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-HE LOEB hes LIBRARY

j EDITED BY

rT. BE. PAGE, Litt.D., anp W. H. D. ROUSE, Lirt.D.

HESIOD

CHE HOMERIC HYMNS AND HOMERICA

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DIONYSUS CROSSING {Hees

FROM GERHARD AUSERLESENE VASENBILDER.

W E g I 0 dD

: ot HOMERIC HYMNS AND

HOMERICA

WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY

HUGH G. EVELYN-WHITE, M.A.

SOMETIME SCHOLAR OF WADHAM COLLEGE, OXFORD

LONDON : WILLIAM HEINEMANN

| NEW YORK : THE MACMILLAN CO.

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PREFACE

Tuts volume contains practically all that remains of

_ the post-Homeric and pre-academic epic poetry.

I have for the most part formed my own text. In

the case of Hesiod I have been able to use indepen-

dent collations of several MSS. by Dr. W. H. D.

Rouse ; otherwise I have depended on the apparatus

criticus of the several editions, especially that of

Rzach (1902). The arrangement adopted in this

edition, by which the complete and fragmentary

‘poems are restored to the order in which they would

probably have appeared had the Hesiodic corpus

survived intact, is unusual, but should not need

apology; the true place for the Catalogues (for

example), fragmentary as they are, is certainly after

the Theogony.

In preparing the text of the Homeric Hymns my

chief debt—and it is a heavy one—is to the edition

of Allen and Sikes (1904) and to the series of articles

in the Journal of Hellenic Studies (vols. xv. sqq.) by

T. W. Allen. To the same scholar and to the

V

PREFACE

Ass of the Clarendon Press I am greatly |

indebted for permission to use the restorations of |

the Hymn:to Demeter, lines 387-401 and 462-470, |

printed in the Oxford Text of 1912. |

Of the fragments of the Epic Cycle I have given

only such as seemed to possess distinct importance or |

interest, and in doing so have relied mostly upon —

Kinkel’s collection and on the fifth volume of the

Oxford Homer (1912). |

The texts of the Batrachomyomachia and of the |

Contest of Homer and Hesiod are those of Baumeister |

and Flach respectively: where I have diverged from —

these, the fact has been noted. |

Owing to the circumstances of the present time |

I have been prevented from giving to the Introduction —

that full revision which I should have desired.

RAMPTON, NR. CAMBRIDGE.

Sept. 9th, 1914

vl

PRE FACH Tg re eS A ieee a i i a So | ® 6 e ° °

INTRODUCTION

CONTENTS

MEIOG@RAPHY ..... . .%..

OE eS REE TR We eal a a

Works ae Pete Ste |

The Divination Ly Birds

_ The Astronomy .

The Precepts of Chiron.

The Great Works .

The Idaean Dactyls .

. The Theogony

THE

The Catalogues of Women and the Boise BARE

The Shield of Heracles a.

The Marriage of Ceyx . . .

The Great EKoiae Pee | feted his

eeeteiempodia.:- 6 ok

The Aegimius . ae

Fragments of Unknown Position.

Doubtful Fragments. ... .

HOMERIC HYMNS .....

oe oO mnysue. 2.

t1.—To Demeter

111.—To Apollo .

tv.—To Hermes

v.—To Aphrodite

v1.—To Aphrodite

vi.—To Dionysus .. .

Witehe—- TO Ares. f-5....

1x.—To Artemis

x.—To Aphrodite

x1.—To Athena .

fa Po Hera: . *.

x1u1.—To Demeter ..

x1tv.—To the Mother of the Gods

xv.—To Heracles the Lion-hearted

i

Ree ee fel. Or Pee RY, Wad ee ote, Fee oe

"985-463

286

288

324

362

406

426

428

432

434

434.

436

436

436

438

438

vil

CONTENTS

THE HOMERIC HYMNS (contenued)—

xvi.—To Asclepius:.. .....)

xvil.—To the-Dioseum (fF 2" eee

xvyuli.—To Hermes ~. ... =) py eee

x1x.—To Pan ee

xx.—To Hephaestus.” i)! Rae

¥xI.—To Apollo... i533 eee:

xx11.—To Poseidon.” 07>) ae

xx111.——To the Son of Cronus, Most Le ke Re

xxiv._-To Hestia . 9... 0) Uae

xxv.—To the Muses and ices aa? th

xxvi.—To Dionysus... . iE Reade a tetae

xxvit.—To Artemis . .) 3 OY a eg eel

xxvi1.—To Athena . oe Pe ee «naa

xx1x.—To Hestia . . 2] ae sat ee Ok

xxx.—To Earth the Mother of Adloszees pete &

xxxE-—To, Helos: 29.05 35

xxx11.—To Selene tis RMcnyOw

xxx1,.— To:-the Dioseuri)...433 4

THE EPIGRAMS, OF HOMER... «:) 92) )> 3°72) See

THE EPIC CYCLE: . 2. 4. = 2

The War of the Titans .. .) { (2

Lhe Story of Oedipus (0c. \). 97

The Thebais. . . o,..543.44) apd eee

The Epigont 2.0202. Fr

The Cypria ce na

heActhiopis’ 24308 Re 3 Se

The-Little Mad. co (34. . . BEER eee

The Sack of lium... . ©. /7e Ree

The Returns ... . .) wo . 2

The, Telegony ssa neee 22! Ae Ee ;

HOMERICA—

The Expedition of Amphiaratis . ... i. i. 4).

The Taking of Oechalia . . . .° eee Gilat

The Phocais' . - ) 50...) .

The Margites. . 2.) . Se ire ae

The Cercopes. . ....\. . . . «Rn

The Battle of the Frogs and Mice . (...ae.cenalG wee

THE CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD. ......

TMDEX: ok a ee ee

Vill

INTRODUCTION

General

Tue early Greek epic—that is, epic poetry as a

natural and popular, and not (as it became later) an

artificial and academic literary form—passed through

the usual three phases, of development, of maturity,

and of decline.

No fragments which can be identified as belonging

to the first period survive to give us even a

general idea of the history of the earliest epic,

and we are therefore thrown back upon the evidence

of analogy from other forms of literature and of

inference from the two great epics which have come

down to us. So reconstructed, the earliest period

appears to us as a time of slow development in which

the characteristic epic metre, diction, and structure

grew up slowly from crude elements and were

improved until the verge of maturity was reached.

The second period, which produced the /kad and

the Odyssey, needs no description here: but it is very

_important to observe the effect of these poems on

the course of post-Homeric epic. As the supreme

perfection and universality of the Jihad and the

Odyssey cast into oblivion whatever pre-Homeric poets

had essayed, so these same qualities exercised a

paralysing influence over the successors of Homer.

If they continued to sing like their great predecessor

of romantic themes, they were drawn as by a kind of

1X

INTRODUCTION

magnetic attraction into the Homeric style and |

manner of treatment, and became mere echoes of the

Homeric voice : in a word, Homer had so completely |

exhausted the epic genre, that after him further |

efforts were doomed to be merely conventional.

Only the rare and exceptional genius of Vergil and

Milton could use the Homeric medium without loss

of individuality: and this quality none of the later

epic poets seem to have possessed. Freedom from

the domination of the great tradition could only be ©

found by seeking new subjects, and such freedom i

was really only illusionary, since romantic subjects |

alone are suitable for epic treatment.

In its third period, therefore, epic poetry shows

two divergent tendencies. In Ionia and the islands

the epic poets followed the Homeric tradition, ©

singing of romantic subjects in the now stereotyped

heroic style, and showing originality only in their

choice of legends hitherto neglected or summarily

and imperfectly treated. In continental Greece,}

on the other hand, but especially in Boeotia, a new

form of epic sprang up, which for the romance and

mafos of the Ionian School substituted the practical

and matter-of-fact. It dealt in moral and practical

maxims, in information on technical subjects which

are of service in daily life—agriculture, astronomy,

augury, and the calendar—in matters of religion

and in tracing the genealogies of men. Its attitude

is summed up in the words of the Muses to the

writer of the Theogony: “We can tell many a feigned

tale to look like truth, but we can, when we will,

utter the truth” (Theog. 26-27). Such a poetry

* sc. in Boeotia, Locris and Thessaly : elsewhere the moye-

ment was forced and unfruitful,

Xx

INTRODUCTION

could not be permanently successful, because the

subjects of which it treats—if susceptible of poetic

treatment at all—were certainly not suited for epic

treatment, where unity of action which will sustain

interest, and to which each part should contribute,

is absolutely necessary. While, therefore, an epic

like the Odyssey is an organism and dramatic in

structure, a work such as the Theogony is a merely

artificial collocation of facts, and, at best, a pageant.

It is not surprising, therefore, to find that from the

first the Boeotian school is forced to season its matter

with romantic episodes, and that later it tends more

and more to revert (as in the Shield of Heracles) to

the Homeric tradition.

The Boeotsan School

How did the continental school of epic poetry

arise? ‘There is little definite material for an answer

_to this question, but the probability is that there were

at least three contributory causes. First, it is likely

that before the rise of the Ionian epos there existed

in Boeotia a purely popular and indigenous poetry

of a crude form: it comprised, we may suppose,

versified proverbs and precepts relating to life in

general, agricultural maxims, weather-lore, and the

like. In this sense the Boeotian poetry may be

taken to have its germ in maxims similar to our

English

“Till May be out, ne’er cast a clout,”

or

“A rainbow in the morning

Is the Shepherd’s warning.”

Xl

INTRODUCTION

Secondly and thirdly we may ascribe the rise of the

new epic to the nature of the Boeotian people and, as

already remarked, to a spirit of revolt against the

old epic. The Boeotians, people of the class of which

Hesiod represents himself to be the type, were

essentially unromantic ; their daily needs marked the

general limit of pene ideals, and, as a class, they

cared little for works of fancy, for “pathos, or for fine

thought as such. To a people of this nature the

Homeric epos would be inacceptable, and the post-

Homeric epic, with its conventional atmosphere, its |

trite and hackneyed diction, and its insincere |

sentiment, would be anathema. We can imagine,

therefore, that among such folk a settler, of Aeolic

origin like Hesiod, who clearly was well acquainted

with the Ionian epos, would naturally see that the

only outlet for his gifts lay in applying epic poetry

to-new themes acceptable to his hearers.

Though the poems of the Boeotian school! were

unanimously assigned to Hesiod down to the age of

Alexandrian criticism, they were clearly neither the

work of one man nor even of one period: some,

doubtless, were fraudulently fathered on him in

order to gain currency; but it is probable that most

came to be regarded as his partly because of their

general character, and partly because the names of

their real authors were lost. One fact in this

attribution is remarkable—the veneration paid to

Hesiod.

1 The extant collection of hires poems, Works and Days,

Theogony, and Shield of Heracles, which alone have come

down to us complete, dates at least from the 4th century

AD.: the title of the Paris Papyrus (Bibl. Nat. Suppl.

Gr. 1099) names only these three works.

X1l

Se

>

INTRODUCTION

Life of Hesiod.—Our information respecting Hesiod

is derived in the main from notices and allusions in

the works attributed to him, and to these must

- be added certain traditions concerning his death and

burial gathered from later writers.

Hesiod’s father (whose name, by a perversion of

Works and Days, 299 UWépon Stov yevos to HWépon, Aiov

yévos, was thought to have been Dius) was a native of

Cyme in Aecolis, where he was a seafaring trader and,

perhaps, also a farmer. He was forced by poverty to

leave his native place, and returned to continental

Greece, where he settled at Ascra near Thespiae in

Boeotia (Works and Days, 636 ff.). Either in Cyme

or Ascra, two sons, Hesiod and Perses, were born to

the settler, and these, after his death, divided the

farm between them. Perses, however, who is re- —

presented as an idler and spendthrift, obtained and

kept the larger share by bribing the corrupt “lords”’

who ruled from Thespiae (Works and Days, 37-39).

While his brother wasted his patrimony and _ ulti-

mately came to want (Works and Days, 34 ff.), Hesiod

lived a farmer’s life until, according to the very early |

tradition preserved by the author of the 7 heogony

(22-23), the Muses met him as he was tending

sheep on Mt. Helicon and “taught him a glorious

song’’—doubtless the Works and Days. The only

other personal reference is to his victory in a poetical

contest at the funeral games of Amphidamas at

Chalcis in Euboea, where he won the prize, a tripod,

which he dedicated to the Muses of Helicon (Works

and Days, 651-9).

Before we go on to the story of Hesiod’s death, it

will: be well to inquire how far the “ autobio-

graphical ” notices can be treated as_ historical,

Xili-

INTRODUCTION

especially as many critics treat some, or all of them,

as spurious. In the first place attempts have been

made to show that “Hesiod” is a significant name

and therefore fictitious: it is only necessary to

mention Goettling’s derivation from ‘mus and 6dds

(which would make “ Hesiod” mean the “ guide”

in virtues and technical arts), and to refer to the

pitiful attempts in the Etymologicum Magnum (s.v.

‘Hoiodos), to show how prejudiced and lacking even

in plausibility such efforts are. It seems certain

that “ Hesiod” stands as a proper name in the fullest

sense. Secondly, Hesiod claims that his father—if not

he himself—came from Aeolis and settled in Boeotia.

There is fairly definite evidence to warrant our

acceptance of this: the dialect of the Works and

Days is shown by Rzach! to contain distinct

Aeolisms apart from those which formed part of the

general stock of epic poetry. And that this Aeolic

speaking poet was a Boeotian of Ascra seems even

more certain, since the tradition is never once

disputed, insignificant though the place was, even

before its destruction by the Thespians. |

Again, Hesiod’s story of his relations with his

brother Perses have been treated with scepticism

(see Murray, Anc. Gk. Literature, pp. 53-54): Perses,

it is urged, is clearly a mere dummy, set up to be the

target for the poet’s exhortations. On such a matter

precise evidence is naturally not forthcoming ; but

all probability is against the sceptical view. For (1)

if cb uarrel between the brothers were a fiction,

we should expect it to be detailed at length and not

noticed allusively and | rather ahecunt ead

ee eee woh ae

1 Der Dialekt des Hesiodos, p. 464: examples are atvnut

(W. and D. 683) and d&pomevat (tb. 22).

X1V

INTRODUCTION

_ it; (2) as MM. Croiset remark, if the poet needed_

a lay-figure the ordinary practice was to introduce

“some mythological person—as, in fact, is done in

_ thé Precepts-of-Ghiron. In a word, there is no more ~

_ solid ground for treating Perses and his quarrel with

Hesiod as fictitious than there would be for treating _

Cyrnus, the friend of Theognis, as mythical.

Thirdly, there is the passage in the Theogony

relating to Hesiod and the Muses. It is surely an

error to suppose that lines 22-35 all refer to Hesiod:

_ rather, the author of the Theogony tells the story of

his own inspiration by the same Muses who once

taught Hesiod glorious song. The lines 22-3 are

therefore a very early piece of tradition about

Hesiod, and though the appearance of Muses must

be treated as a graceful fiction, we find that a writer,

later than the Works and Days by perhaps no more

than three-quarters of a century, believed in the

actuality of Hesiod and in his life as a farmer or

shepherd. |

Lastly, there is the famous story of the contest in

song at Chalcis. In later times the modest version

in the Works and Days was elaborated, first by making

Homer the opponent whom Hesiod conquered, while

a later period exercised its ingenuity in working up

the story of the contest into the elaborate form in

which it still survives. Finally the contest, in which

the two poets contended with hymns to Apollo,!

was transferred to Delos. These developments cer-

tainly need no consideration ; are we to say the same

' T. W. Allen suggests that the conjoined Delian and

Pythian hymns to Apollo (Homeric Hymns III) may have

suggested this version of the story, the Pythian hymn

showing strong continental influence. ,

XV

INTRODUCTION

of the passage in the Works and Days? Critics from

Plutarch downwards have almost unanimously re-

jected the lines 654-662, on the ground that Hesiod’s

Amphidamas is the hero of the Lelantine war

between Chalcis and Eretria, whose death may be

placed circa 705 B.c.—a date which is obviously too

low for the genuine Hesiod. Nevertheless, there is

much to be said in defence of the passage. Hesiod’s

claim in the Works and Days is modest, since he

neither pretends to have met Homer, nor to have sung

in any but an impromptu, local festival, so that the

supposed interpolation lacks a sufficient motive. And

there is nothing in the context to show that Hesiod’s

Amphidamas is to be identified with that Amphi-

damas whom Plutarch alone connects with the

Lelantine War: the name may have been borne by

an earlier Chalcidian, an ancestor, perhaps, of the

person to whom Plutarch refers.

The story of the end of Hesiod may be told

in outline. After the contest at Chalcis, Hesiod

went to Delphi and there was warned that the “issue

of death should overtake him in the fair grove of

Nemean Zeus.”’ Avoiding therefore Nemea on the

Isthmus of Corinth, to which he supposed the oracle

to refer, Hesiod retired to Oenoé in Locris where he

was entertained by Amphiphanes and Ganyctor, sons

of a certain Phegeus. This place, however, was also’

sacred to Nemean Zeus, and the poet, suspected by

his hosts of having seduced their sister,! was mur-

dered there. His body, cast into the sea, was

brought to shore by dolphins and buried at Oenoé

(or, according to Plutarch, at Ascra) : at a later time

his bones were removed to Orchomenus. The whole

1 She is said to have given birth to the lyrist Stesichorus, ~

XVi

a ae

INTRODUCTION

story is full of miraculous elements, and the various

_ authorities disagree on numerous points of detail.

The tradition seems, however, to be constant in

declaring that Hesiod was murdered and buried at

Oenoé, and in this respect it is at least as old as the

time of Thucydides. - In conclusion it may be worth

| while to add the graceful epigram of Alcaeus of

Messene (Palatine Anthology, vii 55).

oe A (4

Aoxpidos év vemel oKxiepo véxvy Horddoto

Nvpdoar kpnviddwv otoav aro cdherépwv,

N 4 ¢ , / X / 9 A

Kal Tamov wWwcavto: yaXaKTe dé Toipeves aiyov

' €ppavav, €avOa pigamevor peActe-

Toinv yop Kal ynpvv amerveev évven Movoav

e , “ he ,

6 mpeaPevs Kaapov yevodpmevos ALLadwv.

“ When in the shady Locrian grove Hesiod

lay dead, the Nymphs washed his body with

water from their own springs, and heaped high

his grave ; and thereon the goat-herds sprinkled

offerings of milk mingled with yellow-honey :

such was the utterance of the nine Muses that

he breathed forth, that old man who had tasted

_of their pure springs.’

The Hesiodic Poems.—The Hesiodic poems fall into |

two groups according as they are didactic (technical

-or gnomic) or genealogical: the first group centres

round the Works and Days, the second round the

Theogony.

I. The Works and Days.—The poem consists of

four main sections (a) After the prelude, which

Pausanias failed to find in the ancient copy engraved

on lead seen by him on Mt. Helicon, comes a

general exhortation to industry. It begins with the

Xvi

INTRODUCTION

allegory of the two Strifes, who stand for wholesome >

Emulation and Quarrelsomeness respectively. Then

by means of the Myth of Pandora the poet shows 9

how evil and the need for work first arose, and goes —

on to describe the Five Ages of the World, tracing the

gradual increase of evil, and emphasizing the present

miserable condition of the world, a condition in which >

struggle is inevitable. Next, after the Fable of the.

Hawk and Nightingale, which serves as a condem-_

nation of violence and injustice, the poet passes on to—

contrast the blessings which Righteousness brings to —

a nation, and the punishment which Heaven sends |

down upon the violent, and the section concludes with ©

a series of precepts on industry and prudent conduct |

generally. (6) The second section shows how a man

may escape want and misery by industry and care both |

in agriculture and in trading by sea. Neither subject, |

it should be carefully noted, is treated in any way com-_

prehensively. (c) The third part is occupied with mis-—

cellaneous precepts relating mostly to actions of |

domestic and everyday life and conduct which have >

little or no connection with one another. (d) -The

final section is taken up with a series of notices on —

the days of the month which are favourable or

unfavourable for agricultural and other operations.

It is from the second and fourth sections that the ©

poem takes its name. At first sight such a work —

seems to be a misce any ol ipths stechuieal 2cvice: |

moral precepts, and folklore maxims without any

unifying — principle ; and critics have readily taken _

the view that the whole is a cento of fragments or —

short poems worked up by a redactor. Very

probably Hesiod used much material of a far older —

date, just as Shakespeare used the Gesta Roman- —

XVIil

PST. et eae

INTRODUCTION

_orum, old chronicles, and old plays; but close

inspection will show that the Works and Days has a-

real unity and that the picturesque title is somewhat

_ misleading. The poem —has properly no technical

object at all, but is moral :_its real-aim—is—to_show __

men how best to live in a difficult world. So viewed

the four seemingly gly independent sections will be

found to be linked together in a real bond of unity.

Such a connection between the first and second

_ sections is easily seen, but the links between these

and the third and fourth are no less real: to make ~

life go tolerably smoothly it is-most important to be

_ just and to know how to win a livelihood; but

happiness also largely depends on prudence and care

_ both in social and home life as well, and not least on

avoidance of actions which offend supernatural

powers and bring ill-luck. And _ finally, if your

industry is to be fruitful, you must know what days

are suitable for various kinds of work. This moral

aim—as opposed to the currently accepted technical

aim of the poem—explains the otherwise puzzling

incompleteness of the instructions on farming and

seafaring.

Of the Hesiodic poems similar in character to the

Works and Days, only the scantiest fragments survive.

- One at least of these, the Divination by Birds, was, as

we know from Proclus, attached to the end of the

Works until it was rejected by Apollonius Rhodius :

doubtless it continued the same theme of how to live,

showing how man can avoid disasters by attending

to the omens to be drawn from birds. It is possible

that the Astronomy or Astrology (as Plutarch calls {t)

was in turn appended to the Divination. It certainly

_ gave some account of the principal constellations, their

XIX

b..2

INTRODUCTION

dates of rising and setting, and the legends connected

with them, and probably showed how these influenced

human affairs or might be used as guides. The

Precepts of Chiron was a didactic poem made up of

moral and practical precepts, resembling the gnomic

sections of the Works and Days, addressed by the

Centaur Chiron to his pupil Achilles. Even less is)

known of the poem called the Great Works: the title

implies that it was similar in subject to the second ff

section of the Works and Days, but longer. Possible’

references in Roman writers! indicate that among

the subjects dealt with were the cultivation of the

vine and olive and various herbs. The inclusion of

the judgment of Rhadamanthys Cra age tar man

sow evil, he shall reap evil,” indicates a gnomic

element, ‘and the note by Proclus? on Works dnd Days

126 makes it likely that metals also were dealt with. |

It is therefore possible that another lost poem, the

Idaean Dactyls, which dealt with the discovery of.

metals and their working, was appended to, or even

was a part of the Great Works, jast as the

Divination by Birds was appended to the Works and

Days. |

II. The Genealogical Poems.—The only complete

poem of the genealogical group is the Theogony,

which traces from the beginning of things the descent —

and vicissitudes of the families of the gods. Like

the Works and Days this poem has no dramatic plot ;

but its unifying principle is clear and simple. The

gods are classified chronologically : as soon as one

generation is catalogued, the poet goes on to detail —

1 See Kinkel Hpic. Graec. Frag. i. 158 ff.

2 See Great Works, frag. 2

XX

INTRODUCTION

ene

} the offspring of each member of that generation. Ex-

| ceptions are only made in special cases, as the Sons —

‘of lIapetus (ll. 507-616) whose place is accounted for

_by their treatment by Zeus. The chief landmarks in

I the poem are as follows : after the first 103 lines, which

/ contain at least three distinct preludes, three pri-

| meval beings are introduced, Chaos, Earth and Eros

| —here an indefinite reproductive influence. Of these

| three, Earth produces Heaven to whom she bears the

_ Titans, the Cyclopes and the hundred-handed giants.

Se EThe Titans, oppressed by their father, revolt at the

instigation of Farth, under the leadership of Cronos,

and as a result Heaven and Earth are separated,} and

Cronos reigns over the universe. Cronos knowing

that he is destined to be overcome by one of his

children, swallows each one of them as they are

_ born, until Zeus, saved by Rhea, grows up and over-

comes Cronos in some struggle which is not described.

Cronos is forced to vomit up the children he had

swallowed, and these with Zeus divide the universe

between them, like a human estate. Two events

mark the early reign of Zeus, the war with the

_ Titans and the overthrow of Typhoeus, and as Zeus is

still reigning the poet can only go on to give a list

of gods born to Zeus by various goddesses. After

this he formally bids farewell to the cosmic and

_ Olympian deities and enumerates the sons born of

goddess to mortals. The poem closes with an

invocation of the Muses: to sing of the “ tribe of

women.’

This conclusion served to link the. Ti heogony to

what must have been a distinct poem, the Catalogues

of Women. This work was divided into four (Suidas

. 1 See note on p. 93.

‘\~ IF 2 is ¢ Se Se

XXl1

INTRODUCTION ~—

says five) books, the last one (or two) of which was —

known as the Eozae and may have been again a distinct |

poem: the curious title will be explained presently. ©

The Catalogues proper were a series of genealogies |)

which traced the Hellenic race (or its more important |

peoples and families) from a common ancestor. The |

reason why women are so prominent is obvious : since —

most families and tribes claimed to be descended |

from a god, the only safe clue to their origin was

through the mortal’ woman beloved by that god ; and —

it has also been pointed out that mutterrecht-still left —

its traces in northern Greece in historical times. 4

The following analysis (after Marckscheffel +) will

show the principle of its composition. From Prome- —

theus and Pronoia sprang Deucalion and Pyrrha,

the only survivors of the deluge, who had a son

Hellen (frag. 1), the reputed ancestor of the whole

Hellenic race. From the daughters of Deucalion

sprang Magnes and Macedon, ancestors of the

Magnesians and Macedonians, who are thus re-

presented as cousins to the true Hellenic stock.

Hellen had three sons, Dorus, Xuthus and Aeolus,

parents of the Dorian, Ionic and Aeolian races, and

the offspring of these was then detailed. In one

instance a considerable and characteristic section can

be traced from extant fragments and notices: Sal-

moneus, son of Aeolus, had a daughter Tyro who

bore to Poseidon two sons, Pelias and Neleus; the

latter of these, king of Pylos, refused Heracles

purification for the murder of Iphitus, whereupon

Heracles attacked and sacked Pylos, killing amongst

the other sons of Neleus Periclymenus, who had the

power of changing himself into all manner of shapes.

1 Hesiodi Fragmenta, pp. 119 f. ”

XXll

INTRODUCTION

_ From this slaughter Neleus alone escaped (frags. 13,

-and 10-12). This summary shows the general

| principle of arrangement of the Catalogues: each

| line seems to have been dealt with in turn, and the

monotony was relieved as far as possible by a brief

relation of famous adventures connected with any

of the personages—as in the case of Atalanta and

Hippomenes (frag. 14). Similarly the story of the

Argonauts appears from the fragments (37-42) to

have been told in some detail.

This tendency to introduce romantic epiebes led

to an important development. Several poems are

ascribed to Hesiod, such as the Epithalamium of Peleus

and Thetis, the Descent of Theseus into Hades, or the

Circuit of the Earth (which must have been connected

with the story of Phineus and the Harpies, and so

with the Argonaut-legend), which yet seem to have

belonged to the Catalogues. It is highly probable

that these poems were interpolations into the Cata-

logues expanded by later poets from more summary

notices in the genuine Hesiodic work and _ sub-

sequently detached from their contexts and treated as

independent. This is definitely known to be true of

the Shield of Heracles, the first 53 lines of which

belong to the fourth book of the Catalogues, and

almost certainly applies to other episodes, such as

the Suitors of Helen; the Daughters of Leucippus, and

the Marriage of Ceyx, which last Plutarch mentions

as “interpolated in the works of Hesiod.”

To the Catalogues, as we have said, was appended

another work, the EKozae. The title seems to have

* Possibly the division of this poem into two books (see

p- 199) is a division belonging solely to this ‘‘ developed

poem,’ which may have included in its second part a

eae ee of the Tale of Troy.

Xxili

INTRODUCTION

arisen in the following way !: the Catalogues probably

ended (cp. Theogony 563 Hf. ) ‘with some such passage

as this: “ But now, ye Muses, sing of the tribes of

women with whom ‘the Sons of Heaven were joined *

in love, women pre-eminent above their fellows in

beauty, such (oi7) as was Niobe(?).”’ Each succeeding

heroine was then introduced by the formula % oty “ Or

such as was...” (cp. frags. 88, 92, ete.). A large

fragment of the Kozae is extant at the beginning of

the Shield of Heracles, which may be mentioned

here. The “supplement ”’ (ll. 57-480) is nominally

devoted to a description of the combat between

Heracles and Cycnus, but the greater part is taken

up with an inferior description of the shield of

Heracles, in imitation of the Homeric shield of

Achilles (Jad xviii. 478 ff.). Nothing shows more

clearly the collapse of the principles of the Hesiodic

school than this ultimate servile dependence upon

Homeric models.

At the close of the Shield Heracles goes on to

Trachis to the house of Ceyx, and this warning |

suggests that the Marriage of Ceyx may have come

immediately after the 7 oi of Alemena in the Fozae :

possibly Halcyone, the wife of Ceyx, was one of

the heroines sung in the poem, and the original

section was ‘‘ developed’ into the Marriage, although

what form the poem took is unknown.

Next to the Eozae and the poems which seemed to

have been developed from it, it is natural to place

the Great Eowe. This, again, as we know from

fragments, was a list of heroines who bare children to

the gods: from the title we must suppose it to have

been much longer than the simple Lozae, but its

1 Goettling’s explanation.

XXIV

INTRODUCTION

_ extent is unknown. Lehmann, remarking that the

_ heroines are all Boeotian and Thessalian (while the

_ heroines of the Catalogues belong to all parts of the

- Greek world), believes the author to have been either

_ a Boeotian or Thessalian.

Two other poems are ascribed to Hesiod. Of

‘ these-the Aegimius (also ascribed by Athenaeus to

_ Cercops of Miletus), is thought by Valckenaer to

_ deal with the war of Aegimius against the Lapithae

_ and the aid furnished to him by Heracles, and with

Ope CEN SPECI WORE Tet

_ the history of Aegimius and his sons. Otto Miiller

suggests that the introduction of Thetis and of

Phrixus (frags. 1-2) is to be connected with notices of

_ the allies of the Lapithae from Phthiotis and Iolchus,

_ and thatthe story of Io was incidental to a narrative of

Heracles’ expedition against Kuboea.. The remaining

_ poem, the Melampodia, was a work in three books,

_ whose plan it is impossible to recover. Its subject,

however, seems to have been the histories of famous

seers like Mopsus, Calchas, and Teiresias, and it

probably took its name from Melampus, the most

famous of them all.

Date of the Hestodic Poems.—There is no doubt

that the Works and Days is the oldest, as it is the

most original, of the Hesiodic poems. It seems to

be distinctly earlier than the T'heogony, which refers

to it, apparently, as a poem already renowned.

Two considerations help us to fix a relative date for

the Works. (1) In diction, dialect and style it is

obviously dependent upon Homer, and is therefore

considerably later than the Ihad and Odyssey:

moreover, as we have seen, it is in revolt against the

romantic school, already grown decadent, and while

XXV

INTRODUCTION

the digamma is still living, it is obviously growing

weak, and is by no means uniformly effective.

(2) On the other hand while tradition steadily

puts the Cyclic poets at various dates from 776 B.c.

downwards, it is equally consistent in regarding

Homer and Hesiod as “prehistoric.” Herodotus

indeed puts both poets 400 years before his’ own

time ; that is, at about 830-820 B.c., and the evidence

stated above points to the middle of the ninth

century as the probable date for the Works and

Days. The Theogony might be tentatively placed

a century later; and the Catalogues and Hotae are

again later, but not greatly later, than the Theo-

gony: the Shield of Heracles may be ascribed to

the later half of the seventh century, but there is

not evidence enough to show whether the other

“ developed’”’ poems are to be regarded as of a date

so low as this.

Literary Value of Hestod.—Quintilian’s+ judgment

on Hesiod that “he rarely rises to great heights .. .

and to him is given the palm in the middle-class of

speech” is just, but is liable to give a wrong

impression. Hesiod has nothing that remotely

approaches such scenes as that between Priam and

Achilles, or the pathos of Andromache’s preparations

for Hector’s return, even as he was falling before

the walls of Troy; but in matters that come within

the range of ordinary experience, he rarely fails to rise

to the appropriate level. Take, for instance, the

description of the Iron Age (Works and Days, 182 ff.)

with its catalogue of wrongdoing and violence ever

increasing until Aidés and Nemesis are forced ‘to

ex LS ee!

XXVvil

INTRODUCTION

leave mankind who thenceforward shall have “no

remedy against evil.” Such occasions, however,

rarely occur and are perhaps not characteristic of

Hesiod’s genius: if we would see Hesiod at his best,

in his most natural vein, we must turn to such a

passage as that which he himself—according to the

compiler of the Contest of Hesiod and Homer—

selected as best in ail his work, “ When the Pleiades,

Atlas’ daughters, begin to rise...”’ (Works and Days,

383 ff.). The value of such a passage cannot be

analysed: it can only be said that given such a

subject, this alone is the right method of treatment.

Hesiod’s diction is in the main Homeric, but one

of his charms is the use of quaint allusive phrases

derived, perhaps, from a pre-Hesiodic peasant poetry :

thus the season when Boreas blows is the time when

“the Boneless One gnaws his foot by his fireless

hearth in his cheerless house’; to eut one’s nails is

“to sever the withered from the quick upon that

which has five branches”; similarly the burglar

is the “day-sleeper,’ and the serpent is the “ hairless

one. Very similar is his reference to seasons

through what happens or is done in that season:

“when the House-carrier, fleeing the Pleiades, climbs

up the plants from the earth,” is the season for

_ harvesting ; or “ when the artichoke flowers and the

clicking grass-hopper, seated in a tree, pours down

his shrill song,’ is the time for rest.

Hesiod’s charm lies in his child-like and sincere

naiveté, in his unaffected interest in and picturesque

view of nature and all that happens in nature.

These qualities, it is true, are those pre-eminently of

the Works and Days: the literary virtues of the

Theogony are of a more technical character, skill in

XXVii

INTRODUCTION

ordering and disposing long lists of names, sure

judgment in seasoning a monotonous subject with

marvellous incidents or episodes, and no mean

imagination in depicting the awful, as is shown in

the description of Tartarus (lL 736-745). Yet it

remains true that Hesiod’s distinctive title to a high

place in Greek literature lies in the very fact of his

freedom from classic form, and his grave, and yet

child-like, outlook upon his world. |

The lonic School

The fonic School of Epic poetry was, as we have

seen, dominated by the Homeric tradition, and while

the style and method of treatment are Homeric, it is

natural that the Lonic poets refrained from cultivating

the ground tilled by Homer, and chose for treatment

legends which lay beyond the range of the /iad and

Odyssey. Equally natural it is that they should

have particularly selected various phases of the tale —

of Troy which preceded or followed the action of

the Lad and Odyssey. In this way, without any pre-

conceived intention, a body of epic poetry was built

up by various writers which covered the whole

Trojan story. But the entire range of heroic legend

was open to these poets, and other clusters of epics

grew up dealing particularly with the famous story of

Thebes, while others dealt with the beginnings of -

the world and the wars of heaven. In the end there

existed a kind of epic history of the world, as known

to the Greeks, down to the death of Odysseus, when

the heroic age ended. In the Alexandrian Age

these poems were arranged in chronological order,

apparently by Zenodotus of Ephesus, at the beginning

XXVill

INTRODUCTION

of the 3rd century B.c. At a later time the term

= Cycle, “round” or “course” was given to this

collection.

Of all this mass of epic poetry only the scantiest

fragments survive ; but happily Photius has preserved

to us an abridgment of the synopsis made of each

poem of the “Trojan Cycle” by Proclus, z.e. Kutychius

Proclus of Sicea.

The pre-Trojan poems of the Cycle may be noticed

first. The T%tanomachy, ascribed both to Kumelus of

Corinth and to Arctinus of Miletus, began with a kind

of Theogony which told of the union of Heaven and

Earth and of their offspring the Cyclopes and the

Hundred-handed Giants. How the poem proceeded

we have no means of knowing, but we may suppose

that in character it was not unlike the short account

of the Titan War found in the Hesiodic Theogony

(617 ff).

What links bound the Titanomachy to the Theban

Cycle is not clear. This latter group was formed of

three poems, the Story of Oedipus, the Thebais, and

the Epigont. Of the Oedipodea practically nothing

is known, though on the assurance of Athenaeus

(vii. 277 £) that Sophocles followed the Epic Cycle

closely in the plots of his plays, we may suppose that

in outline the story corresponded closely to the

history of Oedipus as it is found in the Oedipus

Tyrannus. The Thebais seems to have begun with

the origin of the fatal quarrel between Eteocles and

Polyneices in the curse called down upon them by

their father in his misery. The story was thence

carried down to the end of the expedition under

Polyneices, Adrastus and Amphiaraus against Thebes.

The Ejugont (ascribed to Antimachus of Teos) re-

XX1X

INTRODUCTION

counted the expedition of the “ After-Born ” against

Thebes, and the sack of the city. |

The Trojan Cycle.—Six epics with the Ihad and

the Odyssey made up the Trojan Cycle—The Cyprian

Lays, the Ihad, the Aethops, the Lattle Ihad, the

Sack of Troy, the Returns, the Odyssey, and the

Telegony.

It has been assumed in the foregoing pages that

the poems of the Trojan Cycle are later than the

Homeric poems; but, as the opposite view has been

held, the reason for this assumption must now be given.

(1) Tradition puts Homer and the Homeric poems

proper back in the ages before chronological history

began, and at the same time assigns the purely

Cyclic poems to definite authors who are dated from |

the first Olympiad (776 3.c.) downwards. This

tradition cannot be purely arbitrary. (2) The Cyclic

poets (as we can see from the abstracts of Proclus)

were careful not to trespass upon ground already

occupied by Homer. Thus, when we find that in the

Returns all the prominent Greek heroes except

Odysseus are accounted for, we are forced to believe

that the author of this poem knew the Odyssey and

judged it unnecessary to deal in full with that hero's

adventures. In a word, the Cyclic poems are

“ written round”’ the Jad and the Odyssey. (3) The

general structure of these epics is clearly imitative. As

MM. Croiset remark, the abusive Thersites in the A ethz-

opts is clearly copied from the Thersites of the Jad: |

in the same poem Antilochus, slain by Memnon and

avenged by Achilles, is obviously modelled on Patro-

clus. (4) The geographical knowledge of a poem like

1 Odysseus appears to have been mentioned once only—and

that casually—in the Returns.

XXX

INTRODUCTION

the Returns is far wider and more precise than that of

the Odyssey. (5) Moreover, in the Cyclic poems epic:is

clearly degenerating morally—if the expression may

be used. The chief greatness of the Jad is in the

character of the heroes Achilles and Hector rather

than in the actual events which take place: in the

Cyclic writers facts rather than character are the

objects of interest, and events are so packed together

as to leave no space for any exhibition of the play of

moral forees. All these reasons justify the view that

the poems with which we now have to deal were

later than the Jad and Odyssey, and if we must

recognize the possibility of some conventionality in

the received dating, we may feel confident that it

is at least approximately just.

The earliest of the post-Homeric epics of Troy are

apparently the Aethopis and the Sack of Ilium, both

ascribed to Arctinus of Miletus who is said to have

flourished in the first Olympiad (776 B.c.). He set

himself to finish the tale of Troy, which, so far as

events were concerned, had been left half-told by

Homer, by tracing the course of events after the

close of the Iliad. The Aethiopis thus included the

coming of the Amazon Penthesilea to help the

Trojans after the fall of Hector and her death, the

similar arrival and fall of the Aethiopian Memnon,

the death of Achilles under the arrow of Paris, and

the dispute between Odysseus and Aias for the arms

of Achilles. The Sack of Ilum1 as analysed by

Proclus was very similar to Vergil’s version in

1 MM. Croiset note that the Aethiopis and the Sack were

originally merely parts of one work containing lays (the

Amazoneia, Aethiopis, Persis, etc.), just as the IJlad

contained various lays such as the Diomedeia.

XXxl1

INTRODUCTION

Aeneid ii, comprising the episodes of the wooden

horse, of Laocoon, of Sinon, the return of ‘the

Achaeans from Tenedos, the actual Sack of Troy, the

division of spoils and the burning of the city.

Lesches or Lescheos (as Pausanias calls him) of

Pyrrha or Mitylene is dated at about 660 B.c.

In his Lettle Ihkad he undertook to elaborate the

Sack as related by Arctinus. His work included the

adjudgment of the arms of Achilles to Odysseus,

the madness of Aias, the bringing of Philoctetes

from Lemnos and his cure, the coming to the war of

Neoptolemus who slays Eurypylus, son of Telephus,

the making of the wooden horse, the spying of

Odysseus and his theft, along with Diomedes, of the

Palladium : the analysis concludes with the admission

of the wooden horse into Troy by the Trojans. It is

known, however (Aristotle, Poetics, xxiii; Pausanias,

x, 25-27), that the Little Ihad also contained a

description of the Sack of Troy. It is probable that

this and other superfluous incidents disappeared after

the Alexandrian arrangement of the poems in the

Cycle, either as the result of some later recension,

or merely through disuse. Or Proclus may have

thought it unnecessary to give the accounts by

Lesches and Arctinus of the same incident.

The Cyprian Lays, ascribed to Stasinus of Cyprus!

(but also to Hegesinus of Salamis) was designed to do

for the events preceding the action of the iad what

Arctinus had done for the later phases of the Trojan

War. The Cypria begins with the first causes of the

war, the purpose of Zeus to relieve the overburdened

earth, the apple of discord, the rape of Helen. Then

1 No date is assigned to him, but it seems likely that he

was either contemporary or slightly earlier than Lesches,

XXXIl1

INTRODUCTION

_ follow the incidents connected with the gathering of

' the Achaeans and their ultimate landing in Troy;

- and the story of the war is detailed up to the quarrel

_ between Achilles and eigamemnon with which the

Iliad begins.

_ These four poems rounded off the story of the

_ Iliad, and it only remained to connect this enlarged

_ version with the Odyssey. This was done by means of

_ the Returns, a poem in five books ascribed to Agias

_ or Hegias of Troezen, which begins where the Sack

_of Troy ends. It told of the dispute between

Agamemnon and Menelaus, the departure from Troy

_ of Menelaus, the fortunes of the lesser heroes, the

_ return and tragic death of Agamemnon, and the

_ vengeance of Orestes on Aegisthus. The story ends

_ with the return home of Menelaus, which brings the

general narrative up to the beginning of the

Odyssey.

_ But the Odyssey itself left much untold: what,

_ for example, happened in Ithaca after the slaying of

the suitors, and what was the ultimate fate of

_ Odysseus? The answer to these questions was

supplied by the Zelegony, a poem in two books by

Kugammon of Cyrene (fl. 568 B.c.). It told of

_ the adventures of Odysseus in Thesprotis after the

killing of the Suitors, of his return to Ithaca, and his

death at the hands of Telegonus, his son by

Circe. The epic ended by disposing of the

surviving personages in a double marriage, Telema-

chus wedding Circe, and Telegonus Penelope.

The end of the Cycle marks also the end of the

Heroic Age.

XKXIil

INTRODUCTION

The Homeric Hymns.

The collection of thirty-three Hymns,ascribed to —

Homer, is the last considerable work of the ©

Epic School, and seems, on the whole, to be later —

than the Cyclic poems. It cannot be definitely

assigned either to the Ionian or Continental schools, ©

for while the romantic element is very strong,

there is a distinct genealogical interest; and in —

matters of diction and style the influences of both

Hesiod and Homer are well-marked. The date —

of the formation of the collection as suchis unknown. |

Diodorus Siculus (temp. Augustus) is the first to —

mention such a body of poetry, and it is likely enough —

that this is, at least substantially, the one which has —

come down tq us. Thucydides quotes the Delian

Hymn to Apollo, and it is possible that the Homeric

corpus of his day also contained other of the more

important hymns. Conceivably the collection was

arranged in the Alexandrine period.

Thucydides, in quoting the Hymn to Apollo, waltld

it mpootyiov, which ordinarily means a “prelude ”

chanted by a rhapsode before recitation of a lay from

Homer, and such hymns as Nos. vi, x, Xxxi, xxxil,

are clearly preludes in the strict sense; in No. xxxi,

for example, after celebrating Helios, the poet

declares he will next sing of the “race of mortal

men, the demi-gods.”’ But it may fairly be doubted

whether such Hymns as those to Demeter (ii), Apollo

(iii), Hermes (iv), Aphrodite (v), can have been real

preludes, in spite of the closing formula “ and now I

will pass on to another hymn.” ‘The view taken by

Allen and Sikes, amongst other scholars, is doubtless

right, that these longer hymns are only technically

XXKX1V

INTRODUCTION

_preludes and show to what disproportionate lengths

'a simple literary form can be developed. The

_ Hymns to Pan (xix), to Dionysus (xxvi), to Hestza and

_ Hermes (xxix), seem to have been designed for use

_ at definite religious festivals, apart from recitations.

_ With the exception perhaps of the Hymn to Ares

_ (viii), no item in the collection can be regarded as

_ either devotional or liturgical.

_ The Hymn is doubtless a very ancient form; but

if no examples of extreme antiquity survive this

_ must be put down to the fact that until the age of

literary consciousness, such things are not preserved.

First, apparently, in the collection stood the Hymn

to Dionysus, of which only two fragments now survive.

While it appears to have been a hymn of the longer

_ type,' we have no evidence to show gither its scope

or date.

The Hymn to Demeter, extant only in the MS.

discovered by Matthiae at Moscow, describes the

seizure of Persephone by Hades, the grief of

Demeter, her stay at Eleusis, and her vengeance on

gods and men by causing famine. In the end Zeus

is forced to bring Persephone back from the lower

world ; but the goddess, by the contriving of Hades,

still remains partly a deity of the lower world. In

memory of her sorrows Demeter establishes the

Eleusinian mysteries (which, however, were purely

agrarian in origin).

This hymn, as a literary work, is one of the finest

1 Cp. Allen and Sikes, Homeric Hymns p. xv. In the

text I have followed the arrangement of these scholars,

numbering the Hymns to Dionysus and to Demeter, I and Ul

respectively : to place Demeter after Hermes, and the Hymn

to Dionysus at the end of the collection seems to be merely

perverse.

XXXV

G2

INTRODUCTION

in the collection. It is surely Attic or Eleusinian in ©

origin. Can we in any way fix its date? Firstly, it ©

is certainly not later than the beginning of the sixth |

century, for it makes no mention of Iacchus, and the —

Dionysiac element was introduced at Eleusis at about —

that period. Further, the insignificance of Triptolemus |

and Eumolpus point to considerable antiquity, and |

the digammna is still active. All these considerations —

point to the seventh century as the probable date |

of the hymn. |

The Hymn to Apollo consists of two parts, which —

beyond any doubt were originally distinct, a Delian —

hymn and a Pythian hymn.* The Delian hymn ~

describes how Leto, in travail with Apollo, sought ~

out a piace i in which to bear her son, and how Apollo,

born in Delos, at once claimed for himself the lyre,

the bow, and prophecy. This part of the existing

hymn ends with an encomium of the Delian festival

of Apollo and of the Delian choirs. The second part

celebrates the founding of Pytho (Delphi) as the

oracular seat of Apollo. After various wanderings

the god comes to Telphusa, near Haliartus, but is

dissuaded by the nymph of the place from settling

there and urged to go on to Pytho where, after slaying

the she-dragon who nursed Typhaon, he builds his

temple. After the punishment of Telphusa for her

deceit in giving him no warning of the dragoness at

Pytho, Apollo, in the form of a dolphin, brings

certain Cretan shipmen. to Delphi to be his priests ;

and the hymn ends with a charge to these men to

behave orderly and righteously.

The Delian part is exclusively Ionian and insular

both in style and sympathy ; Delos and no other is

Apollo’s chosen seat : Bue, the second part is as

XXXVI

INTRODUCTION

: definitely continental; Delos is ignored and Delphi

_alone is the important centre of Apollo’s worship.

' From this it is clear that the two parts need not be

' of one date—The first, indeed, is ascribed (Scholiast

_ on Pindar Nem. ii, 2) to Cynaethus of Chios (fl. 504

B.c.), a date which is obviously far too low; general

_ considerations point rather to the eighth century.

The second part is not later: than 600 z.c.; for (1) the

chariot-races at Pytho, which commenced in 586 B.c.,

are unknown to the writer of the hymn, (2) the temple

built by Trophonius and Agamedes for Apollo (IL.

294-299) seems to have been still standing when the

hymn was written, and this temple was “burned in

_ 548. We may at least be sure that the first part is

_ a Chian work, and that the second was composed by a

_ continental poet familiar with Delphi.

The Hymn to Hermes differs from Gfiiere” in its

burlesque, quasi-comic character, and it is also the

_ best-known of the Hymns to English readers in

consequence of Shelley’s translation.

After a brief narrative of the birth of Hermes,

the author goes on to show how he won a place

among the gods. First the new-born child found a

_ tortoise and from its shell contrived the lyre; next,

_ with much cunning circumstance, he stole Apollo's

cattle and, when charged with the theft by Apollo,

_ forced that god to appear in undignified guise before

_ thetribunal of Zeus. Zeus seeks to reconcile the pair,

and Hermes by the gift of the lyre wins Apollo's

friendship and purchases various prerogatives, a share

in divination, the lordship of herds and animals,

and the office of messenger from the gods to Hades.

The hymn is hard to date. Hermes’ lyre has

seven strings and the invention of the seven-stringed

XXXVI

INTRODUCTION

lyre is ascribed to Terpander (flor. 676 B.c.). The ©

hymn must therefore be later than that date, though

Terpander, according to Weir Smyth,' may have only

modified the scale of the lyre; yet while the burlesque

character precludes an early date, this feature is far

removed, as Allen and Sikes remark, from the silliness

of the Battle of the Frogs and Mice, so that a date in

the earlier part of the sixth century is most probable.

The Hymn to Aphrodite is not the least remarkable,

from a literary point of view, of the whole collection, —

exhibiting as it does in a masterly manner a divine _

being as the unwilling victim of an irresistible force. |

It tells how all creatures, and even the gods them- —

selves, are subject to the will of Aphrodite, saving only ~

Artemis, Athena, and Hestia; how Zeus to humble her

pride of power caused her to love a mortal, Anchises ;

and how the goddess visited the hero upon Mt. Ida.

A comparison of this work with the Lay of Demodocus |

(Odyssey viii, 266 ff.), which is superficially similar, will _

show how far superior is the former in which the ©

goddess is but a victim to forces stronger than herself.

The lines (247-255) in which Aphrodite tells of her

humiliation and grief are specially noteworthy.

There are only general indications of date. The

influence of Hesiod is clear, and the hymn has almost

certainly been used by the author of the Hymn to

Demeter, so that the date must lie between these two

periods, and the seventh century seems to be the

latest date possible.

The Hymn to Dionysus relates how the god was

seized by pirates and how with many manifestations

of power he avenged himself on them by turning them

into dolphins. The date is widely disputed, for while

1 Greek Melic Poets, p. 165.

XXXVIli

INTRODUCTION

_ lLudwich believes it to be a work of the fourth or

_ third century, Allen and Sikes consider a sixth or

| seventh century date to be possible. The story is

- figured in a different form on the reliefs from the

choragic monument of Lysicrates, now in the British

Museum.

Very different in character is the Hymn to Ares,

which is Orphic in character. The writer, after

lauding the god by detailing his attributes, prays to

be delivered from feebleness and weakness of soul,

as also from impulses to wanton and brutal violence.

The only other considerable hymn is that to Pan,

which describes how he roams hunting among the

mountains and thickets and streams, how he makes

music at dusk while returning from the chase, and

how he joins in dancing with the nymphs who sing

the story of his birth. This, beyond most works of

Greek literature, is remarkable for its fresh and

spontaneous love of wild natural scenes.

The remaining hymns are mostly of the briefest

compass, merely hailing the god to be celebrated and

mentioning his chief attributes. The Hymns to

Hermes (xvii) to the Dioscurt (xvii) and to Demeter

(xiii) are mere abstracts of the longer hymns iv,

XXxiii, and ii.

The Epigrams of Homer

The Epigrams of Homer are derived from the

pseudo-Herodotean Life of Homer, but many of them

occur in other documents such as the Contest of

Homer and Hesiod, or are quoted by various ancient

authors. These poetic fragments clearly antedate

the “ Life” itself, which seems to have been so written

XXX1X

INTRODUCTION

round them as to supply appropriate occasions for

their composition. Epigram ili. on Midas of Larissa

was otherwise attributed to Cleobulus of Lindus, one

of the Seven Sages; the address to Glaucus (xi) is

purely Hesiodic ; xiii, according to MM. Croiset, is a

fragment from a gnomic poem. Epigram xiv is a

curious poem attributed on no very obvious grounds

to Hesiod by Julius Pollux. In it the poet invokes

Athena to protect certain potters and their craft, if

they will, according to promise, give him a reward for

his song; if they prove false, malignant gnomes are

invoked to wreck the kiln and hurt the potters.

The Burlesque Poems

To Homer were popularly ascribed certain bur-

lesque poems in which Aristotle (Poetics iv) saw

the germ of comedy. Most interesting of these,

were it extant, would be the Margites. The hero of

the epic is at once sciolist and simpleton, “knowing

many things, but knowing them all badly.” It is

unfortunately impossible to trace the’ plan of the

poem, which presumably detailed the adventures of

this unheroic character: the metre used was a

curious mixture of hexametric and iambic lines.

The date of such a work cannot be high: Croiset

thinks it may belong to the period of Archilochus

(c. 650 B.c.), but it may well’be somewhat later.

Another poem, of which we know even less, is the

Cercopes. These Cercopes (“ Monkey-Men”’) were a

pair of malignant dwarfs who went about the world

mischief-making. Their punishment by Heracles

is represented on one of the earlier metopes from

Selinus. It would be idle to speculate as to the date

of this work.

xl

INTRODUCTION

Finally there is the Battle of the Frogs and Mice.

Here is told the story of the quarrel which arose

_ between the two tribes, and how they fought, until

ag

Zeus sent crabs to break up the battle. It is a

parody of the warlike epic, but has little in it that is

really comic or of literary merit, except perhaps the

list of quaint arms assumed by the warriors. The

text of the poem is in a chaotic condition, and there

are many interpolations, some of Byzantine date.

Though popularly ascribed to Homer, its real

author is said by Suidas to have been Pigres, a

Carian, brother of Artemisia, “wife of Mausolus,”’

who distinguished herself at the battle of Salamis.

Suidas is confusing the two Artemisias, but he may

be right in attributing the poem to about 480 z.c.

The Contest’ of Homer and Hesiod

This curious work dates in its present form from

the lifetime or shortly after the death of Hadrian,

but seems to be based in part on an earlier version

by the sophist Alcidamas (c. 400 B.c.). Plutarch

(Conviv. Sept. Sap., 40) uses an earlier (or at least a

shorter) version than that which we possess.! The

extant Contest, however, has clearly combined with

the original document much other ill-digested matter

on the life and descent of Homer, probably drawing

on the same general sources as does the Herodotean

Life of Homer. Its scope is as follows : (1) the descent

(as variously reported) and relative dates of Homer

1 Cp. Marckscheffel, Hesiod: fragmenta, p. 35. The papyrus

fragment recovered by Petrie (Petrie Papyri, ed. Mahaffy,

p- 70, No. xxv.) agrees essentially with the extant document,

but differs in numerous minor textual points.

xli

INTRODUCTION

and Hesiod ; (2) their poetical contest at Chalcis ;

(3) the death of Hesiod; (4) the wanderings and

fortunes of Homer, with brief notices of the circum-

stances under which his reputed works were com-

posed, down to the time of his death.

The whole tract is, of course, mere romance ; its

only values are (1) the insight it gives into ancient

speculations about Homer; (2) a certain amount of

definite information about the Cyclic poems; and

(3) the epic fragments included in the stichomythia

of the Contest proper, many of which—did we possess —

the clue—would have to be referred to poems of the ©

Kpic Cycle. |

xlii

, Mx

ee

3

as

9

a

3

;

;

;

:

‘

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Hesiop.—The classification and numeration of MSS. here

followed is that of Rzach (1908). It is only necessary to add

that on the whole the recovery of Hesiodic papyri goes to

confirm the authority of the mediaeval MSS. At the same

time these fragments have produced much that is interesting

and valuable, such as the new lines, Works and Days

169 a-d, and the improved readings ib. 278, Theogony

91, 93. Our chiei gains from the papyri are the numerous

and excellent fragments of the Catalogues which have been

recovered.

Works and Days :—

Vienna, Rainer Papyri L.P. 21—9 (4th cent.).

Geneva, Naville Papyri Pap. 94 (6th cent.).

Oxyrhynchus Papyri 1090.!

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2771 (11th cent.).

Florence, Laur. xxxi 39 (12th cent.).

Messina, Univ. Lib. Preexistens 11 (12th-—13th cent.).

Rome, Vatican 38 (14th cent. ).

Venice, Marc. ix 6 (14th cent.).

Florence, Laur. xxxi 37 (14th cent.).

3, >» XxXxil 16 (13th cent.).

re », xxx 2 (14th cent.).

Milan, Ambros. G 32 sup. (14th cent.).

Florence, Bibl. Riccardiana 71 (15th cent.).

Milan, Ambros. J 15 sup. (15th cent.).

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2773 (14th cent.).

2 ee Trinity College (Gale MS.), O. 9. 27 (13th-14th

cent. ).

Rome, Vatican 1332 (14th cent.).

These MSS. are divided by Rzach into the following

families, issuing from a common original :—

Ra = C Ya =D ba = E

Qb=FGH wb =IKLM $b = NOPQ

HOSEN RHO OQ wb

&

1 Not included in Rzach’s list.

xlii

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Theogony :—

Paris, Bibl. Nat. Suppl. Graec. (papyrus) 1099 (4th-

5th cent. ). |

London, British Museum clix (4th cent. ).

Vienna, Rainer Papyri L. P. 21-9 (4th cent.).

Paris, Bibl. Nat. Suppl. Graec. 663 (12th cent. ).

Florence, Laur. xxxii 16 (13th cent.).

, Cony. suppr. 158 (14th cent.).

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2883 (15th cent.).

Rome, Vatican 915 (14th cent. ).

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2772 (14th cent. ).

Florence, Laur. xxxi 32 (15th cent. ).

Venice, Mare. ix 6 (15th cent.).

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2708 (15th cent.).

These MSS. are divided into two families :

oa = CD v= KL

Qb = EF

ne = GHI

Shield of Heracles :—

Oxyrhynchus Papyri 689 (2nd cent.).

Vienna, Rainer Papyri L.P. 21-29 (4th cent.).

Berlin Papyri, 9774 (1st cent.).

Paris, Bibl. Nat., Suppl. Graec. 663 (12th cent. ).

29 29 29 99 29 oe) (12th cent. ).

Milan, Ambros. C 222 (13th cent.).

Florence, Laur. xxxii 16 (13th cent.),

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2773 (14th cent.).

. », 2772 (14th cent.).

Florence, Laur. xxxi 32 (15th cent.).

London, British Museum Harleianus (14th cent.),

Rome, Bibl Casanat. 356 (14th cent.).

Florence, Laur. Conv. suppr. 158 (14th cent. ).

Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2833 (15th cent. ). ,

These MSS belong to two families :

Qa = BCDF Ya = E

Ob = GHI vb = KLM

To these must be added two MSS. of mixed family :

N_ Venice, Mare. ix 6 (14th cent. ).

O Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2708 (15th cent. ).

xliv

HR Or EDO pb

ZORA Post seonweyt

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Editions of Hesiod :—

. ‘Demetrius Chalcondyles, Milan (?) 1493 (?) (editio princeps,

containing, however, only the Works and Days).

Aldus Manutius (Aldine edition), Venice, 1495 (complete

works).

_ Juntine Kditions, 1515 and 1540.

_ Trincavelli, Venice, 1537 (with scholia).

Of modern editions the following may be noticed :—

Gaisford, Oxford, 1814-1820; Leipzig, 1823 (with scholia :

in Poett. Graec. Minn II).

Goettling, Gotha, 1831 (3rd edition, Leipzig 1878).

Didot Edition, Paris, 1840.

Schémann, 1869.

Koechly and Kinkel, Leipzig, 1879.

Flach, Leipzig, 1874-8.

Rzach, Leipzig, 1902 (larger edition), 1908 (smaller edition).

On the Hesiodic poems generally the ordinary Histories of

Greek Literature may be consulted, but especially the His¢.

de la littérature Grecque I pp. 459 ff. of MM. Croiset. The

summary account in Prof. Murray’s Anc. Gk. Lit. is written

with a strong sceptical bias. Very valuable is the appendix

to Mair’s translation (Oxford, 1908) on The Farmer’s Year in

Hesiod. Recent work on the Hesiodic poems is reviewed in

full by Rzach in Bursian’s Jahresberichte vols. 100 (1899) and

152 (1911).

