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Atmospheric Pressure and TemperaturePurposeThe purpose of this lab is to have you identify the relationship between atmospheric temperature and pressure near the surface of the Earth. You will also utilize the technique of drawing isotherms for the analysis of surface temperature on surface weather maps.MaterialsColored pencilsMicrosoft ExcelrulerAtmospheric PressureAir pressure is determined by the weight of the overlying air. It varies from place to place and over time. Air moves in response to horizontal differences in air pressure, setting the stage for much of the weather we experience. Wind (air in motion) tends to blow from where the air pressure is relatively high to where the air pressure is relatively low. Once air is in motion, its speed and direction may be influenced by the rotation of the Earth on its axis (Coriolis Effect) and/or contact with Earth’s surface (friction).Procedure AUsing the data in Table 6-1, create a line graph showing the temperature and barometric pressure for one 24-hour period. Plot your data for temperature in one color and the data for barometric pressure in another color. Be sure to label both lines on the graph. The X-axis should be labeled “Time of Day,” the primary Y-axis should be labeled “Barometric Pressure (millibars),” and the secondary Y-axis should be labeled “Temperature (°F).”Create a second line graph using the data in Table 6-2 for a different day’s temperature and barometric pressure. Set up your graph in the same way as your first.Using information from the textbook, the UIUC meteorology website, and from Mr. Mosser, fill in the characteristics associated with both high- and low-pressure systems at the Earth’s surface in Table 6-3.Using your graphs from Procedure A1 and A2, describe the general relationship between temperature and barometric pressure near the Earth’s surface.A decrease in atmospheric pressure would signal what possible change in the current temperature?A decrease in the present air temperature would signal what type of change in atmospheric pressure?Using the data from Table 6-1, what was the rate of temperature change between 12:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m (rate of change = change in value/change in time)? Show your work.Using the data from Table 6-1, what was the rate of change of the barometric pressure between 12:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m (rate of change = change in value/change in time)? Show your work.Using the data from Table 6-2, what was the rate of temperature change between 11:00 a.m. and 9:00 p.m (rate of change = change in value/change in time)? Show your work.Using the data from Table 6-2, what was the rate of change of the barometric pressure between 11:00 a.m. and 9:00 p.m (rate of change = change in value/change in time)? Show your work.Table 6-1 Temperature and Barometric PressureTIMETEMP (°F)BAR (mb)TIMETEMP (°F)BAR (mb)12:00a40.11025.612:00p48.61011.71:00a40.81023.41:00p48.91011.12:00a40.21023.22:00p50.21011.03:00a40.11021.23:00p48.31010.94:00a41.31020.34:00p48.21011.25:00a42.31019.25:00p48.81010.96:00a42.31018.06:00p47.71010.97:00a40.61016.97:00p48.21010.98:00a41.21016.38:00p48.21010.89:00a42.91015.79:00p48.51011.810:00a44.91014.310:00p48.91012.211:00a46.41013.411:00p50.11012.412:00a50.11012.9Table 6-2 Temperature and Barometric PressureTIMETEMP (°F)BAR (mb)TIMETEMP (°F)BAR (mb)12:00a38.91001.512:00p37.5993.51:00a39.61000.71:00p35.9994.42:00a39.2999.52:00p35.5995.63:00a39.3998.23:00p34.7996.44:00a39.2997.64:00p32.7998.15:00a38.2997.55:00p32.4999.96:00a36.9995.76:00p31.91001.87:00a36.3995.37:00p31.21003.08:00a36.5995.48:00p30.31004.69:00a36.2996.09:00p29.41006.310:00a36.8995.410:00p29.41007.911:00a38.3993.911:00p29.11009.112:00a28.21010.0TABLE 6-3 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE SYSTEMSPressureLOWHIGHTemperatureWind Rotation(Northern Hemisphere)MoistureWeather Map SymbolRising or Sinking Air?Procedure BUsing the techniques of isotherm analysis introduced to you by Mr. Mosser, draw isotherms at 10-degree intervals on the two surface temperature maps in Figures 27-1 and 27-2.Procedure CPressure gradient force, also known as wind, is an important variable in the atmosphere that helps to define weather on Earth. By analyzing the differences in pressure between two points on the Earth’s surface, it is often possible to predict local wind direction and speed. Using the surface weather map (Figure 29-2), calculate the pressure gradient in millibars per mile between the points shown in Table 6-4. Show your calculations and record your answers in the spaces provided in Table 6-4.TABLE 6-4 PRESSURE GRADIENTPoints on MapChange in Pressure (mb)Distance(miles)CalculationsPressure Gradient (change in pressure/mile)A-BA-CA-DA-EH-FH-GH-I ................
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