For the fragments of Hesiodic poems the work of

Markscheffel, Hesiodi Fragmenta (Leipzig, 1840), is most

valuable : important also is Kinkel’s HLpicorum Graecorum

Pragmenta 1 (Leipzig, 1877) and the editions of Rzach

noticed above. For recently discovered papyrus fragments

see Wilamowitz, Neue Bruchstticke d. Hesiod Katalog

(Sitzungsb. der k. preuss. Akad. fiir Wissenschaft, 1900, pp.

839-851.) A list of the papyri belonging to lost Hesiodic

works may here be added : all are from the Catalogues.

(1) Berlin Papyri 7497! (2nd cent.) \irra v7.

*(2) Oxyrhynchus Papyri 421 (2nd © ois i; B°

1 See Schubart, Berl. Klassikertexte v. 1. 22 ff.; the other

papyri may be found in the publications whose name they

bear,

xlv

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Petrie Papyri iii 3. \ Frag.

Papiri greci e latine. No. 130 (2nd to 3rd cent.) f 14.

Strassburg Papyri, 55 (2nd cent.) Frag. 58. )

Berlin Papyri 9739! (2nd cent.) \ 4

Fe Te taBn0 3 tard ea | Prag. 58.

a » 9777} (4th cent.) Frag. 98.

) Papiri greci e latene, No. 131 (2nd-8rd deeiees Frag. 99.

The Homeric Hymns :—The text of the Homeric hymns is

distinctly bad in condition, a fact which may be attributed

to the general neglect under which they seem to have

laboured at all periods previously to the Revival of Learning.

Very many defects have been corrected by the various

editions of the Hymns, but a considerable number still defy

all efforts ; and especially an abnormal number of undoubted

lacunae disfigure the text. | Unfortunately no papyrus frag-

ment of the Hymns has yet emerged, though one such frag-

ment (Berl. Klassikertexte v. 1. pp. 7 ff.) contains a paraphrase

of a poem very closely parallel to the Hymn to Demeter.

The mediaeval MSS.? are thus enumerated by Dr. T. W.

Allen :—

A Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2763.

At Athos, Vatopedi 587.

Net ee ee

B Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2765.

C Paris, Bibl. Nat. 2833.

r Brussels, Bibl. Royale 11377-11380 (16th cent. ).

D Milan, Ambros. B 98 sup.

E Modena, Estense ii EK 11.

G Rome, Vatican, Regina 91 (16th cent.).

H. London, British Mus. Harley 1752.

J Modena, Estense, ii B 14.

K.. Florence, Laur. 31, 32.

L a 5, 32, 45.

L, 29 9 70, 30

L, 32, 4.

M

Leyden (the “Moscow MS. ) 833 H (14th cent. ).

Mon. Munich, Royal Lib. 333 c.

N_ Leyden, 74 ¢.

O Milan, Ambros. C 10 inf.

1 See note on page xlv.

2 Unless otherwise noted, all these MSS. are of the 15th

century.

xlvi

BIBLIOGRAPHY

b P Rome, Vatican Pal. graec. 179.

M1! Paris, Bibl. Nat. Suppl. graec. 1095.

Q Milan, Ambros. 8 31 sup.

f s Florence, Bibl. Riccard. 53 K ii 13.

v4 52 K ii 14.

Ss” Rome, Vatican, Vaticani graec. 1880.

T Madrid, Public Library 24.

V Venice, Mare. 456.

The same scholar has traced all the MSS. back to a

common parent from which three main families are derived

(M had a separate descent and is not included in any

family) :—

=F.

x? = Lil (and more remotely) AtDSHJK.

y = ELNT (marginal readings).

p = ABCTGL*-LANOPQR,R.V Mon.

Hditions of the Homeric Hymns, &e.

Demetrius Chalcondyles, Florence, 1488 (with the Epigrams

and the battle of the Frogs and Mice in the ed. pr. of

Homer).

Aldine Edition, Venice, 1504.

Juntine Edition, 1537.

Stephanus, Paris, 1566 and 1588.

More modern editions or critical works of value are :—

Martin (Variarum Lectionum libb. iv), Paris, 1605.

Barnes, Cambridge, 1711.

Ruhnken, Leyden, 1782 (Epist. Crit. and Hymn to Demeter).

Ilgen, Halle, 1796 (with Epigrams and the Battle of Frogs

and Mice).

Matthiae, Leipzig, 1806 (with the Battle of Frogs and Mice).

Hermann, Berlin, 1806 (with Epigrams).

Franke, Leipzig, 1828 (with Epigrams and the Battle of the

Frogs and Mice).

Dindorff (Didot edition), Paris, 1837.

Baumeister (Battle of the Frogs and Mice), Gottingen, 1852.

(Hymns), Leipzig, 1860.

Gemoll, Leipzig, 1886.

Goodwin, Oxford, 1893.

Ludwich (Battle of the Frogs and Mice), 1896.

Allen and Sikes, London, 1904.

Allen (Homeri Opera v), Oxford$ 1912.

xlvii

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Of these éditions that of Messrs Allen and Sikes is by far

the best: not only is the text purged of the load of con-

jectures for which the frequent obscurities of the Hymns

offer a special opening, but the Introduction and the Notes

throughout are of the highest value. For a full discussion of

the MSS. and textual problems, reference must be made to

this edition, as also to Dr. T. W. Allen’s series of articles

in. the Journal of Hellenic Studies vols. xv ff. Among

translations those of J. Edgar (Hdinburgh, 1891) and of

Andrew Lang (London, 1899) may be mentioned.

The Epic Cycle. The fragments of the Epic Cycle being

drawn from a variety of authors, no list of MSS. can be

given. The following collections and editions may be

mentioned :—

Muller, Leipzig, 1829.

Dindorff (Didot edition of Homer), Paris, 1837-56.

Kinkel (Epicorum Graecorum Fragmenta i, Leipzig, 1877.

Allen (Homeri Opera v), Oxford, 1912.

The fullest discussion of the problems and fragments of

the epic cycle is F. G. Welcker’s der epische Cyclus (Bonn,

vol. i, 1835: vol. ii, 1849: vol i, 2nd edition, 1865). . The

Appendix to Monro’s Homer’s Odyssey xii~xxiv (pp. 340 ff.)

deals with the Cylic poets in relation to Homer, and a clear

and reasonable discussion of the subject is to be found in

Croiset’s Hist. de la Littérature Grecque vol. i.

xlvili

as) :

BAB Sak ong

HSIOAOY EPPA KAI HMEPAI

Modoas Ieepinbev aovdjow Kretovaat

dedte, A’ évvérrete, ohétepov TaTép vpvetovoar

bvTe Sta Bpotol avdpes ows apatot Te haTot Te,

pyntot T appntot te Aros peyddoto Exnte.

¢ / \ \ if CF Oe 4 / |

péa pev yap Spider, péa dé Bpirdovta yaderres, 5

din) > Pee ) / ig \ CP a, Be

peta & apitnrov muvvdes Kal adnrov aé€er,

CoA ee + 3 va \ \ ] J /

pela O€ T (Ovver oKONLOV Kal aynvopa Kaper

Levs wriBpeuéerns, 05 UTéptata S@paTta vaies.

los 3 \ >A. / 9, sp, / :

KADOL tO@v aiwy Te, dikn O iOuve Oéusatas :

4 b] \ J / 3 ig / ej

‘ |

Turn: éy@ Oé Ke, Ilépon, érntupa pvOnocaipny. 10)

OvK apa podvov énv “Epid@y yévos, adr’ éri

yatav

IN PY, \ / b) i /

clot SVM THY MeV KEV eTTALVeToELE VONTAS,

a © 3 / LY » tae

1 O émipopntyn dia & avdrya Ovpov Eyovaw.

i) bev yap TONEMOV TE KaKOV Kal OnpLY OPeAXet,

axeTAin? ovTIs THY ye Pirel BpoTos, aAN vr

aVvayKnNs 15

aOavatov BovrAnow “Kpw timace Bapetav.

Thv © eTépnv mpotéony pev éyeivato Nvé&

épeBevyn, :

One S€ pv Kpovidns trifuyos, aibéps vaiwv,

yains év pi€nat, Kat avdpdor ToAAOV apelva*

TE KAL ATAAAMOV TEP OMMs emt Epryov eryepev. 20

2

Perey

sae Bi

HESIOD’S WORKS AND DAYS

Muses of Pieria who give glory through song,

come hither, tell of Zeus your father and chant his

praise. Through him mortal men are famed or un-

famed, sung or unsung alike, as great Zeus wills. |

For easily he makes strong, and easily he brings

the strong man low; easily he humbles the proud

and raises the obscure, and easily he straightens the

crooked and blasts the proud, — Zeus who thunders

aloft and has his dwelling most high. Attend thou

_ with eye and ear, and make judgements straight

_ with righteousness. And I, Perses, would tell of

true things.

So, after all, there was not one kind of Strife

alone, but all over the earth there are two. As for

the one, a man would praise her when he came to

understand her; but the other is blameworthy : and

they are wholly different in nature. For one fosters

evil war and battle, being cruel: her no man loves ;

_ but perforce, through the will of the deathless gods,

men pay harsh Strife her honour due. But the other

is the elder daughter of dark Night, and the son of

Cronos who sits above and dwells in the aether, set

her in the roots of the earth: and she is far kinder to

men. She stirs up even the shiftless to toil; for «

aaah 3

B 2

HESIOD

ELS ere pov yep Tis TE iOwv Epyoro varices !

TOVTLOV, OS oIrEevoee Mev cipoprevaue NOE purevely

oixov T ev OécOau: Enrol O€é TE yelTOVva yettov

els adevos oamevdovt: ayaby 8 “Epis Hoe

Sporotow.

Kab KEPApevs Kepael KOTEEL Kal TEKTOVL TEKTOD,

Kal TT@XOS TTOXD pOovéer KaL aOLoos aoLo@.

5) Ilépon, OU be TadTa Te@ évixaTOeo Oud,

pndé ao "Hpis Kaxoxaptos amr épyou Oupov € épvKot

velnce OmeTrevovT’ ayopiis eTAKOUOD € cova.

apn yap T Ody TéXETAL VEUKE@Y a ayopewy TE,

@TUWE [LH Bios évoov é emneTavos KaTaKelT at

apaios, TOV yata pépet, Anpirepos aT HD.

TOU KE Koper a dusvos VELKEa Kat Sijpuv ¢ obérXoes

KTHWAG é€% GAANOTploLs' aot O ovKEeTL SeUTEPOY

ECTAL

@S Epdeww: ArAN avs dtaxpwwopeba veiKos

iOeinar Sixns, ait éx Atds elowy Aprorat.

On pev yap deh fjpov édacoducl’, ANNA TA” TONG

aprratov epopers péeya Kvdaivov Baciijas

Swpopayous, ov THVOE dixnv €OéXovet diKacoas.

VNT LOL, ove i icacw bdo@ ™EOV TLLOV TAVTOS

ovd dcop éy parany Te Kal aopoveho pey overap.

“Kpuparrepyap Exovet Beot Biov avOpeToirw"

pydtas yap Kev Kal eT HuaTte épydacato,

@OTE TE KELS evIQUTOV Exel Kal depryov éovTa:

ainpd KE m™Oadtov pev UTrep KaTvov ckaTtaleto,

géoya Booy & amoXolTO Kal HLOV@Y TANAEPYoV.

anda Leds Expuire YoNwaapmevos ppeotv NOL,

OTTe poy eCararnoe Hpopnbeds QYKVNOMLH TNS"

Tobvex ap avOpe@Troiow éunoato Kndea NUYpa.

1 CF: xarl(wy, other MSS. 2 Guyet: &\Aa te, MSS.

WORKS AND DAYS

_ “man grows eager to work when he considers his }_

_. neighbour, a rich man who hastens to plough and ;

; plant and put his house in good order fand neighbour, ak

«~ vies with his neighbour as he hurries after wealth. ,

his Strife is wholesome for men.) And potter is an gryl

/ with potter, and craftsman with craftsman, and beggar * \

_ { is jealous of beggar, and minstrel of minstrel. _

Perses, lay up these things in your heart, and do

not let that Strife who delights i in mischief hold your

heart back from work, while you peep and peer and

listen to the wrangles of the court-house. Little con-

cern has he with quarrels and courts who has not a

year's victuals laid up betimes, even that which the

earth bears, Demeter’s grain. When you have got

plenty of that, you can raise disputes and strive to

get another’s goods. But you shall have no second

chance to deal so again: nay, let us settle our dis-

- pute here with true judgement which is of Zeus and

is perfect. For we had already divided our inherit-

ance, but you seized the greater share and carried

it off, greatly swelling the glory of our bribe-swallow-

ing lords who love to judge such a. cause as this.

Fools! They know not how much more the half is

than the whole, nor what great advantage there is

2 mallow and asphodel. i

For the gods keep hidden from men the means of _

> ost wonts easily do work enough in aday to”

y you for a full year even without working ; soon

veal you put away your rudder over the smoke,

and the fields worked by ox and sturdy mule would

run to waste. But Zeus in the anger of his heart

hid it, because Prometheus the crafty deceived him ;

therefore he planned sorrow and mischief against

1 That is, the poor man’s fare, like ‘‘ bread and cheese.”

HESIOD

/ \ n \ \ OF > \ fp rts Pru res

Kptrwe 6€ wip: TO pwev avTLs évs Tats LatreToto 5h

éxrew”’ avOpedrrotat Aros Tdpa ponTloevTos Ot

év Kothk@ vapenkt Aadov Aia TEPTLKE PAVLOV.

Tov 6€ Xodwa dpevos mpooepn vehednyepeta Levs:

‘Lasretvovion, TAY TOY Tre pt pended El0as, |

Kabpers TUP Kheyas Kal epas ppévas NT EPOTEVT AS, 55h

colT avT@ weve Thyme Kal avdpdou ea copEevola wy.

toils 6 éy@ avtl mupos d@o@ KaKOV, @ KEV

ATAVTES

TEPTOVTAL Kare Oupoyv éov KaKkov app ayaTrovrTes.

‘Os épat é« 8 éyéXacce Tratip avopov TE

Oeay Te. |

“Hoatotov & éxéXevoe meptkduTov OTTL TaXLTTA 60

yaiav Boer dupe, év 0 avOp@mov Oéwev avonv |

kal cbévos, aBavatns bé Oehs eis Ora eioKew

mapOeviens KaXov eidos érnpatov: avTtap AOnynv

epya Ot OarKhoat, TOAVOaLOaNOV loTOv vpaivew"

Kal ape appuxent Keparyn Xpusenv ‘Ad@pooditny 65.

Kal TOCov apyaneov Kal ¥ YULoxepous percdwvas* |

ép o€ Dé pwev KUVEOY TE VOOV Kal éTriKXOTOV 7005

‘Eppeinv voye, Ssadxtopov ‘Apyeidhovryp.

A! Ds pal! o 2 éidovto Aul Kpovieove QVAKTL.

abtixa © éK yains TAAGTOEY KAVTOS “Appuyyrjers 70.

Taplév@ aidoun ¢ ixerov Kpovidewm dia Bovras:

Gace Oé Kal Koofinoe Dea yravKomis AOnvy:

appl d€ Ob Xapures te Deal Kal TOTVLA Ted

Oppous xpucetous Eecav ypoi* appl d€ THY ye

*Opat KaXMKO {LOL ore pov avleow elapwoiow" 75

[wavra Sé of xpot Kdopov édippoce Taddas

AO jun. ]

év 0 apa ot oTnlerat Oude Topos “Apycipovrns

wevdea 0 aipurtous Te Adyous Kal émixroTrov HO0S

6

WORKS AND DAYS

men. He hid fire; but that the noble son of

Iapetus stole again for men from Zeus the counsellor

in a hollow fennel-stalk, so that Zeus who delights

in thunder did not see it. But afterwards Zeus who

gathers the clouds said to him in anger :

‘‘Son of Iapetus, surpassing all in cunning, you

are glad that you have outwitted me and stolen fire

—a great plague to you yourself and to men that

shall be. But I will give men as the price for fire

an evil thing in which they may all be glad of heart

while they embrace their own destruction.”

So said the father of men and gods, and laughed

aloud. And he bade famous Hephaestus make haste

and mix earth with water and to put in it the voice

and strength of human kind, and fashion a sweet,

lovely maiden-shape, like to the immortal goddesses

in face; and Athene to teach her needlework and

the weaving of the varied web; and golden Aphro-

dite to shed grace upon her head and cruel longing

and cares that weary_the limbs. And he charged

Hermes the guide, the Slayer of Argus, to put in

her a shameless mind and a deceitful nature.

So he ordered. And they obeyed the lord Zeus

the son of Cronos. Forthwith the famous Lame God

moulded clay in the likeness of a modest maid, as the

son oi Cronos purposed. And the goddess bright-

eyed Athene girded and clothed her, and the divine

Graces and queenly Persuasion put necklaces of gold

upon her, and the rich-haired Hours crowned her

head with spring flowers. And Pallas Athene

bedecked her form with all manner of finery. Also

the Guide, the Slayer of Argus, contrived within her

lies and crafty words and a deceitful nature at the

7

HESIOD

[revEe Ads BovrAjos PBapuxtitov: évd apa

daovny | |

Onxe Oeav Knpv€, ovopinve d€ THVOE yuvaira 8¢

Tlavow@pny, ott TAVTES ‘Odvprria S@par exovTes

S@ pov cdwpnoay, TH avopaow andnorhnow.

Avtap érret Oodov atTuv aun XAVOV eeTédecoen,

ELS "Erin Pea TET mar hp KAUTOV ‘A pyeipovrny

da@pov ayovta, JOedy Tayvy ayyedov: ovd *Em-

pndevs 85

éeppacal’, as Ol éeLTre TpopnOevs Ha) TOTE 6a pov |

déEac0at Tap Znvos ‘Oduperrion, arn arom Emme

éforricw, wn Tov TL KaKxov Ovntotct yéevnTaL.

auTap 0 deEdpevos, OTe 67) KaKoV ely’, évdncer. :

II piv peev yap Fw@er ov emi yGovi hun’ avOporrav 90

vor py aTep TE KAKOV Kal aTEp yaNETrOLO TOVOLO |

VOUT @V f apyareor, ait avdpact Kijpas EOWKAD.

Laivva yap €V KAKOTHTL Sporot KaTarynpac Kove. |

GNA yun Xelperor midou peya TOL aerova a =

éoxedac avOpwnotot o €paj Taro KHnOEa NUYPAa. 95

povvn © avTot EAmis év dppnxtotar Soporow

évoov éustuve TiOov vTO YetreoL, OVE Ovpate

Ige/ / \ 3) f dep AN ,

eEéerrtn mpocbev yap émeddaBe* Tawa TiOoLO

[airyvoyou Bovrjor Auos vedehnyepeTao. ] |

adnra oe pupia huypa KAT avOpwrous ahardnrat 100

Tein pev yap yata KAKOV, Tein O¢ Oddaoca: |

votaoot © avOparoow ed hépn, at O emt vuxTti

avToMaToL hotTact KaKa OvnTotor Pépovoas

auyn, émel hwvny éEeineTo pytieta Levs.

oUTws ovTL Ty Eats Atos voov é€areacBat. 105

1 CHK and Plutarch: émwédAaBe, DFIL: eéréuBare,

EHNOPQ.

8

WORKS AND DAYS

will of loud thundering Zeus, and the Herald of the

gods put speech in her. (And_he called this woman | /

“) b) 9 4 INN e a

YVAXKELOV TOLNG , OVK apyUpew@ OvdEV OMOLoY,

’ A l Chay e ” |

éx pedav, detvov Te Kal GBptmov: olaw Apnos 14

/ eg / Sie hey, 3Q/ A

goy ewerev oTovoevTa kai UBpies: ovdE TL TiTOV

of 5) 3. Ns BY4 / /

noOvov, arr’ adauavTos Eyov Kpatepodpova Ovpor,

” / \ , ‘ \ a 7

admragtot peydrn oé Bin Kal yeipes datTot

3 y b J Ju iN a }

€E€ apwv eTéepuKov ET oTLPApOloL MédET OLD.

Tav © nv yadKea pev TEVYEA, YAAKEOL GE TE OLKOL 15)

A 3

Yark@ © eipyalovro: pédas 8 ovK Exxe alOnpos.

: |

Kat Tol pev yelpecow Uo odetépnat SapevTes

a / a /

Bioay €s edpwevta dojmov Kpvepov ‘Atdao

veovupvor Odvatos Sé Kal éxTayNous Tep éovTas

/ \ > » Wines! ae > / ia

ciXe wéXas, AapTrpov O EALTTOV aos HEALOLO. 15!

Av’tap érel kal TovTO yévos KATA yat éxdduWer,

avtis ét aXXo TéTAPTOV él YOovt movAUBoTELpN

/

Zevs Kpovidns toince, Suxarotepov Kal dpevor,

WORKS AND DAYS

| | lived only a little time and that in sorrow because of __

| their foolishness, for they ‘could not keep from

| sinning and from wronging one another, nor would

| they serve the immortals, nor sacrifice on the holy

} altars of the blessed ones as it is right for men to do

| wherever they dwell. Then Zeus the son of Cronos

| was angry and put them away, because they would

} not give honour to the blessed gods who live on

} Olympus.

But when earth had covered this generation also

—they are called blessed spirits of the underworld

| by men, and, though they are of second order, yet

} honour attends them also—Zeus the Father made a

| third generation of mortal men, a brazen race, sprung

from ash-trees !: ; and it was in no way equal to the

| silver age, but was terrible and strong. They loved

} the lamentable works of Ares and deeds of violence ;

| they ate no bread, but were hard of heart like

| adamant, fearful men. Great was their strength

| andy unconquerable the arms which grew from their

| shoulders on their strong limbs. Their armour was

| of bronze, and their houses of bronze, and of bronze

| were their implements: there was no black iron.

| These were destroyed by their own hands and passed

| to the dank house of chill Hades, and left no name :

terrible though they were, black Death seized them,

| and they left the bright light of the sun.

But when earth had covered this generation also,

Zeus the son of Cronos made yet another, the fourth,

upon the fruitful earth, which was nobler and more

1 Kustathius refers to Hesiod as stating that men sprung

‘*from oaks and stones and ashtrees.” Proclus believed that

the Nymphs called Meliae (Theogony, 187) are intended.

Goettling would render: ‘‘ A race terrible because of their

(ashen) spears.”

‘3

HESIOD

avopav npwwv Oeiov yévos, of KaNEOVTAL |

7b €oL, mporépn ryeven KAT ameipova. yatav. 16)

wal TOUS pev TONE LOS TE KAKOS Kal muAOTS ain, :

TOUS pev UP eT TATUNG OnBy, Kadumio. yain,

Odece papvapevous papvov ever’ Oideroda0,

Tous O€ Kal év vnecow Umép pméeya Raita Oa-

Adoons |

és Tpotny aryaryov “Erévns vex HuKopoco. 16)

évO Hrot TOUS pev OavaTov TENS dupendduyre, —

Tois O€ OLY’ a0 paTrav Biotov Kal Ge om aa cas

Levs Kpovtdns KaTévaooe TaTnp és meipata

yains. a

Kai Tot pev vatovaly annoea Oupov éxovtes 17

év pak apo vi}TOLoe map ‘OKeavov Babuoivny,

drBtoL HPWES, TOLTLW perdandea Kapmov

Tpis €reos Oadrovta héper feidwpos o apoupa. | 17a

TnAOD at alavatwv: Totaw Kpovos éuBaci-

| ever! 169)

Tov yap Oec poly éXvce TalTHp avdpav Te Bewy Te. 169")

Total © opas vleatots Tin [Kal KDdOS OTNdel. 169"

[léumrrov & attis ér a&|AXo yévos OjK [edptoTra |}

Zeus 169°)

avopov, ot | yeyaaow ert [xGovt sTovAuBoretpn. ] 1699

MyKér érert’ apehrov éy@ TEMTT OLS b peTelvar 174)

avdpaow, arr mpocbe Oavety H Emetta ‘ye-

véo Oat. 175)

yov yap 61 yévos éatl oLOnpeov OvdE TOT Huap

TavovTaL” Kam“aTou Kal oLfvos, OVSE TL VUKT@P

1 Preserved only by Proclus, from whom some inferior

MSS. have copied the verse. The four following lines occur

only in Geneva Papyri No. 94. For the restoration of

ll. 169 b-c see Class. Quart. vil. ee

2B: matvoovta, MSS.

14

WORKS AND DAYS

| righteous, a god-like race of hero-men who are called |

i demi-gods, the race before our own, throughout the |

| boundless earth. Grim war and dread battle des-

| troyed a part of them, some in the land of Cadmus

| at seven-gated Thebe when they fought for the

| flocks of Oedipus, and some, when it had brought

| them in ships over the great sea gulf to Troy for

| rich-haired Helen’s sake: there death’s end en-

| shrouded a part of them. But to the others father Zeus

} the son of Cronos gave a living and an abode apart

| from men, and made them dwell at the ends ot

} earth. And they live untouched by sorrow in the

} islands of the blessed along the shore of deep swirl-

_ ing Ocean, happy heroes for whom the grain-giving

| earth bears honey-sweet fruit flourishing thrice a

| year, far from the deathless gods, and Cronos rules

" over them ; for the father of men and gods released

| him from his bonds. And these last equally have

| honour and glory.

And again far-seeing Zeus made yet another gene-

| ration, the fifth, of men who are upon the bounteous

earth. |

Thereafter, would that I were not among the men

of the fifth generation, but either had died before or

been born afterwards. For now truly is a race of iron,

and men never rest from labour and sorrow by day,

and from perishing by night ; and the gods shall lay

15

HESIOD

/ \ \ eek: ec ice 6s PEN

bberpopevor. YareTras O€ Geo dwoover pepipmvas:

3 > + \ va) / ? 5 a

ANN’ éumrns Kal Tolor pmeueiEetat éoOXa KaKOloL.

\ EEE, \ a / s' b) U

Zevs & od€cet Kal TovTo yévos pepoTrav avOpo-

TOV, 3 | 18¢

RP > X / / / |

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0vbé KaciyynTos pidos EcoEeTAal, WS TO TAPOS TeEp.

ainwva O€ ynpdoKovTas ATLLATOVOL TOKHAS: 185

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ynpavTecat ToKedalv amo OperTypa Soiev

, cf ate ing Ty ) Y

yerpodixas Etepos 6 ETépov Tod é€araTaéet.

“OW Ae 7 / y > Ve ! |

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NevKolow hdpecat KaduWapéeva Kpoa KaNov

7 / \ a / t aS B.%

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TOUS

Aiéas cat Néwects: ta dé Neietas dAyea AVypa 200

Ovntots avOp@moct: Kaxov © ovK EcoEeTal AXKN. |

1 Tr. : dvépa tiyunoovot, MSS. ~.%

16

WORKS AND DAYS

sore trouble upon them. But, notwithstanding, even

these shall have some good mingled with their evils.

And Zeus will destroy this race of mortal men also

when they come to have grey hair on the temples at

their birth.1 The father will not agree with his child-

ren, nor the children with their father, nor guest

with his host, nor comrade with comrade; nor will

brother be dear to brother as aforetime. Men will

dishonour their parents as they grow quickly old, and

will carp at them, chiding them with bitter words,

hard-hearted they, not knowing the fear of the gods.

They will not repay their aged parents the cost of

their nurture, for might shall be their right: and

one man will sack another's city. There will be no

favour for the man who keeps his oath or for the

just or for the good ; but rather men will praise the

evil-doer and his violent dealing. Strength will be

right and reverence will cease to be; and the

wicked will hurt the worthy man, speaking false

words against him, and will swear an oath upon

them. Envy, foul-mouthed, delighting in evil, with

scowling face, will go along with wretched men one

and all. And then Aidés and Nemesis,? with their

sweet forms wrapped in white robes, will go from

the wide-pathed earth and forsake mankind to join

the company of the deathless gods: and bitter

sorrows will be left for mortal men, and there will

be no help against evil.

t7.e. the race will so degenerate that at the last even

a new-born child will show the marks of old age.

2 Aidos, as a quality, is that feeling of reverence or shame

which restrains men from wrong: Nemesis is the feeling of

righteous indignation aroused especially by the sight of the

wicked in undeserved prosperity (cf. Psalms, lxxii. 1-19).

17

©

oef.?

HESIOD

A 5 a / /

Nov © aivoy Baciredaw épéw Ppovéovat Kat

aUTOLS*

«© » Id b) f f

@O ipnE TpocéerTev andova TroLKtdodeLpov

Ue pan’ ev vehéecor hépwv ovvyerot pepwapTos:

e a b 3 7;

i) & €deov, yvaymtoios wemappevn app ovv-

VETOL, | |

/ \ GT Sait if ‘ an +

pupeTo: THY OY émiKpaTéws Tpos pUOOY EELTrEV’

if / if \

Aatpovin, ti NEANKAaS; Exel VV GE ToAXAOD

J, 6

apeLwv*

a > ieee) « > NX > , / Ng X eae)

Th © €is, 7 0 av éyw TED ayw Kal aoLdoy éovcar’

NUA ? 3/ > If/ / aN us

deitrvoy 6, ai x €BéXw, Toinoopar Hé peOnoo.

bY edi Gg IAS \ / > ,

addpov 6, 6s « eOéX\n Mpos Kpetacovas avTiept-

Ceuv* | 2109

, Ys / >] By, 7 f

viKnsS TE TTEPETAL POS T alayeoW adNyea TATYEL.

e /

‘Os Efar’ axumétns ipnE, TavvaitTepos Gpvis.

205 8

°Q, Ilépon, ov 8 adxove dixns, pnd vBpw

opedre :

UBpis yap Te Kak SetX@ Bpot@: ovde pev écOr0s

¢ yf id Sh = “1g 66 Ot > - a ‘

pyro0tws hepeuev OvvaTat, BapvOer d€ O vm avThs 215)

éyxupaas atyaww: odos 0 étépnde mapedOetv |

TF 2 Ni ANY / 9 Ae y

KpeLaowy es Ta Otxata: Aixn & vmép” T Bptos ioyvet

és TéXOS EFEADODTA: Trab@DV Sé TE VHTLOS eyVM.

avTixa yap tpéyer” OpKos dua oxorsnae dixnow.

an \ J Cs e VA Wy 2) Oy ” |

THs O€ Atxns poGos EXKOMEVNS, 1) K avopes aywor 220

dwpopayot, cxoduns O€ dixns Kpivmat DéwoTas.

& > ae I / ASF la

i) © évetat KAXalovca TOA Kal HOea Ka@D,

“népa écoauevn, Kaxov avOpa@rotoe pépovea,}

ol Te pv €EeAAowoL Kal ovK LOciay everpar.

O? dé dtxas Ecivoucs kal évdnuoror S1d0deWW 925 |

Wetas Kai or} Te TapexRaivovat StKaiov, |

ta) VA / \ ye n b] > cas 7

Toltat TEOnAE TrOALS, Aaol 6 avOedaw év avTH:

18

WORKS AND DAYS

And now I will teli a fable for princes who,

themselves understand. Thus said the hawk to the

nightingale with speckled neck, while he carried her

high uy up among the clouds, gripped fast in his talons,

and she, pierced by his crooked talons, cried pitifully.

To her he spoke disdainfully : “ Miserable thing, why

do youcry out? One far stronger than you now

holds you fast, and you must go wherever I take ~

you, songstress as you are. And if I please I will

make my meal of you, or let you go. He is a fool who

tries to withstand the stronger, for he does not get

the mastery and suffers pain besides his shame.” So

said the swiftly lying hawk, the long-winged bird.

But you, Perses, Heton to right and do not foster

violence ; for violence is bad for a poor man. Even

the prosperous cannot easily bear its burden, but, is

weighed down under it when he has fallen HtO |

delusion. The better path is to go by on the other

side towards justice ; for Justice beats Outrage when

she comes at length to the end of the race. But only

when he has suffered does the fool learn this. For

Oath keeps pace with wrong judgements. There is

a noise when Justice is being dragged in the way

where those who devour bribes and give sentence

with crooked judgements, take her. And _ she,

wrapped in t, follows to the city and haunts of

the people, cae and bringing mischief to men, ©

even to such as have driven her forth in that they

did not deal straightly with her.

But they who give straight judgements to strangers

and to the men of the land, and go not aside from

what is just, their city flourishes, and the people

ne

e 2

HESIOD

a / o 3 A lal / 0 ? a : A

elpnvn 0 ava yhv Kovpotpodos, ovdé ToT avTots :

3 / / / aor Y | |

dpryaAcov TONE LOD Texpaiperat ebpvoTa Levs :

ovdé ToT LOvdiknas weT avdpadat Amos Onde 230

>> »¥ / \ / ’/ ie

0v0 aT, Paring dé mEeUNAOTA Epya vEMoVTAL. :

x y \ an \ , oo” oe 5 a

Totat Peper pméev yala troAvy BLov, ovpect Oe OpUS |

> l lA / , \ , :

axpn mwév Te Hepes Baddvous, meron O€ periccas:

b) / 7 9/ fa /

elpoToKoL © les padrdols KaTaBeBpibacuy:

pom: Otes padhois KaTaBesp ;

TIKTOUGLY O€ YUVALKES EOLKOTA TEKVA YoVEvoLVY? 235

, Sai n VA bh a: Nah 2 Jame a

Gaddrovow & ayabotor dvapmepés: ovd emt vnoY

, \ I L

viocovrat, KapTrov dé héper Ceidwmpos apoupa.

® \ VA

Ois oO bBpis Te weuNnre KaKH Kal oYETMLA Epya,

an lf

Tos dé dtxnv Kpovidns texpaipetar evpvotra Levs.

; (4 an \

ToAAaKs Kat Evptaca mods KAaKOD aVopos ~

aT nupa, . 2408

py / 1 NE ce 6 ,

Os Kev ANtTpaivn! Kal aTadoGara pyYavaarTa.

a Kata. an ,

Totcw © ouvpavobev méy’ éerryyaye Hua Kpovioy

: 2 € a le

ALLOY OMOD Kat NoLmoV: aTrobOwvOover SE Nal.

ovoé yuvatKes TiKTOVGLY, wLVvOOUGL O€ OiKOL s

\ 3

Lnvos ppadpoovyynow 'OdvpTtou: adNdoTE O avTE 245

i) TOV YE OTPATOV EvpLV ATWAETEV 7 O YE TELYOS

3 ji Ud A

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abavatoe ppavlovtar, Gao. oxodthot SiKNoLV 250

) / l A 2k eee

adrAnXovs TpLBovot Oewv OTL OVK aANEYOVTES.

\ N M4 /

Tpls yap pupLot elow él yOovi TovrAuPorTELpy

b) / GZ \ ih la > /

aGavatot LZyvos dvrXakes Ovyntav avOpeTarv

Y f

ot pa duAdocovoly Te dtkas Kal OXETALA Epya

/ lal i) . ~

népa EToaMEVvolL, TAVTH POLT@VTES ET Ala. 255

1 Aeschines : és Tis dAttpatver, MSS.

20

WORKS AND DAYS

prosper in it: Peace, the nurse of children, is abroad

in their land, and all-seeing Zeus never decrees

cruel war against them. Neither famine nor disaster

ever haunt men who do true justice; but light-

heartedly they tend the fields which are all their

care. The earth bears them victual in plenty, and

on the mountains the oak bears acorns upon the

top and bees in the midst. Their woolly sheep

are laden with fleeces; their women bear children

like their parents. They flourish continually with

good things, and do not travel on ships, for the

grain-giving earth bears them fruit.

But for those who practise violence and cruel

deeds far-seeing Zeus, the son of Cronos, ordains

a punishment. Often even a whole city suffers

for a bad man who sins and devises presumptuous

deeds, and the son of Cronos lays great trouble upon

the people, famine and plague together, so that

the men perish away, and their women do not bear

children, and their houses become few, through the

contriving of Olympian Zeus. And again, at another

time, the son of Cronos either destroys their wide

army, or their walls, or else makes an end of their

ships on the sea.

You princes, mark well this. punishment you also;

for the deathless gods are near among men and

mark all those who oppress their fellows with crooked ~~.

judgements, and reck not the anger of the gods.

For upon the bounteous earth Zeus has thrice ten

thousand spirits, watchers of mortal men, and these

keep watch on judgements and deeds of wrong as

they roam, clothed in mist, all over the earth. And

21

/

es

HESIOD

e b€ / 3 N / S 3 A

n O€ TE mapOévos éotl Aven, Atos exyeyauia,

Kyspn e aidoin Te Geav;' of "OXvprTrov é eXouct.

Kat p omoT av Tis py Cénie TKON@S OVOTACMY,

avr ika, Tap Aut tatpt abelouern Kpoviav |

ynpueT’ avO pom wy GOLKOV VOOD, ode amotion 260|)

On j.0s ataclanrias Bacthéwr, of Auypa VOEUVTES |

adnry TApKMYODL OLKAS TKOALOS EVETTOVTES.

TavtTa dvraccopuevot, BacirgHs, iOuvere +oiKas *

dSwpopdyot, oKkorewy dé dixéwv? él mayyu

Nabec be.

Ot “ avT@® Kaka TevyeL avnp GAAMW KaKa |

TEVNOD, 2658

n 0€ KaKn BovrAN TO Rovredoavre KaKiorn.

dvra iSev Ards odOarpos Kal wadvTa vonoas

J 7&9 M0195 Sy: >) 3 J a Qifv€ /

Kai VU TAO, aK eOEXNO’, értdépKET aL, OVOE € ANOEL,

oS \ \ / if / b \ EBA

oinyv dn Kab THYdE StKNY TOALS EVTOS EEpYel. |

a Ne EN pity rea ee) SR , ,

vov oi éy@ pnt autos év avOp@troict OtKaLOS 270

einy LAT €[u0s ViOs* €Tréel KAKOV avopa SiKaLov |

CHEV aL, el peilen 7e diKNY OLR OT EPOS efeu:

ANNA TAY OV To éoX7ra TENELy Ata panrioevTa.

"0 Ilépon, cu oé€ tatta peta ppect Baddeo

oHCL, |

Kat VU Oixns € CT AKOUVE, Bins & émridnOeo mapa. 2754

Tovde yap avOp@rroiae vopov SréeTake Kpoviwy —

ityOvat ev Kat Onpal Kal ot@vots TeTENnVvots

5) J 44 b) / b) \ ’ if > AF a ? 5

éoOéuev** adXAHXOUS, Eel OU OLKN EOTL [MET

auTots*

1 Ox. Pap. 1090: @eots, MSS.

2 CHD etc. (Ox. Pap. BaaiAjjs) : other MSS. read pvéous.

3 Ox Pap. : &i«év MSS.

4 Clement of Alexandria, Rzach: éo6ew, MSS. |

5 A, Plutarch, Aelian: per avtav, Clement, Porphyry:

per av..., Ox. Pap.: év avtois, MSS.

22

WORKS AND DAYS

there is virgin Justice, the daughter of Zeus, who is

honoured and reverenced among the gods who

dwell on Olympus, and whenever anyone hurts her ae

with lying slander, she sits beside her father, Zeus

the son of Cronos, and tells him of men’s wicked

heart, until the people pay for the mad folly of

their princes who, evilly minded, pervert judgement

and give sentence crookedly. Keep watch against

this, you princes, and make straight your judge-~

ments, you who devour bribes; put crooked judge-

ments altogether from your thoughts.

He does mischief to himself who does mischief to

another, and evil planned harms the plotter most.

The eye of Zeus, seeing all and understanding all,

beholds these things too, if so he will, and fails not

to mark what sort of justice is this that the city

keeps within it. Now, therefore, may neither I

myself be righteous among men, nor my son—for

then it is a bad thing to be righteous—if indeed the

unrighteous shall have the greater right. But I think

that all-wise Zeus will not yet bring that to pass.

But you, Perses, lay up these things within your

heart and listen now to right, ceasing altogether to

think of violence. For the son of Cronos has or-

dained this law for men, that fishes and beasts and

winged fowls should devour one another, for right is

not in them; but to mankind he gave right which

23

HESIOD

avOpaTroure oF edwxe StKny, 1) TONNOV aplorn

yiryverau: eb yap Tis K eOérn TA Sinan | aryopetdo a 280 :

YuyvacKer, TO pev T 6 Bov du608 evpvora, Zevs’

Os O€ KE paptupinat EKOV em LopKov omocaas -

Ypevoeras, ev O€ OLKnY Prarvas vnkec Tov aacon,

TOU 6€ T G:avportepn yeven jerome Neder TAL”

avodpos & evopKou reve) petomuabev a apetvor. 285

Sol & éym écOXad voéwmv epéw, pmeya vyntie

Ilépon.

THV LEV TOL KAKOTHTA Kal thadov éoTtiv EX€aOat

pnLoiws: ein pwev 000s, wdra © eyybOe vater

Ths © apeTyns topwota Ocot mpomapotGey EOnKay

abavatot: paxpos 6€ Kal GpOcos oipos és adTHY 290

Kab TPNXVS TO ™p@rov" émny © els ax pov iKNTQL, |

pneoin 61 é emelTa TmENEL, Karem ep éovaa.

Odtos peév TAVapLTTOS, OS avTos TAaVT a, vonon

Ppacc apevos, Ta K émerTa Kal és TéXOS How

aetva” | |

eo 0X05 6 a, KaKetvos, OS ev el TovTe miOnra 295 |

Os 6€ KE LNT AUTOS voen pT ddov aKovoV |

év upe Parryras, & 00 QUT axpnvos avnp.

GNAA TU yY HueTépns Ee“YNLEVOS alev ederpii

épyatev, Ilépon, Otov yévos, oppa oe Atpos :

ex Oaipn, prey bé a évatépavos Anuntnp ~~ 3007

aidotn, Buorov oe TEND TLUTEAHO b Kaden’

AupLos yap TOL TapTray aEpy@ atpupopos avopt.

T® 0€ Geol veweca@or Kal avépes, ¢ és Kev aepyos

ton, KnpyvEer ct cob ovpors elKENOS opyny,

ol TE peMooawy Kdparov Tpvxovow aepryot

éoSovres col 8 epya hin EoTw METPLA KOO MELD,

@S KE TOL Wpaiov BioTov TANOwWaL KaNLAL.

é& Epywv 0 avdpes TodAvmNArOL T Adpverot TE

24

.

305

WORKS AND DAYS

| proves far the best. For whoever knows the right_

ii) and is ready to speak it, far-seeing Zeus gives him

| prosperity ; but whoever deliberately lies in his wit-

| ness and forswears himself, and so hurts Justice and

sins beyond repair, that man’s generation is left

| obscure thereafter. But the generation of the man

who swears truly is better thenceforward.

To you, foolish Perses, I will speak good sense.

Badness can be got easily and in.shoals: the road to

her is smooth, and she lives very near us.. But be-

| tween us and Goodness the gods have placed the

| . sweat of our brows: long and steep is the path that

leads to her, and it is rough at the first; but when a

man has reached the top, then indeed. she is fee

though otherwise hard to reach.

That man is altogether best who eee. all

things himself and marks what will be better after-

wards and at the end; and he, again, is good who

listens to a good adviser ; but whoever neither thinks

for himself nor keeps in mind what another tells him,

he is an unprofitable man. But do you at any rate,

always remembering my charge, work, high-born

Perses, that Hunger may “hate you, oad venerable

Demeter richly crowned may love you and fill your

barn with food; for Hunger is altogether a meet

comrade for the sluggard. Both gods and men are

angry with a man who lives idle, for in nature he is

like the stingless drones who waste the labour of the

bees, eating without working; but let it be your care

to order your work properly, that in the right season

your barns may be full of victual. Through work men

grow rich in flocks and substance, and working they

25

HESIOD

Kal épyalopuevot modu dirtepor? abavatoiow. é

épyov & ovdev dvetdos, aepyin dé T dveLdos. all

et O€ Ke épyatn, Taxa ce Eni@oet aepyos i

TRouTedvTa: TovT@ O aperi) Kab Kidos omnoet._

Satpovs & otos énoOa, TO epyaver lan a GLELVor,

et Key aT aT Piov KTEAVOV deotppova Oupov 5)

els Epryov Tpepas [ENETAaS Biov, OS OE KEXEUO.

aides & ovK ayaby KeXPNLEVOV avdpa copier,

aides, 47 dvOpas pear civetat 70 ovina.

alows ToL pos avonNPin, Oapaos 6é pos GAGo,

Xpyyata 6 ovy apraxta, Geoodota wodXov |

apeiva. 30

él age TUS. Kab XEpat Bin peyav 6X Rov Ednra, BS

69 ato yrocons Ania eT a, old Te TOAAA

at eUT av 61 KEPOOS voov é€arratyon

avOpaTrov, aida O€ T avaloeiy KaTtoT atin’

pela bé pw pavpodor Jeot, puvoovar d€ OiKOV By |

avépt TO, Tavpov 6é T emt Ypovov GAXBos omNdEr.

icov © 6s & ixérny 6s Te Eeivovy Kaxov EpEn,

6s TE Kao WryvyTOLO é00 ava Oéuvia Baivy

KpUTTAaoins EVVT;S GdOX Ov, Tapakaipa peton,

bs Té TEV ag padins aduraiverat oppava TéKVa, —-333

6S TE yovha yépovTa KAaK@ ert yHpaos OVO@ |

verkein YareTroiot KaOamTomevos eTeEaoLV

7@ 7 TOL ZLevs avros aryabeT al, és 6€ TeAEUTHY

epyov avr aOLe@v Xarerny em eOnncev aporBny.

aia ov TOV wey TauTav eepy aeoippova

Ovjov. \ 33.

Kad Svivapwv © épdey (ép aBavatoior Geoiow

1 CFH: Epryaomevos . : . platepos, other MSS. Line 310,

éxoeat de Bpotors’ udAa Lai oTuyéoval &epyovs, is omitted by

ACD and Stobaeus.

26

SAE eae

WORKS AND DAYS

FT are much better loved by the immortals.!. Work is_

| no disgrace: it is idleness which is a disgrace. But

| if you work, the idle will soon envy you as you grow

| rich, for fame and renown attend on wealth. And

} whatever be your lot, work is best for you, if you

i) turn your misguided mind away from other men’s

| property to your work-and attend to your livelihood

as I bid you. An evil shame is the needy man’s

companion, shame which both greatly harms and

prospers men: shame is with poverty, but confidence

with wealth. ee.

Wealth should not be seized: god-given wealth

is much better; for if a man take great wealth

violently and perforce, or if he steal it through his

| tongue, as often happens when gain deceives men’s

| sense and dishonour tramples down honour, the

| gods soon blot him out and make that man’s

house low, and wealth attends him only for a little

time. Alike with him who does wrong to a sup-

pliant or a guest, or who goes up to his brother's bed

and commits unnatural sin in lying with his wife, or

who infatuately offends against fatherless children,

or who abuses his old father at the cheerless thres-

hold of old age and attacks him with harsh words,

truly Zeus himself is angry, and at the last lays on

him a heavy requittal for his evil doing. But do you

turn your foolish heart altogether away from these

things, and, as far as you are able, sacrifice to the death-

The alternative version is: ‘‘and, working, you will be

much better loved both by gods and men ; for they greatly

dislike the idle.”

27

HESIOD

€ la \ A Suis 2.3 \ / Sf

ayvas Kal Ka0apars, eri 6 ayaa pnpia Kate:

YA \ aA / , e /

adroTE O€ cTrovdnat Overt Te iiacKec Oat,

3 \ ae? 9 b) / Neh ON / e \ BY,

mpev OT euvaty Kal oT av paos (epov EXOn, zea

@S KE TOL ihaov kpadinu Kaul Oupov ExXworr, 3

6bp adroV OVA KX pOV, jon TOV TEOV aNXos. 1:

Tov d@iréovt’ ért daita carey, Tov 8 é&yOpov

éacat'

TOV Oe pddora Kanelv, as Tus o€Oev eyo paieu*

eb yap TOL Kal XpAye eyX@pvov ado YEVYTAL,

yetToves alwaros & EKLOD, [oo avo dé ™0b. 34

Tho KaKOS yelTon, bocov T arya os péey Overap. —

EHpope TOL TLMNS, és T Eupope yetTovos éoO nod.

ovd av Bots atroXOLT, Et 1) YELT@V KAKOS EN.

5 A uation) RN

ev ev peTpetaOar Tapa yElTOVOS, Ev 6 ATrOOODVaL, —

AUT@ TO METPW, KAL A@LOV, al KE OUYNAL, 85

@s av xpniser Kal €$ UaTepov apKLoV ebpys.

My KAKA KEPOALVvELy: wana KEepoea i ia’ aatnoww.

TOV dudéovta pirety, «al TP T POT Lovre T poo evar.

Kat Sopen, 6 Os Kev O@, KAaL pI) Soper, 6 6s Kev pn OO.

Sdtn pév Tis Boxer, dddTy & obtis Baxev. 351

PS \ b) @ 4 ef be / @ / } /

ws ayadn, aprraé O€ Kaxn, Gavatoto OoTeLpa.

A \ / STK, 20g 4 29 Pri ls § /

OS MeV yap Kev avnp ECENOD, O YE, KEL” MEYA COLN,

Yaipe. TO OM@pw Kal TépTreTas OV KATA OvpOV

OS. b¢ KEV avros EMT aL avad of

avnv Kal dLtepny apowy apoToto Ka? wpny, — 460)

\ iy / if YA ‘

Tpol pdr.a orevdwr, iva Tot TAHOwOW apoupat.

Hpt tone: Oépeos S€ vewpéevyn ov o aTraTHCEL.

velov 6€ oTreipey ete Koudifovaay apoupav: —

; \ b) / , b) ,

vetos adeEiapn Talowy evenANnTELpa. |

EbyeoOau dé Act y@ovie Anunrept 0 ayvn, 465 |

EKTENEA Bpidew Anpujrepos epov aKTqD, |

dipXopievos Ta Tm por dporov, OT av dx pov éyérans

Yetpt NaBov GpTynKa Bowv emt vaTov iknas

> e / / c \ \ v

évSpvoy EXKovT@v peadBav. o d€ TUTOOs dmiabe

du@os Exov waKxédAyv Tovoy opvidecat TiO Ein — 470

oTéppa KaTaxpuTTa@V: evOnwoovvn yap aptoTn.

36 /

\

WORKS AND DAYS

7 on his work. No younger man wili be better than

| he at scattering the seed and avoiding double-sow-

ing ; for a man less staid gets disturbed, hankering

! 3 after his fellows.

Mark, when you hear the voice of the crane! who

eries year by year from the clouds above, for she

gives the signal for ploughing and shows the season

| of rainy winter; but she vexes the heart of the

} man who has no oxen. Then is the time to feed up

your horned oxen in the byre ; for it is easy to say:

“Give me a yoke of oxen and a waggon,’ and it is

easy to refuse: “I have work for my oxen.” The

man who is rich in fancy thinks his waggon as good as

built already—the fool! he does not know that there

are a hundred timbers to a waggon. ‘Take care to

lay these up beforehand at home.

_ So soon as the time for ploughing is proclaimed to

men, then make haste, you and your slaves alike, in

wet and in dry, to plough in the season for plough-

ing, and bestir yourself early in the morning so that

your fields may be full. Plough in the spring; but

fallow broken up in the summer will not belie

your hopes. Sow failow land when the soil is still

| getting light: fallow land \is a defender from harm

and a soother of children.

Pray to Zeus of the Earth and to pure Demeter to

make Demeter’s holy grain sound and heavy, when

first you begin: ploughing, when you hold in your

hand the end of the plough-tail and bring down your

stick on the backs of the oxen as they draw on the ©

pole-bar by the yoke-straps. Let a.slave follow(a

- little’ behind with a mattock and make trouble for

the birds by hiding the seed; for good management

1 About the middle of November.

HESIOD

Ovntois avOp@rrois, KaKoOnpoovvn Sé KaKLoTN.

@Oé Kev adpootyn TTAaXVES VEevoLev Epate,

ef TéXOS avTOS dTiabev ‘OdvpTrLOs eo OAOV OT ACo1,

5) iis Is 2 Spo / NM

éx 0 ayyéov éddoelas apayvia: Kai ce GoATTAa’ = AF.

ynOnoew Buotouv aipevpevov évoov édvTos. |

evoyOéwy & (Feat Todwov Eap, ode POS AAAOUS

avydoeat céo 6 ANAOS aVNP KEYpNMEeVvOS EoTAL.

Ei 6é Kev jertoto TpoTrHs apows KOova Stay, |

HMEVOS AUNnTELS OAUYOV TrEpl yELPOS E€pyOV, 48(

‘avTia der pevov KEKOVLLEVOS, OV WANA Yalpov, 4

oicets © ev hope: mrabpor 6€ ce Onjoovrar.

adroTe © adrXolos Zyves voos airyoXoLo,

apyanéos 8 dvdpecat katabvntoter vonoar.

b) / AG TS. Dee / V4 if by

el O€ KEV ovr apoons, TOOE KEV TOL Pappwakov ein’ 485

7LOS KOKKVE KOKKUGEL Opuds év TETANOLOL

TO Tp@Tov, TéepTres de BpoTous eT aTELpoVAa yaiaV,

THwos Levs vor TpiT@ Huate pnd amodHnyot,

pnt ap wmrepBarr@v Boos oTAnVY LAT aToNeiTTOV:

e/ ie 2 f f af > / |

ovTwW K orapoTns TPwNpOTH * LaopaptCoL. 490}

5) a b) a / / VA /

év Oupo & ed ravta huracceo: pnoe ce AHOOL

[LnT éap yeryvopuevov ToALov nO” @ptos buPpos.

Ilap & io Xtc evov O@rov Kal era ea x

Opn Xetwepin, omore Kpvos avépa epyov

lox aver, év0a kK aoKVOS aynp meyer oikov opéAXot, 495

Ha oe KaKOD VY ELILOVOS apnxavin kaTapapyry

UV Tevinn, New TH d€ TAX DY 700 xeupl Tmuetys.

TOMAG © depos avnp, Keveny él €XTLOA MifLVOD,

vpnifwv Bvdtoo, Kaka mpocedcEaTo Ouuo.

|

4

1 Kirchoff : xponpétn, CD: rpwrnpdtn, GIKL. }

38

WORKS AND DAYS

| _ is the best for mortal men as bad management is the

| worst. In this way your corn-ears wall bow to the

| ground with fullness if the Olympian himself gives a

| good result at the last, and you will sweep the

cobwebs from your bins and you will be glad, I ween,

as you take of your garnered substance. And so you

will have plenty till you come to grey! springtime,

| and will not look wistful ly to others, but another

shall be in need of your help.

But if you plough the good ground at the solstice,?

you will reap sitting, grasping a thin crop in your

hand, binding the sheaves awry, dust-covered, not

glad at all; so you will bring all home in a basket

and not many will admire you. Yet the will of Zeus

who holds the aegis is different at different times ;

and it is hard for mortal men to tell it; for if you

should plough late, you may find this remedy—when

the cuckoo first calls? in the leaves of the oak and

makes men glad all over the boundless earth, if Zeus

should send rain on the third day and not cease until

‘it rises neither above an ox’s hoof nor falls short of it,

then the late-plougher will vie with the early. Keep

all this well in mind, and fail not to mark grey spring

as it comes and the season of rain.

Pass by the smithy and its crowded lounge in winter

time when the cold keeps men from field work,—for

then an industrious man can greatly prosper his

house—lest bitter winter catch you helpless and poor

and you chafe a swollen foot with a shrunk hand.

The idle man who waits on empty hope, lacking a

livelihood, poaps a full harvest of trouble in his heart ;

* Spring is so described because the buds have not ae cast

their iron-grey husks. -

2 In December. a Marehi eae

HESIOD

edmris & ovK ayals eX pH MEVOY avdpa Koper, 50)

Tpevov év Nox, TO 17) Btos a dpktos ein. ~ |

Acixvve dé Sudeoou Oépevs ete péroov éov Tos:

ovK atel Oépos eooetitat, TovetaVe KaNLas.

Miva 6€ Anvatdva, Kak nuata, Bovdopa

TaVvTa,

TovToV adrevacOal, Kal Thnydbas, aiT emt yaiav 508R

mvevaavtTos Bopéao duanreyées TeAeOovaW,

date Ova Opnkns immotpopov evpét TOVvT@ |

euTvevaas opwe: pemuKe dé yaia Kal DAN. ~

TOhhas bé dpvs inruxopous €haTas TE Taxelas |

oupeos ev Bnoons TiAva x Govt TmovhuBoretpn 510

éuTitTov, Kal Taca Bod TOTE ynpLTos Dyn.

Ofjpes O€ ppiccova’, ovpas & Umm0 pete eVevTo,

TOV Kal NaXYn Séppwa KaTacKLOV' ANAG VU Kal

TOV

uxpos é@v dvanat Sacvarépyer TEP eovTav.

Kal Te Ole fp pevov Boos ¢ EpXeTat, ovoée Page boxe 515.

Kal Te du aiva ano TAVUT PLX a.” TEA O ov Th,

obven’ ETNETAVAL TPLYES AUTAD, ov danaou

is avéjwov Bopéov: Tpoxahov dé Yépovta TtOnow.

Kat dia TrapOeviKs dm aXox poos ov Svanow, |

re Comer evtoabe didn Tapa: parepe piver = 20

ov To éprya tovia TOU X PUTOU ‘Ad poditns:

EU TE Nocroapern Tépeva Ypca Kat Aim éaiw

XpLoapevn puxin KATAREECTAL évd00t olxou

nuate xetuepi@, OT avéaTeos Ov Toda TEVdEL

ey T aTup@ oikw Kal nOeot Nevyaneotow. 525

OE of 1 HéALOS Cet ov oppnOnvac:

ovoé ot | nédLos SeiKVY voLoY OpunOh i“

1 Hermann ; od ydp oi, MSS.

40

WORKS AND DAYS

i) it is not an wholesome hope that accompanies a

t- needy man who lolls at ease while he has no sure

| livelihood.

| While it is yet midsummer command your slaves:

“It will not always be summer, build barns.”

| Avoid the month Lenacon,! wretched days, all of

| them fit to skin an ox, and the frosts which are cruel

when Boreas blows over the earth. He blows across

horse-breeding Thrace upon the wide sea and stirs it

up, while earth and the forest howl. On many a

high-leafed oak and thick pine he falls and brings

them to the bounteous earth in mountain glens:

then all the immense wood roars and the _ beasts

shudder and put their tails between their legs, even

those whose hide is covered with fur; for with his

bitter blast he blows even through them although

they are shaggy-breasted. He goes even through

an oxs hide; it does not stop him. Also he blows

through the goat’s fine hair. But through the

fleeces of sheep, because their wool is abundant, the

keen wind Boreas pierces not at all ; but it makes the

old man curved as a wheel. And it does not blow

through the tender maiden who stays indoors with her

dear mother, unlearned as. yet in the works of golden

Aphrodite, and who washes her soft body and anoints

herself with oil and lies down in an inner room

within the house, on a winter’s day when the Boneless

One? gnaws his foot in his fireless house and wretched

home ; for the sun shows him no pastures to make

1 The latter part of January and earlier part of February.

2 7,e, the octopus or cuttle.

Al

HESIOD

ANN’ ert Kvavéwor avdpav Ohmov TE TOALY TE

otpwpatat, Bpacov dé Llaverdrjvecor hacives.

Kab TOTE 01) KEPAOL KAL VHKEPOL UANKOLTAL

AUYpov puALO@YTES ava Spia BnoonevTa 53C

dhevyovow Kai Tacw évi Ppect TOUTO pEunrer, |

OS TKETA WALomEvoL TUKLVOVS KEevVOMaVAS Exot *

Kal yNadbu mwetphev: tote 6 Tpitrods BpoT@ icot,

ov T émi vaTa gaye, KapN O Eis OVOAaS OpaTaL,

T@ ixehor hoirdow, adevopevor vipa deveny. 535

Kal rote éocacdas é epuma Xp00s, @S TE KEAEVM, |

xraivay TE Hanraxny Kab TepjUoeyTa XiT@va:

oT LOVE & év TAUpo TONY KpoKa pnpvoacbas:

THY meprecoacbar, iva TOL TpPLXEs GT PEMEWS L, i)

pnd op0at dpiccwouy aetpopevar KaTa cHua. 5404

ce dé Togal wédtena Boos ids KTamevoto

apweva Ovoacbat, widows evtocbe TWUKaCCAaS.

Tporoyovev 5 épidbwv, omoT av Kpvos Petey

ErNOn,

Oeppara. Tuppanrew vevpw Boos, opp’ él vOTM |

VETOU appisary anenye Keparnoe & dmeplev 545

TtXov exer doKnTov, iy ovata pnp Karacevy® |

puxpn yap. T HOS TENETOL Bopéao TET OVTOS"

ne@Los 6 émt yaiap aT ovpavov do TEPOEVTOS |

ap Tupopopos TETATAL paKapov én epyous"

OoTE apuoaapevos TOTA POV ATO alevaovTar, 550

inpov umep yains apbels avéwoto Gvédry

Grote pev O ver Toth Ectrepov, AAAOT Anat

TuKva Opnixtov Bopéov védea kNovEovTos.

TOV POdpevos Epyov TEedéoas oiKovde véer Cat, |

1 Peppmuller ; ot... Zxovor, MSS.

A2

WORKS AND DAYS

for, but goes to and fro over the land and city of

| dusky men,! and shines more sluggishly upon the

whole race of the Hellenes. Then the horned and

unhorned denizens of the wood, with teeth chattering

pitifully, flee through the copses and glades, and all,

as they seek shelter, have this one care, to gain

thick coverts or some hollow rock.. Then, like the

Three-legged One? whose back is broken and whose

head looks down upon the ground, like him, I say,

they wander to escape the white snow.

Then put on, as [ bid you, a soft coat and a tunic

to the feet to shield your body,—and you should

weave thick woof on thin warp. In this clothe your-

self so that your hair may keep still and not bristle

and stand upon end all over your body. Lace on your

feet close-fitting boots of the hide of a slaughtered

ox, thickly lined with felt inside. And when the

season of frost comes on, stitch together skins of

firstling kids with ox-sinew, to put over your back

and to keep off the rain. On your head above wear

a shaped cap of felt to keep your ears from getting

wet, for the dawn is chill when Boreas has once made

his onslaught, and at dawn a fruitful mist is spread

over the earth from starry heaven upon the fields of

blessed men: it is drawn from the ever flowing

rivers and is raised high above the earth by wind-

storm, and sometimes it turns to rain towards

evening, and sometimes to wind when Thracian

Boreas huddles the thick clouds. Finish your work

and return home ahead of him, and do not let the

1 7.e. the dark-skinned people of Africa, the Egyptians or

Aethiopians.

2 7.e. an old man walking with a staff (the ‘“ third leg ”’—

as in the riddle of the Sphinx). 2

43

HESIOD

pn TroTé o ovpavobev o KOT OEY vepos appikarurn, Bae

Xpara dé pvdaréov Onn Kara 0 elwara, devoy.

GNX: drarevac0au pels yap XareroraTos OUTOS,

YeElmeplos, KareTos TpoBaTos, yaXeTros 0 avOpo-

TOUS.

TH [105 TWPLLTV Bovour, ém avépt de WEY ei |

appahehs: paxpal yap eippobor edppdvas eloiy. 560!

TAUTA puhac a opevos TETENET [LEVOV els eVLAUTOV

icoda bat VUKTAS Te Kal nwara, elo OKEV adres

YI) TAVTOV LNTHP KAPTOV TUMMLKTOV EVELKN.

ZZ

|) |

|

Rot’ ay 6 eEnKovTa pera TpoTas HEALOLO |

KeLpepe éxtenean Zeus pata, 67) pa TOT aoTnp 5659)

‘A pxTovpos T pOodeT wy ‘epov poov ‘Oxeavoto |

7 PWT OV Tappai vor em bTEANET GL aKpoKvEedasos.

Tov O€ héT OpOoyon Tavdzovis eo Opto Keoav

és paos avOpamous, € EapPOS veov Lo TAPEVOLO. |

Thy pOapevos olvas TeplTapyeper” Gs yap dewvor. 570 |}

"AN odor’ av hepéorxos azro eae on puta

Baivn |

[nudSas pevyor, TOTE 67 oKapos OUKETEL obvéwy”

aX apiras TE Kapaccepevar Kal Omaas € éryetpeuv-

pevryew dé oKtepous Ja@xous Kal em noa | KotTov

@pn év aunTtou, OTE T edtos Vpoa Kappet. ~* STag

TNMLOVTOS oTEvoELy Kal OLKAOE Ka,p TOV aryvetv

épOpov aviactapuevos, tva Tot Bios apxktos ein.

HOS yap Epyolo TpiTnV aTropelpeTat aicar,

OS TOL T poPepEl {Lev OOOD, ™ popepet dé Kat Bs,

N@S, NTE havetoa TONEAS em éRnoe KeNEvO ov

avo p@trous ToAXotct T etl Guya Bovol ec

; 1 Gerhard; 76, MSS.

44

i

} ph

—_

§ forthisis the hardest month, wintry, hard for sheep and

WORKS AND DAYS

dark cloud from heaven wrap round you and make

your body clammy and soak your clothes. Avoid it ;

hard for men. In this season let your oxen have half

their usual food, but let your man have more; for the

helpful nights‘are long. Observe all this until the

year is ended and you have nights and days of equal

length, and Earth, the mother of all, bears again her

various fruit.

When Zeus has finished sixty wintry days after

the solstice, then the star Arcturus! leaves the holy

stream of Ocean and first rises brilliant at dusk.

After him the shrilly wailing daughter of Pandion,

the swallow, appears to men when spring is just |

beginning. Before she comes, prune the vines, for

it is best so.

But when the House-carrier ? climbs up the plants

from the earth to escape the Pleiades, then it

is no longer the season for digging vineyards, but

to whet your sickles and rouse up your slaves.

Avoid shady seats and sleeping until dawn in the

harvest season, when the sun scorches the body.

Then be busy, and bringhome your fruits, getting up

early to make your livelihood sure. For dawn takes

away a third part of your work, dawn advances a man

on his journey and advances him in his work,—dawn

which appears and sets many men on their road, and

puts yokes on many oxen.

1 February to March.

2 7.e. the snail. The season is the middle of May.

45

HESIOD

"Hos. d€¢ oxodupos tT avdel Kat XeT a TéTTLE

Sevope@ epeloptevos eyupny KaTaXeveT aovony

TUKVOV UTO TTEPUYOV, Oépeos Kaparooceos & opn,

THOS TLOTATAL T aires Kal oivos AptaTOS,

payrotatar oé HES adhavpotatot o€ TOL

avo pes

elo lv, érret Keparny Kal youvara Selpuos ater,

avanéos b¢ TE XPos mo KAUMATOS: adda TOT HON

ein meT pain TE KU Kat BiPrtvos oivos, |

paca T aporrya.in yara T aiyay o Bevvupevaor, 590

Kab Boos voparyouo Kpéas BN TW TETOKVINS |

TPwOToyovav T épidov: émt © aidoma mivépev

oivon,

év Kup eCopevor, KeKopn Levon ATOP {wdis,

ay TLoV GK PUES Lepipov TpepavTa T POT WTA,

Kpyyns T alevaou Kal aT oppuTou, qT alorwros, 595

Tpls VdaTos MpoxKéelv, TO O€ TETPATOV LémEV OlVOv.

Apwot & érrotpivey Anuntepos tepov axtnv

Ouvepen, evr ay TpOra gary abevos ‘Oapiovos,

XOPY éy eval Kal eUTPOX aN év arof.

HET PO O ev Kopioacbas € €V ayyert" vTap erp 67) 600

TavrTa Biov KataOnat érdppevov évdo0t otKou,

OnTa T GoLKOV soe Ot Kal aTeKVOU éptOov

dina bar KéAXopat’ Karey UmoTopTLs epuos:

Kal KUVa KapxapocovTa Kope, ba petdeo oiTOU,

fH TwoTé o HuEepoKoLTOs avnp amo xXonual —

EANTAL. 605

XopTov & Eo Kopic at Kal cupderov, oppa Tou ein

Bovoi Kat HpLovorg w émneTavov. avrap eTELTA

duaas avadéat pira yotvata cai Boe N0CAaL.

46

WORKS AND DAYS

But when the artichoke flowers,! and the:chirping

}} grass-hopper sits in a tree and pours down his shrill

| song continually from under his wings in the season

of wearisome heat, then goats are plumpest and wine

sweetest ; women are most wanton, but men are

feeblest, because Sirius parches head and knees and

the skin is dry through heat. But at that time let °

me have a shady rock and wine of Biblis, a clot of

curds and milk of drained goats with the flesh of an

heifer fed in the woods, that has never calved, and

of firstling kids; then also let me drink bright wine,

sitting in the shade, when my heart is satisfied with

food, and so, turning my head to face the fresh

Zephyr, from the everflowing spring which pours

down unfouled thrice pour an offering of water, but

make a fourth libation of wine.

Set your slaves to winnow Demeter’s holy grain,

‘when strong Orion? first appears, on a smooth

threshing-floor in an airy place. Then measure it

and store it in jars. And so soon as you have safely

stored all your stuff indoors, I bid you put your

bondman out of doors and look out a servant-girl

with no children ;—for a servant with a child to

nurse is troublesome. And look after the dog with

jagged teeth; do not grudge him his food, or some

time the Day-sleeper* may take your stuff. Bring

in fodder and litter so as to have enough for your

oxen and mules. After that, let your men rest their

poor knees and unyoke your pair of oxen.

1 In June. 2 July. 3 4.e. a robber.

a

47

HESIOD.

Kor’ av Oo Naplov x Kal Yeiptos és wéaov ENOn

oupavon, “Ape todpov § éct8n poSoddxturos Hos, 6)

& Ilépon, tote mdvtas amodpémev olkade Botpus:

detEar & Heriw déxa T Huata Kal déxa vUKTAS,

TévTe 6€ avoKLacal, ExT@ © eis ayye apvaocal

d@pa Atwvic ov moruyndéos. avr ap émny O17 |

. dneddes a ‘Tades TE TO TE oa Oévos ‘Qaptovos 61)

ouvocw, TOT EMELT GPOTOU HEpV7 WEVOS elvan |

@paiou: Ae 5€ Kata yOovos Appevos cio.

Hi O€ ce vavtirins dvatrepérov ipepos atpet,

9 5) / 5. Mg

evT av Uidniades a Gévos 6B ptpov ‘Qapiwvos

/ , |

hevyovoar TiTTWaLY és HepoeLdéa TOVTOV, — 626

/ Mf n |

6) TOTE TaVTOLMY avéuwv Oviovew! anrat:

/ ! a ,

KAL TOTE LNKETL VHAS EXELV EVI OlVOTL TOVTO,

yhv épyalecOar pepvynpevos, @S TE KENEVO.

n / /

vna & én nrretpou épvcat wuKacat Te NOLL

f Cay Wee > ot / € ee 2 ~ eo

Tavtober, dbp iaxwao aveé“w@V “EeVOS UypoV GéVT@Y, 625)

, ’ / oA \ , Not) ||

yeipapov e€epvoas, wa pn 7vUO0n Aros d6uBpos.

OmAa © érdppeva rdvTa TEe@ éyKaTOeo oik@

4 it rf

EVKOT UWS TTOALTAS VHOS TTEPA TOVYTOTTOPOLO:

mnodr.ov © éevepyes UTTép KATVOU Kpe“acac Oat.

> aaa ts EG la) / / 25. Uk: of

avtos 6 @patov pipvely TrOOV, ELaoKEV EXON —- 630}

are Ay Be ee x ¢ , ’ 2 ,

Kal ToTe Vina Ooiv drad édnépuev, év O€ TE HopTov

>) f

dip peVvoV evrbvac bat, iy olxade Képoos apna,

WS Tp 4408 TE TATHP Kal OOS, peya vymve Ilépon,

mroiber ke ev ynuat, Piou KEX PNMEVOS éaO nod:

6s mote KaL THO HAGE, TONDY 61a TovToV pS S AS, 635

Kupau Aionrtiéa T POT OV, év vn peraivy®

ovK adhevos hevywv ovdé TAOUTOV TE Kal SA Aov,

1 Rzach: @vovoi.w, MSS.

48 ;

WORKS AND DAYS

. But when Orion and Sirius are come into mid-

ij heaven, and rosy-fingered Dawn sees Arcturus,! then

cut. off all, the grape-clusters, Perses, and bring them

home. Show them to the sun ten days and ten

nights : then cover them over for five, and on the

sixth day draw off into vessels the gifts of joyful

Dionysus. But when the Pleiades and Hyades and

strong Orion begin to set,? then reece to plough

in season: and so the completed year ? will fitly pass

beneath the earth.

But if desire for uncomfortable sea-faring seize

you; when the Pieiades plunge into the misty sea 4

to escape Orion’s rude strength, then truly gales of

all kinds rage. Then keep ships no longer on the

sparkling sea, but bethink you to till the land as I

bid you. Haul up your ship upon the land and pack

it closely with stones all round to keep off the

power oi the winds which blow damply, and draw

out the bilge-plug so that the rain of heaven may

not rot it. Put away all the tackle and fittings in

your house, and stow the wings of the sea-going

ship neatly, and hang up the well-shaped rudder

over the smoke. You yourself wait until the season

for sailing is come, and then haul your swift ship

down to the sea and stow a convenient cargo in it,

so that you may bring home profit, even as your

father and mine, foolish Perses, used to sail on ship-

board because he lacked sufficient livelihood. And

one day he came to this very place crossing over a

great stretch of sea; he left Aeolian Cyme and fled,

not from riches and substance, but from wretched

1 September. 2 The end of October.

3 That is, the succession of stars which make up the full year.

* The end of October or beginning of November.

49

HESIOD +

ada KAKND meviny, tiv Levs dvdperot didaow:

pacaato © aX, “EAtK@vOS oubuph € évl KOLN,

"Ackpyn, yeiua xaxh, Oéper apyarén, ovdé ToT

éo Onn. 64)

Tovn 6’, @ Ilépon, ¢ Epyov ue LV] [LEVOS eivau |

apat@r TAVTOV, Tept vauTidins dé padiora..

vy onyY atively, meyarn © €vt Poptia OécOar.

pet Sov pev Popros, pcifov oe emt KeEpoei KEpOOS

eooeTat, el avepot ye KAKAS aTEX OO W antas. 64!

Kor’ ay én éurropiny tpéwras acoidpova Cvpov

BovrAnae Ypéa Te Tpophuyety Kal NLmoV aTEpTéa, =>

deiEw Oy TOL wEeTPA TrOAVHADLG Bolo Garacens,

OUTE TL VAUTLALNS TETOPLTLEVOS OUTE TL VNOV. :

ov yep T@ TOTE UNL Yy eTéeTAOY evpéa TovTov, 65C

eb pn és HvBovay é& AvAL0S, 7 7] TOT. /Axacot : :

pelvavres Xerpava TONUD ou aov dryetpay =

EXdd60s ef Lepis Tpoinv és KANMYUVALKA. >

évda 5 éyou eT aeOnra dai povos “A ppiodmavtos

Xarxida T eis érépnoa: ta dé Tpoteppadpeva

TOANA 6559

acOn’ EOcoav maides peyarntopos: vla we dys :

UUV@ ViKnoaVTA Pepe TpLTod WTWEVTA.

TOV [ev eyo Movons ‘EXixoviddeca avéOyxa,

evda, pe TO T pPOTOV deryuphs érréSnoav Gowns.

TOGoOV TOL vn@v rye Terr elpn uae TOAVYOMPOV’ 660

GNX Kal Gs épew ZNvos voov airyeox oto:

Modoar ydp pw edidagav abécpatov t Devov aeLoelv.

"Hyata tevT7KovTa LeTa TPOTAS jedtowo,

és TENOS érPovros Oépeos KAPLAT@OEOS OPN,

@pPatos méAeTat Oyntots TAOS OVTE KE vHa 665

Kkavakais ovT avdpas atropbetcere Oddacoa, |

50

WORKS AND DAYS

| poverty which Zeus lays upon men, and he settled_

# near Helicon in a miserable hamlet, Ascra, which is

| bad in winter, sultry in summer, and good at no

im time.

But you, Perses, remember all works in their season

| _ but sailing especially. Admire a small ship, but put

your freight in a large one; for the greater the

lading, the greater will be your piled gain, if only

the winds will keep back their harmful gales.

If ever you turn your misguided heart to trading

and wish to escape from debt and joyless hunger, I

will show you the measures of the loud-roaring sea,

though I have no skill in sea-faring nor in ships; for

never yet have I sailed by ship over the wide sea,

but only to Kuboea from Aulis where the Achaeans

once stayed through much storm when they had

gathered a great host from divine Hellas for Troy,

the land of fair women. Then I crossed over to

| Chaleis, to the games of wise Amphidamas where

| the sons of the great-hearted hero proclaimed and

| appointed prizes. And there I boast that I gained

the victory with a song and carried off an handled

tripod which I dedicated to the Muses of Helicon, in

the place where they first set me in the way of clear

song. Such is all my experience of many-pegged

ships; nevertheless I will tell you the will of Zeus

who holds the aegis; for the Muses have taught me

to sing in marvellous song.

Fifty days after the solstice,| when the season of

wearisome heat is come to an end, is the right time

for men to go sailing. Then you will not wreck your

ship, nor will the sea destroy the sailors, unless

1 July-August.

51

E 2

HESIOD | a

el 61) 7) Toodpov ye Llocerddov évoatix Pov

y Zevs ablavarov Bactrevs eOérynow ohécoat:

éy TOUS yap TEXOS cot OMOS dryasBov TE KAKOY TE.

Thos O evKpuvees T avpat Kal TOVTOS aTHwwV 67M

evKNAOS TOTE pita. Doip a avepwowcr mono as |

Edxéuev €5 TovTOY hopTov T és TdavTa TiHecOat,

omevoew 0 STTt TAYLTTA TAAL olKOVOE vécrOaL’

[Node MEVELV OLVOY TE VéoV Kal OTwpLVOY BuSpoV

Kal yetwov emtovtTa NotoLo Te dewas anras, 67:

bor wpwe Odraccav opapthnaas Atos 6uBp@ |

TOAAM OTTMpPLVO, Yaderov Oé Te wovToVv COnKkev.

"AdXos 6 eiapivos TédeTAL TAOOS aVOpwTOLC LY:

7uos 02) TO TPWTOV, Goov T émLBaca KoparVNn ‘

‘yvos érroinoeyv, Toccov TéTAX avopl haven 686

éy Kpaon akpoTaTn, TOTE O auBaTos éott Cddacca:

elapwvos 6 ovTOS TENETAL THOOS. ov py Eeyore

aivnp ov yap éu@ Oud KeXapLa LEVos éoTiv’

dpmaKTos: NareTas Ke pryols KAKOV? GANG VU

Kal Ta

avo pwrot péCovow ardpeinat vooto: 685)

Xpnwata yao puyn medeTas detdotor Bpototow. — |

evvov © éati Oaveiv peta KYA. GANAO avwya

dpaleo bar tdde Tavta peta dpeciv, @S AyopEevo.

pnd év ynvay imavra Biov Koihyot TiGec Oat: |

aNNA TE hetrrewy, Ta, dé Metova. popriver bar. 690)

Secvov Yep. TOvTOU peTa KU pact TH LAaTL KUpoal.

dewvov 0, el Kk eT’ dpatay Um épBLov ax Gos aeLpas

aova era Kab poptia. pavp@ etn.

pétpa hvrdocecOar Katpos & éml mao aptoTos.

‘Opaios O€ yuvatica TEOV ToTL OLKOV dryer Oat, 695)

LATE TPLNKOVT@V eTEWY LANA TOAN ATONE TOV

52

WORKS AND DAYS

Poseidon the Earth-Shaker be set upon it, or Zeus,

| | the king of the deathless gods, wish to slay them ;

‘}. for the issues of good and evil alike are with them.

1 At that time the winds are steady, and the sea is

{ harmless. Then trust in the winds without care,

} and haul your swift ship down to the sea and put

all the freight on board; but make all haste you

ean to return home again and do not wait till the

time of the new wine and autumn rain and oncoming

storms with the fierce gales of Notus who accom-

panies the heavy autumn rain of Zeus and stirs up

the sea and makes the deep dangerous.

Another time for men to go sailing is in spring

| _ when a man first sees leaves on the topmost shoot of

a fig-tree as large as the foot-print that a crow makes ;

then the sea is passable, and this is the spring sailing

| time. For my part I do not praise it, for my heart

does not like it. Such a sailing is snatched, and you

will hardly avoid mischief. Yet in their ignorance

men do even this, for wealth means life to poor mor-

tals ; but it is fearful to die among the waves. But

I bid you consider all these things in your heart as I

say. Do not put all your goods in hollow ships ;

leave the greater part behind, and put the lesser

part on board; for it is a bad business to meet with

disaster among the waves of the sea, as it is bad if

you put too great a load on your waggon and break

the axle, and your goods are spoiled. Observe due

measure : and proportion is best in all things.

_ Bring home a wife to your house when you are of

the right age, while you are not far short of thirty

53

HESIOD

pnt émrideis dda ToAAd yamos SE TOL WpLos

ovUTOS'

" O€ YUV) TETOP nBaot, TEMTET d€ yamoiro.

ma pOevexny € yapetv, os K nOea Kedva oudains. |

THD dé pariara yapeety, i} TUS oéOev eyyvOr yaict, 70

mavra pan appusov,” pay yelToo Xappwara YHLNS.

ov pev yap TL yuvarcos avnp Anger aiewvov

THs ayadis, THs SO avTe KaKHS Ov pirytov aAXo,

Seumvoroxns’ WT avo0pa Kat IpOtpov TEep €OVTA |

ever ATep Oadolo Kal @U@ ynpai daxev.” 70:

Eo 6 dmv alavaTov paKkapwv mrepubarypevos

eival.

poe KAT LYVIT® io-ov Tmoveia Oa eTaipov’

el O€ KE TOLNTNS, fun fLLV ™ pOTEPOS KQKOV epéns.

pnoe apevoes Par yA@oons Kap el 0€ TE YY APKN

7) Th ETT 0S ELT @V aTroOUpLoy He Kal EpEaS, 71¢

ols TOT Tivuabat wenyvnuéevos’ ef O€ GE Y ADTIS |

HnyAT és didoTyTA, OLeny O eye mapacxeiy,

beEac0an- Oehos TOU aviyp pirov ddrOTE GAXOV

TOLELTAL, TE O€ fb) TL VOOV KaTEMYXETO ei6os. |

Myée ToAvEEwWov pond a&ewvov KanréeaOar, 715}

pnoe KaKa@v Erapov und écOXOv vetKeoTHpa.

Mn6é wor’ otAopévny Trevinv OupopOopov avdpi

TéeTAAO overdiCery, paKapav OOCLV .ALEV eovT@D.

yA@OCaNS TOL Onoaupos é ev avOpwroraw 6 dpua ros

pesoorijs, TreLoTH dé Hepes KATO MET pov tovons. 720

el 6€ KAKOV elToLs, bb oe K autos pelCov axov-

Tals.

1 Heyne: duds idév, MSS.

2 Another recension has daAod kal év aud ynpat OjKey: So

AENOPQ, Plutarch, Stobaeus.

54

WORKS AND DAYS

| years nor much above; this is the right age for

| marriage. Let your wife. have been grown up four

| years, and marry her in the fifth. Marry a maiden,

so that you can teach her careful ways, and especially

marry one who lives near you, but look well about

you and see that your marriage will not be a joke to

your neighbours. For a man wins nothing better

than a good wife, and, again, nothing worse than a

bad one, a greedy soul who roasts her man without

fire, strong though he may be, and brings him to a

raw + old age.

Be careful to avoid the anger of the deathless

gods. Do not make a friend equal toa brother ; but

if you do, do not wrong him first, and do not lie to

please the tongue. But if he wrong you first, offend-

ing either in word or in deed, remember to repay

him double; but if he ask you to be his friend

again and be ready to give you satisfaction, welcome

him. He is a worthless man who makes now one

and now another his friend; but as for you, do not

let your face put your heart to shame.’

Do not get a name either as lavish or as churlish ;

as a friend of rogues or as a slanderer of good men.

Never dare to taunt a man with deadly poverty

which eats out the heart ; it is sent by the deathless

gods. The best treasure a man can have is a sparing

tongue, and the greatest pleasure, one that moves

orderly ; for if you speak evil, you yourself will soon

be worse spoken of.

17.e. untimely, premature. Juvenal similarly speaks of

‘‘cruda senectus” (caused by gluttony).

* The thought is parallel to that of “O, what a goodly

outside falsehood hath.”

BE

HESIOD

; ,

Mnoeé roavéeivouv Sartos buaTémpenos etvat

éx KOLWOU: TrELaTNH O€ YapLS, CaTraVH T OALYLOTN.

Myéé trot’ é& nods Avi Net BEwev aiPorra oivov

NE age ox 0 s

YEepolw aviTTOLoW No ArXoLsS AVavaToLtow

b) \ / 7 b) 4 / 2 Dra /

ov yap Tol ye KAVOVGL, aTroTTUOVGL O€ T apas.

J, a

Myo’ avr’ nediov TeTpappevos opOds opmryety:

bY \ b) / } Vd / 4 : ee / ¥

avTap émrel KE OUN, ME“VHMEVOS, ES T GVLOVTA

ess O0 Am” Circe oO 18 Dir ON,

LNT ev 0O@ HT EXTOS 0OOD TrpOBadnY ovpHaNS

if

und amoyupvobeiss wakapov Tor vuKTes éacty

Cul & v4 @ a b / ‘ VA Oo ,

éCouevos © 6 ye Oetos avnp, TeTVYUMEVa ELOW>S,

Noe \ A f b) / b) n

HO YE TPOS TOLYOV TENATAS EVEPKEOS AVANS.

Myo’ atéota youn meTaXaypevos &vdo0t oixou

|

istin éumedacov Tapadawéwev, ANN anréacbar.

Coan) IN / / > .

pnd amo Ovadypoto Tadhou atovocTnoavTa

7 / b) > ae ff 5 AN /

OTEpmaivery yevenv, AN aPavadtov ato datos.

/ la}

Mn6€ trot’ alevawy ToTaL“aY KaAXippoov Vdwp

\ nn / ? bs OG b) Xa 4 Q

Toool TEpayv, Mply y EVEN LOwV es Kaa peEOpa,

(a) 4 id e/. A

velpas vipdpevos TokuNnpaT@ VOaTl NEVKO.

@ aA he a f

Os ToTapov S1iaBH KaKOTHT Loe YElpas aVLTTTOS,

A x N a he 2 fa) b) ,

T@ O€ Jeol veweoaot Kal adXyea OHKaY OTLTCM.

Myo amo wevtolo.o Gedy ev darth Oareln

5 BT Bead n / 7A ae /

avov avd YA@poD Tauvew aldwve cLdNpo.

A > >) / A a e/

My6é mor oivoyonv TiWéuev KpnTHpos UmepHe

/ ? \ \ ? nA an ae

TLVOVT@V’ OAON YAP ET AVT@ wolpa TETUKTAL.

56

WORKS AND DAYS

Do not be boorish at a common feast where there

| are many guests; the pleasure is greatest and the

expense is least.!

Never pour a libation of sparkling wine to Zeus

after dawn with unwashen hands, nor to others of the

deathless gods ; else they do not hear your prayers

but spit them back.

Do not stand upright facing the sun when you

make water, but remember to de this when he has

set and towards.his rising. And do not make water |

as you go, whether on the road or off the road, and

do not uncover yourself: the nights belong to the

blessed gods. A scrupulous man who has a wise heart

sits down or goes to the wall of an enclosed court.

Do not expose yourself befouled by the fireside in

_ your house, but avoid this. Do not beget children

when you are come back from ill-omened burial, but

after a festival of the gods.

Never cross the sweet-flowing water of ever-rolling

rivers afoot until you have prayed, gazing into the

soft flood, and washed your hands in the clear, lovely

water. Whoever crosses a river with hands unwashed

of wickedness, the gods are angry with him and

bring trouble upon him afterwards.

At a cheerful festival of the gods do not cut the

withered from the quick upon that which has five

branches? with bright steel.

Never put the ladle upon the mixing-bow] at a wine

party, for malignant ill-luck is attached to that.

* The ‘‘common feast” is one to which all present sub-

scribe. Theognis (line 495) says that one of the chief pleasures

of a banquet is the general conversation. Hence the present

passage means that such a feast naturally costs little, while

the many present will make pleasurable conversation,

* z.e, “do not cut your finger-nails.”

57

HESIOD

Mnée S0MOV TOLOV aver iEea Tov KaTareimel,

[bh TOL epelopevn Kpaty NaKeputa, Kopovn.

nO aro XUT pom odey QVET LppERTOV avenovTa

éa Oe unde hoea au émrel Kal TOI évt Trouvn. |

Mno én’ aKwwyiToLae Kabrleuer, ov yap apewor, 780

matsa Suwdexataiov, 6 oT avép’ ainvopa TOLel,

pnde SuM@denadunvov' icov Kal TOUTO TETUKTAL.

pnde yUvaLKel@ AovTpO xpoa pasdpuver bar

dvépa. hevyaen yap em Xpovoy é got ert Kat TP

t

TOL). fend ltepotow ém aiBopevorar KUpH Tas 755

poopevery aionra Beds vv Te Kal Ta vEewer od. |

pnoé TOT év T™ pox.ons TOT A LOD adnade TPopeovT ov

uno ert KpnVvawy oupeiy, edna O efaréac Oar:

pnd? évaTrowuye: TO yap ov ToL N@LOV éoTLY. |

OB: epdew" Oewny dé Bporav umaneveo PNuny. 760°

pnpen yap, TE KAK TEAETAL, KOUPN [LEV aeipar |

peta jan’, dpyanrén dé dépev, yarern © aro-

éa Bau.

hyun © otis TaTAaV ATOANUTAL, HV TWA TOAAOL

aol dynuiEwor eos vd Tis éaoTe KAL AUTH.

“Hyara S é« Arvddev medvraypévos ed Kata

potpav \ 765

me pace jen Opoerot: T pine doa pnvos apiornv

Epya T émomT evel no appariny dareac Gar.

Aide yap nuépat etot Aros mapa pntioevtos, 769

evUT av arnbeiny Aaol KpivovTes dyoow. 768 |

_lTpetov ¢ évn TETPas TE Kal EBdoun 6 (€ POV Tyan" 119

TH yap ‘ATroAN@va Vpuc aopa yelvaro Ante

éySodTn S évatn Te, SUM ye Mev HMATA MNVOS

58

CUAD a

a

A AP tt, 5

WORKS AND DAYS

When you are building a house,do not leave it rough-

hewn, or a cawing crow may settle on it and croak.

Take nothing to eat or to wash with from

uncharmed pots, for in them there is mischief.

Do not let a boy of twelve years sit on things

which may not be moved,! for that is bad, and makes :

a man unmanly; nor yet a child of twelve months, for

that has the same effect. A man should not clean

his body with water in which a woman has washed,

for there is bitter mischief in that also for a time.

When you come upon a burning sacrifice, do not

make a mock of. mysteries, for Heaven is angry at

this also. Never make water in the mouths of rivers

which flow to the sea, nor yet in springs; but be

careful to avoid this. And do not ease yourself in

them : it is not well to do this.

So do: and avoid the talk of men. For Talk is

mischievous, light, and easily raised, but hard to

bear and difficult to be rid of. Talk never wholly

dies away when many people voice her: even Talk

is in some ways divine.

Mark the days which come from Zeus, duly

telling your slaves of them, and that the thirtieth

day of the month is best for one to look over the

work and to deal out supplies.

For these are days which come from Zeus the all-

wise, when men discern aright.

To begin with, the first, the fourth, and és

seventh—on which Leto bare Apollo with the ~

blade of gold—each is a holy day. The eighth and

1 7,é, things which it would be sacrilege to disturb, such as

tombs.

59

HESIOD

éEox acEopévoto Bpornava ¢ épya méver Oa

Send Oe dSumdekatn T, dupa Ye poev ec Xai,

n jeeV OLS TreLKELY 70 evdpova KapT ov cpio Oar 715

7 O€ du@dexarn Tis evOeKaTNS pey apeivov: |

TH yap ToL vn var’ depouTOrnTos apaxvns

MATOS eK TAé€tou, OTE iS pes o@pov aparau

Th © ioTov oTHaatTo yuv1 mpoBaXolTo TE épyov.

Myvos © toTapévou T plo KaLOEKATHY aréacbat 780

TE PLATOS ap~ac0a' gduta 8 &vOpévracbat

apiorn.

"Extn 6 1 “econ “an ao bpcpopos € éoTe putoiow,

avd poryovos a aryady: Kovpy om ov avpdopds éotwy,

oUTE yevér Pa ™ par ovT ap yeejoy avTiBornaas.

ovee ev 1) T POTN Extn KoUpN YE " yever Oar 785

aPHEVOS, aAXr’ épidous Taye Kal T OED paprov |

onkov T auduBanrety TOULY LOD ym Lov apap

éo0A1 6 avdpoyoves: didéot & 6 ye? KéepTopa

Bate

wevoea 8 aipvriovs Te Royovs Kpudiovs 7

OapLa Lous. }

Mnvos & 6yd0atn KaTpov Kat Bovv épimuxov 790 |

Tapvewev, oUPHas Sé dUWSEKATH TAaNaEPYoUs.

Kicads & év weydAn, TAE@ Hyatt, taTopa PwaTAa

yeivacOar' para yap Te voov emuKagpévos

éotiv.

écOr7 © avdpoyovos Sexatn, Kovpyn S€ TE TETPAS

péoon TH O€ Te UAAG Kal eiAlmrobas EdtKas Bovs 795

Kal Kiva KapKXapddovTa Kal ovphas TaXaEpyous

mpnivew émt yetpa Ticis. mepvrako dé Oup@

1 Rzach : covpy re, AFGH etc.: kovpyor te, KL: koupyat, C,

2 A: gidéor or pidéer 5é xe, MSS.

60

aad ee

WORKS AND DAYS

the ninth, two days at least of the waxing month,!

are meisdll good for the works of man. Also the

eleventh and twelfth are both excellent, alike for

shearing sheep and for reaping the kindly ‘fruits; but

| the twelfth is much better than the eleventh, for on

it the airy-swinging spider spins its web in full day,

and then the Wise One,? gathers her pile. On that

day a woman should set up, her loom and get forward

with her work.

Avoid the thirteenth of the waxing month for

beginning to sow: yet it is the best day for setting

plants.

The sixth of the mid-month is very unfavourable ~

for plants, but is good for the birth of males, though

unfavourable for a girl either to be born at all or to

be married. Nor is the first sixth a fit day for a girl

to be born, but a kindly for gelding kids and sheep

_ and for fencing in a sheep-cote. It is favourable for

the birth of a boy, but such will be fond of sharp

speech, lies, and cunning words, and _ stealthy

converse.

On the eighth of the month geld the boar and

loud-bellowing bull, but hard-werking mules on the

twelfth.

On the great twentieth, in full day, a wise man

should be born. Such an one is very sound-witted.

The tenth is favourable for a male to be born; but,

for a girl, the fourth day of the mid-month. On that

day tame sheep and shambling, horned oxen, and

-the sharp-fanged dog and hardy mules to the touch

of the hand. But take care to avoid troubles which

1 The month is divided into three periods, the waxing, the

mid-month, and the waning, which answer to.the phases of

the moon. 2 2.e. the ant.

61

HESIOD

Tetpdd arevacIar P0ivortos 0 ictapévov TE

anyea GupoBopy' wara yap” TeTekeopevov Huap.

inf) Oe ih \ of Q 3 a ”?

iy O€ Teradptyn wnvos ayeacOas® oixov aKorTiy 80

> \ / ND) 9) oe / of

otevovs Kpivas, oF em’ epypare ToUT@ dploTot.

>) 3 Pp] iN , \

Iléumtas 6° éEaréacOat, émet yadeTrai Te Kal

aivat: |

ed UA / 3 , b) J

év méuTTn yap pacw Kpuvvas auditrodeveu

7 )/ n

"“Opxov yevvopevov, Tov Epis Téxe Thy éridpKots.

Mécon & EBdSopndatn Anuntepos tepov axTny —805

ev war’ oTriTrevovTa evTPOYaX@ ev ALOT |

VA e J A (3 Qian

Barr€uev, VNoTOMOY TE Tapety Dadhapnta Sovpa

Dstt / / oO b] 7 , \

vynia te §EvrA\a TWOAAA, Ta T AppmEeva VHVGt

TENOVTAL. :

10 S / @ an A @ >) /

TeTpaot 0 apyecOar vnas mHyvuc0at apasas. |

\ , 5

Kivas 0 7 péoon ert deteXa A@LOY Huap, 810

, 3

TpwtiaTyn © Eelvas TavaTnpmoYy avOpw@TroloL:

és Orn pev yap O 4 ye * hutevepev Hoe yevérOar

avépe T NOE yUVaLKL’ Kal OUTOTE TaYKAaKOV 7pmap.

A >}

Iladpot 8 atte toact Tpicewvdda pnvos apiotnvy

dpEac0ai te TiPov Kal éml Cuyov avyeéve Oeitvat 815

/ ' |

Bovol Kal nutovotos Kal itmols @KUTOOETCL,

n / \ 3 3/ / :

pha TokvKANLOa Oony es olvoTra TOVTOV

3 1d A J bea / /

eipUpevas Tavpor O€ T adnOéa KiKAHTKOVOLW.

\ 9

Terpade 0 oiye wiPov: Trept TavT@V Lepov Huap

A i \ A

pécon Tavpo. oO avdte mer etxdda uNvos apioTnv 820

an Z , :

HOS ‘ytyvomevns: émrl Oeieda O e€oTl KEpeiwv.

1 Guyet: OvpoBopety, MSS. 2 A: tot, MSS.

3 Sittl : ayeo@ eis, MSS. 4 AM: de, most MSS.

62

WORKS AND DAYS

eat out the heart on the fourth of the beginning and

| ending of the month; it is a day very fraught with fate.

) On the fourth of the month bring home your

bride, but choose the omens which are best for this

business. .

Avoid fifth days: they are unkindly and terrible.

On a fifth, they say, the Erinyes assisted at the birth

of Horcus (Oath) whom Eris ae! bare to trouble

the forsworn.

Look about you very carefully and throw out

Demeter’s holy grain upon the well-rolled | threshing

floor on the seventh of the mid-month. Let the

woodman cut beams for house building and plenty of

ships’ timbers, such as are suitable for ships. On the

fourth day begin to build narrow ships.

The ninth of the mid-month improves towards

evening ; but the first ninth of all is quite harmless

formen. It is a good day on which to beget or to

be born both for a male and a female : it is never an

. wholly evil day.

Again, few know that the twenty-seventh of the

month is best for opening a wine-jar, and putting

yokes on the necks of oxen and mules and swift-

footed horses, and for hauling a swift ship of many

thwarts down to the sparkling sea; few call it by its

right name.

On the fourth day open a jar. ‘The fourth of the

mid-month is a day holy above all. And again, few

men know that the fourth day after the twentieth

is best while it is morning: towards evening it is

less good.

1 Such seems to be the meaning here, though the epithet

is otherwise rendered “well-rounded.” Corn was threshed

by means of a sleigh with two runners having three or four

rollers between them, like the modern Egyptian nurag.

63

HESIOD

ef \ e V4 J ok ? / pe Bas

Aide pev juépar eioiy émryOoviors péy Cverap,

€ epee 4 / > / 7 f

at 6 ddAat peTaoovirol, AKHpLol, OV TL Hépovaai.

arXros 8 adroinv aivel, Tadpot Sé ioacw.

\ v / / ;

ANNOTE LNT PULH TEAEL HMEPN, ANAOTE MYTHP.

VU 3 / NC ph rat if 4

TAWV EVSALMOV TE Kal OABLOS, OS TA0E TaYTA

>] \ 3 , 3 fe J /

eldws épyatntas avaitios adavatoow,

y , NORE / b) Mf

épvilas Kpivav Kat UTEepBactas adecivov.

OPNI®OMANTEIA

Proclus on Works and Days, 828. Tovrets 8é

emayouot tives THY ‘OpviOopaytetav ativa Armrod-

ANwvLos 0 Pddsos Beret.

64

WORKS AND DAYS

I These days are a great blessing to men on earth ;

| but the rest are changeable, luckless, and bring

nothing. Everyone praises a different day but few

| know their nature. Sometimes a day is a_step-

mother, sometimes a mother. That man is happy

} and lucky in them who knows all these things and

} does his work without offending the deathless gods,

| who discerns the omens of birds and _ avoids

transgression.

THE DIVINATION BY BIRDS

Some make the Duwnation by Birds, which

Apollonius of Rhodes rejects as spurious, follow

this verse (Works and Days, 828).

65

HESIOD

AXTPONOMIA

Athenaeus xi. p. 491d. kal 6 tiv eis “Holodov

\ 5) J / b) / > \ a

67) avapepomev ny TOLNTAS AoTpovoptav QveL

Tlenerddas avtas éyeu:

Tas 6€ Bpotot caréovoart IleNecadas..

aL TAAL’

verméepcat Svvovot Ilederddes.

Kal TANW* |

A b) / > /

Thos atoxpumTovae Lererddes ... .

Scholiast on Pindar, Nem. ii. 16. TUneraddas....

@V Ol AT TEpES OUTOL

j oe J Cele ) , \ 3 / nA

Tnvyétn T époecoa cat Hréxtpn xvavotis

b) / Ae J / \

AnXKv6vn Te Kal Aorepomn diy Te Ker.auvo

Maia te cal Meporn, tas yeivato datéipos

"Atias.

% ak 3 * *

Kurdgjuns ev Odpecot Gedy Knp’KAa TEX

“Epp.

2;

Scholiast on Aratus 254. Zevs 6é dorépas

auras (tas “Tavtos adeddas) memoinxke, Tas

66

j

THE ASTRONOMY

THE ASTRONOMY

I

/ Awnp the author of the Astronomy, which is attri-

buted forsooth to Hesiod, always calls them (the

| Pleiades) Peleiades: “but mortals call them

i Peleiades”; and again, “the stormy Peleiades go

| down”; and again, “then the Peleiades hide

lm away... ..”

|

i

The Pleiades . . . whose stars are these :—“ Lovely

Teygeta, and dark-faced Electra, and Alcyone, and

_ bright Asterope,and Celaeno, and Maia, and Meroye,

_ whom glorious Atlas begot . . . . In the mountains

| of Cyllene she (Maia) bare Hermes, the herald of

} the gods,”

I

i

2.

as But Zeus made them (the sisters of Hyas)

| into the stars which are called Hyades. Hesiod

F 2

HESIOD

Karoupevas “Tddas. @v Ta ovopata “Hoiodos

év Th AoTptKyn avTov BiBr@ diddoKet Néyou:

Nvpdat Xapitecow omotae,"

DarovrAn NOE Kopevis evo répavos te Kréeva

Davo 0 imepoer oa io” ‘Evdwpy TAVUTETTOS,

as “Tadas xaréovow eri xOovt bin avOpo-

TOV.

3.

Pseudo- Hratosthenes Catast. frag. 1.2 ~Apetos 1)

peyann | TAUTYV ‘Hotodos dyno. Auedovos Ouya-

Tépa év ‘A pKacig oixely, ehéo Pau yan pera

“AprEepoos THY TWEpl TAS Onpas ayoy ny év TOUS

GpEeat mrovela Oat plapeioav dé vo Auos émpetvae

NavOavoue av Tay Ocov: popalvar dé toTeEpov

émiToKov 707 ovo av opbeioay Um avThHs ovo-

pevnu: éhb' @ opyia Beloay THY deov arroOnpidcar

QUTHV? Kal OUTWS TeKely dipk'Tov yevopevny TOV

Kwhnbevta “A pxaoa. ovo av ° év TO Opet Onpev-

Ofvar t VIO aiTOAWY TIV@Y Kal Trapadod jae pera

Tov Bpéhovs TO Aukdove: pera vpovov O€ TLVa

bdfar ceived Oeiv Els TO TOU Atos aBarov [‘epor]

ayvonocacay TOV vO_OV. umo o€ Tob idtov viod

Svaxopmevny Kat TOV “Apeabov, Kat avaipetobat

Héhdoveay 61a TOV elpmpeévov VOMOV, O Zevs Ova

Thy cuyyévecay avtny é&eiNeTO Kal ev Tois

datpows avtiy €Onxev. “Apxtov O€ avTny @vo-

pace Ova TO cUUBEBNKOS AUTH CUETTMpLA.

Comm. Supplem. on Aratus, p. 547 M. 8. rept

Tov Bowtov Tov Kai ApxtodvAaKos. Tepl TOVTOV

1 This half verse is added by the Scholiast on Aratus, 172.

2 The Catasterismi (‘‘ Placings among the Stars”) is a col-

lection of legends relating to the various constellations.

68

THE ASTRONOMY

| in his Book about Stars tells us their names as

| follows: “Nymphs like the Graces, Phaesyle and

- Coronis and rich-crowned Cleeia and lovely Phaeo

and long-robed Eudora, whom the tribes of men

upon the earth call Hyades.”

Qo.

The Great Bear.|—Hesiod says she (Callisto) was

the daughter of Lycaon and lived in Arcadia. She

chose to occupy herself with wild-beasts in the

mountains together with Artemis, and, when she

was seduced by Zeus, continued some time un-

detected by the goddess, but afterwards, when she

was already with child, was seen by her bathing

and so discovered. Upon this, the goddess was

enraged and changed her into a beast. ‘Thus she

became a bear and gave birth to a son called Arcas.

- But while she was in the mountain, she was hunted

by some goat-herds and given up with her babe to

Lycaon. Some while after, she thought fit to go

into the forbidden precinct of Zeus, not knowing

the law, and being pursued by her own son and

the Arcadians, was about to be killed because of the

said law; but Zeus delivered her because of her

connection with him and put her among the stars,

giving her the name Bear because of the misfortune

which had befallen her.

Of Bodtes, also called the Bear-warden. The

story goes that he is Arcas the son of Callisto and

69

HESIOD

eyeTat, Ort "A pkas ear c KadXuotods cat Ards

yeyoves: pKnoe dé Tept TO AvKavov. Peipavros

avtTnv Axos, ov T POT TOUNT AMEVOS 0 Aukaoy, TOV

Aia efevitev, OS pneu ‘Hatodos, Kal TO Bpépos

caTtaxoWas twapeOnKey ert THY TpaTrEeCay.

4.

Pseudo-Hratosthenes, Catast. fr. xxxii. ~Opiov]|

Ttoutov Hotodds dnaw Kdpuddns ths Mivwos

kat Ilocedavos civat, SoOHvar 5€ av’T@ Swpeav

MOTE ETL TOV KUMATOV mopever Bau Kadamep em

Ths yns. é€AOcevta Sé avTov eis Xiov Mepomny

THY Oivorrimvos Brava ba oivabevta, yvovta

d6€ tov Oivorriwva Kal Karen Os eveyKovTa. THY

Bp EKTUPABDT UL av TOV Kal ék THS X@pas

exBaretv- énOovta oe Ets ASjpvov aNNTEVvOVTA

‘Hdaioto cupptéac: os avtov édXenoas didwaow

avto Kndartova tov avtod | oixetov| otKéTny, OT aS

oonyn ov AaBov ért TOY Bpwv Ehepe onmaivovTa

Tas odovs. éAO@v & eri Tas avatonras Kal “Hriw

cuppitas SoKet vytacOnva, Kal ovT@s éml Tov

Oworiova enbeiy TAAL TLOoplay avr e770 n-

gov. oO O€ UTO TOV TONT OV ume yAv eKEKPUTTTO.

aT eENTLCAS oe THY exetvou inrnow annrOev els

Kpnrny Kal Trept Tas Onpas Ouirye KULYET OY

Ths >Apréusoos Tapovens kat THs Antovs, Kal

Soxel atrethyjoacbat ws mav Onpiov averely THY

éml THS YHS YLvopevov. Oupwbetoa dé avr Vy

avinKe oKOpT Lov evmeyedn, ep ov TO KévTPO

TIVES aTONETO. o0ev 61a THY avTov avdpiav

éy Tois adotpows avTov eOnxev 0 Leds vo Aprté-

7°

THE ASTRONOMY

| y Zeus, and he lived in the country about Lycaeum.

j After Zeus had seduced Callisto, Lycaon, pretend-

ing not to know of the matter, entertained Zeus, as

Hesiod says, and set before him on the table fe

babe which he had cut up.

A.

Orion. |—Hesiod says that he was the son of

Euryale, the daughter of Minos, and of Poseidon,

and that there was given him as a gift the power

of walking upon the waves as though upon land.

When he was come to Chios, he outraged Merope,

the daughter of Oenopion, being drunken; but

; Oenopion when he learned of it was greatly vexed

at the outrage and blinded him and cast him out of

the country. Then he came to Lemnos as a beggar

and there met Hephaestus who took pity on him

and gave him Cedalion his own servant to guide

him. So Orion took Cedalion upon his shoulders

and used to carry him about while he pointed out the

roads. Then he came to the east and appears to have

met Helius (the Sun) and to have been healed, and

so returned back again to Oenopion to punish him ;

_but Oenopion was hidden away by his people under-

ground. Being disappointed, then, in his search for

the king, Orion went away to Crete and spent his

time hunting in company with Artemis and Leto.

It seems that he threatened to kill every beast there

was on earth; whereupon, in her anger, Karth sent

up against him a scorpion of very great size by which

he was stung and so perished. After this Zeus, at

the prayer of Artemis and Leto, put him among the

ve

HESIOD

\ la) bf / ¢ / 3 \ /

pordos Kat Antovs aktmbeis, omoiws Kat to Onpiov

Tov elvat uVnMoaVVOY Kal THS mpdkews.

D.

Diodorus iv. 85. évtot Oe Neyouer o ELT MOV

peyadov ‘yevopevev dvapparyhvae TOV avyéva TIS

HIretpov Kab yever Oat Tov a opO mov, Overpyovons

THS Jaracons THY pr eupov amo TAS vo Ov.

“Hotodos 6€ 0 TOUTS pyc ToUvaYTLOV, ava-

TET TAPEVOV TOU meh aryous ‘Opiova Tpooxoo au

TO Kara THV Hedwpida KELEVOV aK p@TnpLOV Kal

To Téwevos TOV Ilocetd@vos KaATATKEVATAL, TLLO-

pevoy UTO TOV eyXoptov SrabepovTas: ‘Tadra dé

dvaT pat dpevov Els hvBovay peTavaaTho at KaKel

KATOUK HO ae" dia 6€ THY OoEay ev TOls KAT ovpavor

doTpos KaTapOunbéevta TUX EbD wavarov pyiuns.

XEIPONO® THOOHKAT

1)

Scholiast on Pindar, Pyth. vi. 19.

Ev viv pot Ta &xacta pera ppect TEvKai pina t

ppaver bas 7 pOTOV bev, OT av Sopov ELT ahiKNAL,

époéuev iepa Kara Oeols aieuyevétynow.

Di.

Plutarch Mor. 1034 5.

pnoe Oteny duxaons, Tplv av appotv povOov

aKkovons.

12

|)

aN | a

rey a a

a ol) Te

THE PRECEPTS OF CHIRON

| stars, because of his manliness, and the scorpion alse

‘as a memorial of him and of what had occurred.

5.

Some say that great earthquakes occurred, which

broke through the neck of land and formed the

straits,! the sea parting the mainland from the island.

But Hesiod, the poet, says just the opposite: that

the sea was open, but Orion piled up the promontory

by Peloris, and founded the close of Poseidon which

is especially esteemed by the people thereabouts.

When he had finished this, he went away to Euboea

| and settled there, and because of his renown was

taken into the number of the stars in heaven, and

won undying remembrance.

THE PRECEPTS OF CHIRON

1.

_ “© AND now, pray, mark all these things well in

a wise heart. First, whenever you come to your

house, offer good sacrifices to the eternal gods.”

2.

“ Decide no suit until you have heard both sides

speak.”

1 The Straits of Messina.

73

HESIOD

5!

Plutarch de Orac. defectu i. 415 c.

b ul / \ / J

évvea Tot Gwe yeveds Naképula Kopwvy

avopav ynpavrev: éxados O€é Te TETPAKOPaVOS:

nN : €

tpeis & éXadhous o KOpak ynpacKeTar avTap oO

potme

> / \ / / / / e A

évvéa bev KOpakas, Séxa oivekas € TOL HpeEts

Nvpodac evrroKxapos, Kovpat Atos atytoxovo.

Ay

Quintilian, i. 1. 15. Quidam litteris instituendos, |

qui minores septem annis essent, non putaverunt ©

. in qua sententia Hesiodum esse plurimi tradunt,

qui ante Grammaticum Aristophanem fuerunt, nam

is primus “Tzro@HKxas, in quo libro scriptum hoc

invenitur, negavit esse huius poetae. |

METAAA EPDA

be

Comm. on Aristotle, Nicomachean FHthics. v. 8.

\ if Bg N a ¢ , b) \ 3

TO pevtot eros (TO Tov “PadamavOvos) éott map

€ 0 b) A / / e/ /

Hovod@ ev Tots MeyaXous” Kpyous ov Twas Eyvov:

EL KAKA TLS TTELPAL, KAKA KEPOEA K AMnoELEV

/ / f / n /

el xe waOor Ta T epeke, Oixn K tela yevorTo.

2

Proclus on Hesiod, Works and Days, 126. To

dé apytpeov Emote TH yH aKovovaL EyoYTES OTL

év tots Meyardos “Epyous TO apyupiov tas yhs

yevearoyel. |

74

~ THE GREAT WORKS

3.

} #£«‘*“A chattering crow lives out nine generations of

} aged men, but a stag’s life is four times a crow’s,

| and a raven’s life makes three stags old, while-the

= phoenix outlives nine ravens, but we, the rich-haired

| Nymphs, daughters of Zeus the aegis-holder, outlive

_ ten phoenixes.”’

as ma 4

1 Some consider that children under the age of

_ seven should not receive a literary education . .

|} That Hesiod was of this opinion very many writers

affirm who were earlier than the critic Aristophanes ;

| for he was the first to reject the Precepts, in which

| book this maxim occurs, as a work of that poet.

THE GREAT WORKS

i.

| Tue verse, however (the saying of Rhadamanthys),

| is in Hesiod in the Great Works and is as follows:

| “If a man sow evil, he shall reap evil increase; if

men do to him as he has done, it will be true

fe justice.” |

2.

Some believe that the Silver Race (is to be attri-

buted to) the earth, declaring that in the Great

Works Hesiod makes silver to be of the family of

Earth.

15

HESIOD

IAAIOL AAKTTAOI

Pliny, Natural History vii. 56, 197. .... Ferrum |

conflare et temperare Hesiodus in Creta eos (mon-.

strasse) qui vocati sunt Dactyli Idaei.

Clement, Stromateis i. 16. 75. KédApus te ad —

\ 4 e a ’ / if

kat Aapvapeveds, ot tov “Idaiwy AaktirXov

Tp@ToL, aLonpov evpov év Kuapo, AéXas bé adXos

‘Idaios etpe yarkod Kpacw, ws 6é “Haiodos, ©

LxvOns, |

76

THE IDAEAN DACTYLS

THE IDAEAN DACTYLS

| Hestop says that those who are called the Idaean

|} Dactyls taught the smelting and tempering of iron in

Crete.

Celmis, again, and Damnameneus, the first of the

} Idaean Dactyls, discovered iron in Cyprus; but

| bronze-smelting was discovered by Delas, another

Idaean, though Hesiod calls him Scythes.!

1 Or perhaps ‘‘ a Scythian.”

| Bt . a

: | rg

HSIOAOY SEOLONIA

Movodov. ‘Educoviddoy apxopel QELOELY,

‘ aie “Educdvos @ Exovaow 6 pos pear Te CaOecov Te

Kat TE TEDL Kpnuny ioeLdéa TOG aATTaNOLoLW

opxyedvTat Kal Bwov épia Deveos Kpoviwvos.

Kat TE oer od pevar Tépeva Kpoa Tleppnocoto

y) “Inrov Kpnyns i ‘On perod Cabéovo

aK porate Enix Xopovs EVETTOLNT AVTO

KANOUS, ipepoevTas” eTEPPOTAYTO o€ Too lv.

évOeyv aTropviwevat, KEKANULMEVAL HEL TOA,

eDVUX LAL oreiXov mepiKahea dooay \eloau,

Upvedoa Aia a airytoxov kal jwotviav “ Hpny

“Apyeinn, Xpucéoroe Tedirous éuBeBaviar,

Koupyy T airyLoxovo Ads yavedT AO nyny

Doi Bov 7 ‘ATodova Kat "Aprepey 6 Loxéatpav

noe Ilocesddwva yenoxor, evvootyatoy,

Kal Oéurv aidotnv eMKoBré apov T ‘Agpodtrny

“HBnv TE xpvooa repavor Kadnv te Avovny

Anrea T ‘lawertov TE dé K povov aryKuhopnTny

"HOT A éXLOV TE peyay hap pay TE Ledajuny

LDatav t Oxeavoy te péyav cal Noeta péraivav

ad\rXov T AOavdtov lepov yévos alev €ovTav.

ai vd wo? “Hotodov carn édidakav aoidny,

48

THE THEOGONY OF HESIOD

From the Heliconian Muses let us begin to sing,

who hold the great and holy mount of Helicon, and

dance on soft feet about the deep-blue spring and

the altar of the almighty son of Cronos, and, when

they have washed their tender bodies in Permessus

or in the Horse's Spring or Olmeius, make their fair,

}) lovely dances upon highest Helicon and move with

vigorous feet. Thence they arise and go abroad by

night, veiled in thick mist, and utter their song with

lovely voice, praising Zeus the aegis-holder and

queenly Hera of Argos who walks on golden sandals

and the daughter of Zeus the aegis-holder bright-

eyed Athene, and Phoebus Apollo, and Artemis who

delights in arrows, and Poseidon the earth-holder who

shakes the earth, and reverend Themis and quick-

glancing! Aphrodite, and Hebe with the crown of gold,

and fair Dione, Leto, Iapetus, and Cronos the crafty

counsellor, Kos and great Helius and bright Selene,

Karth too, and great Oceanus, and dark Night, and

the holy race of all the other deathless ones that are

for ever. And one day they taught Hesiod glorious

song while he was shepherding his lambs under holy

1 The epithet probably indicates coquettishness.

79

HESIOD

/ y> ¢ a

dpvas totpmaivov? ‘EXukwvos bio Cad éouo.

Tovee O€ pe TPwWTLaTA Deal pos pmvOOV EeLTroD,

Modcar ’Ordvptriades, Kodpat Atos airyoyoto" Pe |

Tlospéves &ypavrot, Kak edéeyyea, yaoTepes olor,

ldpwev wev0ea TOAAG Aéyelv ETUMOLTLY Opmota,

tdpuev 0, edt eOéXwpev, adnbéa ynpvcacbat.

A / n fy \ b] }

Os epacayv kovpat peyarou Atos aptemresat:

Kal ot oKHTTpov edov dadvns épulnréos OCov 30

} / Q / 6 ed 2 bé 3 o?

-opewacai, Onntov: everrvevcay O€ Lol AVONV

, / if b] J / >} ,

Géori, va Kdeloims TA T ETTOMEVA TPO T EOVTA.

, > Le / 27 '€ wn 4 J \ x7

Kal ph €KéXoVE UuvEelv waKdpw@v YévoOs AleVv EoVTO?,

an b) 5) \ an / \ d\ /

apas 6 avtas TpwTOV TE Kal VaTAaTOV aiéy aEtoev.

ada TL wor TAVTA TrEpL Spbv 7} TEpl TET ENV; 35.

Tuvn, Movodwr apywpeda, tai Art rartpt

Uuvedoal TéepTrovar péyav voov évTos ‘OvmTrou,

Eipevoal TA T CoVTA TAT eooopEeva TPO T éovTa,

Pov" opnpedoar TOV S akKamaTos péet AVON

b) / e an a / , \ 1

€K TTOMATMV HoELa yera O€ Te O@MATA TaTpos 40

\ a

Znvos éprydsovtroto Peay om NEtpioéooy |

, a a / / ’ /

oKtovapevn nyet dé Kapn vidoevtos ‘OdXUpTrou

Sopata T abavatov. al & &uBpotov dcoav ietaat

Gedy yévos aidoiov Tp@Tov KhEelovaolV aoLon

é& apyins, ods Vata cal Otvpavos evpds éttxtev, 45

Cherie ss e3) A Ss He / a Sv.

ol T €x TMV EyevovToO Deol, SwTHpEs Eawv.

} UA 9 Tn Q al or eee Oe \. Ae fa

evTepov avte Liiva, Peay TaTép nde Kal avdpor,

) / a ey na Ny uid / Li gayds

apxXoueval O vuvevat Kal EXANYOVTAL”~ aAOLONS,

1 Ludwich: 6a) Afvyouoal 7’, MSS.

80 |

THEOGONY

| Helicon, and this word first the goddesses said to_

{| me—the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus who

| holds the aegis :

“Shepherds of the wilderness, wretched things of

shame, mere bellies, we know how to speak many

false things as though they were true; but we know,

when we will, to utter true things.” |

So said the ready-voiced daughters of great Zeus, —

and they plucked and gave me a rod, a shoot of

sturdy olive, a marvellous thing, and breathed into

me a divine voice to celebrate things that shall be and

things that were aforetime; and they bade me sing

of the race of the blessed gods that are eternally,

but ever to sing of themselves both first and last. But

why all this about oak or stone ? 1

Come thou, let us begin with the Muses who gladden

the great spirit of their father Zeus in Olympus with.

their songs, telling of things that are and that shall

be and that were aforetime with consenting voice.

Unwearying flows the sweet sound from their lips,

and the house of their father Zeus the loud-thunderer

is glad at the lily-like voice of the goddesses as it

spreads abroad, and the peaks of snowy Olympus

resound, and the homes of the immortals. And they

uttering their immortal voice, celebrate in song first

of all the reverend race of the gods from the

_ beginning, those whom Earth and wide Heaven

begot, and the gods sprung of these, givers of good

things. Then, next, the goddesses sing of Zeus, the

father of gods and men, as they begin and end their

strain, how much he is the most excellent among the

1 A proverbial saying meaning, ‘‘ why enlarge on irrele-

vant topics ?”’ ,

SI

HESIOD

doaov pépTaros éoTt Oedy Kpatel TE peytaTos.

adr is oe avOpamav Te yévos KpaTepav te Luyavtov 5

Upvetroar Téptrovat Atos voov évtos "Odvptrov

Motvoat ‘Odvptriddes, Kodpar Aros atrysoxoo.

Tas év Usepin Kpovidn téxe matpi pyetoa

Mynuocvvn, youvoiow ’KXevOnpos pedéovaa, |

ANT MOTUVHVY TE KAKOV AuTravpa Te wEepuNnpdwv. Bil

evvea yap OL VUKTOS EuioyeTo pntieta Levs |

voo pu at’ alavarov Lepov EXoS eccavaBaivor:

GX OTE ON p p EveauTos env, Tept O éTpam ov apa

peqvev pOwvovtov, mepl d uaTa TOAN éTehécOn, |

nO érex’ évvéa Kovpas opodpovas, yaw aolon 6C

Aue ti éy oTHVecou, axnodéa Ovuov eyovoals,

TuTOov am akpotaTyns Kopudys vidoevtos O)vp-

TOU.

évba apy AuTrapot Te Xopot Kal dopata aad

Tap & avT HS Xaperes TE Ka’ "Tpepos otKe eXovow a

év Oantns: eparny de O1a oTOMa dooav Leto aL 65]

[LENTOVTAL TAVYT@V TE VOMLOUS Kal HOGA KEdVa :

adavatov KrEiovasy, érnpatov boca iEeioat.

at ToT icav mpos"Ohupr ov ayarhopevat Om Kah,

apBpooty podmiy: Tept oO laye yata pédawva |

bpvevoass, EPaTos. b€ mooey i bT0 SovTOS Op@peEt 70)

YLoTOMEVvov Tatép els Ov" 00 ovpave eu Bacthever,

AUTOS eyo Bpovrny no aiGadoevra KEpauvor,

KapTEL VLKNTAS TOT EPA Kpovov- ed 06 € éxaora

aSavarous bséTa&ev ouas Kal éréhpace Tipmdas.

Tair dpa Modoar aedov, Odtvpria douaT

Eyvouc a, 75 |

évvéa Ovyatépes peryanou Atos éxyeyaviar, :

Krew 7 Kttéprn te Oarerad re Medrropevy te

Tepirryopyn 7 Epateé re Worvpmd + Ovpavin te

82

THEOGONY

gods and supreme in power. And again, they chant.

) the race of men and strong giants, and gladden the

} heart of Zeus within Olympus,—the Olympian

| Muses, daughters of Zeus the aegis-holder.

| Them in Pieria did Mnemosyne (Memory), who

reigns over the hills of Eleuther, bear of union with

the father, the son of Cronos, a forgetting of ills and

arest from sorrow. For nine nights did wise Zeus lie

with her, entering her holy bed remote from the im-

mortals. And when a year was passed and the

seasons came round as the months waned, and many

days were accomplished, she bare nine daughters,

all of one mind, whose hearts are set upon song and

their spirit free from care, a little way from the top-

most peak of snowy Olympus. There are their bright

dancing-places and beautiful homes, and beside them

the Graces and Himerus (Desire) live in delight.

) And they, uttering through their lips a lovely voice,

sing the laws of all and the goodly ways of the

immortals, uttering their lovely voice. Then went

they to Olympus, delighting in their sweet voice,-

with heavenly song, and the dark earth resounded

about them as they chanted, and a lovely sound rose.

up beneath their feet as they went to their father.

And he was reigning in heaven, himself holding the

lightning and glowing thunderbolt, when he had

overcome by might his father Cronos ; and he distri-

buted fairly to the immortals their portions and

declared their privileges.

These things, then, the Muses sang who dwell

on Olympus, nine daughters begotten by great

Zeus, Cleio and Euterpe, Thaleia, Melpomene and

Terpsichore, and Erato and Polyhymnia and Urania

83

G 2

HESIOD

Kadhduo7n 8 %) b€ mpodepectaty éotly aTracéov.

\ \ fa) J a

) yap Kai Bacitredow ap atdotocow omnoei. cre |

év Twa Tiunowot Atos KOUpal mEeyadoLo

/ / 16 1 } / Mi

yeLvomevov TE LOwal + CLoTpEepewV BadLAHOD,

T@ pev ETL YAWoON YAUKEPHVY YEeLovaw eépaony,

TOU O éme EK TTOMATOS pet pethuxya: ol bE TE NADL

TavTes és avtov opwat Staxpivovta Oéwiotas 85

> / / a edi tJ f p) / |

iOcinar dixnow: 0 5 acdaréws ayopevov

aia Ke” Kal péya vetKos émtoTapevw@s KaTté-

WAVED

sf \ a Sb, 4 la)

ToUVEKa yap Baotrtes éxeppoves, obveca davis

PraTrropévois ayopnde peTarpoTra, epya TEACUCE

pnotos, paraxoter TApAarpapevor émréeoo WwW. 90

épyowevoy & av aryava * Geov a as (Ado KovTas

aidot pethexty, fh eT, S€ TpETEL GYPOMEVOLO LD’

TON é sy sly hak vepy) doats avO porovoww.

éx yap tor Movaéwy cai ExnBorov ‘Atrodd@VOS

BA 3 No b) \ If N / |

avdpes aoLool éacw emt yOova Kat KiGapioTai, 95

éx d€ Atos Bacidthes: 0 6 6XBLOs, Ov Twa Movoat

Pir@vTat’ yAvKEpy) Ol ATO TTOMATOS Peel AVON.

el yap TLs Kab mevoos exon veoKnoee dune

agnrat Kpadiny AKAXNMLEVOS, avTap dowdos |

Movodov Geparrav Kréea > TpoTEepov avOporov 100

Upvyion pakapas Te Peods, ob OXvprrov éxovow,

lox b] v4 / 3 / 3 id

airy 6 ye dvodpocvvémy émidHPeTar ovdé Tt

KNOEWV

A / oc / } a @ /

peuvntas Tayéews O€ TapéetTpaTe OWpa Deaav.

Xatpere, Téxva Acos, dote & ipepoecoav aovdyv.

1 Themistius, Stobaeus: 7° éofSwor or étldwor, MSS.

2 A: te, MSS. > A and Scholiasts: ava &etv, MSS.

4 A: oid te, MSS. 5 Nauck : raAeia, MSS.

34

THEOGONY

and Calliope,! who is the chiefest of them all, for

she attends on worshipful princes: whomsoever

| of heaven-nourished princes the daughters of great

Zeus honour, and behold him at his birth, they

pour sweet dew upon his tongue, and from his lips

flow gracious words. All the people look towards

him while he settles causes with true judgements:

and he, speaking surely, would soon make wise end

even of a great quarrel ; for therefore are there princes

wise in heart, because when the people are being

misguided in their assembly, they set right the matter

again with ease, persuading them with gentle words.

And when he passes through a gathering, they greet

him as a god with gentle reverence, and he is con-

spicuous amongst the assembled: such is the holy

gift of the Muses to men. For it is through the

Muses and far-shooting Apollo that there are singers

and harpers upon the earth; but princes are of

Zeus, and happy is he whom the Muses love: sweet

flows speech from his mouth. For though a man

have sorrow and grief in his newly-troubled soul and

live in dread because his heart is distressed, yet,

when a singer, the servant of the Muses, chants the

glorious deeds of men of old and the blessed gods

who inhabit Olympus, at once he forgets his heavi-

ness and remembers not his sorrows at all; but the

gifts of the goddesses soon turn him away from these.

Hail, children of Zeus! Grant lovely song and

1 «*She of the noble voice”: Calliope is queen of Kpic

poetry.

85

.

HESIOD a |

KreLeTE 0 AOavatwy Lepov yévos alév éovTwr, 105/)

of Ds 7 éEeyévovto Kat Ovpavod doTepoevTos,

Nu«ros TE ovopephs, ous & a.m pos eTpepe Ilévros.

elm are }, os Ta mpara Geot Kal yata yévovTo

Kal TOTAMLOL KAL TOVTOS derelpiros, oldpare Oviwv,)

dorpa TE hapmeTowvTa Kab OUPAVOS evpus bm epOev 110)

[ot r é« TaV éyévovTo Geol, Swipes édav *|.

OS T a evos Sdooavro Kal ws TLMAS OtéAovTO

noe Kab OS TA TpOTAa ToAUTTUXOY EayoV

“OnXuptrov. '

TavTa or éomete Modoat, ‘Odvpmia SopaT |

eNovoar |

é& a a pXAS: Kaul eimal, 6 TL 7 p@TOv ever’ autre. 115

"HL rou pe TPOTLT TO Xdos yéver’, avrap emelTa

Tat’ eupvaTEpVos, TavT@V 00S aapanes atel

a aVaTOV, ot éexouae Kapn vipoevtos ‘OXvmtTrov,* |

Taptapa 7 HepoevTa. px xGoves evpvodeins, |

n0 Epos, 0 OS Kahuo ros év aPavarove Jeota, 120.

AvolpwEedtys, TavTey Se Oe@v TavT@Y T avOpaT@V

Sdpvatat ev oTH Pecos voov Kal eTibpova BouvrAnp.

éx Xdeos 0 EpeBos Te pehawa TE NvE éyévovto:

Nu«ros 8 avr ALOnp Te Kal H mEpn efeyevovro, |

ods TEéKE KUTAMEDVN "EpéBev prrornte puyeloa. 125

Data 6€ Tot Tp@Tov pev éryetvarto ig ov EaUTH * - _

Ovpavov actepocv0’, iva pw mwepl wavTa Kadv-

TOL;

1 Rzach (cf. 1. 131): @dwv, MSS.

2 Omitted by A, Theophilus, Hippolytus.

3 Theophilus, Hippolytus, and all MSS. Plato, Aristotle _

and others do not know the line, which is clearly spurious.

4 MBS. : €wurq, A, Theophilus.

86

Fs one

Oa

-

as

THEOGONY

celebrate the holy race ef the deathless gods who

are for ever, those that were born of Earth ae starry

Heaven and gloomy Night and them that briny Sea

did rear. Tell how at the first gods and earth came

ty pe and rivers, and the boundless sea with its

ra.,mg swell, and the gleaming stars, and the wide

heaven above, and the gods who were born of them,

givers of good things, “and how they divided their

wealth, and how they shared their honours amongst

them, and also how at the first they took many-

folded Olympus. These things declare to me from

the beginning, ye Muses who dweil in the house of

Olympus, and teil me pen of them first came to

OE

Verily at the first Eiiog came to be, but next

wide-bosomed Earth, the ever-sure foundation of all}

the deathless ‘ones who hold the peaks of snowy

Olympus, and dim Tartarus in the depth of the wide-

_pathed Earth, and Eros (Love), fairest among. the

deathless gods, who unnerves the limbs and over-

comes the mind and wise counsels of all gods and all

men within them. From Chaos came forth Erebus

and black Night; but of Night were born Aether ?

and Day, whom she conceived and bare from union

in love with Erebus. And Eartb-first bare starry

Heaven, equal to herself, to cover her on every

1 Karth, in the cosmology of Hesiod, is a disk surrounded

‘by the river Oceanus and floating upon a waste of waters. Itis

called the foundation of all (the qualification ‘‘ the deathless

ones ...” etc. is an interpolation), because not only trees,

men, and animals, but even the hills and seas (ll. 129, 131)

are supported by it.

2 Aether is the bright, untainted upper atmosphere, as

distinguished from Aér, the lower atmosphere of the earth.

Cy

HESIOD

oop ein paKaperar Jeois &05 aapanes ate.

yelwaro 6 Ovpea pakpa, Oedy KaplevTas évavdous, |

Nupdéwr, at vatovow av’ oupea Bnoonevta. 13¢H

i) O€ Kal aTpUyeToV TédXayos TéKEV, OlOmaTL OvtoV,' —

Bubs aTEp pidoTHT0s ep pépou" avr da.p ETELT ID,

Ovpare evvnbeioa, TéEK ‘Oxeavov Badvoiwny, Re

Kotov te Kpiov o “Trreptova T "lametov Te |

@ciav te “Petav Te Oémiv Te Mon poo buny TE 135)

PoiBnv TE xpucoatebavoy TObv T cparesvyy.

TOUS b€ él” omArotatos yéveto Kpovos ayxudo-

LTS,

SewvoTatos Taidwv: Oanrepov S nXOnpe TOKHG.

Deivaro S atv’ Kierwras wtrépBiov HT OP

EvovTas,

Boovrny te Yrepownv te kat “Apynv oBpimo- —

Gumov, 140.

of Znvi Bpovrny Te Socay TevEav TE KEpaUVOV.

of dn ToL Ta ev GrAXa Oeois évadiyKtolr Hoav,”

povvos 8 obOadmos mécow evéxerTo MeTOTO.

Ktkror7es & dvom’ hoav ére@vupov, otvex’ dpa

ohéwv |

KUKNOTEPNS opGarpos EELS EVEKELTO HETOT(0" OO) 4a

icxvs 0 Hoe Bin Kat pnxavas Hoav ew Epyous.

"AdNXoL 0 av Dains TE Ka Ovpavod eeyevovTo

T pets TALOES EeyaNot TE KAL | Spt j.06, 0 OUK ovopLac Tol,

Korros Te Bpsdpews TE Dons 0, vTrep hava TEKDO.,

TOV EKATOV peev xetpes ar @ [LOV dlocovTo\ ae LD

amhaor ot, ceparal O€ € EKATTO TEVTHKOVTA /

é& Mur eméepvKov ert ori Bapotat pédeoow"

1 A: @vov, MSS.

2 In place of this line Crates read—

of & ef abavarwy Ovnrol rpddev avdhertes.

838

'THEOGONY

=

| side, and to be an ever-sure abiding-place for the

| blessed gods. And she brought forth long Hills,

|. graceful haunts of the goddess-Nymphs who dwell

amongst the glens of the hills. She bare also the

fruitless deep with his raging swell, Pontus, without

sweet union of love. But afterwards she she la ay with

Heaven and bare deep-swirling Oceanus, Ce Coeus_and

Grius and Hyperion and Tapetus, Theia and Rhea,

| Themis and Mnemosyne and_gold-crowned Phoebe

| and lovely Tethys. After them was born Cronos

_ the wily, youngest and most terrible of her children,

and he hated his lusty sire.

And again, she bare the Cyclopes, overbearing in

spirit, Brontes, and Steropes and stubborn-hearted

Arges,’ who gave Zeus the thunder and made the

thunderbolt: in all else they were like the gods,

but one eye only was set in the midst of their fore-

heads. And they were surnamed Cyclopes (Orb-eyed)

because one orbed eye was set in their foreheads.

Strength and might and craft were in their works.

And again, three other sons were born of Earth

and Heaven, great and doughty beyond telling,

Cottus_and Briareos and Gyes, presumptuous

children. From their shoulders sprang an hundred

arms, not to be approached, and each had fifty heads

upon his shoulders on their strong limbs, and

* Brontes is the Thunderer ; Steropes, the Lightener ; and

Arges, the Vivid One.

39

HESIOD

loxus & drAnTOos Kparepn were ey

dacoe yap Vains te eat Ovpavod efeyevovto,

SELvOTATOL Traideor, operépp & xXGovro TOKIL | |

e& axis: Kat TOV eV dmes TUS mpara es: He

TAVTAS SEPT | Kab €s pdos OUK avt

Tains év Kev pov, KaK@ 0 €meTépTEeTo Epy@

Ovpavos. i) 0 évTds crovayitero Tata redopn

aorewwopévn coriny 6€ Kaxhy +t ébpaccaTo ~

TEYUNY. 160)

—ainba, aq O€ TOUT AG O. YELOS 7 TONLOU addpavTos |

TebEe peya Spémavov Kal em ep pace ' Taal pirovorw:

elme O€ Japruvovea, piNov TETIN{LEVT) nTOp* |

Ilaides uot kat watpos atac@anrov, ai K

~“ebEXNTE— |

meiBecbar, TATPOS Ke auseny Tuga peBa | any 165)

bpeTepou" T pOTEpos yap deueka unoaro & Epya. |

mes pato: ros 8 dpa mdvtas exer Séos, obSé

TLS AVTOV

pOeyEaro. Japancas 5€ péyas Kpovos ayxvno-

paprns ee)

aw avtis podovor m™poonvoa, pnrépa Kedvny-

Mijtep, eyo Kev TovTO y omen are Tehe- |

TOL pt afl yhunrt 170.

epyov; émrel TAT POS rye ¢ Sucovtpou ovK dineyito

7m MET Epo" TpoTEpos yap deLKed pnoato épya.

“Os hato: ynOncer, dé péya pect aia mehepn.

: clare 8é piv kptrpaca NbN" ‘eveOnge Serxep atv |

WapTrny Kapxapooovra: OoAov o REN ots & ‘TavtTa. 175 |

"HNGe bé vier érdywv pwéyas Ovpavos, api dé

Tain

imeipwv dirOTHTOS éméoxeTo Kal p eTavvaOn

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4

a

THEOGONY

- irresistible was the stubborn strength that was in

| - their great forms. For of all the children that were

i born of Earth and Heaven, these were the most

| terrible, and they were hated by their own father

| from the first. And he used to hide them all away

| in a secret place of Earth so soon as each was

born, and would not suffer them to come up into the

light : and Heaven rejoiced in his evil doing. But

4 vast Earth groaned within, being straitened, and she

a ‘thought a crafty and an evil wile. Forthwith she

| made the element of grey flint and shaped a great

sickle, and told her plan to her dear sons. And she

spoke, cheering them, while she was vexed in her

| dear heart:

“My hildren. otten of a sinful father, if you will

obey me, we should punish the vile outrage of your

father; for he first thought of doing shameful things.”

So she said; but fear seized them all, and none

of them uttered a word. But great Cronos the wily

took courage and answered his dear mother :

“Mother, I will undertake to do this deed, for I

reverence not our father of evil name, for he first

thought of doing shameful things.”’

So he said: and vast Earth rejoiced greatly in

spirit, and set and hid him in an ambush, and put in

his hands a jagged sickle, and revealed to him the

whole plot.

And Heaven came, bringing on night and longing

for love, and he lay about Earth spreading himself full

QI

(

; rf

r eooup VOWS ihunoe, radu o eppupe incba:

: “ea BBan am nT el poLo TONUKAUG p evi TOVTO,

HESIOD ; | ‘| |

maven 06 é« NoYEoLO Tats aphire mst » sipcel |

‘oxath, SeEvteph Oe Tw prov éhra Bev iprny At

pany cae gmpORGET sy pinay O amo pjoea Ta-

(ALT, OS ( 18¢fj

eCoriaw: Ta peusov TL ETWOLA EKPUYE Xeupos™

boca yap pabdjuryysstdmécouOev aijiat oer oat,

jeden deEaro Tata: TE PLT ANOLEVOY 0 éviavTav

yetvat “Kpwds Te (o pi Mlb Te Tiryav- |

, TAS; 5 185)

TEVYETL NapTropéevous, Sanindy eyxeu xepoww ExOv-

TAS, yaw. ay ey 5 |

Nipodas 0 as Medtas Kahéovo ew ’ daretpova yatav.

penoea O as TO T pOrTov aTOT LN AR adapayTt

Os hépeT ap TENAYOS Touhuy y povor, eel

evKos os f} 190

adpos aw aBavarov xpoos Bpvuros QS Loopy A

eOpehOn: Tp@Tov 6é Kd jpovow amg foie @

eTANT évOev erreita arepip pvtov | teeTg Ov.. |

éx O eBy-aidoin Ka «Obs, appl S8on ot, Sa” |

TOoColWVTO padivoiaw déEero: THY 0A aie 195)

[adpoyevéa te Deady Kai euarépavey” Kvdé €laV *]

KUM TROUT Oeot Te Kal avepes, oben. 4 adpe

OpébOn: aTap Kuteperawl? OTL Mise ‘Ko-

ee

Onpous:

Kumrpoyevéa 6, ore yévTO oe évt Kimpo

noe Si Haine tere OTL UNdéwV éfepadvOn. e% 200

. 1 -

1 The line possibly belongs to another recension: it was

rejected by Heyne as interrupting the sense.

Q2

THEOGONY

} upon exe Then the son from his ambush stretched

| forth his left hand and in his right took the great

| long sickle with jagged teeth, and swiftly lopped off

his own father’s members and cast them away to fall

behind him. And not vainly did they fall from his

hand ; forall the bloody drops that gushed forth

Earth récéived, and as the seasons moved round she

bare the strong Erinyes and the great Giants with

gleaming armour, holding long spears in their hands,

and the Nymphs whom they call Meliae? all over the

boundless earth. And so soon as he had cut off

the members with flint and cast them from the land

into the surging sea, they were swept away over the

main a long time: and a white foam spread around

them from the immortal flesh, and in it there grew

amaiden. First she drew near holy Cythera, and

from there, afterwards, she came to sea-girt Cyprus,

and came forth an awful and lovely goddess, and grass

grew up about her beneath her shapely feet. Her

gods and men call Aphrodite, and the foam-born

goddess and rich-crowned Cytherea, because she

grew amid the foam, and Cytherea because she

reached Cythera, and Cyprogenes because she was

born in billowy Cyprus, and Philommedes? because

* The myth accounts for the separation of Heaven and

Karth. In Egyptian cosmology Nut (the Sky) is thrust and

held apart from her brother Geb (the Earth) by their father

Shu, who corresponds to the Greek Atlas.

2 Nymphs of the ash-trees (uéAva:), as Dryads are nymphs

of the oak-trees. Cp. note on Works and Days, |. 145.

3 “* Member-loving”’: the title is perhaps only a perversion

of the regular piAouerd7s (laughter-loving).

ea)

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“yewopern Ta Tpata Oedv Tes POV lovon*s

HESIOD

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TavTny 0 €& apyis Tyuny ever NOE NENOYYE

fotpay év avOR@TEOUT L Kat adavatoict Oeoict, |

Tapbevious T oapous wedSimata T éamdras PV |

pOeviovs. 7 odpous pierdy}p méras 76 200i

oy

If : ue &.

téprip Te yAuKepny pidOTHTA TE pmeLALYinv Te. -

yTous.6é matnp Tithvas érixhnow Kahéeoxe

Tatcas velkelwv jueyas Ovpares, ods TEKEV AUTOS"

/ we “pay GA UN Ge 6 fis Rigg cy “D's }

PacKE 0€ TITALVOVTAS ATAgVahin Meya peear” |

epyov, toto 8 ére:ta Ticw peTomabev EceoOat. 210)

Nvé & érexey otuyepov te Mopov nat Kijpa

péeNatvav :

Kal @dvatov, téxe O “Trvov, étixte d€ PvXOv

‘Oveipov: |

devTepov av Ma@por cal ‘Orldv adywoeocav 2149

ov Tie KotunOetoa Oca Téxe NUE épeBevvn,? — 2139

‘Eorrepioas 6’, 957 uhra Tépnv KAUTOD O.xeavoio 215)

VOUTEA KANA médovot hépovTa Te SevdpEea KAPTTOV.

kat Moipas cat Kijpas éyetvato vyAeotoivous, -

Kr\ofe te Adyeciv te eal Atpotror, aite Bporotat

ryetvopevotoe OLoovaw Eye ayalov TE KAKO TE, |

air avdpav te Oey Te TapatBactas édétrova.v: 220

ovoé Tote Ajyouat Deal Sewvoto YoXroto, |

Tp Y a0 TO OOwWoL KAaKHY OTLEY, OS TLS ALaPTN.

tieTe 06 Kal Néucow, wha Ovntotat Bportotcr,

Nv& codon peta tv & “Amarny téxe kal

DiroTynTA |

[‘jpds 7 oddopevov, kat ”Kipw téxe KaptepoOupor. 225

1 Schoemann’s order.

2 Rzach: ais, MSS.

94

THEOGONY

she sprang from the members. And with her went

| Eros, and comely Desire followed her at her birth at

the first and as she went into the assembly of the gods.

This honour she has from the beginning, and this is

the portion allotted to her amongst men and undying

gods,—the whisperings of maidens and smiles and

deceits with sweet delight and love and graciousness.

. But these sons whom he begot himself great

Neavemr need to call Titans (Strainers) in reproach,

for he said that they strained and did presumptuously

a fearful deed, and that vengeance for it would come

afterwards.

And Night bare hateful Doom and black Fate and

Death, and she bare Sleep and the tribe of Dreams.

And again the goddess murky Night, though she

lay with none, bare Blame and painful Woe, and the

Hesperides who guard the rich, golden apples and

the trees bearing fruit beyond glorious Ocean.

Also she bare the Destinies and ruthless avenging

Fates, Clotho and Lachesis and Atropos,! who give

men at their birth both evil and good to have, and

they pursue the transgressions of men and of gods:

and these goddesses never cease from their dread

anger until they punish the sinner with a sore’

penalty. . Also deadly Night bare Nemesis (Indig-

nation) to afflict mortal men, and after her, Deceit

and Friendship and hateful Age and hard-hearted

Strife.

1 Clotho (the Spinner) is she who spins the thread of

man’s life ; Lachesis (the Disposer of Lots) assigns to each

man his destiny ; Atropos (She who cannot be turned) is the

‘Fury with the abhorréd shears.”

G5

HESIOD

Av’tap "Epis otuyep) téxe wey ovov adyivo-

evTa

AxjOny te Atwov te Kal” AdXyea Saxpvoerta

‘Topivas te Mayas te Povovs 7 ’Avdpoxtacias

TE

Neixed Te Yrevoeas te Aoyous “Appirroyias TE

Avovopiny tT “Arny te, cvvnbeas adrAndyow,

"Opxov &, Os 6) wretoTov émuyOovious avOpa-

TOUS

THwaiver, OTE KEV TLS EKOY émriopKov omoron.

Napéa & avveviéa cat anna yelvaro Tlovtos,

mpeo BUTaTov TaLowy" autap Kanéougt yepovTa,

ovveKa VNLEPTIS Te Kal TLS, ovoé OemsoTé@y

AnGerar, ana diKaLa kal HT Onvea oidev’

avtis 6 av Oavyuavta péyav Kal aynvopa Dopxuy

Tain wsoyopevos Kat Knt@ Kcadrdurapyov

EvpuBinv + UDA HAYTOS evi ppeat Ovpov éyoud av.

Nnpijos 6) éyévovTo peynpara, TEKVA Oedwv

TOVTD € év atpuyéto Kat Awptoos T]UKO 1010,

KOUPNS ‘Oxeavoio, TENNEVTOS TOTAHOL0,

TlAwre) 7 Evepavtn te Law 7 ‘A pperpiry TE

Hvdwpyn te O€tis TE eae te ['‘NavKn TE

Kupo6on Liev te Gon e ‘Adin T épdecoa

ILacien Th ‘Epato TE Kal Kovixy podomnxys

kat Merirn Kapleroa kal Ed\pévyn kal “Ayavy

AwT@ Te Ipare TE Pepoved Te Avvapévn TE

Nyoain te cal Axtatn cat Upwropédera

Aapts cal Tavorea? cal everdns Vararera

‘ImaoOon 7 époecca kal ‘Immovon podomnxus

1 Rzach : Tpwrd, MSS.

2 Hermann: Mavdéan, MSS.

96

THEOGONY

But aed. Strife bare painful Toil and-

| Forgetfulness and Famine and tearful Sorrows,

| Fightings also, Battles, Murders, Manslaughters,

Quarrels, Lying Words, Disputes, Lawlessness and

Ruin, all of one nature, and Oath who most troubles

men upon earth when anyone wilfully swears a false

oath.

And Sea begat Nereus, the eldest of his children,

who is true and lies not: and men call him the Old

Man because he is trusty and gentle and does not

forget the laws of righteousness, but thinks just and

kindly thoughts. And yet again he got great Thaumas

and proud Phorcys, being mated with Earth, and

fair-cheeked Ceto and Eurybia who has a heart of

flint within her.

And of Nereus and rich-haired Doris, daughter

of Ocean the perfect river, were born children,!

passing lovely amongst goddesses, Ploto, EKucrante,

Sao, and Amphitrite, and Eudora, and Thetis, Galene

and Glauce, Cymothoé, Speo, Thoé and lovely Halie, |

and Pasithea, and Erato, and rosy-armed Eunice, and

gracious Melite, and Eulimene, and Agaue, Doto,

Proto, Pherusa, and Dynamene, and Nisaea, and

Actaea, and Protomedea, Doris, Panopea, and comely

Galatea, and lovely Hippothoé, and rosy-armed

1 Many of the names which follow express various qualities

or aspects of the sea: thus Galene is ‘‘ Calm,’’ Cymothoé is

the ‘‘ Wave-swift,” Pherusa and Dynamene are ‘‘She who

speeds (ships) ”’ and ‘‘She who has power.”

97

HESIOD

Kupodonn 0°, 4) KonaT éy NEpoELoes TOVT@ |

TVOLAS TE Caco * aVE wOoV ovuv Kuparornyn |

peta mpnuver Kat evo pup “Aperpiry, |

Kupo 7 ’Heovn te évo rébavos O° Adupnon 28

[XavKovopun Te pirouperdys kal Ilovtomopera

Anaryopn TE Kab Evayopn Kab Aaopedeva

IlovAvvon? te Kal Avtovon cat Avotdvacca

Evdpyn Te hun if épaty Kal €idos Le [LOS i

Kab Vapadn Napier oa déuas din te Mera 26)

Nyco 7 Edrropry TE Oemora te IIpovon Te |

Nypeptys 0,4) TAT OS éyer voov aBavaroto.

QUTAL WeV Napijos Gp. {LOVOS ef eyevovTo

KoUpaL TEVTNKOVTO, apvpova Epya touiat. |

Oavpas 6 ‘O.xeavoio Babuppeitao Guyatpa 26)

nyaryeT ‘Hy exr pny: no KELLY TEKEV ‘Ipw |

UKOMLOUS 0 “Apruias ‘AEhAW T ‘O«vrerny TE,

at p avépov Trvolnol Kal Olw@vots Gp ETrovTaL

OKELNS TTEpUyET oe’ peTaX poviat yap tannov.

Popxvi So av Kyte T'paias téxe KANT APHOVS 27

eK YEVETHS TONGS, TAS on Tpatas Kad€ovo ly |

abavatot Te Jeol yapal épxouevot tT avOpwrrot,

Tlewdpnd@ 7 évremAov “Evu@ Te kpoxotem Aor,

Topyovs @, at vaiovot tépny KrXVTOV OKeavoio

éoyatin mpos Nuxtés, & Komepises Nuytdwvor, 27.

YGevve tT Evpudrn te Médoved te Avypa Tra-

dovoa,

i 7) meév equ Ovntn, at & a@avatot Kat aye,

at Ovo: TH O€ [Lh TapEnefaro Kvavoxairns

ey Haran Netwove. Kal avOeow eLaptvotow.

Ths & OTe On Llepoeds Kehadny amrederpoTopynaer, 28

1 Bergk : (adéwy, MSS.

2 Peppmiiller : MovAvydun, MSS.

98

THEOGONY

Hipponoé, and Cymodoce who with Cymatolege! and

1. Amphitrite easily calms the waves upon the misty

| sea and the blasts of raging winds, and Cymo, and

Eione, and rich-crowned Alimede, and Glauconome,

| fond of laughter, and Pontoporea, Leagore, Euagore,

| and Laomedea, and Polynoé, and Autonoé, and

| Lysianassa, and Euarne, lovely of shape and without

blemish of form, and Psamathe of charming figure

and divine Menippe, Neso, Eupompe, Themisto,

Pronoé, and Nemertes? who has the nature of her

deathless father. These fifty daughters sprang from

} . blameless Nereus, skilled in excellent crafts.

And Thaumas wedded Electra the daughter of

deep-flowing Ocean, and she bare him swift Iris and

the long-haired Harpies, Aéllo (Storm-swift) and

Ocypetes (Swift-flier) who on their swift wings keep

pace with the blasts of the winds and the birds; for

quick as time they dart along.

_ And again, Ceto bare to Phorcys the eae cheeked

Graiae, sisters grey from their birth: and both

deathless gods and men who walk on earth call

them Graiae, Pemphredo well-clad, and saffron-robed

Enyo, and the Gorgons who dwell beyond glorious

Ocean in the frontier land towards Night where are

the clear-voiced Hesperides, Sthenno, and Euryale,

and Medusa who suffered a woeful fate: she was

mortal, but the two were undying and grew not old.

With her lay the Dark-haired One? in a soft meadow

amid spring flowers. And when Perseus cut off her

1 The ‘‘ Wave-receiver” and the ‘‘ Wave-stiller.”’

he Unermneg ” or ‘* Truthful’; ep. 1. 235.

~ 8 4.e, Poseidon.

9

H 2

HESIOD

exOope Xpvoaep TE peyas Kal IIjyacos ¢ (M08.

TO pev eT @VUMOV HEV, OT Oeavod Tept myas

ev’ u 5° aop xpucesov eyvov pera XEpat pirnow.

VO pev aTOTTAMEVOS TpodktTT@V Oova,. pwnTépa

HOY, |

ixeT €> ABavarous: Znvos 6 év d@pact vaier 28

Bpovrny TE oTEpoTrHy TE Pépov Auli pyntioev te. |

Xpuodwp o érexev T pixepanov Dnpvovia

px els Kadhipon Koupn KNUTOD Oxeavoto.

TOV [eV ap. éEevaprée Bin “Hpaxdyety |

Bovot TO, Ei hLTTOOET OL TE pLppuT@ elv “KipuOein 29

HUATL TOD O76 Ep Bods iacev eVPULET@TTOUS |

Tipuvé’ ets Lepny dvaPas TOpov ‘OKneavoio

"OpGov te KTeLvas Kal (BoveonXov Kvputiava

oTab ud év nepoevTe TEpnY KXUVTOD OKEavoro.

“Ho érex’ aXXo Téh@pov ALN AVOV, OVOEV EOLKOS 294

Ounrots avOpwotrots 006 abavatoict Geoiow,

ome Eve raup@ Jeiny xpatepodpov ”Ey.dvayr,

ijpeov ev voppny EXLK@TLOA Kader apyon,

Hutov © avtTe TEXWPOY Ohiv SELVOV TE LeyaV TE |

atoNov OUNeTHY cabens vmo Kevdect yains. B06

év0a Oé ol oméos €oTl KATH KOiAN VITO TETPY

THAOD ant aavatov te Oeav Ounrav T avOporrav:

ev dpa ot Sdocayto Geot KUTA Oo para vate.

iO EpuT ety Apipoow t VIO xGovr huypn’ ‘Eydva,

abeuntos voppn Kal arynpaos npara TwavTa. 30:

TH dé Tuddova pace purynprevaue éV prrornre

Sevvov 0 iBpiotny tT dvopov O édix@LoL Kobpn

7 oO DroKVGapevy TEKETO Kparepoppova TEKVG.

"Opbov fev TPOTOV KUVA yelvaTo Pnpvovije: |

OevTEpov avrLs eT LET ED AUNXAVOY OU TL parevov 31(

KépBepov aunoripy, Aisew xiva yarxedpovor, |

ax

TOO

J

THEOGONY

head, there sprang forth great Chrysaor and the horse ~

Pegasus who is so called because he was born near

| the springs (pegae) of Ocean ; and that other, because

| he held a golden blade (aor) in his hands. Now

Pegasus flew away and left the earth, the mother of

i} flocks, and came to the deathless gods: and he

dwells in the house of Zeus and brings to wise Zeus

the thunder and lightning. . But Chrysaor was joined

in love to Callirrhoé, the daughter of glorious Ocean,

and begot three-headed Geryones. Him mighty

Heracles slew in sea-girt Erythea by his shambling

oxen on that day when he drove the wide-browed

oxen to holy Tiryns, and had crossed. the ford of

Ocean and killed Orthus and Eurytion the herdsman

in the dim stead out beyond glorious Ocean.

And in a hollow cave she bare another monster,

irresistible, in no wise like either to mortal men or

to the undying gods, even the goddess fierce Echidna

who is half a nymph with glancing eyes and fair

cheeks, and half again a huge snake, great and

awful, with speckled skin, eating raw flesh beneath

the secret parts of the holy earth. And there she has

a cave deep down under a hollow rock far from the

} deathless gods and mortal men. There, then, did the

gods appoint her a glorious house to dwell in : and she

keeps guard in Arima beneath the earth, grim Echid-

na, a nymph who dies not nor grows old all her days.

Mer say that Typhaon the terrible, outrageous and

lawless, was joined in love to her, the maid with

glancing eyes. So she conceived and brought forth

fierce offspring ; first she bare Orthus the hound of

Geryones, and then again she bare a second, a

monster not to be overcome and that may not be

described, Cerberus who eats raw flesh, the brazen-

Iot

HESIOD

TEVTNKOVTAKEPAAOY, AVALOEA TE KPATEPOV TE

TO T ploy , Topny avTLS éyewvaro Auypa ioviav

Aepvainy, nv Opéerve dea Nevew@r€evos °Hpy |

dim nt ov Kotéoura Bin ‘Hpaxdnetn. | B |

Kal THY pev Avos vids evnpaTo vNret YANK@ mr |

Apditpveoviddys oUV apnupih "ToAdw

‘Hpaxrens Boukjow "AOnvains ivyeheins.

i) 6€ Xipacpav ¢ ETLKTE TVEOUTAY AMLALMaKETOV TUP,

Seba Te meyadny Te TOOWKEA Te KPATEPHVY Te 32

Ths © hv Tpeis Keharat' pia pev. Xaporroio

NEOV TOS,

i) O€ xtpaipns, 1) 0 Odhtos, KpaTEpoio SpakovTos,

[mpoobe Néwv, Omiley Sé Spdkov, peoon é

Xtparpa,

devon a aTroTTVELovaa TUpos [LEVOS aiPopevoro.*|

THv pwev LInyacos cide Kat €oPX0s BedrepodorTns. 32!

9 © dpa Pix’ orXonv tTéxe Kadpetorow OXeOpov

"Op Oe vrobpunbeioa Nepevatov Te eovTa,

Tov p “Hon Opepaca Awos «udp TApaKouTes

youvoiaw KATEVATTE Nepeins, 7H le avO pwrrots.

ev? ap O OLKEL@Y ehepaipero Pon avOporor,

KOLpaveoD Tpyrtoto Nepeins nO Amécavtos’

ANNG €-1S eddpuacce Bins ‘Hpakhneins.

3 Kyte om omhoTaTov Popeve piroTnTe puyeioa

yelvato Oewvov Oty, Os epemnis Kev0ect yains

melpacw év [LeryanXous mayXpvoea pnra puraoce. 33!

TovTo pev é« Kytovs kat Popevvos yévos éoTiv.

THdds & ’Oxeavd Uotapovs téxe duvnevtas,

Netdov 7 ’AXddevov Te Kal “Hprdavov Babudivnv

XTpupova Maiavdpov te cat” lotpov caddtpéeO pov

(

1 Rejected by Wolf as superfluous here and borrowed from

Homer, Iliad vi. 181-2.

I02

THEOGONY

voiced hound of Hades, fifty-headed, relentless and

strong. And again she bore a third, the evil-minded

Hydra of Lerna, whom the goddess, white-armed

| Hera nourished, being angry beyond measure with

the mighty Heracles. And her Heracles, the son of

Zeus, of the house of Amphitryon, together with

warlike Iolaus, destroyed with the unpitying sword

through the plans of Athene the spoil-driver. She

was the mother of Chimaera who breathed raging

fire, a creature fearful, great, swift-footed and strong,

who had three heads, one of a grim-eyed lion, an-

other of a goat, and another of a snake, a fierce

dragon; in her forepart she was a lion; in her

hinderpart, a dragon; and in her middle, a goat,

breathing forth a fearful blast of blazing fire. Her

did Pegasus and noble Bellerophon slay ; but Echid-

na was subject in love to Orthus and brought forth

the deadly Sphinx which destroyed the Cadmeans,

and the Nemean lion, which Hera, the good wife of

Zeus, brought up and made to haunt the hills of

-Nemea, a plague to men. There he preyed upon

the tribes of her own people and had power over

Tretus of Nemea and Apesas: yet the strength of

stout Heracles overcame him.

And Ceto was joined in love to Phorcys and bare

_ her youngest, the awful snake who guards the apples

all of gold in the secret places of the dark earth at

its great bounds. This is the offspring of Ceto and

Phorcys.

And Tethys bare to Ocean eddying rivers, Nilus,

and Alpheus, and deep-swirling Eridanus, Strymon,

-and Meander, and the fair stream of Ister, and

103

HESIOD

Dactv Te ‘Pijoov T ‘Axeh@rov rT apryupodivay 349

Néooov te “Podiov & “AdXtdxpova & “Emramopov |

TE

Dpnvexov TE Kal Aionmov Oetov Te LLpmovvtTa

Invecév te cal “Eppov éuppeitnv te Katxov

Laryryd prov TE meyav Addwva te Wapbéviov te |

Kinvov te Kat "A pono Kov Oeiov TE 2 xdpavdpov. 345

Tixte 6é OuyaTtépov t vepov ryévos, at KATA yalav

dvdpas Koupifovat avy AmoAN@VE avaKTL

cat llorapots, tavrnv dé Atos mapa potpav —

éyovol, |

Teo 7’ "Adunrn te “lav0n 7 Hdéxt py Te |

Awpis TE Tpuprve Te Kat Ovpavin Oeoerdns 350)

‘In7@ Te Kvvpevn te ‘Poderd Te Kadaspon TE

ZLevéw te KXutin te “[dvid Te Iacvon TE

TTAnEavpn TE Tarafavpn T épatn Te Avwvn

MnvroBocis Te Gon TE kat everdons LorAvdepy |

Kepxnis Te puny earn IIXouvt@ te Booms eee |

Ilepanis ce ‘Tdveupa Tt “AkaoTn Te Eiav@n re |

Terpain T épocaca | MevecOo 7 Evporn TE

Maris 7 Evpuvoun TE Tere TE KPOKOTTETTNOS

Xpuonis T ’Acin Te Kat ipepoer oa Kaduypo |

Evdwpn te Tox Te Kal Apdip@ ‘Ocvpon TE 360 |

Kab 2TvE, ip 6n odewmv mpodhepectatn éotivy —

ten

avtat & “Oxeavod cat TyOvos éEeyévovto

mpecBvTatat Kovpat’ TwodAal ye meV elot Kal

anda.

Tpis yap Kidwat etoe Tavbe pu por ‘Oxeavivat, |

at pa woAvotrepées yatav Kal BévOca Aipvns 365 |

104

THEOGONY

Phasis, and Rhesus, and the silver eddies of

Achelous, Nessus, and Rhodius, Haliacmon, and

Heptaporus, Granicus, and Aesepus, and holy Simois,

and Peneiis, and Hermus, and Caicus’ fair stream,

and great Sangarius, Ladon, Parthenius, Euenus,

Ardescus, and divine Scamander.

Also she brought forth a holy company of

daughters! who with the lord Apollo and the

Rivers have youths in their keeping—to this charge

Zeus appointed them—Peitho, and Admete, and

Ianthe, and Electra, and Doris, and Prymno, and

Urania divine in form, Hippo, Clymene, Rhodea,

and Callirrhoé, Zeuxo and Clytie, and Idyia, and

Pasithoé, Plexaura, and Galaxaura, and lovely Dione,

Melobosis and Thoé and handsome Polydora, Cerceis

lovely of form, and soft eyed Pluto, Perseis, Ianeira,

Acaste, Xanthe, Petraea the fair, Menestho, and

Europa, Metis, and EKurynome, and Telesto saffron-

clad, Chryseis and Asia and charming Calypso,

Kudora, and Tyche, Amphirho, and Ocyrrhoé, and

Styx who is the chiefest of them all. These are the

eldest daughters that sprang from Ocean and Tethys ;

but there are many besides. For there are three

thousand neat-ankled daughters of Ocean who are

dispersed far and wide, and in every place alike

serve the earth and the deep waters, children who

1 Goettling notes that some of these nymphs derive their

names from lands over which they preside, as Kuropa, Asia,

Doris, Ianeira (‘‘ Lady of the Ionians”), but that most are

called after some quality which their streams possessed : thus

Xanthe is the ‘‘ Brown” or ‘‘Turbid,” Amphirho is the °

“Surrounding” river, Ianthe is ‘“ She who pe ” and

Ocyrrhoé is the ‘‘ Swift-flowing.”

TO5

HESIOD

/ € A b) Ng 4 bJ \ /

TAVTN OMS Ehérroval, Oeawy ayaa TEKVA.

Toacot © avd’ Erepot TOTApmol KavayNnoa péovTeEs,

viées Oxeavod, tovs yelvato twotvia TyOvs:

A b aA

TOV Ovo apyaNéov TavTwY BpoTov avep éevic Trey,

t O€ ExacToL iocacw, ois Av TEplVaLeTawouv. 370

Ocia © "Hérrov Te péyav Aaptrpav te VeAHvyv

b) A bea , 3 / /

Ha 0, i) mavrecow émtyOoviotcr haciver

aavators Te Oeotcr, Tol ovpavoy evpuv exovat,

, 2 eae ei Wace 8 if, b] /

yetval vrrobunbeta Trreptovos év pidornte. |

Kpio 0 EvpuBin téxev év hirornte piyetoa = - 375

3 a} nA :

Aoctpatov te péeyav UadXavta te dia Oedwv |

Iléponv 0, 0s Kal maou meTémperrev LOpmoovvyc.

ay / S "HI \ LAMA UA A) ,

oTPAlw @S aveéwous TéKE KaPTEPOOU[OUS,

b) 3

apyéotny Lédhupov Bopénv 7 ainrnpoxérevOov |

kat Notov, év durotnte Sed Oed evvnbeiaa. 380

\ \ Ais 2) VA / e / b) /

Tous O€ MET aoTépa TikTev Ewodopov Hpryévera

doTpa Te NawTETOWVTA, Ta T OUpavos éaTeda-

VOTAL.

SrvE & érex’? "Oxeavod Ovyatnp TddXavte

poyeloa

Lijhov kat Nienv Kadi pupov ev peyapovoty" |

Kal Kparos noe Binv apieixera yelvaTo Téxva, 385

TOV OUK eat aTravev0e Atos Somos, ovOE TLS EOpPN,

ovo 000s, ommn pny Keivots Beds Hyemovevn,

ann aiel 701 Znvi Bapucrore eOplo@vrat.

as yap éBovdevoev LTve apOitos ‘Oxcavivy

Hpate To, OTe TavtTas Odvprios actepoTyntTys 390

b) / Pi B76 \ b ee 4

aYavatovs éxadreooe Oeous és waxpov "OXvpTor,

cime 0, Os av peTa eto Dewy Tithor paxotto,

106

THEOGONY

are glorious among goddesses. And as many other

rivers are there, babbling as they flow, sons of Ocean,

whom queenly Tethys bare, but their names it is hard

for a mortal man to tell, but people know those by

which they severally dwell.

And Theia was subject in love to Hyperion and

bare great Helius (Sun) and clear Selene (Moon) and

Eos (Dawn) who shines upon all that are on earth

and upon the deathless Geds who live in the wide

heaven.

And Eurybia, bright goddess, was ae: in love to

Crius and bare great Astraeus, and Pallas, and

Perses who oP was eminent among all men in

wisdom. .—_~

And Eos bare to Astraeus the strong-hearted

winds, brightening Zephyrus, and Boreas, ‘headlong

in his course, and Notus,—a goddess mating in love

with a god. And after these Erigeneia ! bare the star

Kosphorus (Dawn-bringer), and the gleaming stars

with which heaven is crowned. _—

And Styx the daughter of Ocean was joined to

Pallas and bare Zelus (Emulation) and trim-ankled ©

Nike (Victory) in the house. Also she brought

forth Cratos (Strength) and Bia (Force), wonderful

children. These have no house apart from Zeus,

nor any dwelling nor path except that wherein God

- leads them, but they dwell always with Zeus the

loud-thunderer. For so did Styx the deathless

daughter of Ocean plan on that day when the

Olympian Lightener called all the deathless gods to

great Olympus, and said that whosoever of the gods

would fight with him against the Titans, he would

1 7.e. Eos, the ‘* Karly-born.”

107

HESIOD

oi TW amoppaigew yepawr, tippy 8¢ Eeactov

ESE UeD, NV TO ma pos xé [LET Bavarore Geotou.

tov © éhal’, doTis atupos bd Kpovou no aye

pee TOs : 395

TLS Kal yepa@v eri Bnoéuev, Oéus eoTiv.

mrOe & dpa TPOTN rve apOrtos Oddvprvde

op opotouw matoerot pirov Sia pendea TATpOs.

HV 6€ Levs TIMNOE, TEpira a 6€ oa pa dédwxer. |

AUTHV jev yep eOnnce Oedy peyav cpprevaal OpKov, 400

maidas 5 Tpara TaVTAa €OU peTavareTas eivau.

as 0 attws mdvtecot Svaptrepés, WS TEP UTFETTH,

éfeTéheca* avTos de peya Kparet noe avao cet.

Poi By 6 an Kotov ToT par ov AGev € és evyny:

KUT AMEN) On € eTrevTa bea Oeov év prrornte | 405

Ant® kvavorTeTXov éyeivato, MetALYOV aiét,

7 LOV avOporrott Ka aavarouee Geoiow,

peu ov ef APXNS: dyavoratov eVTOS | ‘OnXvpTrov.

yeivaro o ‘Aortepiny é ev@OVvULOD, HY ToTE Ilépons

nyayer ES peya Odpa pidny Kexrijo Oar o Gc OUT iY. 410

nO UmoKvaapern ‘Exarny TEKE, TH meph TAVT OV

Zeds Kpovidns Th € Tropev dé ci ayraa Sapa,

polpay exer yains TE kal aT purer ovo Qardoons.

7) 6€ Kal GOTEPOEVTOS ATT ovpavod Ep pope TLULAS

aJavaros te Oeotat TeTLM“évn éoTl wadtoTa. (415

Kal yap viv, OTe Tov Tis ety Poviay avOperrav

Epd@v lepa KANA KATA VOpoY LAdoKNTAL,

KUKNIO KEL ‘Exarny. TONAH TE Ol EOTETO Toma

peta. pan, @ T™ poppav ye Oea bmodeterar euxds,

Kab Té OL “dn Bov omaver, éret SUvapis ye Tap-

EO TLV. 420

doco yap Cains te cai Ovpavod éEeyévovto

108

THEOGONY

not cast him out from his rights, but each should

A have the office which he had before amongst the

deathless gods. And he declared that he who was

without office or right under Cronos, should be raised

to both office and rights as is just. So deathless

Styx came first to Olympus with her children through

the wit of her dear father. And Zeus honoured her,

and gave her very great gifts, for her he appointed

to be the great oath of the gods, and her children to

live with him always. And as he promised, so he

performed fully unto them all.

Again, Phoebe came to the desired embrace of

Coeus. Then the goddess through the love of the

god conceived and brought forth dark-gowned Leto,

always mild, kind to men and to the deathless gods,

mild from the beginning, gentlest in all Olympus.

_ Also she bare Asteria of happy name, whom Perses

once led to his great house to be called his dear wife.

And she conceived and bare Hecate whom Zeus the

son of Cronos honoured above all. He gave her

splendid gifts, to have a share of the earth and the un-

fruitful sea. She received honour also in starry heaven,

and is honoured exceedingly by the deathless gods.

For to this day, whenever any one of men on earth

offers rich sacrifices and prays for favour according to

eustom, he calls upon Hecate. Great honour comes

full easily to him whose prayers the goddess receives

favourably, and she bestows wealth upon him; for

the power surely is with her. For she has authority

over all those who were born of Earth and Ocean

109

HESIOD

Kal Tiny EXaXOV, TOVTOV EXEL AloaY ATAVTOD.

IQ/ 14 : / b) / +Q/ Sb /

ovde Ti poy Kpovidns éBujoato ove T aTnupa,

boo edayev Dero pera TpoTepotat Geotow,

GXnN exe, @S TO TpwTOV aT apyhs EmXeETO

ac 0s, 425 |

Kal yépas €v yain Te Kal ovpav@® Hoe Oardacy:+ 427 |

ovo, OTL wovvoyerns, Haaov Hea Eupope TLLAS, 426 |

GX étt Kal wodv padrov, érel Zevs tietar |

QUTHD. 428 |

© & eOérer, weyarws TaparyiryvEeTat nO aviyna iy” ;

ev Te oiKN Baorrebor Tap aidoiouge Kabiter,” 434)

éy T ayoph Naotos petampéret, bv K eOéXnow: 430.

nO OTOT €s TrOAELOV HOELanvopa OapnocwrvTaL

AVEPES, év0a bea TaparyiyveTat, ots « eOédAnot

viLenv T poppovEeas om do at Kal xddos opéeeat. 433

écOXn & av& oot avdpes aeOrevoow ayoui,® 435

ev0a Jea Kal Tois TaparyiryveTar HO oviynoL*

viKnTAS dé Bin Kal KadpTei KaXOv deOXov

peta pepe. Xatpov TE, TOKEDCL dé Kd605 omdet.

eo OM) 6 immnieroe Tapectaper, ois K eOéXyowW.

Kal TOUS, OF yhavenv Svar éueh ov éprydbovrau, 440

eUXOVTAL 6 “Exarn cal €pURTUTT@ ‘Evvocuyaiy,

pyLdiws aypny xvdpn Oeos dace TOAAHD,

peta Oo apeihero parvowerny, éPéXovad ye Ouue.

éoOnrn © év arab poto UV Epuh Aid? aéEew

Boveonias O ayéXas Te Kal aimo\a mrAATE

alyov 445

Toimvas T eipoTroKwr diwv, Oupd y éPéXovea,

é& odtyov Bpiaes Kal éx TorAX@V pelova OAKer.

OUT TOL Kal soUVOYEVNS EK UNTPOS EovTAa

1 Goettling’s order. 2 Schoemann’s order.

3 Koechly : ayavi de0Acdwow, DGHI: d0acdwow, other MSS.

I1O

THEOGONY

and received an office. ‘The son of Cronos did her |

no wrong nor took anything away of all that was her

portion among the former Titan gods : but she holds,

as the division was at the first from the beginning,

privilege both in earth, and in heaven, and in sea.

Also, because she is an only child, the goddess

receives not less honour; but much more still, for

Zeus honours her. Whom she will she greatly aids

and advances: she sits by worshipful kings in judge-

ment, and in the assembly whom she will is distin-

guished among the people. And when men arm

themselves for the battle that destroys men, then

the goddess is at hand to give victory and grant

glory readily to whom she will. Good is she also

when men contend at the games, for there too the

goddess is with them and profits them: and he who

by might and strength gets the victory wins the rich

prize easily with joy, and brings glory to his parents.

And she is good to stand by horsemen, whom she

will: and to those whose business is in the grey

discomfortable sea, and who pray to Hecate and the

loud-crashing Earth-Shaker, easily the glorious god-

dess gives great catch, and easily she takes it away

as soon as seen, if so she will. She is good in the

byre with Hermes to increase the stock. The droves

of kine and wide herds of goats and flocks of fleecy

sheep, if she will, she increases from a few, or

makes many to be less. So, then, albeit her mother’s

only child,' she is honoured amongst all the deathless

* Van Lennep explains that Hecate, having no brothers to

support her claim, might have been slighted.

IIT

- ria

HESIOD

pe

Taal eT Aavatoiot TETiLLNTAL yepderow. |

One é pv Kpovidys KoupoT pod ov, ov per éxeiynv 450)

opGarpotouw LOovTO paos TohvoEpKeos ‘Hods. |!

ouTws && apys KovpoTpodos, al dé Te TLmal.

“Pein dé Sunbeioa Kpove TéKe Haldia TEKVA,

‘lorinv Anjpntpa Kal “Honv xpucomediiov |

ipO ror T ‘ALony, 0 OS vmro xGovi Samara VaLeL 455°

VNAEES 1)TOP Exon, Kal épixtuTrov Evvoctyasoy Fi

Lia Té PNT LoerTa., Jeav TATép noe Kab avopov,

Tov Kal uo BpovThs Twereuilerar evpeta YOwv.

Kal Tovs pev Katémiwe peyas Kpovos, ws Tis

EKO TOS |

v7 ovos ef Lepys pNT pos 7 pos youval i iKOUTO, 460.

TA ppovear, t (Va [Ly TLS ayavev Ovpaviaver

adNos év aavaroow ¢ éxou Bacrhniva TUMNY.

mevdeTo yap Cains TE Kab Ovpavod a AOTEPOEVTOS,

OUVEKG Ol TETPWTO EW VITO TALOL OamHVaL |

Kal Kpatep@ mep éovtt, Avos' weyddou dua Bovdds: 465

T 6 Yy ap ovVK arads oKOTLNY EXEV, GAG |

SOKEV@V

Tatoas €éovs Katee “Pénv © exe mévOos

ahacrov. )

AXN’ OTE O1) Av epedre Oeay Tatép noe Kal avopav

TétecOal, TOT émetta hirous ALTaVEVE TOKHAS

tovs avtns, Latav te cat Ovpavov aotepoevta, 470

PLT UV oupppdccacbar, OT 0s Nedaouro TeKovaa

jTatoa pidop, TL aLTO 8 epuvis TATPOS €oLo

Taidov 0, ods xatémwe péyas Kpdvos ayxu-

NOMHTNS.

@

a

1 K (later hand) GHI and a Scholiast read rarpés.

THEOGONY

it gods. And the son of Cronos made her a nurse of

| | the young who after her saw with their eyes the

: light of all-seeing Dawn. So from the beginning

j/ she is a nurse of the young, and these are her

} honours.

| But Rhea was subject in love to Cronos and bare

|} splendid children, Hestia,! Demeter, and gold-shod

| Hera and strong Hades, pitiless in heart, who dwells

under the earth, and the loud-crashing Earth-Shaker,

| and wise Zeus, father of gods and men, by whose

thunder the wide earth is shaken. These great Cronos

swallowed as each came forth from the womb to his

| mother’s knees with this intent, that no other of the

| proud sons of Heaven should hold the kingly office

amongst the deathless gods. For he learned from

Earth and starry Heaven that he was destined to

be overcome by his own son, strong though he was,

through the contriving of great Zeus.? Therefore

he kept no blind outlook, but watched and swallowed

down his children: and unceasing grief seized Rhea.

But when she was about to bear Zeus, the father of

gods and men, then she besought her own dear

parents, Earth and starry Heaven, to devise some plan

with her that the birth of her dear child might be

concealed, and that retribution might overtake great,

crafty Cronos for his own father and also for the

1 The goddess of the hearth (the Roman Vesta), and so of

the house. Cp. Homeric Hymns v. 22 ff. ; xxix. 1 ff.

2 The variant reading ‘‘of his father” (sc. Heaven) rests

on inferior MS. authority and is probably an alteration due

to the difficulty stated by a Scholiast: ‘‘How could Zeus,

| being not yet begotten, plot against his father?” The

| phrase is, however, part of the prophecy. The whole line

_ may well be spurious, and is rejected by Heyne, Wolf,

Gaisford and Guyet.

Lig

HESIOD

of dé Ovyatpl hirn para pev KrAVov HO émiBovTo,

Kat ob TeppaceTny, boa Tep TeTpwTO yeverOar 47h

b) \ ’ an \ Cz / |

aude Kpove BactdHe kat vier KapTepodvpo.

f bray , / b) ry’ an

méurav © és AvKrov, Kpyrns és miova djpmor,

OT TOT ap omoTarov TaLo@y TéeEeoOat euenne,

Lnva peyav: TOV [EV Ob edéEaTo Tata mehopn

Kpytp é EV cbpetn Tpahée ev aTuradhepeval TE. 48(

évda uv into hépovaa Oony ova viKTa pédawvay |

/ b] / A PERS \ na

mpatny és AvKtov Kpv\yev O€ € yepot KaBovca

avTpw év nALBAaT@, Fabéns Uo Kevdecr yains,

Atiyai@ év dpet TeTUKaT EVO UANEVTL. |

n \ / A if > /

T@ 0€ oTTapyavicaca péyav NiDov éyyuddiEevy 485

Ovpavidn ey avakre, Ded mpotépm Bac.

TOV TOO éEXwV Xetperow env éoxdTOero ynovv

TXETALOS" ovo evonoe pera ppeoty, OS Ob OTLTTw

avr MOov € E0S vios GAViKNTOS Kal aeons

NeimreO’, 6 piv TAY Ewedre Bin Kat Kepot wea

oas 4

Tuns eEeXdew, 0 6 év aBavatorot avakeww.

Kaptanripos 0 dp émeita pévos Kal datouua

yula

of a SYA 3 f » a Sion a

nvéeTto ToLo avaxtos’ émumop“evay & éviavT@v

Dains é evveringt Toruppacecr a dorwels

OV yOVOV diy avenKke peyas Kpovos ayKUAOUHTHS 495

[vexnbeis Téxvnar Bindi Te watdos €éoto.*| {

TpwTov O e&éuecev ALOov, Ov TUMAaTOV KATETTLVEV *

Tov pev Levs otnpree Kata YOovos evpvodetns

Ilu@ot év nyabén yuaros bro Wapynooto :

on éuev eEomricw, Oadua Ovntotcr Bpotoicow. 500

1 Rejected by Heyne as interrupting and disagreeing with

the context.

2 Peppmiiller: é&funoe (or é&fmece) AlOov, wiuaroy Kata-

alvwv, MSS.

114

THEOGONY

children whom he had swallowed down. And they

readily heard and obeyed their dear daughter, and told

| her all that was destined to happen touching Cronos

| the king and his stout-hearted son. So they sent her

to Lyctus, to the rich land of Crete, when she was

ready to bear great Zeus, the youngest of her children.

_ Him did vast Earth receive from Rhea in wide Crete

| tonourishandtobringup. Thither came Earth carry-

| ing him swiftly through the black night to Lyctus first,

and took him in her arms and hid him in a remote

cave beneath the secret places of the holy earth on

thick-wooded Mount Aegeum; but to the mightily

ruling son of Heaven, the earlier king of the gods,

she gave a great stone wrapped in swaddling clothes.

Then he took it in his hands and thrust it down into

his belly: wretch! he knew not in his heart that in

place of the stone his son was left behind, un-

conquered and untroubled, and that he was soon to

overcome him by force and might and drive him

from his honours, himself to reign over the deathless ~

gods. |

After that, the strength and glorious limbs of the

| prince Rieredsed quickly, And as the years rolled on,

great Cronos the wily ‘was beguiled by the deep

suggestions of Earth, and brought up again his

offspring, vanquished by the arts and might of his

own son, and he vomited up first the stone which he

had swallowed last. And Zeus set it fast in the

wide-pathed earth at goodly Pytho under the glens

of Parnassus, to be a sign thenceforth and a marvel

to mortal men.!_ And he set free from their deadly

1 Pausanias (x. 24. 6) saw near the tomb of Neoptolemus

- “a stone of no great size,” which the Delphians anointed

every day with oil, and which he says was supposed to be

the stone given to Cronos.

I15

Om ia

HESIOD

Noe SE TATPOKATLYVHTOUS OO@V UITO bec MOV

Ovpavidas, ovs Ona marnp decuppoowya tw:

of OL aTreu“YnaaVTo Xcpw évepyecidw,

odxav dé Bpovrny 70 aidadoevta Kepavvov |

Kab oTEpOT HY" TO Tp b€ Ter@pn Lata Kecevber 50!

Tols micuvos Oyntotct Kal AOavaToLol avacoel.

Kovpny & ‘lameros Kaddopupov "Onccavivny

nyayeto KAvpévny cat OMOV EVOS eicaveBarver.

» 6€ of "ATNavTA Kparepod pova: yetvaTto Traioa: |

alas 6 UTEepKvoavTa Mevotrvov n0€ TpounPéa 510

ToLKthov alohounrw, ajaprivoov Tt ’Encpnbéa,

ds Kaxov €& apyns yéveT avdpaow adrpynorhow:

mpatos yap pa Atos rAacTHY Um exo yuvatka

mapOévov. vB pio rny dé Mevoitiov evpvorra Levs

els "EpeBos KaTétrepape Barov YroXoev Te KEpavv@ 515

elven aracbanins Té Kal VOpENS Umepohou.

“ATAas S ovpavov eupov exet kparepijs UT avayKNS

Telpac év yains, T poTap ‘Horepiowy Myudeaver,

Eo TNOS Kepanh Te kal axapaTnat XEperauy™

TAaUTHVY yap ol poipay é6docaTo uyTieta Levs. 5204

jae O aruKromeonot IIpopnféa TrouKtNoBovhov

dec pois apyaneoure peéoov bua Kilov’ éNaooas:

Kat ol ém aleTov @poe TaviTrTepovy' avTap 6

Tap

noOvev abdvatov, TO 8 aéEeTo ico arravTy

VUKTOS, bcov mpoTav Huap dob TavucitTepos |

Opves. : 525)

TOV jLeV ap ANKENUNS Karhhiapvpov GAKU{LOS vioS

‘Hpaknréns é EKTELVE, KaKNY & amo vodoov adadkev

‘lamersovion Kal é\UaaToO Suc fpocurdey

ovx aéxnts Lynvos Odvprriov twupédovtos,

116

}

THEOGONY

bonds the brothers of his father, sons of Heaven

t- whom his father in his foolishness had bound. And

|| they remembered to be grateful to him for his kind-

| ness, and gave him thunder and the glowing thunder-

bolt and lightning: for before that, huge Earth had

| hidden these. In them he trusts and rules over

| mortals and immortals.

Now lapetus took to wife the neat-ankled maid

Clymene, daughter of Ocean, and went up with her

into one bed. And she bare him a stout-hearted

son, Atlas: also she bare very glorious Menoetius

and clever Prometheus, full of various wiles, and

scatter-brained Epimetheus who from the first was a

mischief to men who eat bread; for it was he who

first took of Zeus the woman, the maiden whom he

had formed. But Menoetius was outrageous, and far-

seeing Zeus struck him with a lurid thunderbolt

and sent him down to Erebus, because of his mad

presumption and exceeding pride. And Atlas through

hard constraint upholds the wide heaven with un-

wearying head and arms, standing at the borders of

the earth before the clear-voiced Hesperides ; for

this lot wise Zeus assigned tohim. And ready-witted

Prometheus he bound with inextricable bonds, cruel

chains, and drove a shaft through his middle, and

set on him a long-winged eagle, which used to eat

_. his immortal liver; but by night the liver grew as

much again everyway as the long-winged bird de-

voured in the whole day. That bird Heracles, the

valiant son of shapely-ankled Alemene, slew; and

delivered the son of Iapetus from the cruel plague,

and released him from his affliction—not without

the will of Olympian Zeus who reigns on high, that

117

HESIOD

opp’ “Hpaxdijos OnBaryevéos Kéos ely 530

mAelov er 1) TO Wapoilev emt YOova TovAv-

Boreipav.

TaoT dpa abopevos Tha d.pidétKeTov viov*

Kat TEP X.oomeEVOS m™avOn Xorou, Ov mp EYED KED,

oven _epiveto Bouras t UTEP MEVEL Kpoviene, |

Kab yap OT expivovTo Fear Ovyrot T avO po mo 535

Mykovn, TOT érevta peyav Body mpoppove Ouu@

Sacadpevos TpoéOnKe, Atos voov éEatradicxav.

Tots pev yap capKas Te Kal eyKara Tiova Onu@

év pire kart éOnke carorpas yaorpl Boein, |

T® © avtT oatéa NevKA Boos body € éml TEXVN 540

eiderioas Kar eOnne karvyas apyéeTe Onue. |

67) TOTE ply TpocéelTre TATHP avopav TE GJe@y Te”

“Tarersovion, TAVTOV GpLoelKeT aVaKTOV,

@ TETOV, @S eTepoln ws dLedacaao poipas. |

“Os pato KEPTOMEOY Levs apbura pndea ciO@s. 545

TOV & avTe mpocéertre TIpounGevs dry LUNOMNTNS

HK eITLLELONTAS, Oohins 6 ov AOero TeEXxYNS” |

Lev KUOLoTE peyote Jeav aevyeveraor, |

Tov © éde, ommoTepny aoe evi dpect Oupos avwryer.

PH pa dorodpovéwrv: Zevs & adpOita pnoea

clO@s | 55

yuo p ovd nyvoinoe OoAov" Kaka © daceTo Oud

Ovntots avOporrouct, TA Kal TeNCETOaL EMENAED.

XEpot S 6 vy aphotépnow aveireTo DevKov

arechap.

XOTaTo | d€ ppevas appi, Xoros bé py ixero Oumov,

Os (OEV OO TEA NEVKA Boos doin ert TEXDY. 555

eK Tob o aDavarovrww € emt xOovi Pon av0 peTrov

Katou’ ooTea NevKa Ounevtov € eT Bopov.

Tov 0€ péey oVOncas Teocépyn vehednyepéeta Levs:

118

y

|

THEOGONY

the glory of Heracles the Theban-born might be yet

greater than it was before over the plenteous earth.

This, then, he regarded, and honoured his famous

son; though he was angry, he ceased from the wrath

which he had before because Prometheus matched

himself in wit with the almighty son of Cronos.

Fer when the gods and mortal men were divided at

Mecone, even then Prometheus was forward to cut

up a great ox and set portions before them, trying

to befool the mind of Zeus. Before the rest he set

flesh and inner parts thick with fat upon the hide,

covering them with an ox paunch; but for: Zeus he

put the white bones dressed up with cunning art and

covered with shining fat. Then the father of men

and of gods said to him:

“Son of Iapetus, most glorious of all lords, good

sir, how unfairly you have divided the portions!”’

So said Zeus whose wisdom is everlasting, rebuking

him. But wily Prometheus answered him, smiling

_ softly and not forgetting his cunning trick :

“ Zeus, most glorious and greatest of the eternal |

gods, take which ever of these portions your heart

within you bids.” So he said, thinking trickery.

But Zeus, whose wisdom is everlasting, saw and

failed not to perceive the trick, and in his heart he

thought mischief against mortal men which also was

to be fulfilled. With both hands he took up the

white fat and was angry at heart, and wrath came to

his spirit when he saw the white ox-bones craftily

tricked out: and because of this the tribes of men

upon earth burn white bones to the deathless gods

upon fragrant altars. But Zeus who drives the clouds

was greatly vexed and said to him:

II9

HESIOD

"Tlametiovion, TavT@Y TEpl NOEA ELO@S,

@ TETTOV, OVK dpa. Tow Oorjins emiAnGeo TEXVNS.

“Os bato X.WOfLEv05 Levs apbira punjoea, eds"

ex TovTou 6 émerTa dodou He pv LeVvos aie

ov édidov Merino! mupos pévos akapatoto

Ovnrots avO p@rrots, ov él xGovt VALETAOUG LV.

aNXa poy efarratncen € éus mats latetoto

creas AKALATOLO TUPOS TACT KOTOV avynv

év Koih@ vapOnee: daKev O€ € vEeLtoOL Oupov,

Li’ txruBpeperny, eXoh@ae 6€ pu dirov 7 TOP,

@s ie év avOpon oat Tupos TIAET KOTOV auyny.

avtixa © avtt Tupos Tevéev Kaxov avOpwTroow:

yains yap clpmAacce TepixrAUTOS Apdiyunets

mapléve aidoin ixerov Kpovidew d1a Bovdds.

Cae 6€ Kal KOTpNTE Gea YAAUKOITLS AOHun

apryupen eo Ore Kata KpnOev O€ KadvTTTpHV

daroanenv Xelperou Kateaxele, badpa ier Oau

[appt 6¢ Ol aTEepavous, veoOnr€os avOea Troins,

LEpTOUS mepiOnne Kapyare Tladras ’AOnvn.?|

appt b¢ ot orepavny xpuceny Keparhow éOnxKe,

THY avros Toinoe TEPLKAUTOS “A ppuyuners

aoKknoas Tahapynet, xaprbouevos Au Tarpl.

Th © evi daidara ToAda TeETEVyaTO, Oadua

ier Bau,

KVaOaN , font Ayreupos Tord Tpépee 70€ Jdracoa,

TOV O ye TOAN EVEOnKE,—yYapis 6 aTENapTeETO

TOA, —

Oavpac.a, Sdorcw éotKoTa hovieccw.

1 Bergk (after scholiast): pedrimor, DEGHI: pealow,

FKL.

* ll. 576-7 appear to belong to a different recension.

I20

THEOGONY

«Son of Iapetus, clever above all! So, sir, you

have not yet forgotten your cunning arts!”’

So spake Zeus in anger, whose wisdom is ever-

lasting; and from that time he was always mindful

of the trick, and would not give the power of

unweatying fire to the Melian! race of mortal men

who live on the earth. But the noble son of

Iapetus outwitted him and stole the far-seen gleam

of unwearying fire in a hollow fennel stalk. And

- Zeus who thunders on high was stung in spirit, and

his dear heart was angered when he saw amongst

men the far-seen ray of fire. Forthwith he made

an evil thing for men as the price of fire; for the

very famous Limping God formed of earth the

likeness of a shy maiden as the son of Cronos

willed. And the goddess bright-eyed Athene girded

and clothed her with silvery raiment, and down

from her head she spread with her hands a broidered

veil, a wonder to see; and she, Pallas Athene, put

about her head lovely garlands, flowers of new-grown

herbs. Also she put upon her head a crown of gold

which the very famous Limping God made himself

and worked with his own hands as a favour to Zeus

his father. On it was much curious work, wonderful

to see; for of the many creatures which the land

and sea rear up, he put most upon it, wonderful

things, like living beings with voices: and great

beauty shone out from it.

1 A Scholiast explains: ‘‘ Hither because they (men) sprang

from the Melian nymphs (cp. 1. 187); or because, when they

were born (?), they cast themselves under the ash-trees

(méAraz), that is, the trees.””’ The reference may be to the

origin of men from ash-trees: cp, Works and Days, 145 and

note. .

121

HESIOD

Avrtap éret 6% ted&e kadov Kaxov avt ayaboio, 585

les > + M7 MY , oo ȴ

efayary , eva mep Got eoay Geot no avO pom or,

KOT LO ayarRopwerny YNAUK@TLOOS oBptworrarpns.

Oatpa 8 éy’ abavdtous te Oeovs Ovyntovs 7

av porous,

@s eioov SoAOv altro, aunyavov avOpwrmotow. :

"EK THs yap yevos éorl yuvacKe ay OnruTepawy,! 590 —

[Tis yap ONOLOY éoTL yevos Kal Pora yuvarkay, | 4

Thue per’ ar Ovntoian per avepact vaveTaovaw

ovhomevns mrevins ov ovppopolr, ara KOpoLo.

@s © omoT év ounveror Katnpepeer ot MELT AL

enpivas Bockoat, KAK OV Evynjovas epyov— 595

al pev Te TpoTray Huap és HEALOV KkaTaouyra

HuadTlaL oTEvdovaL TLEtot TE KNPLA NEUKA,

do évtoobe mévovtes emnpedéas Kata ciuBXdous

pO hae KAMLATOV OPETEDHY 5 YATTEP ALO@VTAL—

¢ 0 avtws dvdpecot KaKOV Ovnrotor yuvatkas 600

Zeds vyiBpeweTns OnKev, Evyjovas ¢ epyov

apyanreov Erepov dé Topev KAKOV QVT arya oto-

os Ke apov pevryov Kab pLeppepa. epya YUVALK@V

a) ynuae e0ENN, oAOOV & éi yhpas tKorTo

xnrei ynpoKomolo: 6 Ov Brorou eTLOEVIS 605

Gwe, amopOupevou dé Ova KTHOW SaTéov Tae

XNpocrat oOo avre yapou pera, potpa yévytas,

Kedvny o eo xev AKOLTLD apnpviav Tpam ert,

To dé 7 am aLVOS KOKOV éesOX@ avrupepifer

€ [eves Os O€ Ke TETLN aTapTnpoto yevéOras, 610

Swe évi order aw EXOY ahac Tov avinv |

upp Kal Kpacin, Kal dviKec Tov KAKOV €OTLD.

“Os od« éote Atos Krérpan voov ode TapenOeiv.

ovoe yap lametiovions axaxnta Upounevs

1 ll, 590-1 belong to different recensions..

122

THEOGONY

But when he had made the beautiful evil tobe the ~~

price for the blessing, he brought her out, delighting

in the finery which the bright-eyed daughter of a

mighty father had given her, to the place where the

other gods and men were. And wonder took hold of

the deathless gods and mortal men when they saw that

which was sheer guile, not to be withstood by men.

For from her is the race of women and female

kind: of her is the deadly race and tribe of women

who live amongst mortal men to their great trouble,

no helpmeets in hateful poverty, but only in wealth.

And as in thatched hives bees feed the drones whose

nature is to do mischief—by day and throughout

the day until the sun goes down the bees are busy

and lay the white combs, while the drones stay at

home in the covered skeps and reap the toil of others

into their own bellies—even so Zeus who thunders

on high made women to be an evil to mortal men, with _

a nature to do evil. And he gave them a second evil

\to be the price for the good they had: whoever avoids

marriage and the sorrows that women cause, and will

not wed, reaches deadly old age without anyone to

tend his years, and though he at least has no lack of

livelihood while he lives, yet, when he is dead, his

_ kinsfolk divide his possessions amongst them. And

as for the man who chooses the lot of marriage and

takes a good wife suited to his mind, evil continually

contends with good ; for whoever happens to have

mischievous children, lives always with unceasing

grief in his spirit and heart within him; and this

evil cannot be healed.

So it is not possible to deceive or go beyond the

will of Zeus ; for not even the son of Iapetus, kindly

123

HESIOD

Tolo y vmeenrvEE Bapvy YOXOV, AAN UT’ avayKys 615

Kal TOAVLOPLY EOVTA MéeyaS KATA SETMOs EPUKEL.

5) / © nian ¢ La) \ > / fa

OBptdpew & as Tp@Ta TaTHp wdvacaTo OuUUL@

Ko 3 Se U / On i DEN } n

oTTo T HOE Tn, SHoev KpaTep@ evi Secp@

NVOPENV UTEPOTAOV AY@MEVOS NOE Kal ELO0S

Naa , tis he \ ’ /

Kal peyeOos: Katévacce 5 vmod YOovos evpvodeins. 620

ev?’ of y’ adye ExovTes Uo YOovl vareTdovTes

elat em éoyVaTin, meyarys €v Treipact yatns,

dnOa pan ayvbmevol, Kpadin méya TEVOOS EXOVTES.

arrnd odeas Kpovidns te cat dbdvatot Oeol adXo1,

ods Téxev HUKOMOS Pein Kpovou év didroTntt, 625

Tains dpadpoovvrnow avyyayov és ddos avtts:

avTn yap obi atavTa dunveréws KaTENEEE

OV Kelvols ViKNY TE Kal ayAaOV evyos apéa Pat.

dnpov yap papvavto movov Ovparye exovTes

Ternvés te Oeot cat 6coe Kpovou é&eyévovto, 630

b) J b) / \ \ e€ /

GVTLOV GXANNOLGL OLA KPATEPas vopivas,

ol pev ad’ wpnrAs "OGpvos Titiives dryavot,

20 ap am Ovnrvprroto Ecoi, dwThpes édov,

/ +7 ¢€ U4 if 3 a

ods Téxev NUKOmOS Pein Kpov@ evvnbetaa.

of pa TOT AAAHAOLGL YOXOV Oupadye EXOVTES 635

TUVEXEDS éudyovto déxa TAElous éviavTous:

oveé Tis Hv epLoos XareT HS AUaLS OVE TENEUTN

ovderépors, & icov d€ TENOS TETATO TTOAE}LOLO.

aXe OTE / KELVOLCL mapeaxelen 6 dppeva TATA,

VEKTAP T "au Bpootny Te, Ta Tep Oeol avrol édovat, 640

TavTO@V ev arnPerow aeFeTo Oupos @ ay ivep.

OS VEKTAp T emda avTo Kat apBpooiny é EPATELVHY,

61) TOTE TOLS peTéELTE TATHP aVOpa@V TE OEe@v TE

124

THEOGONY

Prometheus, escaped his heavy anger, but of neces-_

sity strong bands confined him, although he knew

many a wile. |

But when first their father was vexed in his heart ~

with Obriareus and Cottus and Gyes, he bound

them in cruel bonds, because he was jealous of their

exceeding manhood and comeliness and great size:

and he made them live beneath the wide-pathed

earth, where they were afflicted, being set to dwell

under the ground, at the end of the earth, at its

great borders, in bitter anguish for a long time and

with great grief at heart. But the son of Cronos

and the other deathless gods whom rich-haired Rhea

bare from union with Cronos, brought them up again

to the light at Earth’s advising. For she herself

recounted all things to the gods fully, how that with

these they would gain victory and a glorious cause

to vaunt themselves. For the Titan gods and as

many as sprang from Cronos had long been fighting

together in stubborn war with heart-grieving toil,

the lordly ‘Titans from high Othrys, but the gods,

givers of good, whom rich-haired Rhea bare in union

with Cronos, from Olympus. So they, with bitter

wrath, were fighting continually with one another at

that time for ten full years, and the hard strife had

no close or end for either side, and the issue of the

war hung evenly balanced. But when he had pro-

vided those three with all things fitting, nectar and

ambrosia which the gods themselves eat, and when

their proud spirit revived within them all after they

had fed on nectar and delicious ambrosia, then it

was that the father of men and gods spoke amongst

them :

T25

HESIOD

Kéxruté pev, Tains te cat Ovpavod ayraa

TEKVA,

odp’ clo, Tu [Me Oupuos evl orn0eror KENEVEL. 645

700 yap para Onpov é €vaVTLOL addi ovou

ViKNS Kal KPaTEOS ™épt papya wel Wuata wavTa

Turfves te Oeol Kal door Kpovov exyevopuer Oa.

Dpels dé “eyadny TE Binv Kaul ‘xelpas aaT TOUS

paivere Ternvecow € évavTtor év bat AUYPH 650

pune dpevor purornTos évnéos, boo mabovres

és daos avr adixecbe ducnreyéos ve Sec pod

¢e J S NN € N / ’ /

HmMETEPAS OLA Bovras vuTo Sopou T)EPOEVTOS.

"Os Paro: Tov © ceca apetBetoa Kotrtos

poor"

Aaipove, ovk adanta TipavoKkear’ adda Kal

aUvTOL 2 O08

y / N \ INS \ edieg x ,

iOmev, 6 TOL Tepl eV TPATrLOES, TrEpL O ETL VONLA,

aXKkTHp 0 alavatotoly aphs yéveo Kpvepoto.

ono. © éemiudpoctvynaw vio Copou nepoevTos

BY 4 J&9 5) A 3 u (d \ an

avoppov Ot éEadris awetdixtov Uo Sea pmov

nrvdouev, Kpdvou vie dvaké, avdedrra trabovtes. 660

T@ Kal VOV aTevEel TE VOW Kal éeTrippovs BovAn

puaopela Kpatos vmov év aivn dniorhnre

papvauevor TiTnow ava Kpatepas vopivas.

a @) Uf a D) id be @ Us PS an Do: ot

¢s hat éryvecoay 6é Boi, dwrHpes Edwr,

poOov axovoartes Trodéuov 6 éAtNaieTo Ovjos 665

farXov éT 7) TO Tadpole paynv 0 apéeyapTor

ErVELDAV

Uf VA lA NEED: 4 /

TavTes, Onrevat TE Kal Apaeves, HuUaTL KElVO,

Tornvés te Ocot cat dao. Kpovou éEeyévovto,

ous Te Levs ’"EpéBevaodw 1 taro yOovos Ke howade

detvoi Te KpaTepot Te, Binv UTrépoTAOV EyovTes. 670

1 DEFKLR: ’EpeSeogu, GHI.

126

THEOGONY

“ Hear me, bright children of Earth and Heaven,

that I may say what my heart within me bids. A

long while now have we, who are sprung from

Cronos and the Titan gods, fought with each other

every day to get victory and to prevail. But do you

show your great might and unconquerable strength,

and face the Titans in bitter strife ; for remember

our friendly kindness, and from what sufferings you

are come back to the light from your cruel bondage

under misty gloom through our counsels.”’

So he said. And blameless Cottus answered him

again: “ Divine one, you speak that which we know

well: nay, even of ourselves we know that your

wisdom and understanding is exceeding, and that

you became a defender of the deathless ones from

chill doom. And through your devising we are

come back again from the murky gloom and from

our merciless bonds, enjoying what we looked not

for, O lord, son of Cronos. And so now with fixed

purpose and deliberate counsel we will aid your

power in dreadful strife and will fight against the

Titans in hard battle.”

So he said: and the gods, givers of good things,

applauded when they heard his word, and their spirit

longed for war even more than before, and they all,

both male and female, stirred up hated battle that

day, the Titan gods, and all that were born of

Cronos together with those dread, mighty ones of

overwhelming strength whom Zeus brought up to

the light from Erebus beneath the earth. An

127

HESIOD

TOV EKATOV peev xetpes an OMov dioaovTo

Tao opds, Kepanrat | 6é ExdoTo@ TEVTNKOVTA

éF @uwv éméhuxov érl ort Bapotct pérecou.

ob Tote TiTyverot kaTeoTavey év dat huypi

TéTpas HNALBaTOVS oTtBapis ev xEpotly éyovTes. 675

Terfves & erepaben € ex AapTUVAVTO parayyas

Tpod povews, VELO@V TE Bins o dpa epyov epawov

apporepor Sewvov be mepraxe TOVTOS atreipov,

yn oé bey éopapdynoev, éméateve 6 ovpavos

2

EUPUS

ceLropevos, tedobev S€ TuvdaooeTo paKkpos "OdAvp- :

TOS | 680

pith im abavatwy, évoois & ikave Bapeta

Tdprapov nepoevTa, Toy T alTeta ton

aomérou f Lax oto Boraav TE KpaTepaoy:

OS ap’ er’ adda hoes tecav Berea TOVOET A.

pwvn 0 apdotépan i (KET OUpavov ao TEpoEVTA 685

KeKOMEVOD' ot O€ Evvicay peyare drargr.

Ovs ap € ert ZLevs taxev €ov pEvOS, GX vu TOD YE

clap mev peveos TAHVTO hpeves, ex O€ TE TATAV

daive Binv: duvdus & ap am ovpavod 7d

‘Ohvperou

aoTpanT@y ETTELYVE cuvaxadov’ oi O€ Kepavvol 690 |

ikTap apa BpovrTn Te Kal aorepoTh TOTEOVTO

KELpos aro oriBapys, | Lepny proya ethud OwVTES

Tappees® appl dé yaia pepéa Bios eo wapayite

Katopevn, AdKE O appl mupt peyan aomweros UAN.

éCee dé XOov Tao, Kal ‘Oxeavoto péeO pa 695

TOovTOS T aTtpvyeTos: Tovs 6 audemre Oepmos

QUT MN)

Titjvas yOovious, POE & alPépa' dtav txavev

1 Naber: j#épa, MSS.

128

THEOGONY

| hundred arms sprang from the shoulders of all alike,

_ and each had fifty heads growing upon his shoulders

| upon stout limbs. These, then, stood against the

Titans in grim strife, holding huge rocks in their

strong hands. And on the other part the Titans

eagerly strengthened their ranks, and both sides at

one time showed the work. of their hands and their

might. The boundless sea rang terribly around, and

the earth crashed loudly: wide Heaven was shaken

and groaned, and high Olympus reeled from its

foundation under the charge of the undying gods,

and a heavy quaking reached dim Tartarus and the

deep sound of their feet in the fearful onset and of

their hard missiles. So, then, they launched their

grievous shafts upon one another, and the cry of

both armies as they shouted reached to starry heaven ;

and they met together with a great battle-cry.

Then Zeus no longer held back his might; but

straight his heart was filled with fury and he showed

forth all his strength. From Heaven and from

Olympus he came forthwith, hurling his lightning:

the bolts flew thick and fast from his strong hand

together with thunder and lightning, whirling an

awesome flame. The life-giving earth crashed around

in burning, and the vast wood crackled loud with fire

all about. All the land seethed, and Ocean’s streams

and the unfruitful sea. The hot vapour lapped round

_ the earthborn Titans: flame unspeakable rose to the

129

HESIOD

do TéT0s, doce S dpepoe kat idOipov Tp éovT@v

avyn pappwatpovoa Kepauvoo TE TTEPOT HS Te.

Kaba dé Oeoméctov Kxateyev Xados: elaato 5

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opbarpoiow idely 70 OVAGL dooay aKodoar |

AUTWS, WS Eb Data Kat Ovpavos eUpus UmepOe

TiAVATO™ TOLOS yap Ke peyas UIO OOUTrOS O opa@pel

TAS pev eperoperns, Tov 0 wWobev éfepurrovos” |

TOT 0S Sobrros é eryevTO Oeay peo Evviovtav. 705

auv 0 dvemoe evooty TE xoviny T éopapar tov

Bpovtnv Te oTEpom ny TE Kab ai@adoevra KEPAUYOV,

Kira Auos peyarovo, Pépov S bayny T evo nD TE

és pécov appoTtépwv: oT0Bos S° drhnTos opwpel

owepoanrens Eptoos, KAPTOS é avepatvero é Epyov. 710}

exdivOn dé paxn’ mplv 8 aX NOUS em EX OVTES

eM pevEewns epaXOVTO Ota KpaTepas vopivas.

O? & ap’ évi tpw@roes paxnv Opipetan & eyerpav

Korros TE Bpidpews te Tins 7 a aa os TONE [OLO, |

ot pa TpinKooias TET PAs o7tBapav a amo XEpov 7154

ELT OV emacauTépas; Kara, & écxtacav Berécoor

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mépapay Kaul Oe molaly €v apyanéouo w édnoav

XEpolv VLKNTAVTES UrrepOvpous TEP covTas,

TOOGOV even UTO YRS, Ocov ovpavos éoT aro

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TOTOOV yap bie amo YAS és Taprapov NepoevTa. :

évvéa yap VUKTAS TE Kal jpara XadKEOS CK LOV

ovpavober KAT LOD dexaTy Ke és yaiav txouTo"

evvea & av vUKTAS Te Kal yar Xah«eos CK [LeOV |

ex yains KaTL@V dexaTy K és Tdaprapov it iKOL. 725

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TplaToUVEl KEXUTAL TrEpl SeLtpynv: aUTap UTrEpOer

130

THEOGONY

bright upper air: the flashing glare of the thunder

stone and lightning blinded their eyes for all that

they were strong. Astounding heat seized Chaos:

and to see with eyes and to hear the sound with ears

it seemed even as if Earth and wide Heaven above

- eame together ; for such a mighty crash would have

arisen if Earth were being hurled to ruin, and

Heaven from on high were hurling her down; so

great a crash was there while the gods were meeting

together in strife. Also the winds brought rumbling

earthquake and duststorm, thunder and lightning

and the lurid thunderbolt, which are the shafts of

great Zeus, and carried the clangour and the warcry

into the midst of the two hosts. An horrible uproar

of terrible strife arose: mighty deeds were shown

and the battle inclined. But until then, they kept

at one another and fought continually in cruel war.

And amongst the foremost Cottus and Briareos and

Gyes insatiate for war raised fierce fighting: three

hundred rocks, one upon another, they launched

from their strong hands and overshadowed the Titans

with their missiles, and hurled them beneath the

wide-pathed earth, and bound them in bitter chains

when they had conquered them by their strength for

all their great spirit, as far beneath the earth

as heaven is above earth; for so far is it from earth

to Tartarus. Fora brazen anvil falling down from

heaven nine nights and days would reach the earth

upon the tenth: and again, a brazen anvil falling

from earth nine nights and days would reach

Tartarus upon the tenth. Round it runs a fence of

bronze, and night spreads in triple line all about it

ee

K 2

HESIOD

yns pila tedvact Kal atpvyétoto Oadacons.

év0a Ocot Titrhves b7r0 Sod nepoevte

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YOM €v EVPWEVTL, TEANMPNS ETKATA yalns.

Tots ovK é&ttov éott. Ovpas 6 éméOnKe Llocedéwy

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ev0a, Tuns Korros te Kab ‘OBprapews poeyadupos

vatouow, pvraxes muaTtou Aos airyLoxoto. ‘735

"Ev0a be yns ovobepiis Kat Taprapov HepoevTos

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apyanré evpwevta, TA TE TTUYEOVaL Deni TeEp,

ydopa pey, ovdé Ke TavTa TEAETPOpOV eis

évLauTov 3 -740 |

ovdas tKOLT , Eb TPWTA TUAEWY évTOTOE YyEvOLTO, |

annrd Kev évOa Kal EvOa hépor Tpo Overra OvédAry |

apyanrén: Sewov O€ Kal aBavatoict Oeoiat .

TODTO tépas. Nuxtos 6 epeBevv ts oixia deuva

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132

THEOGONY

like a neck-circlet, while above grow the roots—of

the earth and unfruitful sea. There by the counsel

of Zeus who drives the clouds the Titan gods are

hidden under misty gloom, in a dank place where

are the ends of the huge earth. And they may not

go out; for Poseidon fixed gates of bronze upon it,

and a wall runs all round it on every side. There

Gyes and Cottus and great-souled Obriareus live,

trusty warders of Zeus who holds the aegis.

And there, all in their order, are the sources and

ends of gloomy earth and misty Tartarus and the un-

fruitful sea and starry heaven, loathsome and dank,

which even the gods abhor. It is a great gulf, and

if once a man were within the gates, be would not

reach the floor until a whole year had reached its

end, but cruel blast upon blast would carry him this

way and that. And this marvel is awful even to

the deathless gods.

There stands the awful home of murky Night

wrapped in dark clouds. _ In front of it the son of

Iapetus! stands immovably upholding the wide

heaven upon his head and unwearying hands, where

Night and Day draw near and greet one another as

they pass the great threshold of bronze: and while

the one is*about to go down into the house, the

other comes out at the door. \ And the house never

holds them both within; but always one is without

the house passing over the earth, while the other stays

at home and waits until the time for her journeying

come ; and the one holds all-seeing light for them on

earth, but the other holds in her arms Sleep the

1 sc. Atlas, the Shu of Egyptian mythology : cp. note on

line 177.

433

HESIOD

» & “Tarvov pera, VEC, Kao tyyntov @Pavatoo,

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pak phew TET PTL Karnpepe : appl O¢ TAaVTY

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THnArODEV ev YpUTEeN TPOYOW TrohV@VUpLOV VOwWpP —_—'785

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134

THEOGONY

brother of Death, even evil Night, wrapped in-a

vaporous cloud.

And there the children of dark Night have their

dwellings, Sleep and Death, awful gods. The

glowing Sun never looks upon them with his beams,

neither as he goes up into heaven, nor as he comes

down from heaven. And the former of them roams

peacefully over the earth and the sea’s broad back

and is kindly to men; but the other has a heart of

iron, and his spirit within him is pitiless as bronze :

whomsoever of men he has once seized he holds

fast: and he is hateful even to the deathless gods.

There, in front, stand the echoing halls of the god

of the lower-world, strong Hades, and of awful

Persephone. A fearful hound guards the house in

front, pitiless, and he has a cruel trick. On those

who go in he fawns with his tail and both his ears,

but suffers them not to go out back again, but keeps

watch and devours whomsoever he catches going out

of the gates of strong Hades and awful Persephone.

And there dwells the goddess loathed by the

deathless gods, terrible Styx, eldest daughter of back-

flowing! Ocean. She lives apart from the gods in

her glorious house vaulted over with great rocks and

propped up to heaven all round with silver pillars.

Rarely does the daughter of Thaumas, swift-footed

Iris, come to her with a message over the sea’s wide

back. But when strife and quarrel arise among the

deathless gods, and when any one of them who live

in the house of Olympus lies, then Zeus sends Iris

to bring in a golden jug the great oath of the gods

1 Oceauus is here regarded as a continuous stream enclosing

the earth and the seas, and so as flowing back upon himself.

135

HESIOD

f denne We / , b] tA

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136

THEOGONY

from far away, the famous cold water which trickles

down from a high and beetling rock. Far under the

wide-pathed earth a branch of Oceanus flows through

the dark night out of the holy stream, and a tenth

part of his water is allotted to her. With nine silver-

swirling streams he winds about the earth and the

sea’s wide back, and then falls into the main!; but

the tenth flows out from a rock, a sore trouble to the

gods. For whoever of the deathless gods that hold

the peaks of snowy Olympus pours a libation of her

water and is forsworn, lies breathless until a full year

is completed, and. never comes near to taste ambrosia

and nectar, but lies spiritless and voiceless on a

strewn bed: and a heavy trance overshadows him.

But when he has spent a long year in his sickness,

another penance and an harder follows after the

first. For nine years he is cut off from the eternal

gods and never joins their councils or their feasts,

nine full years. But in the tenth year he comes again

to join the assemblies of the deathless gods who live

in the house of-Olympus. Such an oath, then, did

the gods appoint the eternal and primaeval water of

Styx to be: and it spouts through a rugged_-place.

And there, all in their order, are the sources and

ends of the dark earth and misty Tartarus and the

unfruitful sea and starry heaven, loathsome and

dank, which even the gods abhor. And there are

shining gates and an immoveable threshold of bronze

having unending roots and it is grown of itself.?, And

1 The conception of Oceanus is here different: he has nine

streams which encircle the earth and the flow out into the

‘‘main ” which appears to be the waste of waters on which,

according to early Greek and Hebrew cosmology, the disk-

like earth floated.

2 2.€. the threshold is of ‘‘native” metal, and not artificial.

137

HESIOD

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avTap épiawapayoLo Avos KAELTOL ETTLKOUPOL 815

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| 138

THEOGONY

beyond, away from all the gods, live the Titans,

beyond gloomy Chaos. But the glorious allies of

loud-crashing Zeus have their dwelling upon Ocean's

foundations, even Cottus and Gyes; but Briareos,

being goodly, the deep-roaring EKarth-Shaker made

his son-in-law, giving him proper? his daughter

to wed.

But when Zeus had driven the Titans from heaven,

huge Earth bare her youngest child Typhoeus of

the love of Tartarus, by the aid of golden Aphrodite.

Strength was with his hands in all that he did and

the feet of the strong god were untiring. From his |

shoulders grew an hundred heads of a snake, a

fearful dragon, with dark, flickering tongues, and

from under the brows of his eyes in his marvellous

heads flashed fire, and fire burned from his heads as

he glared. And tliére were voices in all his dreadful

heads which uttered every kind of sound unspeak-

able ; for at one time they made sounds such that the

gods understood, but at another, the noise of a bull

bellowing aloud in proud ungovernable fury ; and at

another, the sound of a lion, relentless of heart; and

at another, sounds like whelps, wonderful to hear ;

and again, at another, he would hiss, so that the

high mountains re-echoed. And truly a thing past

help would have happened Serthat day, and he

would have come to reign over mortals and immortals,

had not the father of men and gods been quick to

perceive it. But he thundered hard and mightily :

and the earth around resounded terribly and the

wide heaven above, and the sea and Ocean’s streams

and the nether parts of the earth. Great Olympus

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2. Rzach : TEXYNOW tvev, MSS.

3 Hermann : mapéAexro O¢uis, MSS.

146

THEOGONY

Lastly, he made Hera his blooming wife: and she

was joined in love with the king of gods and men,

and brought forth Hebe and Ares and Hileithyia.

But Zeus himself gave birth from his own head to

bright-eyed Tritogeneia,! the awful, the strife-stirring,

the host-leader, the unwearying, the queen, who

delights in tumults and wars and battles. But Hera

without union with Zeus—for she was very angry and

quarrelled with her mate—bare famous Hephaestus,

who is skilled in crafts more than all the sons of

Heaven.

But Hera was very angry and quarrelled with her

mate. And because of this strife she bare without

union with Zeus who holds the aegis a glorious son,

Hephaestus, who excelled all the sons of Heaven

in crafts. But Zeus lay with the fair-cheeked

daughter of Ocean and Tethys apart from Hera...

deceiving Metis (Thought) although she was full wise.

But he seized her with his hands and put her in his

belly, for fear that she might bring forth something

stronger than his thunderbolt: therefore did Zeus,

who sits on high and dwells in the aether, swallow

her down suddenly. But she straightway conceived

Pallas Athene: and the father of men and gods gave

her birth by way of his head on the banks of the

river Trito. And she remained hidden beneath the

inward parts of Zeus, even Metis, Athena’s mother,

worker of righteousness, who was wiser than gods and

mortal men. There the goddess (Athena) received

that whereby she excelled in strength all the death-

1 7.e. Athena, who was born ‘‘on the banks of the river

Trito” (cp. 1. 9291),

2 sc. the aegis. Line 9298 is probably spurious, since it

pas ag with 9294 and contains a suspicious reference to

ens.

147

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148

THEOGONY

less ones who dwell in Olympus, she who made the

host-scaring weapon of Athena. And with it (Zeus)

gave her birth, arrayed in arms of war.

‘And of Amphitrite and the loud-roaring Earth-

Shaker was born great, wide-ruling Triton, and he

owns the depths of the sea, living with his dear

mother and the lord his father in their golden house,

an awful god.

Also Cytherea bare to Ares the shield-piercer

Panic and Fear, terrible gods who drive in disorder

the close ranks of men in numbing war, with the

help of Ares, sacker of towns; and Harmonia whom

high-spirited Cadmus made his wife.

And Maia, the daughter of Atlas, bare to Zeus

glorious Hermes, the herald of the deathless gods,

for she went up into his holy bed.

And Semele, daughter of Cadmus was joined with

him in love and bare him a splendid son, joyous

_ Dionysus,—a mortal woman an immortal son. And

now they both are gods.

And Alemena was joined in love with Zeus who

drives the clouds and bare mighty Heracles.

And Hephaestus, the famous Lame One, made

Aglaea, youngest of the Graces, his buxom wife.

And golden-haired Dionysus made brown-haired °

Ariadne, the daughter of Minos, his buxom wife:

and the son of Cronos made her deathless and

unageing for him. |

And mighty Heracles, the alien? son of neat-

ankled Alemena, when he had finished his grievous

toils, made Hebe the child of great Zeus and gold-

shod Hera his shy wife in snowy Olympus. Happy

he! For he has finished his great work and lives

149

HESIOD

OrBt0s, Os péeya épyor év ABavaTroow aviccas

VALEL ATH WAVTOS Kai AYHPAOS HuaTa TaYTa. 955)

"Hertw & axdpavte téxev kdvTOS ‘Oncavivn

Ileponis Kipxny te cat Atnrny Bacidja.

Ainrns 8 vios paeciuBportou ’Herioro

Koupny ‘OKeavoto TENHEVTOS ToTapoto

vie Geav BovrAnow ‘Idviav Kadhemapnov. 7 960°

4 6€ ot Mydecav evadupov év prrornte :

era vToéunbetaoa Sua ypucenv PRAETT '

;

vot T HTELpOL TE Kal ene évooO. movTos.

vov O€ Jedwy hidrov aeioare, HOvEeTELAL 965

Mota "Oduprriades, Kobpaw Atos airytoxoto,

doaat On Ounroice Tap avdpaow evvnetaar

abdavatat ‘yelvavTo Geots emeiena TEKVA.

Anyunrnp joey T1dobrov é éyeivaro, dita Oedwr,

‘Tactov’ Hpoe puryeto” eparh prdornte 970

vEer@ eve TpLTON, Kpyrns é év move Onue, -|

écOnrov, ds ela’ emt yhv Te Kal evpea vaTAa Daracons

TavTn T@ O€ TUYOVTL Kal OU K és YeElpas ixnTat,

Tov © advevoy €Onke, ToNvY 6€ of W@Tacev OAPoP.

Kddum S “Appovin, Ouvyarnp xpuaéns “Adpo-

iTS, 975

"lye Kat Lemedqu Kat “Ayauny Kadhem dpyov

Avrovony 0’, iv yihpev “Aptotaios Babuxairns,

yelvato Kat Ton vSopov évatepave evt OnBy.

Kovpy & ’“Oxeavov, Xpvodope KaptepoO ve

pry eta” év prdornre TOY pUTOU ‘Ag podirns, 980

Karacpon TEKE Tatoa Spore KapTic Tov aTaYTOY,

Pnpvovéa, Tov KTelve Bin ‘Hpaxrnein

Body ever’ eihirrodwv appippvT@ eiv “Epudetn.

150

THEOGONY

amongst the undying gods, untroubled and unageing

all his days. yy

And Perseis, the daughter of Ocean, bare to

unwearying Helios Circe and Aeétes the king. And

Aeétes, the son of Helios who shows light to men,

took to wife fair-cheeked Idyia, daughter of Ocean

the perfect stream, by the will of the gods: and she

was subject to him in love through golden Aphrodite

and bare him neat-ankled Medea.

And now farewell, you dwellers on Olympus and

you islands and continents and thou briny sea within.

Now sing the company of goddesses, sweet-voiced

Muses of Olympus, daughter of Zeus who holds the

aegis,—even those deathless ones who lay with mortal

men and bare children like unto gods.

Demeter, bright goddess, was joined in sweet

love with the hero Iasion in a thrice-ploughed fallow

in the rich land of Crete, and bare Plutus, a kindly

god who goes everywhere over land and the sea’s

wide back, and him who finds him and into whose

hands he comes he makes rich, bestowing great

wealth upon him.

And Harmonia, the daughter of golden Aphrodite,

bare to Cadmus Ino and Semele and fair-cheeked

Agave and Autonoé whom long haired Aristaeus

wedded, and Polydorus also in rich-crowned Thebe.

And the daughter of Ocean, Callirrhoé was joined

in the love of rich Aphrodite with stout hearted

Chrysaor and bare a son who was the strongest of all

men, Geryones, whom mighty Heracles killed in sea-

girt Erythea for the sake of his shambling oxen:

151

HESIOD

Ti0ave & "Has réxe Méwvova yadKoxopvaTnp,

Ai@toray Bacirja, cal Hyabiwva advakta. 985

avtap Ural Kedar dhiticato haidipov vio,

iPOtuov PaéPovta, Oeois émrveixeXov avdpa.

Tov pa véov Tépev avOos exovT éptxudéos HANS

Tats’ aTara ppovéovra pirouperoys Appooity

Opt avapepapévn, rai usv Caéors evi vyots 990

pnoTroXov vUyLov ToLnTaTo, Saipova Otov.

Kovpnv & Aintao dvotpedéos Bactdjos

Aicovidns Bovrjot Oe@v ateuyeveTawy

Aye map Aintew, Teréoas aTovdevtas aéeOXous,

TOUS TWoAXOUS é7réTEAAE péyas BaciArevs vUTEp-

VP, 995

vBpiatns TleAins Kal aracbanos, oBptwoepyos.

TOUS TENETAS Tawh«ov AdtKETO, TOAAA poynaas,

@Kelns er v0S ayov EUKOTLOA Koupny

Aigovidns, Kab pL Oarepny TOLNTAT GcOUT LY.

Kat p ye Ounbeto’ vm ‘Ingou, Tolpevs NAW, 1000

Mydeov tTéxe maida, TOV oupeow étpede Xeipav

Porupions: peyarou dé Acos voos efeTenelTo.

Av’tap Nypios Kovpat, dAL0v0 rYyépov'Tos,

7) TOL pev Daxov Vapady TeKE dia Oedwv

Ataxkov év dinornte OLa xpuceny ‘Ad podirny, 1005

TInree dé dunbeica Oca O€tis dpyupotrefa

yelvaT AXA a pnéjvopa Oupohéovra.

Aivetay & ap ETL TED evo TEPavos Ku6épeva

“Ayxion ft Hp@t peryeto eparh prroTnte

"ldns év Kopupyar TONUTTUXOV vAnéEcans. 1010

Ke pen 0’, “Hedtov Ouyarnp ‘Trreptovioao,

yetvar’ Wevcenes Tahacippovos év didoTnte

"Aypiov ndoé Aativov apvpova Te KpaTEpov Te

152

THEOGONY

_ And Eos bare to Tithonus brazen-crested Memnon,

| _ king of the Ethiopians, and the Lord Emathion.

And to Cephalus she bare a splendid son, strong

Phaéthon, a man like the gods, whom, when he was

a young boy in the tender flower of glorious youth

with childish thoughts, laughter-loving Aphrodite

seized. and caught up and made a keeper of her

shrine by night, a divine spirit.

And the son of Aeson by-the will of the gods led

away from Aeétes the daughter of Aeétes the

heaven-nurtured king, when he had finished the

many grievous labours which the great king, over-

bearing Pelias, that outrageous and presumptuous doer

of violence, put upon him. But when the son of

Aeson had finished them, he came to Jolecus after

long toil bringing the coy-eyed girl with him on his

swift ship, and made her his buxom wife. And she

was subject to lason, shepherd of the people, and

bare a son Medeus whom Cheiron the son of Philyra

brought up in the mountains. And the will of great

Zeus was fulfilled.

But of the daughters of Nereus, the Old man of the

Sea/ Psamathe the fair goddess, was loved by Aeacus

through golden Aphrodite and bare Phocus./, And

the silver-shod goddess Thetis was subject to Peleus

and brought forth lion-hearted Achilles, the destroyer

of men.

And Cytherea with the beautiful crown was

joined in sweet love with the hero Anchises and bare

Aeneas on the peaks of Ida with its many wooded

glens.

And Circe the daughter of Helius, Hyperion’s son,

loved steadfast Odysseus and bare Agrius and Latinus

who was faultless and strong: also she brought forth

; 153

HESIOD

[Tnr€yovoy & dp étixte b1a ypvocénv “Adposi-

Thy.)

of 6) Tot pada THE MUXO VHTOV lepawv 1015

Tacw Tuponvotow ayakrelTotow dvacoov.

Navaidoov 8 “Odvajt Kartuwo dia Oedov

ryelvaTo Navoivoov TE puaryetor épaThn piXOTHTL.

Avra pey Ovntotat Tap avopaow evvnO eta at

abdvatas yeivavto Oeois émicixeda TEKVA. 1020 9

Nov 6€ yvvatkav pidov Qeloare, noverrerae

Movcas ‘Odupridoes, xovpat Avos airyLoxoco.

* * * *

KATAAOTOI [TTNAIKON. HOTAI

le

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius Arg. ii. 1086.

OTL Tpounlecs Kab TI povoins” vios Acuxaniov

‘Haiodos év TPOT@ Katahoy pnot, Kai ote Aev-

Kartovos cat Tvppas “EXXgv.

yh

Toannes Lydus,? de Mens. i. 13. Aartivovs peév

\ b) / \ \ \ ¢ /

TOUS emiyvwplacovTas, I‘patxous dé TOUS ehAnve-

Covras éxaouv amo Aativov ... Kal T'paixov TOV

adeAdhav, os dnow Hatodos év Katandoyors:

1 Omitted by D, Eustathius, and Laurentian Scholiast on

Apollonius Rhodius iii. 200. 2 Sittl: Mavdépas, scholiast.

3 An antiquarian writer of Byzantium, c. 490-570 A.D.

154

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

Telegonus by the will of golden Aphrodite. And

they ruled over the famous Tyrsenians, very far off

in a recess of the holy islands.

And the bright goddess Calypso was joined to

Odysseus in sweet love, and bare him Nausithoiis and

Nausinoiis.

These are the immortal goddesses who lay with .

mortal men and bare them children like unte gods.

But now, sweet-voiced Muses of Olympus, daughters

of Zeus who holds the aegis, sing of the company of

women.

THE CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND

KOIAE !

b:

That Deucalion was the son of Prometheus and

Pronoea, Hesiod states in the first Catalogue, as also

that Hellen was the son of Deucalion and Pyrrha.

2.

They came to call those who followed local

manners Latins, but those who followed Hellenic

customs Greeks, after the brothers Latinus and

Graecus ; as Hesiod says:

1 A catalogue of heroines each of whom was introduced

with the words 4% of%y, ‘*‘ Or like her.”

455

HESIOD

Kkovupn ©. év peyapous wv ayavov Aevaariovos

Tavowpn Au Tat pl, Gedy ONMaVTOPL TaVT Ov,

py Peta’ év duroTnTe TEKEV Vette) vaemeerien

2.

Constantinus Porphyrogenitus, * de Them. 2 p. 48 B.

Makedovia 7 Xopa (avopacOn) a0 Maxedovos

TOU Atos Kat Ovias ths Aeveariwvos, ws dnow

“Hoiodos-

i & wmoxvoapevn Avi yetvato TEPTILKEPAUY@

vie ove Maryvntra Maxnoova 0 immLoxXapeny,

ot wept Uvepiny cat "Odvprov dopat évacov.

” x + x

Madyvns 8 atv Aixtuv te cat avtiOeov IWorv-

SexTEA.

4,

Plutarch, Mor. p. 747; Schol. on Pindar Pyth.

iv. 263.

“EKXAAnvos 0 éyévovTto pidomTor pou Baowdijos

A@pos Te 0000s tg Kat AlonXos immoydpuns.

Aionrioat 6 -éyévorto Oemearomorou Bacudhes

Kpndevs 78 “APapas cat Licvdos aiodountis

Yarpovevs T adikos Kat VTépOvmos Lepunpns.

5.

Scholiast on Apollonius fihodwus, Arg. iv. 266. ot

a7 0 Aeveadiovos TO ‘yéVvOsS EXOVTES éBacidevov

Mecoadias, ws pnow ‘Exatatios Kat ‘Hotodos.

6.

Idem, i. 482. "AXewiddas .. . . Hatodos 66’ AXo-

‘éos Kal “Idtpedeias Kat’ érixrnow, Tats dé ady-

156

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOJAE

*< And in the palace Pandora the daughter of noble

Deucalion was joined in love with father Zeus, leader

of all the gods, and bare Graecus, staunch in battle.”

3.

The district Macedonia took its name_ from

Macedon the son of Zeus and Thyia, Deucalion s

daughter, as Hesiod says :

«¢ And she conceived and bare to Zeus who delights

in the thunderbolt two sons, Magnes and Macedon,

rejoicing in horses, who dwell round about Pieria

and Olympus. ... And Magnes again (begot) Dictys

and godlike Polydectes.

4,

“ And from Hellen the war-loving king sprang

Dorus and Xuthus and Aeolus delighting in horses.

And the sons of Aeolus, kings dealing justice, were

Cretheus, and Athamas, and clever Sisyphus, and

wicked Salmoneus and overbold Perieres.”

D.

Those who were descended from Deucalion used

to rule over Thessaly as Hecataeus and Hesiod say.

6.

Aloiadae. Hesiod said they were sons of Aloéus,

—called so after him,—and of Iphimedea, but in

1 Constantine VII. ‘‘ Born in the Porphyry Chamber,”’

905-959 a.p.

T57

HESIOD

Oetats Hlocevda@vos Kat “Idipedeias bn, cal “AXov

Todw AitwXLas UO TOU TaTpos avToY éxTiaOaL.

"

Berlin Papyri 7497 and Oxyrhynchus Papyri, 421.1

[Evpuvopn Nicou Ouyatnp Iav]|6rovidao,

[tv Tacav TEXYNY 616 |afaro Tarras “AOnvn,

[ ujdea iSpoobyny T emt: 08 Je” yap ica Oeotct. 5

[Oectrecin & oom Tapa et|uatos apyupeoio

[dpvuto KUVULeUNS” Brrhapor| 0 amo el00S ANTO.

[tTHs O ap IXadvd«os ‘AOnvat Ins TELpHTATO Bovvais,

Bods éracals- GXXr od tt Atos voor airyLoxoto

éyveo: o pl ev Sopors Sl |nwevos mrOe yuvaira 10

BovrAn AOlnvains: o 8 dva€k] vepernyeperar Zev[s

adavatov [avéveve k|apynate untoT omat|pous

ésoec0ar Tl aidas ...|yTov Ytovdidao.

» 6€ Iloce| woawvos a ayKoWNnoL piyetoa

Pravcou év* [otk érextev| auvpova Berr| epodor-

THY 15

eEoxov avOl porta . Jerne ear am etpova m|ovrov.

TO 0€ Kal H[AdoKoVTL Ta|tHnp Tope IIHyaco| py, os

én

@KUTATOV [wrepuyerou pepo x€] pv érrre|T ATELENS

mavTn avl a XGove . . . mel HUT a|nrat iar[re

vv TO TU| p TVELoVTAY EX@V Karémepve Xipecpay, 20

yhe 88 maida hirnv peyarnropos loBdtao

aidotov Baal ujos

Koipavos a...

Tél KE .

1 Berlin Papyri, 7497 (left-hand fragment) and Oxzy-

rhynchus Papyri, 421 (right-hand fragment). For the

restoration see Class. Quart. wilt 207- 8.

2 oidje : Jre, Ox. Pap. 3 draltpous, drag|om, Ox. Pap.

* TAavew ev (not er), Berl. Pap.

158

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

reality, sons of Poseidon and Iphimedea, and that

Alus a city of Aetolia was founded by their father.

ie

«_.. Eurynome the daughter of Nisus, Pandion’s

son, to whom Pallas Athena taught all her art, both

wit and wisdom too; for she was as wise as the

gods. A marvellous scent rose from her silvern

raiment as she moved, and beauty was wafted from

her eyes. Her, then, Glaucus sought to win by

Athena’s advising, and he drove oxen! for her. But

he knew not at all the intent of Zeus who holds the

aegis. So Glaucus came seeking her to wife with

gifts; but cloud-driving Zeus, king of the deathless

gods, bent his head in oath that the .. . son of Sisy-

phus should never have children born of one father.?

So she lay in the arms of Poseidon and bare in the

house of Glaucus blameless Bellerophon, surpassing

all men in... over the boundless sea. And when

he began to roam, his father gave him Pegasus who

would bear him most swiftly on his wings, and flew

unwearying everywhere over the earth, for like the

gales he would course along. With him Bellerophon

caught and slew the fire-breathing Chimera. And

he wedded the dear child of the great-hearted

Iobates, the worshipful king ... lord (of) ... and

she Dare *:’.

1 As the price to be given to her father for her: so in

Iivadsxviii. 593 maidens are called ‘‘ earners of oxen.” Possibly

Glaucus, like Aias (fr. 68, ll. 55 ff.), raided (Bots éadoas) the

cattle of others.

2 4.e. Glaucus should father the children of others. The

curse of Aphrodite on the daughters of Tyndareus (fr. 67)

may be compared.

rao

HESIOD

8.

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius Arg. iv. 57. ‘Tov

dé “Evdupiwva “Hoiodos pév “AeOdtov tod Atos

cat Karvens, mapa Aros eikndhota To S@pov

€ 3 n , / /

iy 0 avt@ Gavatou Tapins OTE perros OdEo Oat.

: iS

Scholiast Ven. on Homer, Il. xi. 750. “Axtoptave

Mondiove. ... Hatodos "Axtopos Kat érikdnow

cat Morgxdévns abtovs yeyeveadoynkev, youm dé

Ilocesd@vos. :

Porphyrwus, Quaest. Hom. ad Tied. pert., 265.

‘Apiorapyos dé dedupous aKover op datth? olou 70 av

Kal ot Atocxopot, GNA TOUS dives, Ov@ € exovras

c@pata, “Howodm pdptupe xXp@pevos, Kal Tovds

TULTEDPVKOTAS GNANNOLS. :

10.

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodiws, Arg. i. 156.

‘Hoiosos 6é peta BAnGevra els TWA TOV ouv70 wy

Lopp ov émixaler Ohya TO omparg Tob fuyovd Tav

“Hpaknreous ¢ intov, Rovrspuevov ets paxny Kara

oTHVAL TO per, Tov 6€“Hpakdéa Kxaiptws avTov

Katatokeboat THs A@nvas trobeEdons. dnat dé

oUTMS*

TlepexXvpevov T wyepwXov

odBtov, @ TOpeE o@pa lloceddwy évootx Pav

TAYTOL “ddAoTE pev yap év opvidecot pdverkev

aieTOS, AAANOTE O AUTE TENS GIERTs Gada (0é-

cba,

poppuné, adore & avte peioaboy ayhaa pura,

adroTe & aivos ddus Kal apeiduyos. eye O€ dOpa

160

—————— s-

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

8.

Hesiod says that Endymion was the son of

Aethlius the son of Zeus and Calyce, and received

the gift from Zeus: “(To be) keeper of death for his

own self when he was ready to die.”

o:

The two sons of Actor and Molione. ... Hesiod

has given their descent by calling them after Actor

and Molione; but their father was Poseidon.

But Aristarchus is informed that they were twins,

not... such as were the Dioscuri, but, on Hesiod’s

testimony, double in form and with two bodies and

joined to one another.

10,

But Hesiod says that he changed himself in one

of his wonted shapes and perched on the yoke-boss

of Heracles’ horses, meaning to fight with the hero ;

but that Heracles, secretly instructed by Athena,

wounded him mortally with an arrow. And he says

as follows :

«, . . and lordly Periclymenus. Happy he! For

earth-shaking Poseidon gave him all manner of

gifts. At one time he would appear among birds,

an eagle; and again at another he would be an ant,

a marvel to see; and again at another time a dread

relentless snake. And he possessed all manner of

161

M

“HESIOD

TAVTOL , OUK OVOMAGTTA, TA MLV KAL ETrELTA OOAWOE

Bovrn ’A@nvains.

it,

Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Tepnvia.

xtetve 6€ NyAhos TaXacidpovos viéas écOdovs

évdexa, dwbéxaTos O€ Tepnvios immota Néotwp

Ecivos éwy érvynoe Tap’ immoddmovot Vepnvois.

x x x ”

Néorap otos ddvéev év avOenoevts Vepnve.

12:

Lustathius, Hom. VEOG.30:

T NAELAX § ap eT UKTED évfwvos Iloxvedorn,

Néoropos OTANOTATNH KOUPY NyAnuddao,

Ilepoétrokw puyOeica dia ypvoénv “Adpoditny.

13.

Scholiast on Homer, Od. xii. 69. Tup® 1) Lanr-

Havens éexouoa Ovo poe éK TLocesdévos, Nnréa

TE Kal Ilediav, Eryn we Kpnéa, Kat loxer Tatoas

é& avtoo Tpets, Aicova Kat Pepyra Kab ‘ApvOdova.

Aicovos 6€ cal Tlonupndns ca® “Hotodov yivetat

ldo.

Aicov, os téxeO’ vidv “Incova, Troiméva Naar,

dv Xipwv Oper évi Unriw ornHevTe.

14,

Petrie Papyri (ed. Mahaffy), Pl. ITI. 3.

ayaknXe |tToto avaKTos

|rodoxns ot “Atraddvrn

Syouwhjos Ouyarnp, | Xapitav a apapyy war éyouca,

@pain wep éovda am |avaiveto podov 0“wotov

avdpav Bovromevn hevye luv yapov akdnotaor.

162

ES OO Gree ee ee

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

gifts which cannot be told, and these then ensnared

him through the devising of Athene.”’ . ;

Tt.

(Heracles) slew the noble sons of steadfast Neleus,

eleven of them; but the twelfth, the horseman

Gerenian Nestor chanced to be staying with the

horse-taming Gerenians. .. Nestor alone escaped in

flowery Gerenon.”

12.

“So well-girded Polycaste, the youngest daughter

of Nestor, Neleus’ son, was joined in love with

Telemachus through golden Aphrodite and _ bare

Persepolis.”

13.

Tyro the daughter of Salmoneus, having two sons

by Poseidon, Neleus and Pelias, married Cretheus,

and had by him three sons, Aeson, Pheres and |.

Amythaon. And of Aeson and Polymede, according

to Hesiod, Iason was born.

«“ Aeson, who begot a son Iason, shepherd of the

people, whom Chiron brought up in woody Pelion.”

14,

See or tne elorious lord . . . fair: Atalanta,

swift of foot, the daughter of Schoeneus, who had

the beaming eyes of the Graces, though she was

ripe for wedlock rejected the company of her equals

and sought to avoid marriage with men who eat

bread.”

163

M 2

HESIOD

Scholiast on Homer, Ltiad xxl, 683. VE@TEPOS

otv ‘Hoiodos yupvov eicdywv ‘Immopévn aywveto-

pevov “AtaXavtTn.

Papirit grect e latin, ii. No. 130 (2nd—3rd

century).

To 8 ap ém avTiK éTrELTa tlavicdup[os] @pPVUTO

Koupy *

éEoyov eidos éyova la: Todds 6 appiarad Oputhos

SeLVvOV Oepropevy’ O|auBos 0 exe TAVTAS Op@VTas.

THS pev KLVUMEVNS Tv loin Cepvporo XeTava

ouryaoevT éheMige mTel|pt otnOeoo amanoiat. ; 5 [10]

anf oe ave “Inropevns: TOX [NOS o emeryelpero ads.

ToL On aKny Hoa 2x louvers dé yéyave Bonoas:

Kéxruté ev twavtes nulév vi éloe noe yépovtes,

dbp elma Ta pe Ovpos| evi ornBecor KEedeveL.

‘Lrropevns pvnatever | éuny Edixn@mioa Kovpyv. 10[15|

pvbos & 600 wyins vdv] ot eipnwévos gota:

ov pv aéOrov atep KexT|noeTAaL. Ef O€ KEV OUTOS

pienoas Oavatov Te poyy Kal| Kdd0¢5 apec Bau

‘ aOdvatot ddar ot ‘Onvp | ra S@OLAT eXovow, 15 [20]

7) TOL VOT THCOVTL pipryy é és matploa yatav

Tatoa hirny Oooo, étt 8 wxu|todwv cbévos imran,

TOUS pa Somovd a&et ele ie Kai vv Ke Ovp@

TeppOeiy pev Exwv, atel| © avinpov aeOXov

pepvewmT evppoctvyot. matnp| & avodpav Te

Geapv TE 20 [25 |

1 Slight remains of five lines precede line 1 in the original :

after line 20 an unknown number of lines have been lost,

and traces of a verse preceding line 21 are here omitted.

Between lines 29 and 30 are fragments of six verses which

do not suggest any definite restoration. The numbering of

the original publication is given in brackets.

164

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

Hesiod is therefore later in date than Homer since ——~

he represents Hippomenes as stripped when con-

tending with Atalanta.

«Then straightway there rose up against him the

trim-ankled maiden (Atalanta), peerless in beauty :

a great throng stood round about her as she gazed

fiercely, and wonder held all men as they looked

upon her. As she moved, the breath of the west

wind stirred the shining garment about her tender

bosom ; but Hippomenes stood where he was: and

much people was gathered together. All these kept

silence ; but Schoeneus cried and said:

“‘¢ Hear me all, both young and old, while I speak

as my spirit within my breast bids me. Hippomenes

seeks my coy-eyed daughter to wife; but let him

now hear my wholesome speech. He shall not win

her without contest; yet, if he be victorious and

escape death, and if the deathless gods who dwell

on Olympus grant him to win renown, verily he shall

return to his dear native land, and I will give him

my dear child and strong, swift-footed horses besides

which he shall lead home to be cherished possessions ;

and may he rejoice in heart possessing these, and

ever remember with gladness the painful contest.

May the father of men and of gods (grant that

splendid children may be born to him?)’

* ok * *

1 In the earliest times a loin-cloth was worn by athletes,

but was discarded after the 14th Olympiad.

2 The end of Schoeneus’ speech, the preparations and the

beginning of the race are lost.

165

HESIOD

OcELTEpN at ee

Kat jouv emaioo wy err

ny UToXwpNTaAs [em | dpleTeei [rots op dyeeAlbeprroy

aOhov Exel’ 4 wév pa 7 oo@«ns d¢ “AtaXavTn

(eT avarvopern oapa [xpucéns ‘Ad podirys, 25 [31]

T@ O€ Trepl puxiis ‘TéNE| TO Spomos, 1 i) Popov evpet

Ale duyelv' TO Kal pa dor| oppovewy mpoceeme:

°O, Ody yatep Zyouwijos, apletrrxov 7 TOP éxouca,

d|é£0 Tad’ dyNaa Sapa Oe as, xpvoens PN PPP ITT

* %

avTap 6 [piuda oldeccr i la alae KE TO

TPOTOV, 30 [42]

1 O at ac? “Aprruca petlactpepbetoa TO prov

Empapyy AUTAP 0 YELP TO SevTEpov 7| Ke Nauace.

Kab 67 € EXED | OvO ira TodwKnS OL ‘At[aXavrn,

eyyvs Sw téreos- 5 88 TO T piTov KE [xapace,

avy TH & é&édhuyev Odvatov Kal Kl fpa pédatvay 35 [47]

éoTn 0 auTrveiwy Kal.

15.

Strabo, 1. p. 42.

Kal Koupny “ApaBouo, TOD “Eppedov aKannta

yelvato Kat Opovin, covpyn. Bndovo avaxTos.

16.

Kustathius, Hom. 461. 2.

"Apyos avudpov éov Aavaos woinoey évudpov.

17.

Hecataeus' in Scholiast on Euripides, Orestes, 872.

i¢ Ss Sy] 2oaaN \ >] 5 b) 4

0 6€ Aiyumtos autos pev ovx AOev eis “Apyos,

n \ > / e \ id / bd /

qatoas oé [améotevrer |, ws pev ‘Hoiodos érotnee,

/

TEVTHKOVTA.

1 Of Miletus, flourished about 520 B.c. His work, a mix-

ture of history and geography, was used by Herodotus.

166

K

|

.

4

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

emuetee ent . . . and “he, rushing upon her, .... -

drawing back slightly towards the left. And on —

them was laid an unenviable struggle: for she, even

fair, swift-footed Atalanta, ran scorning the gifts of

golden Aphrodite; but with him the race was for

his life, either to find his doom, or to escape it.

Therefore with thoughts of guile he said to her:

“QO daughter of Schoeneus, pitiless in heart, re-

ceive these glorious gifts of the goddess, golden

Aphrodite .. . ?

* ok

« But he, following lightly on his feet, cast the first

apple!: and, swiftly as a Harpy, she turned back and

snatched it. Then he cast the second to the ground

with his hand. And now fair, swift-footed Atalanta

had two apples and was near the goal; but Hippo-

menes cast the third apple to the ground, and

therewith escaped death and black fate. And he

stood panting and...”

15.

“And the daughter of Arabus, whom worthy

Hermaon begat with Thronia, daughter of the lord

Belus.”’

16.

“ Argos which was waterless Danaus made well-

watered.”

we

Aegyptus himself did not go to Argos, but sent

his sons, fifty in number, as Hesiod represented.

1. Of the three which Aphrodite gave him to enable him to

overcome Atalanta. :

167

HESIOD

18.

Strabo,} viii. p. 370. Ka “AmroAdO6w pos ... onotv

Belo Sep peVTOL Kal ‘A pxiAoxov 70 efdévat

kat “EXAnvas Aeyopevous TOUS TULTAYTAS Kab

Ilavédrnvas, .. . wept Tov Ipostid@y NéyovTa ws

Tlavérrnves euvjorevoy avTas.

Apollodorus, ii. 2: 1.4. “Axpiovos pev “Apyous

Bactrever, I potros dé Tipuvbos. Kal yivetat

"Axpioio pev é& ‘Hupudi«ns THs AMaxkedaipovos

Aavan, IIpoite 6é é« SOeveBoias

Avoinnn [te] cal “Idiwvon cat Idsavacca

«© N

auras Onhd it eudynoay, Os poev Hatodds pow,

ott Tas Atovicov TErETAS OV KATEOEXOVTO.

Probus? on Vergil, Eclogue vi. 48. Has, quod

Tunonis contempserant numen, insania exterritas,

quae crederent se boves factas, patriam Argos

reliquisse, postea a Melampode Amythaonis filio

sanatas.

Suidas s.v. paxroovyn.

elvexa paxroovyvns aTtuyephs Tépev @AEcav

av0os.

Lustathius, Hom. 1746. 7.

Kat yap opuy Kepahyat KATA KVUOS aivov dyever"

adpos yap Xpoa tavTa Katéoxebev, éx O€ vU

VALTAL

Eppeov eK Keparéwy, YidovTO Oe KANA KapHva.

1 The geographer ; fl. c. 24 B.o.

2 Fl. 56-88 a.p.: he is best known for his work on Vergil,

168

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

18.1

And Apollodorus says that Hesiod already knew

that the whole people were called both Hellenes and

Panhellenes, as when he says of the daughters of

Proetus that the Panhellenes sought them in

marriage.

_ Acrisius was king of Argos and Proetus of Tiryns.

And Acrisius had by Eurydice the daughter of |

Lacedemon, Danae ; and Proetus by Stheneboea

« Lysippe and Iphinoé and Iphianassa.’’ And these

fell mad, as Hesiod states, because they would not

receive the rites of Dionysus.

These (the daughters of Proetus), because they

had scorned the divinity of Juno, were overcome

with madness, such that they believed they had been

turned into cows, and left Argos their own country.

Afterwards they were cured by Melampus, the son

e. een.

“Because of their hideous wantonness they lost

their tender beauty ... For he shed upon their

heads a fearful itch: and leprosy covered all their

flesh, and their hair dropped from their heads, and

their fair scalps were made bare.”’

1 The Hesiodic story of the daughters of Proetus can be

reconstructed from these notices. They were sought in

marriage by all the Greeks (Panhellenes), but having offended

Dionysus (or, according to Servius, Juno), were afflicted with

a disease which destroyed their beauty (or were turned into

cows). They were finally healed by Melampus.

169

HESIOD

Hin

Scholiast on Homer, Il. xii. 292. Evp@manv thv

Woivixos Zevs dead pevos év TLL Aewwave beTa

VULPOV avOn dvareyouray npacln Kal KatehOov

AAAEED € EQUTOV els Tadpov Kal a0 TOD oTOMATOS

KpOKOV é€mvEl’ OUT@S TE THV Evpomny am aTng as

éBdoTtace Kat dvaTropO wevoas eis Kpyrny euiyn

avTn 60 ovTwS TUV@KLT EV avr Hy ‘AoTepiovt TO

Kpntov Baownret: ryevouevn dé éyKuOS éxeivn) TPEls

Tatoas eyevenge, Mivoa, Laprndova kal “Pada-

pavOvr. 4 totopia tap “Hovod@ cat Baxyvrséon.

20.

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. ii. 178. ws

6é¢ “Hoiodos dnow, (Pwevs) Boivixos tov “Aynvo-

pos Kal Kacouerretas.

21.

Apollodorus,’ iii. 14. 4. 1. “Hotodos 62 avdtov

(CAdwrv) Potvixos cal AdXdeotBotas réyer.

pies

Porphyrius,? Quaest. Hom. ad Iliad. pert. p. 189.

os map Hordd@ év Tvvarcov Kataroy@ émi tis

"Aynvopos matdos Anpodonns

[Anpodoxy]| tay wrelaTos éTrixPoviov avOpaTav

LVNTTEVOY Kal TOAAG Kal ayaa OMp ovouNnvaY

ibOtwor BactrAHes, amretpécvov KaTa €1O0s.

1 Apollodorus of Athens (fl. 144 B.c.) was a pupil of Aris-

tarchus. He wrote a Handbook of Mythology, from which

the extant work bearing his name is derived.

2 Porphyry, scholar, mathematician, philosopher and _ his-

torian, lived 233- 305 (2) A.D. He was a pupil of the neo-

Platonist Plotinus.

170

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

19. ie

Zeus saw Kuropa the daughter of Phoenix gather-

ing flowers in a meadow with some nymphs and fell

in love with her. So he came down and changed

himself into a bull and breathed from his mouth

a crocus.! In this way he deceived Europa, carried

her off and crossed the sea to Crete where he had

intercourse with her. Then in this condition he

made her live with Asterion the king of the Cretans.

There she conceived and bore three sons, Minos,

Sarpedon and Rhadamanthys. The tale is in Hesiod

and Bacchylides.

20.

But according to Hesiod (Phineus) was the son of

Phoenix, Agenor’s son and Cassiopea.

PA.

But Hesiod says that he (Adonis) was the son of

Phoenix and Alphesiboea.

22.

As it is said in Hesiod in the Catalogue of Women

concerning Demodoce the daughter of Agenor :

“ Demodoce whom very many of men on earth,

mighty princes, wooed, promising splendid gifts,

because of her exceeding beauty.”

* The crocus was to attract Huropa, as in the very similar

story of Persephone: cp. Homeric Hymus ii. lines 8 ff.

CAL

HESIOD

23.

Apollodorus, iii. 5. 6. 2. “Hotodos dé déka pev

vious, déxa 6é Ouyatepas (Apdiovos cat Niofqs).

Aelian," Var. Hist. xii. 36. ‘Hotodos oe _ (Aevyer) F

EDVEA (appevas)) Kal b€Ka (Kopas), eb pa dpa OUK

éotly Hotodov Ta emn, GX WS TOANG Kal a\Aa

KATEEVTTAL AUTOV.

24,

Scholiast on Homer, Jl. xxiii. 679. Kat “Hotodos

dé dynaw év OnBats adtod (Oidimodos) amroPavor-

tos, “Apyetav tiv “Adpaatov avy adda €AOety

éml Thy Knoeiav TOD Oidtiodos.

25.

Herodian” in Etymologicum Magnum, p. 60, 40.

Einapidnv Tervdr.

26.

Argument: Pindar, Ol. xiv. Kndicos 6¢ TOT AILOS

eV Opxoper®, Oa. Kal ab Xaputes TLpovTar:

TAUTALS “EréoKX0s 0 0 Kydicov TOU TOTAaLOU TpPO-

tos €Oucev, Os dnow Hotoédos.

Schol. on Homer, Il. 11. 522.

date AtdainOerv mpoies KaXdrippoov Vdwp.

Strabo, Ix. 424,

bore Tape Ilavorja dra Drnyova T epupyny

Kat Te Ot “Epyopevov eiduypévos eioe SpaKav ws.

mal

Sohnbians on Homer, Il. vii. 9. 0 yap Tov Meve-

aOiov TaTnp ‘A pniOoos Bowwros my KQTOLK GD

"Apynv: éote 6€ attn Botwrtias, as Kat “Hotodds

pyoww:

172

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

Tee

Hesiod says that (the children of Amphion and

Niobe) were ten sons and ten daughters.

But Hesiod says they were nine boys and ten

girls ;—unless after all the verses are not Hesiod’s

but are falsely ascribed to him as are many others.

24.

And Hesiod says that when Oedipus had died at

Thebes, Argea the daughter of Adrastus came with

others to the funeral of Oedipus.

: 25.

Tityos the son of Elara.

26.

Cephisus is a river in Orchomenus where also the

Graces are worshipped. Eteoclus the son of the

river Cephisus first sacrificed to them, as Hesiod

says: “which from Lilaea spouts forth its sweet-

flowing water . . . And which flows on by Panopeus

and through Peed Glechon and through Orcho-

menus, winding like a snake.”’

27.

For the father of Menesthius, Areithoiis was a

Boeotian living at Arnae; and this is in Boeotia, as

also Hesiod says.

1 Priest at Praeneste. He lived c. 170-230 a.p.

2 Son of Apollonius Dyscolus, lived in Rome under Marcus

Aurelius. His chief work was on accentuation.

173

HESIOD

| 28.

Stephanus of Byzantium. ‘Oxxne ros: aNaos"

. KetTas O€ ev TH Adaptiov NOPa, iSpud ev dé

vo ‘Oyynotod tov BowwTov, as Pnow Hoiobos.

29.

Stephanus of Byzantium. Aiyd... éott Kal

Aiyaiov mediov ovvarrov Th Kippa, ws “Hoiodos.

30. i

Apollodorus, ii. 1. 1. 5. “Hotodos 6é€ tov Tle-

Nacyov avToyOova hyowy eivat. |

bee i

Strabo, v. p. 221. T® © 'Edop@ tov é& ‘A pkactas

elvat TO pirov TOUTO (rovs eNacyovs) mpéev

‘Hoiodos: dyat yap: |

1

ULeES éfeyévovTo Avedovos avtBéoLo

év Tote TikTe IleXacyos.

32.

Stephanus of Byzantium. Iadndavreov: TOMS

“Apkadias, amo Ila\Xavtos, évos tov AvKdovos

Tais@v, as Hoatobos.

Bee

-@MédXov évinperinv téxeto krectTH Meri Bora.

34,

Herodian, On Peculiar Diction, p. 18. map

“Howdd@ év Sdevtépw (Karadoyo)

of mpoale havnv évtoaev Exevdovr.

1 Author of a geographical lexicon, produced after

400 A.D., and abridged under Justinian.

174

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

28.

Onchestus: a grove.! It is situate in the country

of Haliartus and was founded by Onchestus the

Boeotian, as Hesiod says.

i *

29.

There is also a plain of Aega bordering on Cirrha,

according to Hesiod. |

30.

But Hesiod says that Pelasgus was autochthonous.

31.

That this tribe (the Pelasgi) were from Arcadia,

Ephorus states on the authority of Hesiod; for he

says >

«Sons were born to god-like Lycaon whom

Pelasgus once begot.”’

Pallantium. / 7s n \ n

émrua Tpaevtes autos nuEavTo T@ Aut kataraPetv

1 Of Cyme. He wrote a universal history covering the

period between the Dorian Migration and 340 B.c.

178

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

Hesiod, in the so-called Journey round the Earth,

says that Phineus was brought by the Harpies “ to

the land of milk-feeders!' who have waggons for

houses.”’

40.

“ The Aethiopians and Ligurians and mare-milk-

ing Scythians.” |

41.

As they were being pursued, one of the Harpies

fell into the river Tigres, in Peloponnesus which is

now called Harpys after her. Some call this one

Nicothoé, and others Aéllopus. The other who was

called Ocypete, or as some say Ocythoé (though

Hesiod calls her Ocypus), fled down the Propontis

and reached as far as to the Echinades islands which

are now called because of her, Strophades (Turning

Islands).

| 42.

Hesiod also says that those with Zetes* turned

and prayed to Zeus:

“There they prayed to the lord of Aenos who

reigns on high.”’

Apollonius indeed says it was Iris who made Zetes

and his following turn away, but Hesiod says Hermes.

Others say (the islands) were called Strophades,

because they turned there and prayed Zeus to seize

* 7.e. the nomad Scythians, who are described by Herodo-

tus as feeding on mares’ milk and living in caravans.

2 Zetes and Calais, sons of Boreas, who were amongst the

Argonauts, delivered Phineus from the Harpies. The Stro-

phades (‘‘ Islands of Turning”) are here supposed to have

been so called because the sons of Boreas were there turned

back by Iris from pursuing the Harpies.

179

HESIOD

,

Tas “Aptutas. xata 6¢ “Hoiodov ... ov xrei-

VOVTAL.

43, |

Philodemus,! On Piety, 10. ovd’ “Hordd@ py Tes

éyyerd, 0s ... 7 Kal TOV Katovoaior Kal TOV

Ilvypatwv uvnwovever.

44,

Strabo,i. p.43. “Hatddou 0 ov« dy Tis aitiacaLto

dyvotay “Hyixvvas dNéyovtos cal Maxpoxepadovs

Kat ILuypaious.

45, ‘

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 284.

‘Haiodos 5é€ da Padordos attovs. (trovs >Apyo-

VAUTAS) ELOTETTAEUKEVAL NEEL.

Id. iv. 259. “Hoiodos 6é... dta Tod Oxneavod

... €Neivy avtovs eis AtBinv cal Bactacaytes

Thv Apy@ eis TO nuéTEpoV TéAAYOS yevérOaL.

46.

Id. iii, 311. hyot dé "AmroAX@r0s Hordd@

émomevos émt Tov appatos tod HdXiov eis tiv

kata Tuppnviav Kepévny vicov thv Kipenv

érOeiv: “Korepiav Sé aviv eimev, émet mpos

Ova mas KelTaL.

47.

Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, Arg. iv. 892.

nKorovOnoe Hordd@ ov Tws dvoualovTs THY VCO

TOV Yeipyvav—

vncov és AvOeuceaaay, wa adict dake Kpoviwr.

ovopata 6é avTav, Oeré.orn ) Beréivon, Morr7,

"AyAaddhavos.

1 An Epicurean philosopher, fl. 50 B.c,

130

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

the Harpies. But according to Hesiod ... they

were not killed.

43.

Nor let anyone mock at Hesiod who mentions

.. or even the Troglodytes and the Pygmies.

44, |

No one would accuse Hesiod of ignorance though

he speaks of the Half-dog people and the Great-

Headed people and the Pygmies.

45, :

But Hesiod says they (the Argonauts) had sailed

in through the Phasis.

But Hesiod (says) . .. they came through the

Ocean to Libya, and so, carrying the Argo, reached

our sea.

46.

Apollonius, following Hesiod, says that Circe came

to the island over against Tyrrhenia on the chariot

of the Sun. And he called it Hesperian, because

it lies towards the west.

47.

He (Apollonius) followed Hesiod who thus names

the island of the Sirens:

“To the island Anthemoessa (Flowery) which the

son of Cronos gave them.”

And their names are Thelxiope or Thelxinoe,

Molpe and Aglaophonus.! |

* “Charming-with-her-voice ” (or ‘‘ Charming-the-mind ”),

** Song,” and ‘‘ Lovely-sounding.”’

I8t

HESIOD

Scholiast on Homer, Od. xii. 168. évtred0ev “Hoio-

dos Kat Tovs avéwous Oéryewv avTas &by.

48,

Scholiast on Homer, Od.i. 85. thy mev yap OQryv-

ylav évTos etvas pos éotrépav, THY 66 ‘OryurALav

kata Kpnrnv ‘Haoiodds byat xetoOau:

[arov|trov & “Oryvrsov 78 “Oryurinv.... . vAcov.

49,

Td. Od. vii. 54. “Hotodos 6€ aderdhav *“AXKtvoov

Thy Apytny vréxaBev.

| 50.

Schol. on Pindar, Ol. x. 46.

THY oO ‘Apapuynetons Inrmoorpatos, oF0s” ‘Apnos,

Du«téos ayAaos vids, “Emewv dpyapmos av-

Spov...

D1.

Apollodorus i. 8.4.1. ’AXOatas 6é amo0avovens

éynuev Oivevs IlepiSorav thv ‘Immovoov. tavTyv

O61 85. “Hoiodos 2» €& “OXEvov THs “AXaias,

épOapueony § v6 ‘Inmoctparou Tob ‘A papuyKéws,

“Iamovovy tov matépa meunrat ™ pos Oivéa Toppa

Ths EAAdos évta évTeEtAdpEevoy aTroKTEtVaL.

exec & "Orevinv wétpynv Totapoto Tarp dxOas

evpnos Iletpovo.

52.

Diodorus+ v. 81. Ae 5S’ 6 Maxapeds vidos peév

¢ /

Kpwarov TOD Atos, os gnaw Hatodos tee

Kkatoukov © év Onrévw THs TtoTe wev “Iddos, vov

d 'Axaias kadoupévns.

1 Diodorus Siculus, fl. 8 B.c., author of an universal history

ending with Caesar’s Gallic Wars,

182

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

Hence Hesiod said that they charmed even the —_~

winds.

48,

Hesiod says that Ogygia is within towards the

west, but Ogylia lies over against Crete: “... the

Ogylian sea and . . . the island Ogylia.”’

49.

Hesiod regarded Arete as the sister of Alcinous.

50.

Her Hippostratus (did wed), a scion of Ares, the

splendid son of Phyctes, of the line of Amarynces,

leader of the Epeians.

51.

When Althea was dead, Oeneus married Periboea,

the daughter of Hipponoiis. Hesiod says that she

was seduced by Hippostratus the son of Amarynces

and that her father Hipponotis sent her from Olenus

in Achaea to Oeneus because he was far away from

Hellas, bidding him kill her.

‘She used to dwell on the cliff of Olenus by the

banks of wide Peirus.”’

sh

Macareus was a son of Crinacus the son of Zeus as

Hesiod says... and dwelt in Olenus in the country

then called Ionian, but now Achaean.

HESIOD

D3.

Scholiast on Pindar, Nem. iii. 21. epi tov

Muppdovev “Haiodos pev o0Tw hyotv:

i) 0 UToKxvcapévyn Téxev Alaxov iT@moy app.

avTap émet p H2ns moNunpatou ixeTo péTpOV,

poovos €@v iayadre: Tatnp 8 avopov Te Oeov

TE,

doco. éoav pvpunKes eTNpatou évdobL vycou,

Tous advopas Totnoe Badulavous Te yuvatkas.

ot 61 Tot Tp@tot CevEav véas audiediooas,

TpaTto. © lati eOev vHoS TTEPA TOVTOTFOpPOLO,

D4, |

Polybius v. 2.

"Ataxtoas Trorkéum Keyxapnoras nvTE Salt,

D5,

Porphyrius, Quaest. Hom. ad Iliad. pertin. p. 93,

cuvTopws O€ TA aiaxypa dedyrwKe pyhvat ovK

eGehovon, GAN’ ovy womep ‘Hatades Ta meph Tov

IInréws nal ths “Axdatou yuvatKos Ova HAaKPOV

eme eNO wn. .

56.

Schol. on Pindar, Nem. iv. 95.

noe O€ ot Kata Oupov apiatn hatveto Bovavn,

avtov pev oyérOar, epvras 8 dddnnta bayvatpav

Kady, Hv ot Erev&e TEpikduTos "A wduyurers,

OS THY MactevwY olos KaTa I1ydLov almd

ainy uo Kevravporow dpecx@otor Sapetn.

57.

Voll. Herculan. (Papyri from Herculaneum), 2nd

Collection, viii. 105. 6 6€7a& Kvmpua tromoas”Hpa

184 |

Cr

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

D3.

Concerning the Myrmidons Hesiod speaks thus:

“ And she conceived and bare Aeacus, delighting in

horses. Now when he came to the full measure of

desired youth, he chafed at being alone. And the

father of men and gods made all the ants that were

in the lovely isle into men and wide-girdled women.

These were the first who fitted with thwarts ships

with curved sides, and the first who used sails, the

wings of a sea-going ship.”

o4,

“The sons of Aeacus who rejoiced in battle as

though a feast.”’

55,

He has indicated the shameful deed briefly by the

phrase “to lie with her against her will,’ and not

like Hesiod who recounts at length the story of

Peleus and the wife of Acastus.

56.

«“ And this seemed to him (Acastus) in his mind

the best plan ; to keep back himself, but to hide be-

yond guessing the beautiful knife which the very

famous Lame One had made for him, that in seeking

it alone over steep Pelion, he (Peleus) might be slain

‘forthwith by the mountain-bred Centaurs.

57:

The author of the Cypria says that Thetis avoided

1 The first epic in the ‘‘ Trojan Cycle”: like all ancient

epics it was ascribed to Homer, but also, with more pro-

bability, to Stasinus of Cyprus. .

185

HESIOD

yvaptCopevny (Métw) dhevyerv avtod (Ards) Tov

/ / \ b] / / / A

yayuov' Aia b€ opocas yodkwbévta dwote OvnT@

ouvotkioe. Kai Tap “Hovdd@ Oé Ketras TO Tapa-

TAHTLOV. |

58.

Strassburg Greek Papyri 55 (2nd cent. A.D.).

Doinv éEtxeto, untépa wnrw7,

\ / cers) 4 b) b) / b) an

Toa K| THAT aywv €E evpvxopov LlawXdKod

[Inrevs] Ataxidns, ditos aBavato.ot Oeotouw,

Aaotaw| dé iSodow ayateto Ousos amracw,

ef / b) 2 3/ 4 ote EE! /

as Te TO|ALY aAXaTAEEY EVKTLTOV OS T ETEMET TEV

iwepoevTa ya|uov' Kal TOUT émos eimav aravTes:

Tpis uaxap Alaxidn cal retpakis, OXBre Inred,

© a Needy us 3 Vi 3 VA \

@ T adoxov TrOAV|Ompov ‘OdvpTLos evpvotra Levs

anwacev nde yauov p|axapes Geol éEeTéeXNeooar,

Os Toto év peydpols Ltepov AEKXOS eicavafatvers 1

Nypeidsos: para 64 ce taltnp troince Kpoviov

ov Pd inate, / > + ’ /

eEovov npewv Tept| T ad\AwV atdynoTawy

TunevT avdpav, YOove|s 6[aaoe Kap |rov édovaw.

po.

Origen, Against Celsus, iv. 79.

\ \ ELS: a oY 4 \ \ f

Evvai yap Tote Oattes éoav, Evvol dé PowKor

aBavatovct Oeotot katabvntois T avOpwrrois.

60.

Scholiast on Homer Il. xvi. 175... . Hosodou nat

tov adrrov LloAvdepny adrynv (thy Ovyatépa Tov

IInXéws) carovvTwv.

61.

Eustathius,? Hom. 112. 44 sq. totéov dé OTe Tov

1 Tzetzes: eicavaBalywyv, Strassburg papyrus.

2 Archbishop of Thessalonica 1175-1192 (?) A.p., author of

commentaries on Pindar and on the Jlzad and Odyssey.

186

10

sre

eT ars

-CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

wedlock with Zeus to please Hera; but that Zeus _

was angry and swore that she should mate with a

mortal. Hesiod also has the like account.

58.

« Peleus the son of Aeacus, dear to the deathless

gods, came to Phthia the mother of flocks, bringing

great possessions from spacious Iolcus. And all the

people envied him in their hearts seeing how he had

sacked the well-built city, and accomplished his

joyous marriage; and they all spake this word:

‘Thrice, yea, four times blessed son of Aeacus, happy

Peleus! For far-seeing Olympian Zeus has given

you a wife with many gifts and the blessed gods

have brought your marriage fully to pass, and in

these halls you go up to the holy bed of a daughter

of Nereus. ‘Truly the father, the son of Cronos,

made you very pre-eminent among heroes and

honoured above other men who eat bread and con-

2 2

- sume the fruit of the ground.’”’ .

ee

“For in common then were the banquets, and

in common the seats of deathless gods and mortal

29

men.

60.

... whereas Hesiod and the rest call her (Peleus’

daughter) Polydora.

61.

It should be observed that the ancient narrative

1 This fragment is placed by Spohn after Works and Days

120, 2

187

HESIOD

Tar poxhov ) TANALA ioropta Kat ouyyevy TO

‘AX UAAE! Tapacidoct Néyouca, ore ‘Hotodos pyr

Mevoiruov, TOV Ilatpoxrov marepa, IInréws eivar

abEeXp ov, @s civat avTaVEpious OUTMS apoTEpouS

GNAHAOLS.

62.

Scholiast on Pindar, Ol. x. 83. Tuves ypadovat

>Hpos AAP petioy ov pwéeuvntat Haotodos—

7) TOLO bev SHpov Kal “Ard kvyov, viéas éoOXovs.

iy dé 0 Xijpos Tob ‘AXppoOiov Tod Iepunpous Kat

"AXkvorns.

/') GBs

Pausanias' ii. 26.7. ottos 0 xpnopos Snot

partota ove dvta AckAnmiov ‘Apowons, ara

“Hctosdov, 4} TOV Tiva éutreTroLnKoToD ets Ta Hoto-

dov, Ta ern ovvOévra eis THY Meconviwy yapw.

Scholiast on Pindar, Pyth. iti, 14. ol pev

"Apowons, ot bé Kopevédos pacly avTOV Eval.

‘AoKkhymedons dé pyc TY ‘Apowony Aevkimov

civat Tod Mepinpous, hs cat AmodX@vos “Aokdn-

mos Kat Ouyatnp ’Epiames:

& érex év peydpors “Ackdnriov, opxaov

avopav,

Doi Bo vrrodunbeica, evrrroKamov T “Kpi@ev.

kal tT Apowvons omoias.

"Apowvon oé puyetoa Avds cal Antoos vid

Tixt AoKANTLOV VidV auvmOVa TE KPATEPOY Te.

1 A Greek of Asia Minor, author of the Description of

Greece (on which he was still engaged in 173 A.D.).

2 Wilamowitz thinks one or other of these citations belongs

to the Catalogue,

188

2

2

ae we

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

hands down the account that Patroclus was even a ~

kinsman of Achilles ; for Hesiod says that Menoetius

the father of Patroclus, was a brother of Peleus, so

that in that case they were first cousins.

62.

Some write “Serus the son of Halirrhothius,”’

whom Hesiod mentions: “He (begot) Serus and

Alazygus, goodly sons.” And Serus was the son

of Halirrhothius Perieres’ son, and of Alcyone.

63.

This oracle most clearly proves that Asclepius was

not the son of Arsinoé, but that Hesiod or one of

Hesiod’s interpolators composed the verses to please

the Messenians.

Some say (Asclepius) was the son of Arsinoé,

others of Coronis. But Asclepiades says that

Arsinoé was the daughter of Leucippus, Perieres’

son, and that to her and Apollo Asclepius and a

daughter, Eriopis, were born : :

“ And she bare in the palace Asclepius, leader of

men, and Eriopis with the lovely hair, being subject

in love to Phoebus ”’

And of Arsinoé likewise :

“And Arsinoé was joined with the son of Zeus

and Leto and bare a son Asclepius, blameless and

strong.”

189

HESIOD :

64.

Scholiast on Hesiod, Theogony, 142. mas yap

Tovs autovs (Kvx«rwrras) Geois évaduyxtous Neyer

kal év to tov AevKermidav Kataroy@ vo

"AmoAX@vos avnphalar Trovet;

65.

Scholiast on Pindar, Ol. xi. 79.

Tipavdpnv "Exyewos Oarepiy tromoat aKovTw.

66.

Scholiast on Pindar, Nem. x. 150. o péev Haiodos

apupotépous (Kdotopa kai Ucrvdevnn) Aros eivar

yeveanroyel.

Ib. 0 evrot ‘Hotodos OUTE Anoas OUTE

Nepecews didaae THY ‘Enevny, GNAa OuyaTtpos

"Oxeavod Kat Atos.

67.

Scholiast on Euripides, Orestes 249. XTyoixyopos

dynow, ws Ovwv toils Oeots Tuvdapews ‘Ad poditns

émehadero, dvd opyvo Oeioay THv Oeov Ouyapous TE

Kau Tpuydmous Kab dev avdpous avtov Tas Ouya-

Tépas Tovjoat... Kat Hoiodos oé-

Thow oe rrouperdis ‘Ag podirn

nyao On mpoobodoa, Kah 6é oh éuBare pbnun.

Teudvopn pev erect "Eyemov 7 éBe-

Byxet,

iKeTO & és Durja, hirov paKapEer at Ocotow:

as d€ KAutarpvjotpyn tporitrova’ ‘Ayapépuvova

Otov : 5

AivicO@ TapérexTo Kal etheTo yYelpoy aKOLTHV"

¢ 6 ‘EAévn noxuve NEKOS Labo Meveddouv.

190

V5 RY CE Sa OT

eae ae, ae

‘

oy

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

64.

For how does he say that the same persons (the

Cyclopes) were like the gods, and yet represent them

as being destroyed by Apollo in the Catalogue of

the Daughters of Leucippus ?

65.

“ KRehemus made Timandra his buxom wife.”’

66.

Hesiod in giving their descent makes them (Castor

and Polydeuces) both sons of Zeus.

Hesiod, however, makes Helen the child neither

of Leda nor Nemesis, but of a daughter of Ocean

and Zeus.

67.

Stesichorus says that while sacrificing to the gods

Tyndareus forgot Aphrodite and that the goddess

was angry and made his daughters twice and thrice

wed and deserters of their husbands. ... . And

Hesiod also says:

« And laughter-loving Aphrodite felt jealous when

she looked on them and cast them into evil report.

Then Timandra deserted Echemus and went and

came to Phyleus, dear to the deathless gods; and

even so Clytaemnestra deserted god-like Agamemnon

and lay with Aegisthus and chose a worse mate;

and even so Helen dishonoured the couch of golden-

haired Meneiaus.”’

1Q1

HESIOD

68.

Mvaro Didowry |rys ayos avdpov [aixu|ntawy

lns, wavtev apedel[ixet los avdpov

rokdteoBau Exlas Te Kab éyyei o&| voe lye.

BH & és Tuvdapélov Avrraphy wort v €livexa Kovpns |

"Apryeins i) ef]oos Eyer ypucéns ’Ad| podi|rns 5

Thv oO... €Texely Xapitov apyap|vypular’ éyovcay |

Znvos év ayxoivys cai] Tuvdapem BaclirH]|os

py Octo’ év Naprr|potae Somots [Kovpyn| KvavaTis |

‘Oxeavod Ovyatnp| méy’ él[ajpatov eidos Eyouca

FA A i i ac AE SSC i Bie

! 10

‘k a x x |

TocaavTas O€ yuvatKkas autvpova épya tovlas

Tacas Ypuceias hidras ev Yepoly éyovoas.

cal vb xe 8) Kdotwp te kab 0 Kpatepos Iondv-

SevKNS F |

yapSpov moujcavto Kata Kpatos: GAN Ayayé-

Lvov :

yapBpos éwv éuvato cacryynto Meverdg. 15

Tio & ’Apdiapdov 'Orxreidao dvaktos

-€&|"Ap[yleos éuvdyvto pal éy|yv0ev: adrAN dpa

Kal TOUS

Brave Oedv [aidws paxdpwv véluecis 7 alv-

Opera

Py a x * ”

aXN ovK Hv atratys épyov rapa Tuvdapionow. 20

1Q2

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

68.1

« ... Philoctetes sought her, a leader of spear-

men, ... , most famous of all men at shooting

from afar and with the sharp spear. And he came

to Tyndareus’ bright city for the sake of the Argive

maid who had the beauty of golden Aphrodite, and

the sparkling eyes of the Graces; and the dark-

faced daughter of Ocean, very lovely of form, bare

her when she had shared the embraces of Zeus and

the king Tyndareus in the bright palace ......

(And... . sought her to wife offering as gifts)

ahd as many woman skilled in blameless arts,

each holding a golden bowl in her hands. And

truly Castor and strong Polydeuces would have made

him ? their brother perforce, but Agamemnon, being

son-in-law to Tyndareus, wooed her for his brother

Menelaus.

And the two sons of Amphiaraus the lord, Oecleus’

son, sought her to wife from Argos very near at hand ;

yet ... fear of the blessed gods and the indig-

nation of men caused them also to fail.

*K *k “ x

but there was no deceitful dealing in the sons of

Tyndareus.

+ Lines 1-51 are from Berlin Papyri, 9739; lines 52-106

with B. 1-50 (and following fragments) are from Berlin Papyri

10560. A reference by Pausanias (ili. 24. 10) to Il. 100 ff.

proves that the two fragments together come from the

Catalogue of Women. The second book (the beginning of’

which is indicated after 1. 106) can hardly be the second

book of the Catalogue proper : possibly it should be assigned

to the ‘Hoto:, which were sometimes treated as part of the

Catalogue, and sometimes separated from it.

The remains of the thirty-seven lines following B. 50 in

the Papyrus are too slight to admit of restoration.

2 sc. the Suitor whose name is lost.

LOS

HESIOD

"Ex 0 'lOaxns éuvato ‘Odvacjos tepn is,

VLOS Aaéptao TOUKPOTA pended elds. 7

dpa pev ov TOT eT EMT Tavuapupou elveKa KOUpNS*

70ee yap Kara Oupov 6 67 EavOos Mevédaos

viknoer KTHVvEL yap Ayatov héptatos ev:

ayyerinv & atel Naxedatmovade Tmpoiadre

Kaol[tlop[. 0 ctlarodduw cat aeOdopop@ Worv-

EUKEL. |

prato Of eS ee ee a

pele 62" Vue (awe a. a e \|

SF ase uiah side Tatcee ater, emma Polelpages 30 |

x ” of 2

Kao rope Oo im mood we kat aeOr0pdpo ee Aoe

ipetpov ‘EiXévns moots Eupevat HUKO{LOLO 2

El00S OVTL LOWY, ANN addov pv ov dodo.

‘Ee Purdkns 8 éeuvavto du, avépes ad |

aplo-rol,

vids ‘A ‘Iptxdovo Tloddpens PurXaxioao, 35 7]

NUS T " Axroptdns t VITEpHVOp IIporecinaos: :

apdw o ayyerinv Aaxedatpovdde 1 potadXov

Tuvdapéov mort lt da datdpovos OiBaridao

ToANa © éedvia diOov], wéya yap KAéos [éoxe yu]-

VALKOS,

YANK | 40

Xpule |

NO

Or

* x * *

“Apyetns “Enevns TOT US ep peval NUKO[LOLO.

"Ex & ap AOnvéwv pvad’ vidos Ulete@o Meve-

abevs,

Toda © éedva Sidou: Ketunrtta yap wada OANA

194

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

And from Ithaca the sacred might of Odysseus,

Laértes’ son, who knew many-fashioned wiles, sought

her to wife. He never sent gifts for the sake of the

neat-ankled maid, for he knew in his heart that

golden-haired Menelaus would win, since he was

greatest of the Achaeans in possessions and was ever

sending messages! to horse-taming Castor and prize-

winning Polydeuces.

And ...on’s son sought her to wife (and

brought) . . . bridal-gifts ... . cauldrons .

to horse-taming Castor and prize-winning Polydeuces,

desiring to be the husband of rich-haired Heten,

though he had never seen her beauty, but because he

heard the report of others.

And from Phylace two men of exceeding worth

sought her to wife, Podarces son of Iphiclus, Phylacus’

son, and Actor's noble son, overbearing Protesilaus.

Both of them kept sending messages to Lacedaemon,

to the house of wise Tyndareus, Oebalus’ son, and —

they offered many bridal-gifts, for great was the girl’s

renown, brazen... golden... |

| ** of eee of

(desiring) to be the husband of rich-haired Helen.

From Athens the son of Petedus, Menestheus,

sought her to wife, and offered many bridal-gifts ;

for he possessed very many stored treasures, gold and

1 Wooing was by proxy; so Agamemnon wooed Helen for

his brother Menelaus (ll. 14-15), and Idomeneus, who came

in person and sent no deputy, is specially mentioned as an

exception, and the reason for this—if the restoration printed

in the text be right—is stated (ll. 69 ff.).

195

o 2

HESIOD

v / J f /

éxTNTO, Kpvaov Te NEBNTaS Tle TpiTrOOAas TE, 45

/ / SINS 4 an / n 4

Kana, Ta p evdobe KevOe Somos |IleTeW@o AvaxTos

ois pulv Oupos avyKev éedvaclacbat aKoTev

an / 9 b) \ A > If /

WreloTa TopovT* eet o|v| Tw éédXmre| TO hEepTEpov

clvat

/ € f / / /

TavTw|VY HpoOwy KTHVETC! TE Ow|TiVaLS TE.

"Ixeto 6° Ot8a]rArddo! douovs xpatepos | Av«Ko-

HONS 50

vnuvoty é€x Kpnrys “Enévn|s ever’ nul xopoco.

x * ” *

x # * x

pvato: retoTta é d@pa peta EavOov MevérXaov

pvnetnpwy édtoov: wdra & AOede Ov Kata Ovo

"A pryeins EXévns moots Eppevats NuKopoLo.

Aias & é« Lanapivos apwopmntos TodepLeTns 55

pvaro Sidou & dp éedva [ou |xora, Javpara Epya’

ov Yap eXoV Tporgnva Kat dryxiahov ‘Emridaupov

vijo ov T, Aiywav Maonra TE Kovpol Axasdy

Kat Méyapa OKLOEVTA Kal oppuoerta KopwGop P|

‘Eppcovny "A civny TE mapee ANA VALETAWCAS, 60 |

TOV epar ethimroods Te Boas Kal idea pnra |

TUvEAdoas Ow@oely, € EKEKATTO yap eyxel Makp@.

Avrap am’ EvBoins ’EXedjveap, ¢ OpxXapos avopov,

Xah«wdovridons, peyaltpav ap|yos ARavtwv

[Lvato* Thetora dé da@pa didov: wdra Oo [7Oere

dupe 65

"A pryetys “Brevns TOOLS eupevale 9 MUKO}OLO.

"Ex Kpyrns & éuvato péya c0évols 1 |dopu| evfos,

Aevearions Mivwos ayaxnettoto y[ev |é[Orn,

ovoeé Twa bynor ipa peeTaryyeXov aXX| ov emreurpev,

GAN AUTOS TOV VHL TOAVKANLOL pedatvy 70

1 |veidao, Berlin Papyrus.

196

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

~~ eauldrons and tripods, fine things which lay hid in --———

the house of the lord Petedus, and with them his

heart urged him to win his bride by giving more

gifts than any other; for he thought that no one

of all the heroes would surpass him in possessions and

gifts.

There came also by ship from Crete tothe house of

the son of Oebalus strong Lycomedes for rich-haired

Helen’s sake. ok ** **

o* + ok of

' sought her to wife. And after golden-haired Menelaus

he offered the greatest gifts of all the suitors, and

very much he desired in his heart to be the husband

of Argive Helen with the rich hair.

And from Salamis Aias, blameless warrior, sought

her to wife, and offered fitting gifts, even wonderful

deeds; for he said that he would drive together and

give the shambling oxen and strong sheep of all

those who lived in Troezen and Epidaurus near the

sea, and in the island of Aegina and in Mases, sons of

the Achaeans, and shadowy Megara and frowning

Corinthus, and Hermione and Asine which lie along

the sea: for he was famous with the long spear.

But from Euboea Elephenor, leader of men, the

son of Chalcodon, prince of the bold Abantes, sought

her to wife. And he offered very many gifts, and

greatly he desired in his heart to be the husband of

rich-haired Helen.

And from Crete the mighty Idomeveus sought her

to wife, Deucalion’s son, ofispring of renowned Minos.

He sent no one to woo her in his place, but came

himself in his black ship of many thwarts over the

LO

HESIOD ATA |

BA vTép Oryvdrtov tovtTovu bia Koda KedXat| VO

Tuvoapéou TOTL O@ La Said poves, oppa [doer

A |p| yetnv] ‘EXévyy, Be addog * ot Kat al youro

Koupny; py K|Aéa Tacav émi , xPova dtav tkavev. |

“Igeto & évyjecin Znvos pwéya [pndopévoro v6) |

(Thirteen lines lost.) |

Tuvddpeos 6€ ava€, drrocot| x[ tov] efvexa Kkovpys,

y 9 9 / e \ ed gf) ¢/ an ¢c A

ovT amréTrepurpev Ex@v| out [at0’]| ere [Sapo |v éExa-

[oTov: 90

ff \ a b) / 4 \

mavtTas oé pynoTHpas amynteev OpK[ta TitTAa

P) VA 4 2) apt S, \ b iA > A

opyopeval T éxehevoe Kab [axpn|re@ alpadjacGar

oTOvOH, py Ti eT adXAov avev EOev Adra T| ever Oar

aud yao xovpns ev[w|rlévou: 6|s dé Kev avdpav

b) NY v4 / VA / Je aie | na \ INA

avTos Edo.To Bin pewerty T aToVetTo Kat alow, = 95

TOV pera TavTas divaryev aodreas opunOjva

; TOLD TL O[LEVOUS. Tol & aM TEPEDS émiPovrto

ENT OfLEVOL TeNéeLy TravTes yapov' AA al wa TavTas

“Atpetons [vixnoe |p apnipiros Mevédaos f |

TAELTTA Top@y: Xetpwv 6 évi Inri@ brAnevte —«2100_

Tn ActOny exopete TO0aS Taxuv e€€oVvov avdpav, 1

maid € T €ovT* Ov yap Kev apniptros Mevédaos

VURNo oie TUS ANOS emx Goviov av0 porov |

pvnG TEVOY Enevny, eb py Kixe mrapGévov ove av if

oiKkace vooTnaas é IIndtou @KUS AXUAAEUS. 105

GAN apa thy Tpiv y érxev apnidtros Mevénaos.

B

H. réxev “Eppcovny cardia pupov éy pmeyapotowy

eNTTOV. TAVTES O€ Jeot bina Ovmov eevro

é& Epudos: O17 yap ToTe wHdeTO OéoKena epya

f

1 adAos oiov ax. .... Papyrus.

198

‘CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

Ogylian sea across the dark wave to the home of .—

wise Tyndareus, to see Argive Helen and that no

one else should bring back for him the girl wnose

renown spread all over the holy earth.

And at the prompting of Zeus the all-wise came.

# * * **

But of all who came for the maid’s sake, the lord

Tyndareus sent none away, nor yet received the gift

of any, but asked of all the suitors sure oaths, and bade

them swear and vow with unmixed libations that no

~ one else henceforth should do aught apart from him as

touching the marriage of the maid with shapely arms ;

butif any man should cast off fear and reverence and

take her by force, he bade all the others together

follow after and make him pay the penalty. And

they, each of them hoping to accomplish his marriage,

obeyed him without wavering. But warlike Mene-

laus, the son of Atreus, prevailed against them all

together, because he gave the greatest gifts.

But Chiron was tending the son of Peleus, swift-

footed Achilles, pre-eminent among men, on woody

Pelion ; for he was still a boy. For neither warlike

Menelaus nor any other of men on earth would have

prevailed in suit tor Helen, if fleet Achilles had

found her unwed. But, as it was, warlike Menelaus

won her before.

)

If.

And she (Helen) bare neat-ankled Hermione in

the palace, a child unlooked for.

Now all the gods were divided through strife; for

1 The Papyrus here marks the beginning of a second book,

possibly of the Hoiae. The passage (ll. 2-50) probably led

up to an account of the Trojan (and Theban ?) war, in which,

Sr ie

HESIOD

Levs vYyiBpenerns, peta Kar’ aTreipova yatav

TupBactas, On 6€ yévos pepom cov avO pore

TOANOY ALTTHCAL omedoe, Tpopacw pev ONeoo aL

ruxas nptléel| v iva pea devr lotoe Bporoicw

TEKVA Gedy peel yen, pLopov of |Oarpoiorw o opavTa,

ANN’ ob pmev paKapes [Kal és VoTEpo|v ws TO Tapos

ep

yopls am avOpwrear [Biotov Kall 70€ éxwou.

tots S€] par [a0alvat[wv te Kai éx| Ovnrav

avO pwTrav

f >) / 4 \ / 3 +

[yeevapevors erréOnKe Trovov Te K |al Adyos ET AXEL

Levis chaos din dine ont loose ee eae aie

(Two lines missing.)

EAI I ES AEE AS ee ae a

HRS OPER AAS ae pines pedawvaav Trl Bain

- 1 + we epoiv te Blinds te héptatos eivas

RD er eee al verte Karabynt av abpeomov

doca T env 60a T élaoTtl Kal omwmoca pédreEL

éceaOat

Tact Oepua trevor jpey la pnder at Ads yEpatpes

Bovras TAaTpos €oto |, Avos vepermyepeTao:

ov yap TLs oaha noe | OTTL ppdccacbar éweArA€EV

ovTe 0 leap paxapov ouTE Oontov avO pwr ov

Tap |oAras Alby KEPaas aro VAAK®@ barre

avopav 7 poor évt OnLoTATe TEC OVTOD.

AND ovmrm TOTE TAT POs émna Ob dveTo pevos opund,

ola TE Kap aNEELVOVTES operépowo TEKETOL

TépTovT avOpwTot mpatriowy [0] éreTépTreT Epw7

Tatpos éptabevéos peyan avopact wnooévoro.

TloArxa 8 a6 BroOpav Sé&rdpav apvovTa

yapwace

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

at that very time Zeus who thunders on high was .— —

meditating marvellous deeds, even to mingle storm

and tempest over the boundless earth, and already

he was hastening to make an utter end of the

race of mortal men, declaring that he would

destroy the lives of the demi-gods, that the children

of the gods should not mate with wretched mortals,

seeing their fate with their own eyes; but that the

blessed gods henceforth even as aforetime should have

their living and their habitations apart from men.

But on those who were born of immortals and of man-

kind verily Zeus laid toil and sorrow upon sorrow.

Be NP * of 2K

nor any one of men... should go upon black

ships... to be strongest in the might of his

hands . .. of mortal men declaring to. all those

things that were, and those that are, and those that

shall be, he brings to pass and glorifies the counsels

of his father Zeus who drives the clouds. For no

one, either of the blessed gods or of mortal men,

knew surely that he would contrive through the

sword to send to Hades full many a one of heroes

fallen in strife. But at that time he knew not as

yet the intent of his father’s mind, and how men

delight in protecting their children from doom. And

he delighted in the desire of his mighty father’s heart

who rules powerfully over men.

From stately trees the fair leaves fell in abun-

according to Works and Days 161-166, the Race of Heroes

perished. The opening of the Cypria is somewhat similar.

Somewhere in the fragmentary lines 13-19 a son of Zeus—

almost certainly Apollo—was introduced, though for what

purpose is not clear. With 1. 31 the destruction of man (cp.

ll. 4-5) by storms which spoil his crops begins: the remain-

ing verses are parenthetical, describing the snake ‘‘ which

bears its young in the spring season.”

201

HESIOD

XEvEeTO KANG TETHNAQ, peeoke dé Ka pT Os épate

avetovtos Bopéao mepilapeves Atos alton

éCecKev O€ Jadacca, TpOpeer ke 6€ TaVT aro ToI0,

T puter Kev d€ [evos B oTeoD, puvvdecke dé KapTros 35

Opy év elapivi, OTE T aT pUXos ovpert TLE TEL

yains év KevO wave TpiT@ érel T pla TEKVA.

éapo|s . pev KaT 6pos Kal ava Spupa TuKVa Kal

UNV

vood.ly adtuckdlov Kat atrexOaipov matov avopav

dyKkea Kal KYnmovs KaTalvaieras UANéVTAS? 40

XELLOvOS & eTLOVTOS vo [yOovt tuKv@ év avTpp

KELTAL TOAN EM LETT A [MEVOS el prOnhéa. (2) purra,

SELVOS OPiS KATA VATA dal pouvos oT iy ao Ly atvots.

anna puv UBpioTHv TE Kal [aypLov, ov TL haTetor,

Ka Atos Cape: D7;| sree Se 45°

yux x1) TOD Y oin KaTaNeiTe| TAL ev eae 2.

7 Oo aud’ avToxuTov arapl nv TpiCovea ToTaTal

jyBavy ért 0 ipa Kata YO[ovos evpvodetns

ciow aduavpwletca Tob] !

KelTaL O€ 50

(Traces of 37 following lines.) |

69.

Tzetzes,| Exeg. Iliad. 68. 19H. o Ayapéuvor,

opolers dé Kal Mevedaos Kal’ “Hoiodov Kai “Ac

oyvAov [rcto Pévous viod Atpéws matdes Yop

Sovrae .. = KaTa Oe NoLpooavam ‘Ar péos KaL

“Aepomns TDrevo Pevngs. TiXeia beauties dé Kal Kreon-

Nas THs Atavtos *Ayapuéuvwv, Mevéraos kat

"Avaki Bia.

1 ¢. 1110-1180 a.p. His chief work was a poem, Chiliades,

in accentual verse of nearly 13,000 lines,

202 .

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

dance fluttering down to the ground, and the fruit-.—

fell to the ground because Boreas blew very fiercely

at the behest of Zeus; the deep seethed and all

things trembled at his blast: the strength of

mankind consumed away and the fruit failed in

the season of spring, at that time when the Hairless

One! in a secret place in the mountains gets three

young every three years. In spring he dwells upon

the mountain among tangled thickets and brushwood,

keeping afar from and hating the path of men, in

the glens and wooded glades. But when. winter

comes on, he lies in a close cave beneath the earth

and covers himself with piles of luxuriant leaves,

a dread serpent whose back is speckled with awful

spots. .

But when he becomes violent and _ fierce

unspeakably, the arrows of Zeus lay him low. . . .

Only his soul is left on the holy earth, and that

flits gibbering about a small unformed den. And

it comes enfeebled to sacrifices beneath the broad-

Pavmecrearth \ 0. and it lies)... 10"

69.

Agamemnon and Menelaus likewise according to

Hesiod. and Aeschylus are regarded as the sons of

Pleisthenes, Atreus’ son. And according to Hesiod,

Pleisthenes was a son of Atreus and Aérope, and

Agamemnon, Menelaus and Anaxibia were the

children of Pleisthenes and Cleolla the daughter of

Dias.

17.e. the snake; asin Works and Days 524, the ‘‘ Boneless

One” is the cuttle-fish,

203

HESIOD

70.

Laurentian Scholiast on Sophocles’ Electra 539.

» Téxe? “Eppsovny dovpixret® Meverda:

omTAoTaTov 6 érexev Nixdatpatov Cav “Apyos.

71.

e ° 5 ¢ ‘4

Pausanias, i. 43.1. oida 6€ “Hoiodov moimoavra

/ la) / lal

ev Katanroye yuvaixav Idiyéverav ovK atro0aveip,

yvopn 5€ Aptéuoos “Exdrnp eivas.

(lore

Hustathius, Hom, 13. 4%) sq; mY dé, dact, Bovtys

DLOS Tse Sion. as “Hoiodos év Kataddyo.

TD.

Pausanias, ii. 6.5. . . . Hotodos ... émotnoenv

as Epexdéws ein Yexvev.

74,

Plato, Minos, p. 320. dD.

0s BacirevTaTos éoKxe KaTAOYHToV Baciinov

/ /

Kal TAELoTOV HvagcE TEPLKTLCLOV avOpaTraY

A an \ i /

Znvos EXOV TKHTTpPOV: TO Kat TOAEWY Bacinrevev.

75.

Hesychius," er Evpuyuy ayov. Mernoayopas

TOV “Avdporyeor Edpuyuny eiphobat dnote Tov

Mivwos, ep @ TOV ayava Ti06q bau emeTapLov

"AOnvnow év TO Kepapecx@. kat Hotodos:

Etpuyins & éte Kodpos AOnvawy tepaar.

1 Of Alexandria. He lived in the 5th century, and com-

piled a Greek Lexicon.

204

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOTAE

+0.

«“ And she (Helen) bare to Menelaus, famous with

the spear, Hermione and her youngest-born, Nico-

stratus, a scion of Ares.”

71. | |

I know that Hesiod in the Catalogue of Women

represented that Iphigeneia was not killed but, by

the will of Artemis, became Hecate.!

72.

Butes, it is said, was a son ot Poseidon: so Hesiod

in the Catalogue. |

Ve.

Hesiod represented Sicyon as the son of Erech-

theus.

74,

(Minos) who was most kingly of mortal kings

and reigned over very many people dwelling round

about, holding the sceptre of Zeus wherewith he ruled

many.”

75.

The athletic contest in memory of Eurygyes.

Melesagoras says that Androgeos the son of Minos

was called Kurygyes, and that a contest in his honour

is held near his tomb at Athens in the Ceramicus.

And Hesiod writes:

“And Eurygyes,* while yet a lad in holy

AES...

1 According to this account Iphigeneia was carried by

Artemis to the Tauric Chersonnese (the Crimea). The Tauri

(Herodotus iv. 103) identified their maiden-goddess with

Iphigeneia; but Euripides (Iph. in Tauris) makes her

merely priestess of the goddess.

2 For his murder Minos exacted a yearly tribute of boys and

girls, to be devoured by the Minotaur, from the Athenians.

205

HESIOD

76.

Plutarch, Theseus 20. odXdol 6& Oyo...

mept TAS ‘A peddvns .. . atrorerbOjvat de Tov

dEeLvos yap py eTetpev €pos Ilavornisos fee

TOUTO yap TO érros éx Tov Hovddov Metctatpatov

éFeretvy dyno ‘Hpéas 0 Meyapets.

Athenaeus,’ xiii. 557 a. ‘Hotodos é dyow Kab

"Torrnyv cat AiyAny (Tov Oncéa vopipos yqpat).

Ve

Strabo, ix. p. 393. Kuxpetdns odus' Ov now

‘Hoiodos tpadévta vo Kuypéws éFenaPjvar vo

"EKupvroyou Avpatvopevoy THY ViCOV, UTObEEAT Bat

d€ avtov thy Anuntpa eis EXevotva cal yevéo Gar

TAUTNS ApwpiTrorov.

78.

Argument I. to the Shield of Heracles. ‘Atod-

Aw@voos Sé 0 ‘Pddsos... dynaly avTod (Harodov)

eivas &Kx TE TOD XapaKrijpos Kal eK TOD maw TOV

Toraov év té Katadoyo evpicxeuv nuLoxoovTa

“Hpaknet.

79)

Schol. on Soph. Trach. 266.

7 Oo bmoxucapevn KardiCa@vos LrparoviKnn

AB tht ov 8 ey pmeyapotow éyeivato pidratov viov"

Tov O viels éyévovto Atoatwy te KXutios Te

Tofevs T avTiOeos te’ Igeros, 6f0s’ ‘Apnos” |

Tous 6€ we om hor aTny téxeto EavOnv lonevav

"Avtiomn Kpetovoa tadatod NavBonrioao.

1 Of Naucratis. His Dezpnosophistae (‘‘ Dons at Dinner”)

is an encyclopedia of miscellaneous topics in the form of a

dialogue. His date is c. 230 A.D.

206

5

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

76.

There are many tales... about Ariadne ..., how

that she was deserted by Theseus for love of another

woman : |

“For strong love for Aegle the daughter of

Panopeus overpowered him.”’

For Hereas of Megara says that Peisistratus re-

moved this verse from the works of Hesiod.

But Hesiod says that Theseus Relaed both Hippe

_ and Aegle aaah

77.

The snake of Cychreus: Hesiod says that it was

brought up by Cychreus, and was driven out by

Kurylochus as defiling the island, but that Demeter

received it into Hleusis, and that it became her

attendant.

78.

But Apollonius of Rhodes says that it (the Shield

of Heracles) is Hesiod’s both from the general

character of the work and from the fact that in the

Catalogue we again find Iolaus as charioteer of

Heracles.

79:

“ And fair-girdled Stratonica conceived and bare

in the palace Eurytus her well-loved son. Of him

sprang sons, Didaeon and Clytius and god-like

Toxeus and Iphitus, a scion of Ares. And after

these Antiope the queen, daughter of the aged

son of Naubolus, bare her youngest child, golden-

haired lolea.”’

207

HESIOD

80.

Herodvan.

r 9 / ! / \

» Téxevy AutodXvKeov te PiNapmova Te KAVTOY AVOHY

Etymologicum Magnum. 7

c/ \ / uh , /

éTTL Ke YEepol AdBeckev, aeloeXa TavTa TiDEcKeD.

81.

Apollonius, Hom. Lexicon.

Aimvutos at téxeto TAnonvopa IepiOoor re.

82.

Strabo vii. p. 322.

7 tor yap Aoxpos AeXéyor nynoato Nawr,

TOUS pa tote Kpovidns Zeds abOuta pijdea eidws

NEKTOUS ex yains Adas! Tope Aeveariov.

éx 5€ UOwy éyévovto BpoTtot Naol dé KaNEdVTO.

83.

Tzetzes, Schol. in Hueg. Iliad. 126.

‘Trea, TOV p epthyce aag Atos vios “ATo\Nor"

Kal ot TOUT OVvO-NVY ovope c/puevat, ovvEeKa vupny

ev popevos ihewy pixOn € épaTn prrornte

NATL TO Ore TELYOS evdpurjroLo 7 OANOS

ibnrov totnoe Loceddwv cat Aro ov.

84,

Scholiast on Homer, Od. xi. 326. Krupern Muvvov

tov Loceda@vos Kat ‘Eupvavacons THs ‘Trrép-.

pavros yaunleica PuraK@ TO Aniovos ’ ‘Agixrdov

TIKTEL TOOWKN TALOA. TOUTOV Aéyerae 61a THY TOV

1 Heyne: aaéas, Villebrun: adAéovs, Strabo. Line 4

(quoted by Scholiast on Pindar, Ol. ix. 68) was added by

Bergk to Strabo’s citation.

208

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

80.

“Who bare Autolycus and Philammon, famous in

speech... All things that he (Autolycus) took

in his hands, he made to disappear.”

81.

« Aepytus again, begot Tlesenor and Peirithéus.”’

82.

“For Locrus truly was leader of the Lelegian

people, whom Zeus the Son of Cronos, whose wis-

dom is unfailing, gave to Deucalion, stones gathered

out of the earth. So out of stones mortal men

were made, and they were called people.” !

83.

« ... Ileus whom the lord Apollo, son of

Zeus, loved. And he named him by this name,

because he found a nymph complaisant? and was.

joined with her in sweet love, on that day when

Poseidon and Apollo raised high the wall of the

well-built city.”

84, .

Clymene the daughter of Minyas the son of

Poseidon and of Kuryanassa, Hyperphas’ daughter,

was wedded to Phylacus the son of Deion, and bare

Iphiclus, a boy fleet of foot. It is said of him that

1 There is a fancied connection between Adas (stone) and

Aads (people). The reference is to the stones which Deucalion

and Pyrrha transformed into men and women after the Flood.

2 Eustathius identifies Ileus with Oileus, father of Aias.

Here again there is fanciful etymology, ’IAevs being similar

to fAews (complaisant, gracious).

209

HESIOD

TOOOV a cpeT HY cuvapirrao bat Tots ave "ous, eri Te

Tov actaxver SuépyerOat .. . 7 O€ iaTopia Tap

‘Hooda

= ba / ws 4 >Q\ /

dxpov ér avOepixwy Kaptov Oéev ovdé KaTEKXA,

GX érl Tupapiverv Abépwv SpomdacKe TOdETo!

Kal ov CLVéTKETO KAPTOV.

85. Hs

Choeroboscus,' i. 123, 22 H.

X\ \ / / l4

7 0€ Ooav Téxev viov.

86. :

Eustathius, Hom. 1623. 44. tov dé Mdpwva...

& \ / 3 / ¢ ie bY / f

ov tov tatépa “Kvav@nv “Hoiodos Otvorriwves,

dacw, taTtopet viov Avovicov.

87.

Athenaeus x. 428 B, ©.

ola, Avavucos OOK avopact Nappa Kab ax fos.

bates aonv min, oivos dé ot EmXeETO papyos,

auv o€ mooas yetpas Te S€et ~raooay T€ VOOV TE

dea pols adpdatooe direl 6€ € wanrOakos Uarvos.

88.

Strabo ix. p. 442

“Hon Aidvpous LEPOUS vatovea KON@VOUS

Awtio év Tedio ToAU BOT pos avr ‘A ptpovo

vikharo BoBiddos Myvns 1é8a mapOévos ads.

89.

Schol. on Pindar, Pyth. ui. 48.

T@ pev ap ayyeros Oe Kopag t vepijs ao dasTos

Hv0e és nyabénv, ppaccev & apa épy atdnra

1 ¢. 600 A.D., a lecturer and grammarian of Constantinople.

210 . .

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

through his power of running he could race the

winds and could move along upon the ears of

corn! . . . The tale is in Hesiod :

“ He would run over the fruit of the asphodel and

not break it; nay, he would run with his feet upon

wheaten ears and not hurt the fruit.”

85.

«¢ And she bare a son Thoas.”

86.

Maro,” whose father, it is said, Hesiod relates to

have been Euanthes the son of Oenopion, the son of

Dionysus.

Se.

“Such gifts as Dionysus gave to men, a joy and a

sorrow both. Who ever drinks to fullness, in him

wine becomes violent and binds together his hands

and feet, his tongue also and his wits with fetters

unspeakable: and soft sleep embraces him.”

ORR g

“ Or like her (Coronis) who lived by the holy Twin

Hills in the plain of Dotium over against Amyrus

rich in grapes, and washed her feet in the Boebian

lake, a maid unwed.”

So.

“To him, then, there came a messenger from the

sacred feast to goodly Pytho, a crow,? and he told

1 Imitated by Vergil, Aen. vii. 808, describing Camilla.

2 Priest of Apollo, and, according to Homer, discoverer of

wine. Maronea in Thrace is said to have been called after him.

* The crow was originally white, but was turned black by

Apollo in his anger at the news brought by the bird.

211

pP.2

HESIOD

PoiBo axepooxopun ott loyus éynwe Kopovw

Kinratidns, Dreyvao Sioyvnrovo OvyaTpa.

90.

Athenagoras,' Petition for the Christians, 29.

wept 6¢ Ackryiod Hatodos pwév—

TaTHp © avopav te Dewy Te

yooat, aw Ovdrvprov o€ Bartov Wordevte

KEPavv@

éctave Antoidny, DoiS@ cov Ovpov opivov. —

sale

Philodemus, On Piety, 34. “Hatodos 6é (Aéryeu Tov

"Amo\A@va) . . . pédrewy prev eis TOV Taptapov

wTo Tov Aros éuBrAnOHvaL, THS Antovs 8 ixetev-

caons, avdpt Ontevoat.

v2.

Schol. on Pindar, Pyth. ix. 6.

“H oin DOin Xapitwy aro Kdddos éxovea

IInvecod map’ bdwp Kary vatecxe Kupnvn.

“93.

Servius on Vergil, Georg. 1. 14. Aristaeum in-

vocat, id est, Apollinis et Cyrenes filium, quem

Hesiodus dicit Apollinem pastoralem.

G4,

Scholiast on Vergil, Georg. iv. 361.

at illum

Curvata in montis faciem circumstetit unda.

Hunc versum ex Hesiodi Gynaecon transtulit.

1 A philosopher of Athens under Hadrian and Antoninus.

He became a Christian and wrote a defence of the Christians

addressed to Antoninus Pius.

212

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

unshorn Phoebus of secret deeds, that Ischys son of —~-——

Elatus had wedded Coronis the daughter of Phlegyas

of birth divine.

90.

Concerning Agclepius Hesiod says: “And the

father of men and gods was wrath, and from Olympus

he smote the son of Leto with a lurid thunder-

bolt and killed him, arousing the anger of Phoebus.”’

ol.

But Hesiod (says that Apollo) would have been

cast by Zeus into Tartarus!; but Leto interceded for

him, and he became endian to a mortal.

a4

“ Or like her, beautiful Cyrene, who dwelt in Phthia

by the water of Peneus and had the beauty of the

Graces.”’

93.

He invokes Aristaeus, that is, the son of Apollo

and Cyrene, whom Hesiod calls “the shepherd

Apollo.” 2

94,

‘“But the water stood all round him, bowed into

the semblance of a mountain.”’

This verse he has taken over from Hesiod’s

Catalogue of Women.

1 Zeus slew Asclepius. (fr. 90) because of his success as a

healer, and Apollo in revenge killed the Cyclopes (fr. 64).

In punishment Apollo was forced to serve Admetus as herds-

man. (Cp. Euripides, Alcestis, 1-8.)

2 For Cyrene and Aristaeus, cp. Vergil, Georgics, iv. 315 Ff.

213

HESIOD

oo

Schol. on Homer, Iliad ii. 469.

“H otny ‘Tpin Bowwtin étpede xovpnv.

Sin:

Palaephatus,’ e. 42, mepl Fow Kal ‘Apdiovos:

ia Topobow aNNOL TE Kat “Hatodos, dru KiGapa To

Teryos TOV OnPav éTEeiyicay.

ore

Schol. on Soph. Trach. 1167.

"Eote tes EXXomin ToAvAnLOS HO évAEi MOD,

APVELN UNNOLOL Kat eiALTrOOET aL BoETowW:

év O avdpes vatovor ToNUppHvES TOAVBOUTAL |

TOOL QTTELPET LOL, pora Ounrav avOp@rav: 5

evda dé Awdavy TLS ém eax aH TET ONO TAL”

THD dé Zeus ae Kal OV ypnoTHpLov eivas

Titov avOp@Trots .

. vatov 8 ev mud weve pnyou:

évOev érrexyPoviot pavtTnia TavTAa pépovTat, a

Os 67) KetOs porwv Ocov duBportov éEepecivy 10 |

da@pa dhépwv T EXOnat avy otwvols ayalotow. |

98.

Berlin Papyri, No. 9777.

bopir[n . Ovnt ov d€ ye Tis Kev AVETAN

eyxel pépvacdal. Kab évavTiov oppnOfvar,

mip y Hpaxnijlos HeyaAdHTOPOS "AXKaLOL0;

avteotat + apnid| thos kpatepos Medéaypos

EavOoxopns [Ouvjos t& “ANOains dirXos vids" 5

Tov Kal at? obO[adpov am ehaumeTo Jeomidaes TOP

yopyav: unr @ O€ mot év Kadvdav ddpacce

* A writer on mythology of uncertain date.

2 The fragment is part of a leaf from a ah book of

the 4th century A.D.

214

3

x

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

95.

“Or like her (Antiope) whom Boeotian Hyria

nurtured as a maid.”

96.

Of Zethus and Amphion. Hesiod and some

others relate that they built the walls of Thebes by

playing on the lyre.

97.

“ There is a land Ellopia with much glebe and rich

meadows, and ‘rich in flocks and shambling kine.

There dwell men who have many sheep and many

oxen, and they are in number past telling, tribes of

mortal men. And there upon its border is built a city,

Dodona!; and Zeus loved it and (appointed) it to be

his oracle, reverenced. by men... And they (the

doves) lived in the hollow of an oak. From them

men of earth carry away all kinds of prophecy,—

whosoever fares to that spot and questions the

deathless god, and comes bringing gifts with ies

omens.’

98.

«... strife... Of mortals who would have dared

to fight him with the spear and charge against him,

save only Heracles, the great-hearted offspring of

Alcaeus? Such an one was (?) strong Meleager

loved of Ares, the golden-haired, dear son of

Oeneus and Althaea. From his fierce eyes there

shone forth portentous fire: and once in high Caly-

don he slew the destroying beast, the fierce wild

1 In Epirus. The oracle was first consulted by Deucalion

and Pyrrha after the Flood. Later writers say that the

god responded in the rustling of leaves in the oaks for which

the place was famous.

215

HESIOD

Op o[roov YrovvyY obY aypLoV apyLooovTa.

ode Tus é€v trode [OUT aivyn OntoTHTL

Err és dvta is[a@v oxedov éXOéuev ovde paxerVar 10

dvdSpav hpowy, oor [év mpopaxoict havein

GAN br’ AmdrAXovos xeplolv Béreoiv T eapacly

wapvapevos Kov[pnow tmép Kaduddvos epavvis.

rovs & ddnrous 'OuwvAle téxev, MopPdovos vid,

Dnpéa immodaplov ’Ayéraov 7’ €Eoxov adhAwv 15

Toféa te KAvper[ov te cal avtiOeov Ilepipavta

[épynv 7 jvcopov [kat érippova Anraverpay,

i) Téy” UTrOSuNOel_ oa Bin “Hpaxdnein

“TM rov kal VrAAvov cal [Krjoimmov cat ‘Odirny:

Tovs TéKe, Kal Sel ov év aidpetnau Epese 20

OMTOTE PAPMAIO] EV. \., wnlial ada

NOm[os] KAlpa peNauvay Eyov . . « s

OAs

Schol. on Homer, Iliad. xxiii. 679. kal “Haiodos

dé dno év OnBats adtod atroPavortos, Apyetav

tyv Adpaotou avy ddrdos édOety emt THY KNdEeLav

tov Oidumdéos.

po.

Papyri greci ¢ latine, No. 131 (2nd—3rd century).?

To © tex év peyapows| “AAKpdova tloipélva

ral ov.

Tov p umép Apryetilous Kadunises Edxecizre| mXo1,

1 Most of the smaller restorations appear in the original

publication, but the larger are new: these last are highly

conjectural, there being no definite clue to the general sense.

216

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

boar with gleaming tusks. In war and in dread ~~

strife no man of the heroes dared to face him and to

approach and fight with him when he appeared in

the forefront. But he was slain by the hands and

arrows of Apollo,! while he was fighting with the

Curetes for pleasant Calydon. And these others

'(Althaea) bare to Oeneus, Porthaon’s son; horse-

taming Pheres, and Agelaus surpassing all others,

Toxeus and Clymenus and godlike Periphas, and rich-

haired Gorga and wise Deianeira, who was subject

in love to mighty Heracles and bare him Hyllus and

Glenus and Ctesippus and Odites. These she bare

and in ignorance she did a fearful thing: when

(she had received) « . the poisoned robe that held

black doom , .

90m

And yet Hesiod says that after he had died in

Thebes, Argeia the daughter of Adrastus together

with others (cp. frag. 99) came to the lamentation

over Oedipus.

oo."

And (Eriphyle) bare in the palace Alcmaon,?

shepherd of the people, to Amphiaraus. Him (Am-

1 According to Homer and later writers Meleager wasted

away when his mother Althea burned the brand on which

his life depended, because he had slain her brothers in the

dispute for the hide of the Calydonian boar. (Cp. Bacchylides,

Ode v. 136 ff.)

2 The fragment probably belongs to the Catalogues proper

rather than to the Hoiae ; but, as its position is uncertain,

it may conveniently be associated with Frags. 994 and the

Shield of Heracles.

3 Alemaon (who took part in the second of the two heroic

Theban expeditions) is perhaps mentioned only incidentally

as the son of Amphiaraus, who seems to be clearly indicated

in ll. 7-8, and whose story occupies Il. 5-10. At |. 11 the

subject changes and Hlectryon is introduced as father of

_Alemena.

217

HESIOD

OupaTta T evmeye|Oés Te déuas eloavTa LOov| cat,

appétrovta| Tapas ToAvKNdEéos ’OrdeTro[ dao,

Javpacay wv. pe. evoux .rwouro |. .vipereni® 5

T@ O€ TOT Els @ABals Aavaol Jepamovtes "A pn[os

€otrov? ws ke ...| [lodvvetxei £0095 1 [dpowTo.

ev 6€ Kal eidoTa Shy Znvos twapa 0échara | ravtTa

cal lal 4 As an >] > le | an /

yaia Yavodod ¢ THAOV | at Adgecod Babvéi|vew

Katie cvv O ima jour Kab dppace KoAANT| oto. 10°}

Dijpev & “Hrextpvov] TléXo7ros mepicadréa

[’.

* grapoly (? ); original publication.

2 For scansion cf. Shield, ll. 16, 82.

218

,

CATALOGUES OF WOMEN AND EOIAE

phiaraus) did the Cadmean (Theban) women with

trailing robes admire when they saw face to face his

eyes and well-grown frame, as he was busied about

the burying of Oedipus, the man of many woes.

Once the Danai, servants of Ares, followed

tiga to Thebes, to win renown . . . for Polynices.

But, though well he knew from Heit all -things

ordained, the earth yawned and swallowed him up

with his horses and jointed chariot, far from deep-

eddying Alpheus.

But Electryon married the all-beauteous daughter

of Pelops and, going up into one bed with her, the

son of Perses begat... and Phylonomus and

Celaeneus and Amphimachus and... and Kurybius

and famous... All these the Taphians, famous

shipmen, slew in fight for oxen with shambling hoofs,

. in ships across the sea’s wide back. So Alemena

alone was left to delight her parents... and

the daughter of Electryon ... who was subject

in love to the dark-clouded son of Cronos and bare

(famous Heracles).

' 100.

The beginning of the Shield as far as the 56th”

verse is current in the fourth Catalogue.

219

HESIOD

HSIOAOT ASTIIZ

abe oin mpoTovaa Sopous Kat marpioa yatay

prvoev € és OnBas jet apntov ‘Apditptova

a Wale Juyatnp haoaaoov "Hex pvwvos

h pa yuvatk@v hirov éxaivuto Ondutepdov

eldel Te pueyéVer Te’ vOoV ye perv ov Tis Eptte fee

Taov, as Ovntat Ovntois Téxov evvnbetoat.

TAS KaL ao Kepner Bredapov T dTo KvavEedwy

Toloy an? oiov Te ToAUX PUT OV ‘Appooitns.

) € Kal OS Kara Ouwov édov TiecKEeY aKOLTHY,

@S OU TH TLS ETLTE yUVaLK@Y OnrAUTEpawV: 10

7 ev ot Tatép écOXov arréxtave ids dapacoas,

yvoodmevos tTept Bovoi AiT@V O 6 ye TaTploa

yatav

és OnBas ixétevoe hepeccakéas Kadpetous.

év0’ 6 ye Sw@paTt evate avy aidoin TapaKoiTte

voo uy arep PLAOTHTOS épipepou, ovde OF HEV 15

7 ply hexew@y emeBiva evo pupov "Hrextpuarns,

™ piv Ye hovoy TigatTo KacLYyVHTOV peyad bpov

AS GrOXOV, panrep@ O€ KatagbrcEat Tupl KOpas

mie! mpoov Tadiov idé T'nreBoawr,

TO * yap ot SueKeLTo, Deot o emt peaprupoe Hoav: 20

TOV O is omitero phe, ereityeTo & 6TTe TaXLoTE

exTeheoat peya Epyov, 6 of AcoOev Oémts Hev.

TO O dpa téuevor TONE MOLO TE pudorioos TE

Bovwtot TAnELT TOL, v UTEP CAKEWV TVELOVTES,

Aoxpot 7 ay XEMaXoL Kal Daxijes bey av por 25

EoTovT* npye Oe Toto w és mais “AXKatovo

KUOLOWV NaotaL. TaTHP O avopav Te Vewv TE

1 A: &s, MSS,

220

SHIELD OF HERACLES

HESIOD’S SHIELD OF HERACLES

Or like her who left home and country and came

to Thebes, following warlike Amphitryon,—even

Alemena, the daughter of Electryon, gatherer of the

people. She surpassed the tribe of womankind in

beauty and in height; and in wisdom none vied with

her of those whom mortal women bare of union with

mortal men. Her face and her dark eyes wafted

such charm as comes from golden Aphrodite. And

she so honoured her husband in her heart as none of

womankind did before her. Verily he had slain her

noble father violently when he was angry about

oxen; so he left his own country and came _ to

Thebes and was suppliant to the shield-carrying men

of Cadmus. There he dwelt with his modest wife

without the joys of love, nor might he go in unto

the neat-ankled daughter of Electryon until he had

avenged the death of his wife’s great-hearted

brothers and utterly burned with blazing fire the

villages of the heroes, the Taphians and Teleboans ;

for this thing was laid upon him, and the gods were

witnesses to it. And he feared their anger, and

hastened to perform the great task to which Zeus had

bound him. With him went the _horse-driving

Boeotians, breathing above their shields, and the

Locrians who fight hand to hand, and the gallant

Phocians eager for war and battle. And the noble

son of Alcaeus led them, rejoicing in his host.

But the father of men and gods was forming

221

HESIOD

aNANY pur Upavve pera ppeaty, as pa Oeotow

avSpact T adpnaria wv apns adKTH pA puTevoae.

Opto 8 ar ‘OvdvpeTrOLO doAov dpect Bvacodopevon, 30

(mel pov prrornTos éuC@voio yuvaucos,

evVUX LOS" TAX &’ i€e Tupaovior: Tobev AUTLS

Pixvov dK poTaTov mpoceBicato pentiera Zevs.

evda rabeCopuevos ppect pudero OéoKena Eprya*

avy pev yap vuKTL Tavuapupou “Hy exrpudrys

evvy Kal dirornTe piryn, TéeXecev O Ap’ eédXOwP:

avthn © “Apditpvav Naoaa dos, ayaos pws,

exTeheoas peya Epryov dinero bbe Sopovee.

ov6 6 ny érrl Ouaas Kab TOLpLevas a dypow@ras

Opt Leva, mptv y 1S ddoxXov em Breve EUvHS*

Totos yap Kpadiny mo8os ALVUTO Toupeva, adv.

Os o 6r avn ao maa TOV Text popuyy KAKOTH TO

vouoou vm apyanens Kab Kpatepod vmo deo mod,

as pa ToT “Apditptwv yarerov Tovey éKTo-

huTevaas

dora bos Te pitas Te €OV Oop cioaixaver.

TAVVUX LOS & dp éXexTo ov aidoiy TApaKoire

TEPT O[EVOS S@poLat Tokuy pvaov "Agpodirns.

1 66 Ged ounleioa Kal avepe TONOV aptoT@

Onn ev ETTAT UND dL0UULGaove yelvaro Taide,

ov Kad oma povéovte: KAT UYYHTO ee: pev HOoTHV

TOV mev YELpoTEpov, TOV O av méey apeivova PATA,

devov TE KpaTepov TE, Binu “Hpakdneiny:

TOV. pev vob pnbeion Kehaipedpet Kpovion,

Tov © dpa ‘Tpucdija, Sopuccog * ‘Apudotpvant,

KeKplpevny yevenv: Tov ev BpoT@® avopt puyetoa,

tov d¢ Aut Kpoviwm, Oeiy onwavtope TavT@v.

1 rAaocodm, KLM.

222

40

45

SHIELD OF HERACLES

another scheme in his heart, to beget one to defend =|

against destruction gods and men who eat bread. So

he arose from Olympus by night pondering guile in

the deep of his heart, and yearned for the love of the

well-girded woman. Quickly he came to Typhao-

nium, and from there again wise Zeus went on and

trod the highest peak of Phicium!: there he sat and

planned marvellous things in his heart. So in one

night Zeus shared the bed and love of the neat-ankled

daughter of Electryon and fulfilled his desire;

and in the same night Amphitryon, gatherer of the

' people, the glorious hero, came to his house when he

had ended his great task. He hastened not to go

to his bondmen and shepherds afield, but first went

in unto his wife: such desire took hold on the

shepherd of the people. And as a man who has

escaped joyfully from misery, whether of sore disease

or cruel bondage, so then did Amphitryon, when he

had wound up all his heavy task, come glad and wel-

come to his home. And all night long he lay with

his modest wife, delighting in the gifts of golden

Aphrodite. And she, being subject in love to a god

and to a man exceeding goodly, brought forth twin

sons in seven-gated Thebe. Though they were

brothers, these were not of one spirit; for one was

weaker but the other a far better man, one terrible

and strong, the mighty Heracles. Him she bare

through the embrace of the son of Cronos lord of dark

clouds and the other, Iphicles, of Amphitryon the

spear-wielder—offspring distinct, this one of union

with a mortal man, but that other of union with

Zeus, leader of all the gods.

1 A mountain peak near Thebes which took its name from

the Sphinx (called in Theog. 326 #7é).

223

HESIOD

Os Kal Kv«vov Emedvev, ‘A pnteaony peydOvupov.

evpe Yap | éV TE [LEVEL éxatnBodov "A 7rdAN@VOS

avTov Kab TaTepa OV “Apny, darov TONE [1010,

TEUX ETL Lapmropevous oéXas as TUpOsS aibopevoro, 69

eoTaoT év didpa: xGova & éxtumov wKées trot

vUTTOVTES YNAHTL, KOVUS O€ ob ap Oednet

KOMTOMEDN TEKTOLTLY up dpwact kab tooly trey.

appara oe evTroinTa Kat apruyes aupapa Br Cov

(Tr wy Lewevor” KeXapnto dé Kuv«vos ALVLOY, 65

éXropevos Atos yiov apntov nybox ov TE

XOAKD onvooey Kal ATO KNUTA TevXe Sve ELV.

anna ol ebyoheav ovn éxAve DolBos “AmwoAXNov:

QUTOS yap Ot eTOpPTE Biny “Hpaxdgeiny.

wav © adoos Kal Bw.os "ATOMAVOS ILayacatou 70

Aaprrey vo detvoto Oeov TEUXEDD TE Kal auto

Dp Oo as op Oar pav AT ENA LT ETO. Tis KEV éxelvouU

eThn Ounros € EV KaTevavtiov opymO hvac

Thay y “Hpaxrijos Kal xvdani wou ‘ToAdou;

Keiveov yap peyany Te Bin Kat xetpes AAT TOL 75

€& « @ Lov emepuKov él oTLPapotoe pehec ory.

os. pa TOO _nvLoxov T pooehn kpaTepov ‘Today:

"“Hpws ® ‘loXae, Bpotayv todd diATaTe TaVTOD,

Hy Te péey alavatovs pdKcapas, tol “Odvptrov

eXoualy,

WNLTEV ‘Apdetpvov, ¢ OT evo repavov moti OnBnv 80

7rO¢ NuTr@V TipuvOa,' EVKTLEVOY mTonLeO pov,

Kreivas ‘HAextpvova Bowy ¢ even eUPUPLET@TEOY™

ixeTo d és Kpetovra Kab “Hyvoxny TAVOTETAOY

ot pad pu noma Sovro Kal appeva TAVTA TAPELYOD,

i) dixn oP ixétnot, Tiov b€é €? KNnpoOL MAXXOD. 85

1M: ripuvd’, GHI: Tlovydorv, most MSS. : rhprvdov, B.

2 Ranke: 3¢ ye, GHI: & &pa, other MSS.

224

SHIELD OF HERACLES

And he slew Cyenus, the gallant son of Ares. —~

For he found him in the close of far-shooting Apollo,

him and his father Ares, never sated with war.

Their armour shone like a flame of blazing fire as

they two stood in their car: their swift horses struck

the earth and pawed it with their hoofs, and the

dust rose like smoke about them, pounded by the

chariot wheels and the horses’ hoofs, while the

well-made chariot and its rails rattled around them

as. the horses plunged. And blameless Cycnus was

glad, for he looked to slay the warlike son of Zeus

and his charioteer with the sword, and to strip off

their splendid armour. But Phoebus Apollo would

not listen to his vaunts, for he himself had stirred

up mighty Heracles against him. And all the grove

and altar of Pagasaean Apollo flamed because of the

dread god and because of his arms; for his eyes

flashed as with fire. What mortal man would have

dared to meet him face to face save Heracles and

glorious Iolaus? For great was their strength and

unconquerable were the arms which grew from their

shoulders on their strong limbs. Then Heracles

spake to his charioteer strong Iolaus :

“QO hero Iolaus, best beloved of all men, truly

Amphitryon sinned deeply against the blessed gods

who dwell on Olympus when he came to sweet-

crowned Thebe and left Tiryns, the well-built citadel,

because he slew Electryon for the sake of his wide:

browed oxen. Then he came to Creon and long-

robed Eniocha, who received him kindly and gave

him all fitting things, as is due to suppliants, and

honoured him in their hearts even more. And he

225

HESIOD

Cae S aryaRhopmevos ouY eva pupy "Hex tpuovn,

1) aNOX Taxa & apes émeTrhopevav EVIAUTOV

ryetvo wel? ouTe pury evaniyKLot ore vonpea,

oOS TE T2717) Kal eyo" Tov pev dpévas é€&éXeTO

Levs, |

Os mpodsT@v odérepov Te So“ov aoeTépous Te

TOKHAS 90

@XETO, TLLNT OY ANTI EVOD Kupuao Offa,

TXET\LOS: 7) TOU Toh peter tevaxiveT OTL TW

ty arny oxe@"! 7» © ov Tadwvay/peTos €oTUD.

avTap épol Sai pov Nahetrous emeT ener aéOrous.

*O, diros, adrra ov Oaocov éxy nvia porvixoerta 95

arm oy @KUT OOD" peya oe ppect Odpaos aeEov

tOvds Exetv Ooov a appa. Kab @KkuToooyv alévos imma,

pndev UTrOObELT AS KTOTOV "A peos cwSpopovoro,

OS DOV KEKANYOS TEepLMalvEeTat LEpOV AAGOS -

DoiSov “AmoAA@VOS, ExaTNBEXeTAO AVAKTOS: 100

7) ny Kal KpaTEpOS TEP EMV AATAL TOKEMOLO. |

Tov & atte wpocéatrev auopntos lodaos: if

nOct, 7) pdra On TL TATHP avdpayv TE Oewy TE |

TUG onv Keharnv Kal TAUPEOS ‘Evvoctyacos,

Os @OnBrs KpnoEMvon & Exel pverat TE moka.” 105

olov On Kab Tove Bporov KpaTepov TE peyav TE

oas és xsipas ayouow, ta KNEOS eo Oror ¢ dpnat.

aX’ aye OvaEO TEVYE apnea, dpa TAXLOTE

dipous épT edo aves "Apnos. & per epov Te |

papvopecd , émrel OV TOL ar apBntov Avos ViOV 110

ov “Idixretonv derdiEeTat, aAAG py olw ;

pevgea bar dvo maidas dV {LOVOS "Arxeldao,

ov dn ode oxe0ov eto, Achavopevor TONE {LOLO

purdoT Loa CTHOAL, TA opi TON piTepa Poivns.

1 BCDF: axéor, other MSS,

|

226

SHIELD OF HERACLES

lived joyfully with his wife the neat-ankled daughter--—-~

of Electryon : and presently, while the years rolled

on, we were born, unlike in body as in mind, even

your father and I. From him Zeus took away sense,

so that he left his home and his parents and went to

do honour to the wicked Eurystheus—unhappy man!

Deeply indeed did he grieve afterwards in bearing

the burden of his own mad folly ; but that cannot be ©

taken back. But on me fate laid heavy tasks.

“Yet, come, friend, quickly take the red-dyed

reins of the swift horses and raise high courage in

your heart and guide the swift chariot and strong

fleet-footed horses straight on. Have no secret fear

at the noise of man-slaying Ares who now rages

shouting about the holy grove of Phoebus Apollo,

the lord who shoots from afar. Surely, strong

though he be, he shall have enough of war.”

And blameless Iolaus answered him again : “‘ Good

friend, truly the father of men and gods greatly

honours your head and the bull-like Earth-Shaker

also, who keeps Thebe’s veil of walls and guards

the city,—so great and strong is this fellow they

bring into your hands that you may win great

glory. But come, put on your arms of war that

with all speed we may bring the car of Ares and our

own together and fight; for he shall not frighten

the dauntless son of Zeus, nor yet the son of

Iphiclus: rather I think he will flee before the two

sons of blameless Alcides who are near him and eager

to raise the war cry for battle; for this they love

better than a feast.”’

227

HESIOD .

“Os dato: peldnoev dé Bin “Hpakrneln 115

duped ynOicas' wadra yap vv o: dpmeva eimev

Kal pv apetBomevos Errea TTEpoevTA TpOTHnVOa*

“Hpws @ lorae, dtotpedés, ovKéTe THAOD

vopivn Tenyeta: aod 8 ws wapos Haba Saidpov, |

a> Kal voY wéyav immov Aplova KvavoyaiTny 120

TAVTN aVaTTPAPAY Kal apnyéemev, WS KE SvVNAL.

“Os etrr@v Kvnutdas operyaddKoto haewwov,

‘Hdaiotouv krvTa dopa, mepi Kynunow €Onkerv

devTEepov av OwpynKa Tepl oTHVecow eduveE |

KANOV YPUVTELOV TrOVdALOaAAOD, OV OL EOWKE 125

Iladras “AOnvain, covpn Atos, ommoT éwerre

TO Tp@TOV GTOVvoeVTas ehopunaeaOat aéOXovs.

Onkaro 5 ap Cove wy apis aNKTH PA a iOnpov

SeLvos aunp” KoiAny O€ Tept aTnGecat papeTpnv

KaBBarer éEomiGev: toddol & évtocbev otaToi 130

piynnrot, Gavaroto AaehCoryyov0 doriipes.

™poa ev poev Odvatov T etx ov Kal daKpuot peupor,

jer oor € feo T0l, TE PLULIKEES, avuTap Ora Ge

Loppvoto preyvao KahuTTopevou TTEPUYET TW.

e(deto 6! GSpimov eyyos, akaypéevov aidore

ANKO, 135.4

kpatt © ém tb0ipo Kuveny €UTUKTOV eOnne,

daidareny GOA HAVTOS, € emt Kporapous apaputar,

nT ElpvTo apn “Hpaxrijos Jeiovo.

Xepov We pnv cdKos etXe TavatoXov, ovOE TIS

avTO

out éppnée Barav ovt eOrace, Padua idécBat. 140

TAY MeV YAP KUKN@ TLTAV@ NEVK@ T EAEHaYTL

nréxTp@ O wrrodaptrés Env Kpvoe@® Te Pace

1 Hermann: joav: 38, MSS.

228

SHIELD OF HERACLES

So he said. And mighty Heracles was glad in

heart and smiled, for the other’s words pleased him

well, and he answered him with winged words:

“ O hero Iolaus, heaven-sprung, now is rough battle

hard at hand. But, as you have shown your skill at

other times, so now also wheel the great black-maned

horse Arion about every way, and help me as you

may be able.”

So he said, and put upon his legs greaves of

shining bronze, the splendid gift of Hephaestus.

- Next he fastened about his breast a fine golden

breast-plate, curiously wrought, which Pallas Athene

the daughter of Zeus had given him when first he

was about to set out upon his grievous labours. Over

his shoulders the fierce warrior put the steel that

saves men from doom, and across his breast he slung

behind him a hollow quiver. Within it were many

chilling arrows, dealers of death which makes speech

forgotten: in front they had death, and trickled

with tears ; their shafts were smooth and very long ;

and their butts were covered with feathers of a

brown eagle. And he took his strong spear, pointed

with shining bronze, and on his valiant head set a

well-made helm of adamant, cunningly wrought,

which fitted closely on the temples ; and that guarded

the head of god-like Heracles.

In his hands he took his shield, all glittering: no

one ever broke it with a blow or crushed it. And

a wonder it was to see; for its whole orb was

a-shimmer with enamel and white ivory and electrum,

and it glowed with shining gold; and there were

229

HESIOD

r \ M4 ye

AAWTOMEVOV, KUdVOV O€ OLA TTVKXES NANAAVTO.

/ , ,

év peoow © adapavtos! ény PoBos ov Te hatesos,

5) /

éuTranwy Oacolaly Tupi AawTromEevotal SedopKa@s: 145

A NORD NY \ a / \ I

TOU Kal OOOVTMY Mev TANTO oTOMA NEeVKA JeovTMY,

lal 5 , >) \ A n tA F

SELVOV ATANT@V, ETL. O€ BAOTUPOLO ETwTTOU

dew Epis wemotnto Kopvacovca KNOvoY avop@v, —_

/ By ht 32 Je elas \ 9 S t/- An |

TYXETALYN, 1) PA VOOY TE KAL EK Ppevas etNETO PWTWV,

alteves avTeBinv TmorEwov Aros vit déporev. 150 |

TOV Kat uyai wey yOova dvpevat”Atoos elow

KAKKLOV,” OoTéa O€ ode TEPL pLvOto GaTELONS

Vs b] ie 4 Vi sf

LYeipiov alaréoo wedaivyn wvOeras ain.

"Kv d€ [Ipoiw&is re Tladiwkis te tétuxTo,

f t

év 0 °Opasos te BoBos 7 Avdpoxtacin te dednet, 155

év 8 "Epus, év 6€ Kudotpos eOvveov, év & or0r Knp

ay) % Se iy / > ”

ahNov Cwov evyouca VEoUTATOV, ANNOY AOUTOD,

arrov teOvnaTa Kata woOcy EXKeE TrodolL. im |

a SES Y Meee, WEY > » \ e/ A i

eipea © Ex app WLoLct Sa gpoveov ALLATL PWTOYV,

dewov epKkomevn Kavaynot Te BeBpuyuia. 160

Ev & odiwv xeharal dewav écay, ov Tt hatean,

doHdexa, Tal PoPéecKov eri yOovi POX avOperoar,

t/ ’ 4 If \ Ua /

ot TLVves avTLBinv TroNenov Axos vit hEpotev*

TOV KAL OOOVT@Y [EY KAVA) TENEV, EVTE U“YOLTO

/

"Auditpumviadons, Ta 0 edateTo Oavpata Epya. 165

if IA 3 / 3 nn rn /

atiypata & ws émépavto ideiy detvoics SpaKovatv’

KUGVEOL KATA VOTA, weraVOncay Oé yévela.

1 Schol. : 5¢ Spdxovros, MSS.

2 (=xaréxiov: cp. l. 254), Tr.: ad’rav, MSS.

230 :

;

:

.

“- i

SHIELD OF HERACLES

zones of cyanus! drawn upon it. In the centre was

Fear worked in adamant, unspeakable, staring — iG

backwards with eyes that glowed with fire. His

mouth was full of teeth in a white row, fearful and

daunting, and upon his grim brow hovered frightful

Strife who arrays the throng of men: pitiless ‘she,

for she took away the mind and senses of poor

wretches who made war against the son of Zeus.

Their souls passed beneath the earth and went down

into the house of Hades; but their bones, when the

skin is rotted about them, crumble away on the dark

earth under parching Sirius.

Upon the shield Pursuit and Flight were wrought,

and Tumult, and Panic, and Slaughter. Strife

also, and Uproar were hurrying about, and deadly

Fate was there holding one man newly wounded,

and another unwounded; and one, who was dead,

she was dragging by the feet through the tumult.

She had on her shoulders a garment red with the

blood of men, and terribly she glared and gnashed

her teeth.

And there were heads of snakes unspeakably

frightful, twelve of them ; and they used to frighten

the tribes of men on earth whosoever made war

against the son of Zeus; for they would clash their

teeth when Amphitryon’s son was fighting: and

brightly shone these wonderful works. Andeit was

as though there were spots upon the frightful

snakes: and their backs were dark blue and their

jaws were black.

1 Cyanus was a glass-paste of deep blue colour: the ‘‘zones”’

were concentric bands in which were the scenes described by

the poet. The figure of Fear (1.44) occupied the centre of

the shield, and Oceanus (1. 314) enclosed the whole.

231

HESIOD

"Ev 0€ cvav ayédat YNOVVOY Ecav NOE NEOVT@V

és ahéas Sepkopévav, koTeovT@v O° Leevoy TE.

a) ALE N / of 3 p /

TOV Kab OptANOOY aTLYES Hidav: OVE VUT@ YE _——170

OvOETEPOL THEETHVY: Hpiacor ye ev aVKEVAS appa.

bY4 i 4 / a > \ \ /

non yap opty exerTo péyas Als, aul O€ KaTpoL

dolol, aTroupapevor Wuyxds, Kata O€ opt KENALVOV

CN pe de BSS ) 7 + + > \ ’ 3 / P] /

aip amenetBet épal: of & avyéevas eEeputrovtes

/ la) e \ an WA

Kelato TeOvnw@TeEs UTO BAOcUpOtat NEovVO LW. 175

Tol O éTt MaAXOY éyerpecOnv KoTéovTE paxerOat,

awporepor, KNODVAL TE TVES YApoTrOL TE EOVTES.

3 2 6) (e / 4 3 VA

Ev & hv vopivn AariOdeov arypntdwv

Kawéa 7 audi dvaxta Aptavta te WespiOoov te

‘Omnréa 7 7EEdéiov te PadAnpov re Uporoyov te 180

Moov 7 “Apruxcidny, Trrapnotov, éCov” Apnos,

@ncéa t Atyeldnv, émie(keXov abavatoiow:

apyUpEol, YpvoEla TrEepl Ypol TEVYE ENOVTES.

Kévtavupot & étépmbev évavtios nryepéovto

apodt péyav Iletpaiov ié “AcBoXov ot@victHy —185

"Apetov tT Odvperov te perayyaiTny Te Mipavta

Kat OVO Tleveidas, Tepruded TE Aptarov TE,

apy vpeot, Xpuceas eNaTas éy Xepaty EVOVTES.

Kal Te cuvairyony & ws eb Swob Trep covres

eyyerry NO, EAATHS AVTOTVEOOV WPLYVOVTO. 190

“Ey oO "A peos Broo vpoio TOO@KEES ETAGAD imTTToL

XpUeEol, év be Kab avTos evapo popos ovALos "A pns

arypuny év Xetperow EXO, TPUNEETOL KENEVOY,

abate POlwwiKoels, WS et fwous evapiCov

Oi pou éeTenBeBaws: Tapa dé Actos te PoBos Te 195

ETTATAY LEMEVOL TOAEMOV KATAOUPMLEVAL avo pav.

"Ep 6€ Atos Ouyarnp ayere’n Tpetoyévera,

A238

SHIELD OF HERACLES

Also there were upon the shield droves of boars

and lions who glared at each other, being furious

and eager: the rows of them moved on together,

and neither side trembled but both bristled up their

manes. For already a great lion lay between them

and two boars, one on either side, bereft of life, and

their dark blood was dripping down upon the ground ;

they lay dead with necks outstretched beneath the

grim lions. And both sides were roused still more

to fight because they were angry, the fierce boars

and the bright-eyed lions.

And there was the strife of the Lapith spearmen

gathered round the prince Caeneus and Dryas and

Peirith6us, with Hopleus, Exadius, Phalereus, and

Prolochus, Mopsus the son of Ampyce of Titaresia, a

scion of Ares, and Theseus, the son of Aegeus, like

unto the deathless gods. These were of silver, and

had armour of gold upon their bodies. And the Cen-

taurs were gathered against them on the other side

with Petraeus and Asbolus the diviner, Arctus, and

Ureus, and black-haired Mimas, and the two sons of

Peuceus, Perimedes and Dryalus: these were of

silver, and they had pinetrees of gold in their hands.

and they were rushing together as though they were

alive and striking at one another hand to hand with

spears and with pines.

And on the shield stood the fleet-footed noes

of grim Ares made of gold, and deadly Ares the spoil-

winner himself. He held a spear in his hands and

was urging on the footmen: he was red with blood

as if he were slaying living men, and he stood in his

chariot. Beside him stood Fear and Flight, eager to

plunge amidst the fighting men.

There, too, was the daughter of Zeus, Tritogeneia

293

HESIOD

TH ined OS et Te pceyny eJéhovea Kopvooew,

ey KOS éxoue év Xepow toe Xpuoenv Tpupareay

aiyisa T aud @pows: él Oo OXETO puroTev aivny. 200

"Ky e Hv adavatwy tepos xopos’ év 0 apa

pec o@

imepoev Oapite Avos Kai Anrods: ulos

xPeoeD Poppy [Ocav & Edos aryvos ‘OAvprros:

aryopn, mept & OABos atreipitos eo tepayvwrTo |

Tippee: év ayove+)] Peat & eEHpxov aLouons 205

Movoat Teepises, deyu jeeNTromenys ELKULAL.

"Ev 6é Aepny EVOPHLOS AMLALLAKETOLO Jaracons

KUKNOTEPNS éréTUKTO TravepOou KaCTUTEPOLO

KAU ECOMEV® | ixehos” [wroArol ye Mev Ae pwecov avTOD

dedpives Th Kal TH eOvveor ixOuvaovres 210

YNXOMEvOUS ixedou 7] dow O atv panera wings |

apy bpeot deh ives Cowart * ENOTES é XObs.

TOV O bro Xarnevor Tpéov ix Obes aUTAp em aKTALS

HOTO AVN GNLEUS dedoxnuevos” eiye O€ Xepotv

ixOvow duh (Bo T pov am opptovrs ECOLKaS. 215

"Ev 0 Hv jUKO_OU Aavans TEKOS, immrora Ilepcevs,

ovT ap em npavev TAKES moo ovd exes aUTOoD,

Jadpa peya ppdccacl, érrel ovoapy é OTN PLKTO.

TOS yap pv TANG [als TevEev KNUTOS "Auuyunecs

x puceor" aut dé jTocaw évev TTEPOEVT OL TEdLAa. 220

@ {LOU WY bé up app pehdvoerov a dop EXELTO

yanKéou €k TENAU@VOS' OO WS TE VONM ETOTATO

1}. 208-5 are clearly intrusive and are rejected by

Baumeister.

2 ll. 209-11 are not found in Q, and are rejected by Pepp-

miiller. They appear to be an alternative version of Il. 211—

212.

3 Ranke: épolveoy, Q: épuiBov, F: épolrwyv, other MSS.

234

SHIELD OF HERACLES

who drives the spoilt She was like as if she would —_-

array a battle, with a spear in her hand, and a

golden helmet, and the aegis about her shoulders.

And she was going towards the awful strife. .

And there was the holy company of the deathless

gods: and in the midst the son of Zeus and Leto

played sweetly on a golden lyre. There also was

the abode of the gods, pure Olympus, and their

assembly, and infinite riches were spread around in

the gathering of the deathless gods. Also the

goddesses, the Muses of Pieria,were beginning a song

like clear-voiced singers.

And on the shield was a harbour with a safe

haven from the irresistible sea, made of refined tin

wrought in a circle, and it seemed to heave with

waves. In the middle of it were many dolphins

rushing this way and that, fishing : and they seemed

to be swimming. Two dolphins of silver were

spouting and devouring the mute fishes. And

beneath them fishes of bronze were trembling. And

on the shore sat a fisherman watching: in his hands

he held a casting net for fish, and seemed as if about

to cast it forth.

There, too, was the son of rich-haired Danaé, the

_ horseman Perseus: his feet did not touch the shield

and yet were not far from it—very marvellous to

remark, since he was not supported anywhere ; for

so did the famous Lame One fashion him of gold

with his hands. On his feet he had winged sandals,

and his black-sheathed sword was slung across his

shoulders by a cross-belt of bronze. He was flying

1 «She who drives herds,” 7.¢. ‘‘The Victorious,” since

herds were the chief spoil gained by the victor in ancient

warfare. |

235

HESIOD

A \ / 5 / na ,

wav € weradpevov ceive Kapn Sewolo TEeNwWpoU,

Topyods: apdl dé pv KiBrows Oée, Padpa tdéc0an,

5) Z / \ La) \

apyupen: Ovcavos 6é KATYWPEVVTO PAELVOL 225

Ypvaevor detvn O€ TEpl KPOTAaPoLoLY AVAKTOS

n> f \ / 9. ial aoe

Kett “ALoos KUvEeN VUKTOS Copov aivov EXovoa.

avTos 6€ omevdorTe Kal eppiryovre EOL WS

Ilepceds Aavaidns étitaivero. Tal Oé per avTOV

Topyéves dwAntot Te Kal ov hatal éppwovto 230

(éwevar marreéey. ml 0€ YANM@POD AbapaVTOS

Bawoveeor laXeoKe TAKOS MEYAAW OpuLAyoW

oféa Kat Nuryéos: émrt Oé Cougar OpaxovTe

50L@ amrnopedvT EMLKUPT@OVTE Kapnva.

Mixpatov 0 apa TO ye peeves © éxapacaov odovTas

dypia SepKomevo. emt b€ Sesvoict Kapyvous 236

Topryetors éSovetto péyas PoBos. of S virép avtéwv

3

dvopes éuapvacOnv Toreuinia Tevye eXovTEs,

Tol wep UTrép odETepNs TOALOS TPETEPMY TE TOKHOV

Novyov GmUVOVTES, TOL O€ TpPAaCEELY WELADTES. 240

\ \ f / 5 ben) A 7

TOANOL pev KEATO, THEOVES O ETL ONPLY EYOVTES

papvavO at oe yuvaires EVOMNTOV ert mUpYyov

Karnueov o&v Bowy, KATA © edpUTTovTo TAPELas,

Cano w ixehat, Eorya. KrUTOD ‘H Taio roto.

dvd pes 6’, ob mpea BHes € EC AV ynpas TE pé“apTren, 245

a0 poor éxtoo Oey TUNEOY era, av 6€ Oeoion

yetpas evov paxdper ot, Tepl opereporoe TEKETOU

SeLouores" ToL O avuTe paxynv éyov. ab dé meT

avTOUS

Kpes xudveat, NevKovs apaBedoat odovtas,

\ / 2 eis , “s

deworal Prooupat Te Sapouvat T amhytat Te — 250

Op é eX ov mepl TUT TOVT OY Tacat Oo ap’ LEV TO

aipa méedav TléeLy' Ov O€ TPWTOV MEWATFOLED.

236.

SHIELD OF HERACLES

swift as thought. The head of a dreadful monster, © ~

the Gorgon, covered the broad of his back, and a

bag of silver—a marvel to see—contained it: and

from the bag bright tassels of gold hung down.

Upon the head of the hero lay the dread cap! of

Hades which had the awful gloom of night. Perseus

himself, the son of Danaé, was at full stretch, like

one who hurries and shudders with horror. And

after him rushed the Gorgons, unapproachable and

unspeakable, longing to seize him: as they trod

upon the pale adamant, the shield rang sharp and

clear with a loud clanging. Two serpents hung

down at their girdles with heads curved forward :

their tongues were flickering, and their teeth

gnashing with fury, and their eyes glaring fiercely.

And upon the awful heads of the Gorgons great

Fear was quaking.

287 And beyond these there were men fighting in

warlike harness, some defending their own town and

parents from destruction, and others eager to sack

it; many lay dead, but the greater number still

strove and fought. The women on well-built towers

of bronze were crying shrilly and tearing their

cheeks like living beings—the work of famous

Hephaestus. And the men who were elders and on

whom age had laid hold were all together outside

the gates, and were holding up their hands to the

blessed gods, fearing for their own sons. But these

again were engaged in battle: and behind them the

dusky Fates, gnashing their white fangs, lowering,

grim, bloody, and unapproachable, struggled for

those who were falling, for they all were longing to

drink dark blood. So soon as they caught a man

1 The cap of darkness which made its wearer invisible.

237

HESIOD

KelEVOY 1) ThITOVTA VEeovTATOY, audl Mev AVT@

Barn dvuxas peyddous, Wwuxn & "Ardoabe KaTHhev

Taptapov és xpvoev’. at d€ dpévas ett apécavTo 255

aimaros avopopéov, TOV Mev plITTagKOV OTLAC®,

avy & éuadov rai parov eObveov adtis tovoas.

Kiabo nal Adyeois odw ébéotacav: 1) mev

upyoomy

“Atporros OU TL TENNEY [EVAN debs, aXn’ apa h ye

TOV YE LEV AAXawY Tpohepys T HV TpEecBuTAaTH TE. |

Tacat © apd evi hott paxny Spimetay COevTo. 261 ||

dewa 6 és addy has Spakov ¢ Oppuact Oupnvacas, |

ey oe ovuxas xEtpas Té Opaceias t io@oarro.

Tap © ‘Aydus ELT TIKEL EMlLamuyEepn TE Kal oe

VA 1) avaTanen Aepo@ KaTATEN THVELL, 265

YOUVOTTAXNHS, HAKpPOL O OVUNES YElpeaow vITHoAav.

THS éx péev pivov wvEat péov, éx O€ TapEL@V

aip amereBet Epal” 7) 0 admAnTOV cecapvia

ELOTHKEL, TOAAN O€ KOVES KaTEVHVOOEY @LOUS,

daxpvot pudarhen, Tapa & evmUpyos TONS

avopav : 270

Xpuoeras O€ pup elyov vmepOuptous apapviae

ETTA TURAL" Tol oe avdpes € év aydains TE xopois TE

Tépyuy éyov' Tol pev yap evo T@TPOU eq’ anrnuns

HYyOVT avopt yuvatKka, TOAUS 0 UpEvatos opwpet:

THA O am’ alOopévwy Oaidwy aédas eihvhae 275

XEpotv eve Op@ev: Tal © aryhain TeGarviae

mpooe exLov" THOW O€ Xopol maifovtes & ET OVTO.

Tol MeV UT O eyupov cuplyyov leo av avony

ef amrarov TT OMETOV, rept dé opiow dyyvuTo WYO.

at © v7 Poppiyyov avayov Yopov pe poevTa. 280

évOev © av’ éEvrépwOe véor Kbpalov vm avr, —

238

SHIELD OF HERACLES

overthrown or falling newly wounded, one of them —— —

would clasp her great claws about him, and his soul

would go down to Hades to chilly Tartarus. And when

they had satisfied their souls with human blocd, they

would cast that one behind them, and rush back

again into the tumult and the fray. Clotho and

Lachesis were over them and Atropos less tall than

they, a goddess of no great frame, yet superior to

the others and the eldest of them. And they all

made a fierce fight over one poor wretch, glaring

- evilly at one another with furious eyes and fighting

equally with claws and hands. By them stood Dark-

ness of Death, mournful and fearful, pale, shrivelled,

shrunk with hunger, swollen-kneed. Long nails

tipped her hands, and she dribbled at the nose, and

from her cheeks blood dripped down to the ground.

She stood leering hideously, and much dust sodden

with tears lay upon her shoulders.

- 27 Next, there was a city of men with goodly

towers ; and seven gates of gold, fitted to the lintels,

guarded it. The men were making merry with festivi-

ties and dances; some were bringing home a bride to

her husband on a well-wheeled car, while the bridal- —

song swelled high, and the glow of blazing torches

held by handmaidens rolled in waves afar. And

these maidens went before, delighting in the festival;

and after them came frolicsome choirs, the youths

singing soft-mouthed to the sound of shrill pipes,

while the echo was shivered around them, and the

girls leading on the lovely dance to the sound of

lyres. Then again on the other side was a rout of

young men revelling, with flutes playing; some

257

HESIOD

TOL ye pev aw matCovres t vm opxne ue Kat aoLon

Tol ye meV av yedowvres UT AUANTHpPL ExaTTOS

mpoae éxtov" macay dé Tod Paria Te xopot TE

dyatar T elyov. Tol O av mporrapote TONNOS 285 |

var” inmoy émiBavres éOuveov. ot & apoThpes

7peLicov x Gove Slay, ema TONGONY dé XeTavas

éoTahat . avTap env Babv Aajvov" ol Ye fev HOV

ax ws o€einot KOp@vLowvra meTH AA, P|

BpiOopeva, TTAYKVOV, WS Eb Anpajrepos ae T HY" 290 |

or 0 dp é év eAedavotar déov Kal eet voy aroy,' |

ot O° eTpuryeov olvas Opemavas € év _Xepotv EXOUTES,

of 0 auT és Tadapous epopevy vTO TPUYNTHPOY

NEVKOUS Kab pehavas Botpvas peyadov ATO Opyan,

SprBopeveor PUAOLOL Kab apyupens éMixerow. 295

ov Oo avr és Taddpous édopevy. mapa 6€ ofiow

Opxos

Xpuaeos HV, KAUTA epya mrepid povos ‘Hdatorouo, 297

-GELOMEVOS PUANOLTL KAL AaPyupence Kawase, 299

SprGopevos TTApuAHoe pehavOna ay ye pev aioe. 300 |

Ob ye ev éTpameon, Tob o npvov’ ol O eHaXOVTO

TUE TE Kab éhenoov TOL O w@KUTOOaS NayOS Tpevy

dvdpes Onpevrat, Kat KapXapooovTe KUVE TPO, .

Lewevol aTreew, ot é tepevor UTanrvEar

Tap 8 avtots UT THES eX Ov OVO), appt & aéOrw

Onpw é Eyov Kal pox Gor. eum exeov & éml didpav 306

nyLoxor BeBadres epier ay OKEAS immous

puTa YaXaivortes, TA O émLKpoTéovTAa TETOVTO

1 GH have the alternative reading mimAov.

298 rol ye mev ad walCoyres bm’ avANTHpt ExacTos -

This line, which is perhaps an alternative for Il. 282-3

and may have once stood at the foot of a MS. page, is

omitted by many MSS!

240

SHIELD OF HERACLES

_ frolicking with dance and song, and others laughing

all in time with the flute player as they went along.

And the whole town was filled with mirth and

dance and festivity.

285 Others again were mounted on horseback and

galloping before the town. And there were plough-

men breaking up the good soil, clothed in tunics girt

up. Also there was a wide cornland and some men

were reaping with sharp hooks the stalks which

bended with the weight of the ears—as if they were

reaping Demeter’s grain: others were binding the

sheaves with bands and were spreading the threshing

floor. And some held reaping hooks and were gather-

ing the vintage, while others were taking from the

reapers into baskets white and black clusters from

the long rows of vines which were heavy with leaves

and tendrils of silver. Others again were gathering

them into baskets. Beside them was a row of vines

in gold, the splendid work of cunning Hephaestus:

it had shivering leaves and stakes of silver and was

laden with grapes which turned black.! And there

were men treading out the grapes and_ others

drawing off the liquor. Also there were men boxing

and wrestling, and huntsmen chasing swift hares

with a leash of sharp-toothed dogs before them, they

eager to catch the hares, and the hares eager to

escape.

Next to them were horsemen hard set, and they

contended and laboured for a prize. The charioteers

standing on their well-woven cars, urged on their

swift horses with loose rein ; the jointed cars flew

1 The existing text of the vineyard scene is a compound of

two different versions, clumsily adapted, and eked out with

some makeshift additions.

241

HESIOD

appara Korrnevt’, emt Oe TAHUVal wey avTEUY.

of ev ap aidLoy etxov Tovov ovoé TrOTE OU 310°

vikn ennvucOn, adr aKpitov eiyov adeOXov.

TOLOLY O€ TPOEKELTO LEAS TPLTTOS EVTOS AY@VOS,

VPUTELOS, KNUTA epya Tepippovos ‘Hoaiorouo.

“Apgi O truv peev ‘Oxeavos mAnOovTt é EOLKOS,

T av 6€ _TuVErXe gakoS TOAVoaloanor, of O€ KAT

avTov 315 | :

KUKVOL GEPTLTOTAL LEYAN HITVOV, Ot Pa TE TONDOL |

viyXOV ém7 akpov vowp? tapa & btxOves éxroO- |

VEOVTO.

Oadua idety cai Znvi BapuetiT@, ob Sia

Bovras

“Hoatotos TOLNTE TAKOS peya TE oTtBapov TE,

apo dpLEvos TANG HNC t. TO pev Aus GNKLLOS ViOS 320

WaNNEV eTLKPATews® emt oe immetou Gope didpou,

ELKENOS aT TEpOT TAT POs Atos airyvoxouo,

Kooga BiBas: TOO NVLOXOS KPATEpOS ‘LoAaos

dip pov érepBeBaws tOvvero Kap vXOV appa.

aryXiwoov dé oh HAGE Gea yave@res "AOnyn, 325

Kab opens Japcvvovea é emea TTEPOEVTA TPOTNVOA'

_Xaipere, Auyknos ryeven TNEKNELTOLO®

yov 67 Zevs KpaTos Dyes 61608 pandper ow aVaTOWV

Koxvov 7 efevapely Kat a7 0 KUTA TevYEa SUCAL.

ado 6€ Tol TL Emros épéw, meya. peprare Aaov 330

evr dy on Kuvxvov yucepiis aldvos APEPONS,

TOV pev €qrett avTou ALréew Kal TeEvXEa ToOLO,

autos 6€ BpotoXoyov "Apny ériovta dSoKevoas,

évOa Ke yupvobévta oaKeus UTro Sbatdoaréoo

See tons, vO? our dev o&eu KAKO 335

é dvaxdcoacat: émrel ov VU TOL aio (Mov Eo TLD

ote im7rous éX€ety OUTE KAVTA TEVYEA TOLO.

242

SHIELD OF HERACLES

along clattering and the naves of the wheels shrieked —

loudly. So they were engaged in an unending toil,

and the end with victory came never to them, and

the contest was ever unwon. And there was set out

for them within the course a great tripod of gold,

the splendid work of cunning Hephaestus.

And round the rim Ocean was flowing, with a full

stream as it seemed, and enclosed all the cunning

work of the shield. Over it swans were soaring and

calling loudly, and many others were swimming

upon the surface of the water; and near them were

- shoals of fish.

A wonderful thing the great strong shield was to

see—even for Zeus the Joud-thunderer, by whose will

_ Hephaestus made it and fitted it with his hands.

This shield the valiant son of Zeus wielded masterly,

and leaped upon his horse-chariot like the lightning

of his father Zeus who holds the aegis, moving

lithely. And his charioteer, strong lolaus, standing

upon the car, guided the curved chariot.

Then the goddess grey-eyed Athene came near

them and spoke winged words, encouraging them:

“ Hail, offspring of far-famed Lynceus! Even now

Zeus who reigns over the blessed gods gives you

power to slay Cycnus and to strip off his splendid

armour. Yet I will tell you something besides,

mightiest of the people. When you have robbed

Cycnus of sweet life, then leave him there and his

armour also, and you yourself watch man-slaying

Ares narrowly as he attacks, and wherever you shall

see him uncovered below his cunningly-wrought

shield, there wound him with your sharp spear.

Then draw back ; for it is not ordained that you

should take his horses or his splendid armour.”

243

HESIOD |

“Os eitroda’ és digpov éBno aro ota Jeawv,

vixny abavarys Xepo ty Kal KDOOS € éxouoa, |

écovpévas. ToTEe 07 p pa Ovoyvntos ‘ToAaos 340

opepdaneov v bam ovo Ly eKEKNETO® Tol O Um OmoKANS

ping’ Ede pov Door é dip joa. KOVLOVTES TrEdLOLO.

év yap ou pevOS ne Oca yavewres “AGH

airyio dvacoeicaca TEpla TOVAXNTE 6€ yaca.

Tol O avels TpoyevovT bicehou mupt ne Ovehhy, 345

Kv«vos on im 06a,[105 Kal “Apns aKOopnTos GUTS.

TOV im ou poev eres?” vTrevavTiot aXdaprowowy

ogela Xpemeoar, mepl 6é opiow AYVUTO NYO.

TOV TpOTEpos Tpoa éermre Bin “Hpaxhyetn:

Kuxve TwéTov, TL VU vaOLW é€miaxXeTOVY MKEaS

immous 350

avopaow, ot Te Tovou Kab otCvos ISprés ELMLED;

adda, mapee € exe dippov evEoov Hoe KehevO ov

eiKe mapeé t évas. Tpnxiva d€ ToL Tapedavvo

és Kynuxa dvaxta: 6 yap duvapt te Kal aidot

Tpnxtvos mpoBéBnxe, ct & ed para oicba Kal

' AUTOS" 355

TOU yap oTuLElS Talla OeutocTovony Kvava@T Lv.

@ TéTov, ov pwev yap Tor Apns Oavdtoto TeXevTHV

apkécet, et 61) vat cvVOLTOmEeOa TWTOAEMiCELD.

non pev Té & o t Kal adore mTetpnOnvat

On pév ré & nye pnd |

eyXeos TPETEPOD, 60° umep IlvAou 7} wa oevros 360

ayTios orn epelo, MaNNS oT Ov peveaivov.

Tpls pev EO UTO coupt TuTrels npeloaro yan

oUTapevov GAKEOS, TO O€ TET PAaToV praca pen pov

mavTl pevel omevow?, dua O€ peya capKos apag a

TpPNVNS 0) év Kovinot Xa pal Téoev eyXeos Oppn. 365

évOa Ke 61) NeoBnros € év aPavarougty ervxOn

vepoly Up nuetépnot AtTr@v évapa BporoerTa.

244

SHIELD OF HERACLES

So said the bright-eyed goddess and swiftly got up ———

into the car with victory and renown in her hands.

Then heaven-nurtured lIolaus called terribly to the

horses, and at his cry they swiftly whirled the fleet

chariot along, raising dust from the plain; for the

goddess bright-eyed Athene put mettle into them

by shaking her aegis. And the earth groaned all

round them. And they, horse-taming Cycnus and

Ares, insatiable in war, came on together like fire

or whirlwind. Then their horses neighed shrilly,

face to face; and the echo was shivered all round

them. And mighty Heracles spoke first and said to

that other :

“ Cyenus, good sir! Why, pray, do you set your

swift horses at us, men who are tried in labour and

pain? Nay, guide your fleet car aside and yield and

go out of the path. It is to Trachis I am driving on,

to Ceyx the king, who is the first in Trachis for

power and for honour, and that you yourself know

well, for you. have his daughter dark-eyed Themisti-

noé to wife. Fool! For Ares shall not deliver

you from the end of death, if we two meet together

in battle. Another time ere this I declare he has

made trial of my spear, when he defended sandy

Pylos and stood against me, fiercely longing for

fight. Thrice was he stricken by my spear and

dashed to earth, and his shield was pierced; but

the fourth time I struck his thigh, laying on with ali

my strength, and tare deep into his flesh. And he

fell headlong in the dust upon the ground through

the force of my spear-thrust; then truly he would

have been disgraced among the deathless. gods,

if by my hands he had left behind his bloody

spoils.”’

245

4

HESIOD

“Os épat’: ovS dpa Kuixvos évpperins éuevoiva

T@ etriTrerOopevos evéwev Epvtadpyatas imous.

5) ToT am evmrexéov Sidpwv Oopov aiW’ én

yatav | 370

mats te Atos weydXov Kat Kvvadio.o avaktos.

Hvioyot © éuTAnV EXacaV KaNALTPLYAS LIToOUS:

Tov 8 Uo cEevopévay Kavayile TOT evpeia YOov.

as 6 6T ad’ unAHs Kopudhs dpeos pmeyaXouo

TéTpat aToOp@aKwoLy, ér ANANANS OE TETwWOL, 375

TOANGL O€ OPUS dnp ecopor, TOANGL O€ TE TEVKAL

airyetpot Te TavUppLoe PHYyVUYTAL UT AvTEwY

pimpa KUMDOOMEDOY, eles medtovd abixovrar,

@s ob ém aANNNOLOL TéTOV peya KEKAYOVTES.

TAaca be Muppsdover TE TONS KdeTn T ‘Tawdxos 380

"Apvn T 70 ‘EXixn “AvOerd Te TOUNET oa.

povny UT " apporepov poeyan laxov: ov & aNAANTO

JeaTreaip cuvioay péya 8 éxtutre pnriera Zevs.

KauO 0 ap aT " obpavoley Widoas Bdrev-aipatoécoas,

oHpa TWels TONE LOLO &@ peyabapoes TALOL. 385

Glos 6’ év Bnoons dpeos Yaderos mpoider bar

KAT POS KAVALOOMY ppoveet Gup@ paxerac bat

avopact Onpevtijs, Onyer dé Te NEVKOV odovTa

doxuoders, ad pos ¢ mept TTOUA HATTLXOWDTL

Aci Bera, ¢ dace O€ Ob mupl LapreTowVre € €veTOV, — 390

op0as & év NodiH dpioces tpixas audi Te Serpyy

T@ ixeXos Atos vids ad’ imaetou Pope didpou.

HpLos O€ KAOEPP KUAVOTTEPOS NNETA TETTLE

ob epelopevos Oépos avpomorow aetOew

apXeTat, 4 @ TE TOTES Kab Bpacts Ofprus éépon, 395

Kab TE Tay {LE pLos TE Kal HOLOS eer avon

ides €v alvotate@, te Te ypoa LYeipros aber,

246

\ 2/7

THv Tp APayrTida KikXnoKov Geol arev €ovTes,

of \ \ { dee Saale / 3 / 4

KvBotav 6é Boos ToT ém@vupoy @vopacev Levs.

D.

Schol. on Huripides Phoen. 1116.

9 / J

Kat ot émioKotroyv Apryov tes KPaTEpOV TE LEyaV TE,

Tétpacw ob0arpolcw op@pevov évOa Kat évOa:

l

died par ov O¢ ol @poe Dea pév0s, Ovoe ol virvos

mim rev éml Breddpots, aor & éxyev si

atel.

272

AEGIMIUS

2: oes

The author of the Aegimius says in the second

book that Thetis used to throw the children she had

by Peleus into a cauldron of water, because she

wished to learn whether they were mortal. ... And

that after many had perished Peleus was annoyed,

and prevented her from throwing Achilles into the

cauldron.

ae

Hesiod and Acusilaus say that she (Io) was the

daughter of Peiren. While she was holding the office

of priestess of Hera, Zeus seduced her, and being

discovered by Hera, touched the girl and changed

her into a white cow, while he swore that he had no

intercourse with her. And so Hesiod says that oaths

touching the matter of love do not draw down anger

from the gods.

« And thereafter he ordained that an oath con-

cerning the secret deeds of the Cyprian should be

without penalty for men.”

4,

“(Zeus changed Io) in the fair island Abantis,

which the gods, who are eternally, used to call

Abantis aforetime, but Zeus then called it Euboea

after the cow.” !

-

5.

“And (Hera) set a watcher upon her (Io), great

and strong Argus, who with four eyes looks every

way. And the goddess stirred in him unwearying

strength: sleep never fell upon his eyes; but he kept

sure watch always.”

‘ Huboea properly means the ‘‘ Island of fine Cattle (or

Cows).”

273

HESIOD

6. |

Scholiast on Homer, Il. xxiv. 24. ’Apyerhovrnv

... Kata tovs “Horodov pvdovs tov Boveodov

lods épovevoev (Epps).

5k

Athenaeus, xi. p. 503 d. xat o Tov Airyipstov

moinaas, el8 “Hatodds éotiv ) Képxwws 0 Midn-

oLOS,

év0a tot gatas émov WuKTHpLov, 6pyape Nav.

8

Etym. Gen. “Hatodos b€é da TO TpLyh avTOvS ©

olKHaAL, |

f x / J

TAVTES O€ TPLYALKES KANEOVTAL,

TPLOGHVY OvVEKA Yalay Exas TATPNS EOacaVTO.

Tpia yap Enrrnvixa evn ths Kpnrns émoicjoa,

Ilexaoryovs, “Ayatovs, Awpietis. ots tpixaixas

KEKANKACL. | ;

INCERTAE SEDIS FRAGMENTA

iP

Diogenes Laertvus, vill. 1. 25.

Ovpavin & dp’ értxte Atvov modunpatoy vior,

Ov 67, Goot BpoToi etal aoLool Kal KWapioTai,

mavtes pev Opnvedow év citaTrivals TE Xopots TE,

apxopevos 6¢ Aivov Kal AnyovTes KaXéovaLV

Clement of Alexandria, Strom. i. p. 121.

TavToins coins SedankoTa.

2.

Schol. on Homer, Odyssey, iv. 232.

et ) AmroAXNwV DoiBos vréex Oavatoio cawoat

i avtos Llatnwy, ds arrdvtav dappaka oidev.

274

FRAGMENTS OF UNKNOWN POSITION

é | G. ce

«Slayer of Argus.” According to Hesiod’s tale

he (Hermes) slew (Argus) the herdsman of Io.

(s

And the author of the Aegimius, whether he is

| - Hesiod or Cercops of Miletus (says)

“There, some day, shall be my place of refresh-

ment, O leader of the people.”

8.

Hesiod (says they were so called) because they

settled in three groups: ‘ And they all were called

the Three-fold people, because they divided in three

the land far from their country.” For (he says) that

three Hellenic tribes settled in Crete, the Pelasgi,

_Achaeans and Dorians. And these have been called

Three-fold People.

FRAGMENTS OF UNKNOWN POSITION

7 "

‘So Urania bare Linus, a very lovely son: and him

all men who are singers and harpers do bewail at

feasts and dances, and as they begin and as they end

they call on Linus *« * « who was skilled in all

manner of wisdom.”

2.

“Unless Phoebus Apollo should save him from

death, or Paean himself who knows the remedies for

all things.”

275

fe

HESIOD

J. :

Clement of Alexandria, Protrept, c. vii. p. 21.

avTos yap wavT@y Bacirevs Kal Koipavos éaTL

adavatwv Té ot ov TLS EpnptaTal KPaTOS ANAOS.

4,

Anecd. Oxon (Cramer), i. p. 148.

dadpa Pedy waxdpov rrje bike se

D.

Clement of Alexandria, Strom. i. p. 123,

Move aap, ait avdpa mrorvdpadéovta Teetoe

Oéatriov avdnevra.

6.

Strabo, x. P. 471.

[Tar 5'| ovpecas Nvupdar Dear eeyevovto

Kal yéVvOS OUTLOAVOY LaTvpov Kal apunxavospyav

Koupnrés te Oeot duNorratypoves opynoTnpes.

te

Schol. on Apoll. Rhod. Arg. i. 824.

Jeaodpevos yeveny Kreodaiov cudariporo.

8.

Surdas, 8.0. ANKN.

aha pev yap ébmKev ‘Onda wos. Alaxidyor,

voov © ’ApuvOaovidats, wovTOV 6 érop’ "Atpeldnow.

Oe

Schol. on Homer, Iliad, xiii. 155.

THhoe yap aEvAin KaTeTTVOETO Ki)EA VNODY.

10;

Etymologicum Magnum.

ovKérte 61) Batvovaor Napots Toatv.

1d.

Schol. on Homer, Iliad, xxiv. 624.

OTTHTAV “Ev TPA@TA, Tepippadéws 5 EpvaoayTo.

276

FRAGMENTS OF UNKNOWN POSITION

: 3.

“For he alone is king and lord of all the undying Se

gods, and no other vies with him in power.”

4,

be (To cause ?) the gifts of the blessed gods to come

near to earth.”

rd,

“Of the Muses who make a man very wise,

marvellous in utterance.’ | ‘

6.

“But of them (sc. the daughters of Hecaterus)

were born the divine mountain Nymphs and the

tribe of worthless, helpless Satyrs, and the divine

Curetes, sportive dancers.” ?

i

“ Beseeching the offspring of glorious Cleodaeus.”

oe

“For the Olympian gave might to the sons of

Aeacus, and wisdom to the sons of Amythaon, and

wealth to the sons of Atreus.”’

hod 9: |

“ For through this lack of wood the timber of the

ships rotted.”

10.

“No longer do they walk with delicate feet.”

ine

“First of all they roasted (pieces of meat), and

drew them carefully off the spits.”

| 277

HESIOD

12:

Chrysippus, Fragg. ii. 254. 11.

Tov yap aéEeto Oupos evi otnecor pirorow.

13.

55 1d:

—olov évi oti Perot KoAov Ovparyé Exovaa.

14.

Strabo, vii. p. 327. |

Awsarvny dyyov te, Tetacyav Edpavov, jev.

2 15. )

Anecd. Oxon (Cramer), iii. p. 318. not.

mTisaons Te Ovodephs Kal KéOpov VNAEL KATY.

! 16.

Schol. on Apoll. Rhod. Arg. i. 757.

autos © év mAnopunot SuTetéos ToTapoio.

bes

Stephanus of Byzantium, IapOénos.

@> adkada Tpopéwv ws aBpn TapOévos Eiow.

18.

Schol. on Theocritus, xi. 75.

VNTLOS, OT TLS ETOLLA ALTOV GVETOLMLA OLOKEL.

19,

Harpocration.

épya véwy, Bovral 5é wécwr, evyal dé yepovTav.

20.

Porphyr, On Abstinence, ii. 18. p. 134.

@>S KE TOMS péCnat, vouos 8 apyatos apioTos.

21.

Schol. on Nicander,'Theriaca, 452.

Vpn O€ o¢ TaTplL... KTiNOV empevat.

278

FRAGMENTS OF UNKNOWN POSITION

12

“For his spirit increased in his dear breast.”’

: 13.

“With such heart-grieving anger in her breast.”

. 14,

“He went to Dodona and the oak-grove, the

dwelling place of the Pelasgi.”’

15.

“© With the pitiless smoke of black pitch and of

cedar.”

16.

“ But he himself i in the swelling tide of the rain-

swollen river.’

17.

(The river) Parthenius

«“ Flowing as softly as a dainty maiden goes.”

18.

“Foolish the man who leaves what he has, and

follows after what he has not.”

TD.

“The deeds of the young, the counsels of the

middle-aged, and the prayers of the aged.”’

20.

“ Howsoever the city does sacrifice, the ancient

custom is best.”’

2D.

“ But you should be gentle towards your father.”

| 2719

HESIOD ‘

22.

Plato, Epist. xi. 358.

O €LTrOVTOS pev ejLEto

hatnrov Kev d0keev Euev, YaXeTrov O€ vonaar.

23.

Bacchylides, v. 191-3. Botwtos avnp Tade

pov| noev yruvKetav | |‘ Hoiodos mporroxos | Movoar,

ov aOdvato TLw@ct, TovT@ | Kat BpoTav

dnpav él ecOar.

FRAGMENTA DUBIA

bh.

Galen, de plac. Hipp. et Plat. i. 266. 7.

Kat TOTE 69 oTNOéwv "APdua dpévas e&éXeTO Zevs.

2.

Schol. on Homer, Od. vii. 104.

ANETPEVOVGL [LUANS ETL MNAOTA KAPTTOV.

3.

Schol. on Pindar, Nem. i. 1.

év AnX@ TOTe TpwToV éyw Kal” Opnpos aordol

peéNTropev, Ev veapots Uuvots padrvavTes aoLony,

Pot Bov “Amrod\N@va ypvadopor, ov Téxe Anta,

4.

Julian, Misopogon, p. 369 B.

YaNeTros 0° emt Spaywats Atmos.

5.

Servius on Vergil, Aen. iv. 484. Hesiodus has

Hesperidas .. . Noctis filias ultra Oceanum mala

aurea habuisse dicit. |

Aiyrn 7 40° "Epv0ea cal “KomepéOovea Boots.

1 Cf, Scholion on Clement, Protrept. i. p. 302.

280

DOUBTFUL FRAGMENTS

29.

“ And if I said this, it would seem a poor thing

and hard to understand.”’

25.

Thus spake the Boeotian, even Hesiod,! servant

of the sweet Muses: “whomsoever the immortals

honour, the good report of mortals also followeth

him,”

DOUBTFUL FRAGMENTS

]

“* Anp then it was Zeus took away sense from the

heart of Athamas.”

2.

“ They grind the yellow grain at the mill.”

3.

“Then first in Delos did I and Homer, singers

both, raise our strain—stitching song in new hymns—

Phoebus Apollo with the golden sword, whom Leto

bare.”’

4.

“ But starvation on a handful is a cruel thing.”

5.

Hesiod says that these Hesperides . . . , daughters

of Night, guarded the golden apples beyond Ocean.

** Aegle and Erythea and ox-eyed Hesperethusa.”’

1 cp. Hes. Theog. 81 ff. But Theognis 169, ‘“‘ Whomso

the gods honour, even a man inclined to blame praiseth him,”

is much nearer.

281

HESIOD

6.

Plato, Republic, iii. 390 #.

Sapa Oeovs TreiPer, dHp aidoious BactrAHas.

te

Clement of Alexandria, Strom. v. p. 256.

éEBSopatyn & adtis Naumpov pdaos nertLovo.

ot

Apollonius, Lex. Hom. Pot Bos.

hotBov bdwp éraywv Képad ‘OKeavoio poner.

s),

Stephanus of Byzantium.

"AotAndav Krtpevos te cat Apdidoxos Oeoedns.

10.

Schol. on Pindar, Nem. ii. 64.

Terapov akopntos avtis

NMETEPOLS ETAPOLOL hows TPwTLATOS EONKE

KTeivas avoporeTetpayv auountov Medavirrrnp,

avTOKacLyYnTHY Kpvool@Vvolo avacons.

1 This line may once have been read in the text of Works

and Days after |. 771.

282

DOUBTFUL FRAGMENTS

6.

“Gifts move the gods, gifts move worshipful

princes.”

&

“On the seventh day again the bright light of the

SU...

8.

“He brought pure water and mixed it with

- QOcean’s streams.”

9.

“ Aspledon and Clymenus and god-like Amphi-

docus”’ (sons of Orchomenus).

10.

“Telamon never sated with battle-first brought

light to our comrades by slaying blameless Melanippe,

destroyer of men, own sister of the golden-girdled

queen.

283

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fit iw ; in a fysy vin :

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HOMERIC HYMNS

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Kucapéevnv Yewérnv Texéerv Aci TepTrikepavve’

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Wevddpevor: o6 © étixTEe TaTHp avopav TE Dewy TE

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auBpootar oO dpa YaiTas éreppw@oavTo avaKTOS

J \

xkpatos amt adavdtoo: péeyav & édedEev "OXvp-

TOV. . 15

1 ]1, 1-9 are preserved by Diodorus Siculus iii. 66. 3;

ll. 10-21 are extant only in M.

286

I

TO DIONYSUS

* * * e

For some say, at Dracanum ; and some, on windy

' Tearus; and some, in Naxos, O Heaven-born,

Insewn!; and others by the deep-eddying river

Alpheus that pregnant Semele bare you to Zeus the

thunder-lover. And others yet, lord, say you were

born in Thebes; but all these lie. The Father of

men and gods gave you birth remote from men and

secretly from white-armed Hera. There is a certain

Nysa, a mountain most high and richly grown with

woods, far off in Phoenice, near the streams of

Aegyptus

%

% % *

“and men will lay up for her? many offerings in her

shrines. And as these things are three,’ so shall

mortals ever sacrifice perfect hecatombs to you at

your feasts each three years.”

The Son of Cronos spoke and nodded with his

dark brows. And the divine locks of the king flowed

forward from his immortal head, and he made great

1 Dionysus, after his untimely birth from Semele, was

sewn into the thigh of Zeus.

2 sc. Semele. Zeus is here speaking.

* The reference is apparently to something in the body of

the hymn, now lost.

287

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

> eltm@v érévevoe Kapynate pyntieta Levs.

"In, eipadidta, yuvatpavés ot S€ & aoLdot

GOomeV ApYomevor ANYOVTES T* OVOE TH ETTL

asd 3» J is an A > A

oet ereAnO omer : Lepijs pepvijo Cas aoudiis.

Kal ov pev ovTw Yaipe, Alwyva eipadiora, 20

avy mntpl Leuern, Hv TEep Kadéovat Ovavyp.

II

EIy AHMHTPAN

Anuntp’ NUKOMLOV, TELVNV Oeov, a adpxowe deloety,

avTny noe OvyaTpa tavba pupor, iy "Ardwveds

iprager, O@Kev O€ BapvcruTos evpvorra ZLevs,

yoo pu Anuntpos xpueacpou, ayNaokapTrov,

matfovcay Koupyot ouv ‘Oceavod BabuKonmous 5

dvlea T atvupevnv, poda Kai KpoKoy HO ia KANG

Netwav’ dip pahaKov Kal ayadrloas HO vaxw Gov

yapKeoo ov 0’, bv hice SorXov KaduK@TLOL KOPN

Tata Atos Bounijoe xapebomenn Tlodudéera,

Gavpactov yavowvTa: oéBas TO ye TAacW ioéaOat 10

alavarors Te Oeots 06 Ovntots av porots’

TOU Kal aro pilns éxaTov Kapa eferrepuner’

Kot” HOOT oom,” Tas T ovpaves evpus UmepOev

yatéd te mao éyékacce Kal adpupov oldoua

Gahacons.

i 0 a apa dapPSnoac @peEaTo xepo ly di dpupeo 15

ame abupywa NaBeiv: Yadve dé yOwv evpyayuta

1 Allen: émaAadduevor, M. 2 Tyrrell: «@dis 7° 6847, M.

288

Il.—TO DEMETER, 1-16

Olympus reel. So spake wise Zeus and ordained it

with a nod.

Be favourable, O Insewn, Inspirer of frenzied

women ! we singers sing of you as we begin and as

we end a strain, and none forgetting you may call

holy song to mind. And so, farewell, Dionysus,

Insewn, with your other Soncle com men call

Thyone.

I]

: TO DEMETER

I Bein to sing of rich-haired Demeter, awful god-

dess—of her and her trim-ankled daughter whom

Aidoneus rapt away, given to him by all-seeing Zeus

the loud-thunderer.

Apart from Demeter, lady of the golden sword

and glorious fruits, she was playing with the deep-

bosomed daughters of Oceanus and gathering flowers

over a soft meadow, roses and crocuses and beautiful

violets, irises also and hyacinths and the narcissus,

which Earth made to grow at the will of Zeus and to

please the Host of Many, to be a snare for the bioom-

like girl—a marvellous, radiant flower. It was a

thing of awe whether for deathless gods or mortal

men to see: from its root grew a hundred blooms

and it smelled most sweetly, so that all wide heaven

above and the whole earth and the sea’s salt swell

laughed for joy. Andthe girl was amazed and

reached out with both hands to take the lovely toy ;

but the wide-pathed earth yawned there in the plain

289

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Nivctov dp trediov, TH dpovoev avaké loAvdéypov

i b) / / , es

immo aVavatotor, Kpovou trodkv@vupos vios.

‘Aprraéas & déxovcay émi ypvoéotow oxXotow

Ay oropupopéevny: taynoe 0 ap dplta povy, 20 I

Nps 14 , |

KexAopern tratépa Kpovidny tratov Kal aptoTov.

b) / b] / 3 Ny la b) ,

ovodé Tis ABavatarv ovde OvnTtav avOpaTav

HKOVoEV Hovis, ovd ayNaoKkapTror éhalatt

b) \ / / b) 2) /

et un Ilepoatov Ouvyatnp atara dpovéovea |

duev €& dvTpov, Exatn ATapoKpNHoEpvos, 25

"Héru0s Te dvak&, ‘Tarepiovos ayXaos vios, :

Koupns KexNopevns matépa Kpovidny: 0 6é€ vooduy

e A ? / / a aaN fal

hoto Oewy amravevOe ToAVAALTTH Evi VN,

déypevos tepa KaNa Tapa OvnTtav avOparav. |

\ P iemme J o) \ b) ,

Thy © aexalopevny rryev Atos évvecinat 30.

Tatpokactyvntos, Lloxvonuavtwp Morudéeypor,

C/ 3 ifs he , ees

immows alavatotct, Kpovov modkv@vupos vLOs.

"Odpa pev obv yalav Te Kal ovpavoy daTepoevTa

n / -

Nedooe Dea Kal ToVvTOV ayappoov tyOvoevTa

3 eh 2 apant 7: Ny Reel. f \

avyas T Hertov, ETL O HATETO MNTEPA KEOVNV 35 ff

dwec Oar kal ddra Oewy aieryevetawy, |

/ Cue \ By4 A / 3 z

Toppa ol €ATTIs EOeMye eyav Voov ayvupmevys Trep:

** * x *

nynoav & opéwy xopudal cat BévOea movtou

ne bee) / n pS, / /

dovn vr alavaty tis & éxdve TOTVLA HTN.

"Of S€ pv Kpadinv adxos édraBev, apd dé

VAtTaLs 40 |

auBpociais Kpndeuva daifeto yepat pirnor,

290

l.—TO DEMETER, 17-41

of Nysa, and the lord, Host of Many, with his'im- ~~

mortal horses sprang out upon her—the Son of

Cronos, He who has many names.!

He caught her up reluctant on his golden car and

bare her away lamenting. Then she cried out shrilly

with her voice, calling upon her father, the Son of

Cronos, who is most high and excellent. But no one,

either of the deathless gods or of mortal men, heard

her voice, nor yet the olive-trees bearing rich fruit:

only tender-hearted Hecate, bright-coitfed, the

daughter of Persaeus, heard the girl from her cave,

_and the lord Helios, Hyperion’s bright son, as she

cried to her father, the Son of Cronos. But he was

sitting aloof, apart from the gods, in his temple

where many pray, and receiving sweet offerings from

mortal men. So he, that Son of Cronos, of many

names, who is Ruler of Many and Host of Many,

was ‘bearing her away by leave of Zeus on his

immortal chariot—his own brother's child and all

unwilling.

And so long as she, the goddess, yet beheld earth

and starry heaven and the strong-flowing sea where

fishes shoal, and the rays of the sun, and still hoped

to see her dear mother and the tribes of the eternal

gods, so long hope calmed her great heart for all her

trouble. .. . and the heights of the mountains and

the depths of the sea rang with her immortal voice :

and her queenly mother heard her.

Bitter pain seized her heart, and she rent the

covering upon her divine hair with her dear hands:

1 The Greeks feared to name Pluto directly and mentioned

him by one of many descriptive titles, such as ‘‘ Host of

Many”: compare the Christian use of 6 dié8oA0s or our

‘* Evil One.”

201

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Kuaveov dé Kahu Kar apporépav Barer’ Onan,

cevato Oo OOT olwvos, éml Tpapepny TE Kai LYPHV

paropevyn’ THO ovTIs éTHTVPA puOncacbaL

nOerev ovTE Oewv ovte OvnTtav avOpeTar,

OUT olw@VaYV TLS TH ETHTULOS Ayyeros HAGEv.

évv wap pev eTelTa KATA XG ova. ToT YLA Anew

oTpapar aidomevas daidas META VEpoly EYouca,

ovoe TOT apuBpooins Kab VEKTAPOS OUTFOTOLO

Tao oar KNX EMEVN, ove ypoa BddXeTo AouTpois.

Gd O76 on O€KATN OL em rude pawonris NOS;

TVTETO ot ‘Exarn, cehas év Xelpecow éexouoa

Kab pa ol ayyenéouca éTros Pato povng ey Te"

Tlorvia Anunrnp, pn hope, aryN.aodwpe,

Tos Jeav ovpavier ne unr av avbparov

HPTATE Mepoepovny Kat cov pidov neaye Ovpov;

povis yap NKOUC » , aTap OvK Loop oplarpoiow,

OoTLS env: cold @Ka AEyo vnMEpTed TAaVvTa.

"Qs ap p ebn ‘Exatn: thy & ov nuetBeto wv0@

‘Petns 7 cee OuyatTnp, GAN @Ka ov AUTH

mE atOopévas daidas peta Yepalv Exovaa.

“‘He)voy o ixovto, Oeav o KOT OV 706 Kal avopor,

otav 0 immov mpom apowb Ka epee: dia Cedwv:

"Hehe ; aidercat [Le Oeav ov TEP»! él ToTe 67 GEV

nH é erred i) Epy” Kpaoinyv Kab Gupor i inva:

Koupny THY eTEKOD, yuKepov Odnos, eldei evopiy,

THs adi OT dKxovea Ou ai épos aT pUYyeTOLO

wate Bualopévyns, aTap ovK loov obbarpotow.

add, oD yap On Tacav éml yOdva Kal KaTAa TOD-

TOV

aibépos € éx Oins KATAOEPKEAL d axTived at,

vnmepTéws por eviaTe hirov TéKOS, el TOU OT wTAs,

Ludwich: @éas trep, M.

292

50°

55

65

70 |

l.—TO DEMETER, 42-71

her dark cloak she cast down from both her shoulders

and sped, like a wild-bird, over the firm land and

yielding sea, seeking her child. But no one would

tell her the truth, neither god nor mortal man; and

of the birds of omen none came with true news for

her. Then for nine days queenly Deo wandered over

the earth with flaming torches in her hands, so grieved

that she never tasted ambrosia and the sweet

draught of nectar, nor sprinkled her body with

water. But when the tenth enlightening dawn had

come, Hecate, with a torch in her hands, met her,

and spoke to her and told her news:

“Queenly Demeter, bringer of seasons and giver

of good gifts, what god of heaven or what mortal

man has rapt away Persephone and pierced with

sorrow your dear heart? For I heard her voice, yet

saw not with my eyes who it was. But I tell you

truly and shortly all I know.”

So, then, said Hecate. And the daughter of rich-

haired Rhea answered her not, but sped swiftly with

her, hoiding flaming torches in her hands. So they

came to Helios, who is watchman of both gods and

men, and stood in front of his horses : and the bright

goddess enquired of him: “ Helios, do you at least

regard me, goddess as I am, if ever by word or deed of

mine I have cheered your heart and spirit. Through

the fruitless air I heard the thrilling cry of my

daughter whom I bare, sweet scion of my body and

lovely in form, as of one seized violently ; though

with my eyes I saw nothing. But you—for with

your beams you look down from the bright upper air

over all the earth and sea—tell me truly of my dear

ie,

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ef / ae) a \ LF b) /

OoTLs Voodly EpmEeto NAB@V aéKoVoaY avayKy

olyetar née Oedy H Kai Ovntav avOparav.

“Os dato: thy & “Trrepsovidyns nuetBeTto wv0@:

oP , b] Id Q ‘é A J BA 15

eins nuxopov Ovyatep, Anuntep avacaa,

> , \ \ J x of xQd 9 /

elonaers’ On yap méeya o aCopmat nO édeatpw

bd) J \ \ / 3 VA A

AXVUMEVNY TEPt TALOL TaVUahUP®: OUVOE TLS AAXOS

ay > / d \ / /

aittos abavatay, e¢ un vehernyepeta Zeus,

bs pv GOK 'Atdn Carepny KexrAHoOar aKorTLW

b) i A Dae \ 4 3 /

avtoKaciyynto: 68 vo Codov nepoevta 80

aptaéas irmo.ow ayev peyara tdyoucav. | i

5) / / / / / aS fsa et \ oe

aNNA, Jed, KaTATraVE meyaV Yyoov" OVE TL TE YPH

\ >” > ov os e ise \

pay aAVTwWS ATANHTOV EXELY YONOV: OV TOL AELKNS

\ 5) b) / 4 9 Z.

—yauBpos év aBavatows Wodvonuayvtap ‘Atdaveds,

avTOKATLYYNTOS Kat omoomopos: audi be Tewny 83

ehhayev @S Ta bie ovat pixa Sac wos er vxOn,

TOUS peTavaveT dewy,! TOV eARaXe Kobpavos Elva.

“Os etrr@v tmroiow éxéxXeTo: Tol & UT GmoKANS

Cf Ul N ef / ef 3 3 /

piuda dhépov Ooov dpya TavUTTEpoL MOT OL@vVOi.

Thy & ayxos atvotepoy Kai KbvTepoy ixeTo Ovprov: 90

/ Or 4 J, UM

vooauevy on eTErTAa KedXaLvedet Kpoviwvt

A ae oY 3 \ \ A by

voodiaGetaa Oew@y ayopny Kat waxpov "OXvpTrov

@yeT et avOpoTav Todas Kal Tlova Epya

Sd. > BA \ / Qs b) fal

El00S AUANOVVOVGA TOAVY KPoVOY" OVOE TLS aVOPOV

etc opowy ylyvwoKxe Babvlovev Te yuvarkor, 95

if 2 ich \ n 4a e/ n

mptv y OTe 617) Kereoio daidpovos txeTo d@pa,

ra bbe oede i a J / 5

ds TOT EnXevotvos Ouvoécans Koipavos ev.

c/ SS \ ig a VA J 5

éeto O éyyvs odoto hidrov TeTLnMEVY HTOP,

IlapGeviw ppéate, 60ev UdpevovTo ToXiTat,

1 Puntoni: werd vaterar, M.

294

Il.—TO DEMETER, 72-99

child, if you have seen her anywhere, what god or

mortal man has violently seized her against her will

and mine, and so made off.”’

So said she. And the Son of Hyperion answered

her: “Queen Demeter, daughter of rich-haired Rhea,

I will tell you the truth; for I greatly reverence and

pity you in your grief for your trim-ankled daughter.

None other of the deathless gods is to blame, but

only cloud-gathering Zeus who gave her to Hades,

her father’s brother, to be called his buxom wife.

And Hades seized her and took her loudly crying in

his chariot down to his realm of mist and gloom.

Yet, goddess, cease your loud lament and keep not

vain anger unrelentingly: Aidoneus, the Ruler of

Many, is no unfitting husband among the deathless

gods for your child, being your own brother and born

of the same stock : also, for honour, he has that third

share which he received when division was made at

the first, and is appointed lord of those among whom

he dwells.”’

So he spake, and called to his horses: and at his

chiding they quickly whirled the swift chariot along,

like long-winged birds.

But grief yet more terrible and savage came into

the heart of Demeter, and thereafter she was so an-

gered with the dark-clouded Son of Cronos that she

avoided the gathering of the gods and high Olympus,

and went to the towns and rich fields of men, dis-

figuring her form a jong while. And no one of men

or deep-bosomed women knew her when they saw

her, until she came to the house of wise Celeus who

then was lord of fragrant Eleusis. Vexed in her dear

heart, she sat near the wayside by the Maiden Well,

from which the women of the place were used to

295

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

év KU, avuTap Smrepbe mepbnel Oapvos éeains, 100

vpn Tararyevés evariyKlos, }TE TOKOLO

elprynTae da@pav Te prroorepavou ‘Ag podirns,

oial TE Tpopot ELOL OepeoroTroh@y Bacidnav

Taidov Kal Taplar KaTa SOMATA HYHEVTA.

THY oe iSov Keneoio ‘Endevowidao Ouyarpes 105 |

EpNopevae pe? Vdwp eUNPUTOD, oppa pépovev :

KaNTUot Karneinou pira ™pos oopara TATPOS,

Téa oapes, ore eat, KoupnLov avOos € exoveat,

Karnr1dixy Kat Krevordixn Ano T _epoeaaa |

Kad\Oon ie ) TOV TpoyeverTaTn Hey aTac@v: 110

ov0 eyvov"t Xanrerrot dé eot Ounrotaty opacbat.

ayxod O loTapevaus eTrea TTEPOEVTA T poonvuowy:

Tis modev é erat, YpHUs TONAL EV EDL avO poTrov;

TIMTE O€ VOTE TONNOS am ETTLXES, ovoe Sopoue

Tidvacar; ev0a YUVALKES ava peyapa TKLOEVTA 115

TIM Ka, OS TU TEP ade Kal om)orTepat ryeyaacur,

at Ké oe pikavrar npev eres NOE KAL epye.

"Qs epav y & éméerow apet Ber o ToTva Oedwv:

TeKVO Pir’, ai TLVES EOTE YUVALKOV Onhutepawy,

Kaiper eyo & vptiy pvOncopar: ov Tot aekeés —:120

Dev eipopenno vy ann bea pvdnoac ba.

Awcw? éuot y dvow éoti: To yap 0éTo ToTMA

ENT ND.

VUV AUTE Kpnrnéev € eT evpea vara Jaracons

HAVO OV OvK eehouca, Bin & déxovoay QVaYKN

dvopes AqLaThpes amryyayov. ol pmev errerTa 7) 125

vat Gon Oopucovoe kateaxebov, evda yuvaixes

NTELPOU em éBno av GOANEES He Kab avrot,

OelTrvOVv T em NPTUVOVTO mapa MpUmYr oa vnos”

adn éuol ov dSdprroto perippovos Hpato Ovpos*

1 Cobet: éyvwv, M. 2 Passow.: Ads, M.

296

Ii.—TO DEMETER, too-129

draw water, in a shady place over which grew an

olive shrub. And she was like an ancient woman

who is cut off from childbearing and the gifts of

-garland-loving Aphrodite, like the nurses of king’s

children who deal justice, or like the house-keepers

in their echoing halls. There the daughters of

Celeus, son of Eleusis, saw her, as they were coming

for easy-drawn water, to carry it in pitchers of bronze

to their dear father’s house: four were they and like

goddesses in the flower of their girlhood, Callidice

and Cleisidice and lovely Demo and Callithoé who

was the eldest of them all. They knew her not,

_—for the gods are not easily discerned by mortals—,

but standing near by her spoke winged words :

“ Old mother, whence and who are you of folk

born long ago? Why are you gone away from the

city and do not draw near the houses? For there

in the shady halls are women of just such age as

you, and others younger ; and they would welcome

_ you both by word and by deed.”

Thus they said. And she, that queen among

goddesses answered them saying: “ Hail, dear chil-

dren, whosoever you are of woman-kind. I will tell

you my story ; for it is not unseemly that I should

tell you truly what you ask. Doso is my name, for

my stately mother gave it me. And now I am come

from Crete over thé sea’s wide back,—not willingly ;

but pirates brought me thence by force of strength

against my liking. Afterwards they put in with

their swift craft to Thoricus, and there the women

landed on the shore in full throng and the men

likewise, and they began to make ready a meal

by the stern-cables of the ship. But my heart

craved not pleasant food, and I fled secretly across

297

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

AdOpn O oppnbeioa bu 1) Tel pov peNatvns 130

pedyov UTEpPLahous onpayropas, oppa KE LM pe

com puaTmy Tepac avres emis ATOVALATO TLLHS.

oT @ devdp. v0 pV ddan MEVN, ovee TL oida,

y TLS on yet eoTL Kab ob TLVES eyyeyaacw.

GXN’ Upiv wey TaVTES ‘Onwprria Somat eéxovtes 135

OoleVv Kouptdious avopas, Kat Texva Texea Oat,

ws €0éXovct Toes: ewe 8 avT oiKTElpaTe, KOUpAL.

[ rodTO O€ jor capews vToOnnare, oppa Tvdowat, eba374

Tpoppovews, dita Téxva, Téwov mpos Sonat —

CKO Lae |

aVEPOS NOE YUVvarKos, iva a optow epyalopau

Tpodpwv, ota YUVaLKOS APHALKOS € épya TeTUKTaL’ 140

Kal Kev TALOa vEeoyvov ey ayKow now éyouca

Kana TeOnvotwny Kal O@MaTa TNH QL fut

Kab Ke A€EKOS TTOPET ALL pux@ Oarapov EUTIKTOV

Beaouven calle’ Epya OLOATKHTALLL YUVALKaS.

© fa Ded thv 8 avtix apetBeto Twapbévos

AOmNs, 145

Karnridicn, Keheoio Ouyatpav eLO0s apiorn:

Maia, Jeav pwev 6@pa kal axvopevol TEP avayey

TéeTa MeV avOpamoe 67 yap Todw PEpTEpot LOL.

TavTa O€ ToL aapews DrroOyaopau nO ovo paver

avépas ola emeoT péya Kpatos évOdbe TyuAsS —«150

67 mou TE mpovxova ty ide€ Kpndepwa TONNOS

eipvarar Bovrjat kal Weinat diknow:

uev ToumrTorguov truxtprdeos 75¢ Avdkdov

0€ ITorvgetvou | Kab GLU MLOVOS Edporzrovo

Kab Aodixou Kat TATPOS BY NVOPOS MET EpoLo, 155

TOV TaVvTOV GOK Ot Kara Samara mopratvoua

TUWY OUK AV TIS TE KATA TPOTLOTOV OT@T HD

i Allen.

298

Il.—TO DEMETER, 130-157

the dark country and escaped my masters, that

they should not take me unpurchased across the

sea, there to win a price for me. And soI wandered

and am come here: and | know not at all what land

this is or what people are in it. But may ail those

who dwell on Olympus give you husbands and_ birth

of children as parents desire, so you take pity on me,

maidens, and show me this clearly that I may learn,

- dear children, to the house of what man and woman

I may go, to work for them cheerfully at such tasks

- as belong to a woman of my age. Well could I nurse

a new born child, holding him in my arms, or keep

house, or spread my masters’ bed in a recess of

the well-built chamber, or teach the women their

work.” |

So said the goddess. And straightway the unwed

maiden Callidice, goodliest in form of the daughters

of Celeus, answered her and said :

“ Mother, what the gods send us, we mortals bear

perforce, although we suffer; for they are much

stronger than we. But now I will teach you

clearly, telling you the names of men who have

great power and honour here and are chief among

the people, guarding our city’s coif of towers by

their wisdom and true judgements: there is wise

Triptolemus and Dioclus and Polyxeinus and blame-

less EKumolpus and Dolichus and our own brave

father. Ail these have wives who manage in

the house, and no‘ one of them, so soon as she

299

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Eld0s aTLLNOATa OOMoV arrovor pian even,

aNAd OE defovTau 67 yap Ococixedos € EooL.

et O eOeneus, emipewon, (Va Tpos dopara Tatpos 160

EN w Lev Kal pnt pl Babvlave Meraveipn |

eT @ [Lev Ta0E TAaVTa Svapmepés, al Keo avoyn

TMETEPOVO. ceva pene ad dov Sopar épevvar.

TNAUVYETOS d€ of vLos évi peyape EUT RTD |

owpiryovos TpepeTas, TONUEVETOS dom ao vos TE. 165

él TOV re ex 0 pevra.to Kal HES MeTpov LKOLTO, |

pela Ke Tis ce idodca YUvarKeay OnXuTEpadav |

poo ai TOTa Kev TOU aro Operrnpia doin.

“Os éfal” 1) oO érévevoe kapnate tal dé daewa ii

TANT AMLEVAL casi pépov ayyea xvdedovaat. 170. \\)

piuda € matpos txovtTo péyayv Sopov, @xa 6é

\

MNT pl

ee / e SQ/ ‘Na bd A \ eh aR a

EVVETTOV, WS ELOOV TE KAL EKAVOV. 1% be "Lar OKA

b) / NEY A a p Jie lh Le A

eMGovoas. exeheve Ka dew em amelpovt peo.

ai © OoT n éhadot 7 TOpT Les elapos Opn

Edrovt? av Nermava KOpEero duevae ppéva eas 175

Os at eTLaX OMeEvat EAVOV TTUKAS (Me poevT@V

negav KolAnY KaT apakéiTov’ appl d€ YalTaL

@ Lous dig covTo Kpoknio avOer opotar.

TET MOV o eyyus 0600 kvopny Oeov, &vOa _Tapos ep

KaNNLTOV’ avTap éTerta dirov! mpos dopara

TAT pos 180

> / f 9

Hryedve no ap OmtoOe pirov TeTINMEVN WTOP

oTeiye KaTa Kpnlev Kexadtuppéevn apdi oé

TéT NOS

/ ¢€ a a b) la /

xkuaveos padwotot Geas édedtGeTo Toco.

tA 2G n

Aira 6€ dopa’ ixovto diotpepéos Kedeoio,

\ \ rabalie) / ” , / /

Bav &ێ ds atCovons, ev0a chicas TOTVLA wHTHP 185

1 Matthiae; gira, M,

300

Il.—TO DEMETER, 158-185

had seen you, would dishonour you and turn you

from the house; but they will welcome you; for

indeed you are godlike. But if you will, stay here;

’ and we will go to our father’s house and tell Metan-

eira, our deep-bosomed mother, all this matter fully,

that she may bid you rather come to our home than

search after the houses of others. She has an only

son, late-born, who is being nursed in our well-built

house, a child of many prayers and welcome: if you

could bring him up until he reached the full measure

of youth, any one of womankind who should see you

would straightway envy you, such gifts would our

mother give for his upbringing.”

_ So she spake: and the goddess bowed her head in

assent. And they filled their shining vessels with

water and carried them off rejoicing. Quickly they

came to their father’s great house and straightway

told their mother according as they had heard and

seen. Then she bade them go with all speed and

invite the stranger to come for a measureless hire.

As hinds or heifers in spring time, when sated with

pasture, bound about a meadow, so they, holding up

the folds of their lovely garments, darted down the

hollow path, and their hair like a crocus flower

streamed about their shoulders. And they found

the good goddess near the wayside where they had

left her before, and led her to the house of their

dear father. And she walked behind, distressed in

her dear heart, with her head veiled and wearing a

dark cloak which waved about the slender feet of the

goddess. |

Soon they came to the house of heaven-nurtured

Celeus and went through the portico to where their

301

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Aoto Tapa oTaO mov TéyEeos TUKA TrOLNTOLO

mais’ vmod KoAT@ éyovca, véov Oddos' al dé Tap

auTny

gSpamov: 1) © dp’ ém ovoov én mool Kat pa

Heh al pov

Kdpe Kapn, wrHoev Sé Odpas cédaos Oetovo.

THV Oo aides Te aéBas TE toe Xo pov dé05 eiAev: 190

ei&e O€ of KALTpOLO Kal édptdacBat avayeV.

arn’ ov Anuntnp cpnpopos, ayaddwpos,

nOerev edprdacbas éri KALO polo paeLvod,

ANN’ akéovT ve pL jive KaT Oupata kara Panrovoa,

7 pt mi bre On ot GOnKev "TéuBn Keoy eloula 195

KT OV édos, cadumeple S ér dpytdeov Bare

KAS.

évba KabeComéevn TPOKATET ETO XEpot Kahomr pny’

Onpov & apboyyos TETLN [EVN HOT emt dip pou,

ovoé TLY OUT emret \TpooTTVGCETO OUTE TL epye,

aN ayéXacTtos, aTacTos éOnTVOs HOe TOTHTOS 200

HjoT0 Tobe pwvdovea Babvlwvovo Juyatpos,

Tp v8 OTE 67 Xevns pee TauBy Keoy eloula

TONNA TapacKon Tove éTpeyaro TOTVLAV ayyny,

peLona at yerdoar TE Kal tNaOV aye Oupov

i) On Ol Kal &TrELTa pel vo TEpov eVAOED O opryais. 205

ae dé demas Meraverpa 6tdou Hedundé€os oivov

TAHTAG i) O aveéveva’> ov yap Oepurov Ol epace

TiVElv OLVOV epuOpov: dveorye o ap ane Kat Vdwp

dobvar piEacav TLE eV yryxove Tepetivn.

ty d€ KuKew TevEaca Hed Tropevr, ws exENEVE" 210

Seen © oains évexev TorvTrotvia Anew

* XK x *

302

Il.—TO DEMETER, 186-211

queenly mother sat by a pillar of the close-fitted

roof, holding her son, a tender scion, in her bosom.

And the girls ran to her. But the goddess walked

to the threshold: and her head reached the roof and

she filled the doorway with a heavenly radiance.

Then awe and reverence and pale fear took hold of

Metaneira, and she rose up from her couch before

Demeter, and bade her. be seated. But Demeter,

bringer of seasons and giver of perfect gifts,

would not sit upon the bright couch, but stayed

silent with lovely eyes cast down until careful lambe

- placed a jointed seat for her and threw over it a

silvery fleece. Then she sat down and held her veil in

her hands before her face. A long time she sat

upon the stool! without speaking because of her

sorrow, and greeted no one by word or by sign, but

rested, never smiling, and tasting neither food nor

drink, because she pined with longing for her deep-

bosomed daughter, until careful lambe—who pleased

her moods in aftertime also— moved the holy lady

with many a quip and jest to smile and laugh and

cheer her heart. Then Metaneira filled a cup with

sweet wine and offered it to her; but she refused it,

for she said it was not lawful for her to drink red

wine, but bade them mix meal and water with soft

mint and give her to drink. And Metaneira mixed

the draught and gave it to the goddess as she bade.

So the great queen Deo received it to observe the

sacrament ? * * x **

* Demeter chooses the lowlier seat, supposedly as being

more suitable to her assumed condition, but really because

‘in her sorrow she refuses all comforts.

2 An act of communion—the drinking of the potion («cuxedv)

here described—was one of the most important pieces of

ritual in the Eleusinian mysteries, as commemorating the

sorrows of the goddess.

393

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

THOL Oe pv 7; mpXEv evC@vos Meraverpa |

Xaipe, yvvat, éret ov ce Kkax@v amr éodTa

TOKNWV

eupeval, AXX ayabev: emi Tor mpérer Ompacw

aides |

Kal xapes, Os el 7ép TE Oepratomor@y Bacidnov. 215

arra Gedy pev dopa Ka axvipevol TEP avayKn |

TéeTA GHEY avO parroe: emt yap Cuyos avxeve KelTat.

vov ©, émel txeo Sevpo, TapécoeTal boca T émoi

Ep.

A / / / \ 3 / *.

Tatoa O€ pot Tpéhe TOVdE, TOY Oiryovov Kal

,

ae TOV

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oTacay adavatot, TodvapyTos O€ Lol éoTLV. 220

ei Tov ye Opéwvato Kal HAns pwétpov ixotTo,

peta KE Tis aE LOovTa yuVatKav OndUTEpawV

tnrooat Toca Kev ToL ATO OpertnHpia Soin.

Pay Of are TPOoeelTeD evo répavos Anpnrnp:

Kal Gv, yuvat, pana Xaipe, Oeot d€ tor ecb

Topovev™ 225

Tatba o€ TOU T poppov UTodéEomal, WS mE KENEVELS,

0 peyro KOU [ULV, EOATTA, Kaxop pacing TO nuns

OUT ap’ emnuoin OnMoeTat otf UToTdupov

oioa yap av TiTomov peya PéepTepov irordporo,

ola O emmduains ToAUTHMOVOS EGO XOV EpvT pov. 230

Os dpa dovincaca Ovwdei déEaro Koh

Xetpero abavatynot yeynOer dé ppeva PaTnp.

@s 7) pev Keneoito dai povos ayNaov viov

Anpopowvl’, ov eTLKTED evCwvos Merdvetpa, 7

eg pepev € év _peyapots: 00 aé£ero Saimovt icos, 235

OUT oy otrov EOMV, OV Onodpevos [yara pntpos *

npatin wev yap KadroTédhavos ?| Anunrnp 236"

1 Hermann’s restoration. 2 Voss’ restoration.

304

Il—TO DEMETER, 212-236*

And of them all, well-girded Metaneira first ~~

began to speak: “ Hail, lady! For I think you are

not meanly but nobly born; truly dignity and grace

are conspicuous upon your eyes as in the eyes of

kings that deal justice. Yet we mortals bear per-

force what the gods send us, though we be grieved ;

for a yoke is set upon our necks. But now, since

you are come here, you shall have what I can be-

stow: and nurse me this child whom the gods gave

me in my old age and beyond my hope, a son much

“prayed for. If you should bring him up until he

reach the full measure of youth, any one of woman-

kind that sees you will straightway envy you, so

great reward would I give for his upbringing.”

Then rich-haired Demeter answered her: “ And

to you, also, lady, all hail, and may the gods give you

good! Gladly will I take the boy to my breast, as

you bid me, and will nurse him. Never, I ween,

through any heedlessness of his nurse shall witchcraft

hurt him nor yet the Undercutter:! for I know a

charm far stronger than the Woodcutter, and I know

an excellent safeguard against woeful witchcraft.”

When she had so spoken, she took the child in

her fragrant bosom with her divine hands: and _ his

mother was glad’in her heart. So the goddess

nursed in the palace Demophoon, wise Celeus’

_ goodly son whom well-girded Metaneira bare. And

the child grew like some immortal being, not fed

with food nor nourished at the breast: for by day

rich-crowned Demeter would anoint him with

1 Undercutter and Woodcutter are probably popular names

(after the style of Hesiod’s ‘‘ Boneless One’’) for the worm

thought to be the cause of teething and toothache.

395

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

/ “99 / ¢ \ aA 9 A

vpieck apBpooin wael Jeod exyeyanTa

4

Ov KaTaTVElovoa Kal év KOATOLOLY ExOUTA:

VA X vA A \

vuxtas O€ KPUTTETKE TUPOS evel NUTE SANOV

AdOpa hirwv yovéwv: Tois Se péya Oadp

ETETUKTO,

os mpo0arns TeMeecKe: Oeoios yap dvTa ede.

Kal KEV Lv TrolnoeVv aynpov T aPdvaTov Te,

b) \ 7 9 9 (Sy 4 blush -

El un ap adpadinow évGwvos Metdverpa

vuKT émiTHnpnoaca Ova@ceos éx Oardpmoto

VA / \ Neon / \

oKéwWwato: KoKvoey O€ Kai dudw TAHEATO UHPw

is A \iever \ N Nice ae f PE

detcac @ Tept TaLol Kal aacOn péeya Oup@

Lowe die Bone) fr: SY / 4

Kai p oAodupopmevn Errea TTEPOEVTA TPOTHVOA*

Téxvov Anpopoor, feivn ae Tupl évt TOAA® 1

KPUTTEL, EwoL O€ YOoV Kal Knoea uypa he ane

“Os bar oSupo penn’ Ths © due Ota Sedov.

Th O€ YoNWoapévn KaANMCTEhavos Anuntnp

A / A Gee > \ , oy

jatoa pidov, TOY AEATTOV Evi pEeyapolaty ETLKTE,

yi b) 10 / UN £0 « 2 LS }

velpeca alavarnow amo ev Ke mWédovee,

éEavehovoa Tupos, Ouu@ KoTécaca pan aivas,

Kal p auvodis mpooéecrrev evS@vov Meravepay:

Las Hi. \ 9 / Se A

Niides avOpwrrot Kai appadpoves oT ayaloto

aicav _emepxopevov Tporyvapeval OUTE KaKoLO"

Kal ov yap adpacinat Tens vyKeotov aacOys.

ict@ yap Jew ¢ 6pkos, dete TOV Lruyos voap,

abdvarov Kev TOL Kal ayn} paov Tpara TwavTa

Tatoa pidov ToinT a Kal apOctov amaca TLULNV’

yov o ovK oO Os Kev Odvarov Kal Knpas anvéat:

Tin © apOitos atev érréaoeTat, ovvEKAa youvaV

oe Tupi én woah, Berlin Papyrus 44.

2 Cobet: €o Ofjxe, M.

306

240

O45 |

250 |

255

260.

Il.—TO DEMETER, 237-263

ambrosia as if he were the offspring of a god and

breathe sweetly upon him as she held him in her

bosom. But at night she would hide him like a

brand in the heart of the fire, unknown to his dear

parents. And it wrought great wonder in these that

he grew beyond his age ; for he was like the gods face

to face. And she would have made him deathless

and unageing, had not well-girded Metaneira in her

heedlessness kept watch by night from her sweet-

smelling chamber and spied. But she wailed

tnd smote her two hips, because she feared for her

son and was greatly distraught in her heart; so she

lamented and uttered winged words :

“ Demophoon, my son, the strange woman buries

you deep in fire and works grief and bitter sorrow

for me”’

Thus she spoke, mourning. And the_ bright

goddess, lovely-crowned Demeter, heard her, and

was wroth with her. So with her divine hands she

snatched from the fire the dear son whom Metaneira

had born unhoped-for in the palace, and cast him |

from her to the ground; for she was terribly angry

in her heart. Forthwith she said to well-girded

Metaneira : :

““Witless are you mortals and dull to foresee your

lot, whether of good or evil, that comes upon you.

For now in your heedlessness you have wrought

folly past healing; for—be witness the oath of

the gods, the relentless water of Styx—I would

have made your dear son deathless and unageing

all his days and would have bestowed on him ever-

lasting honour, but now he can in no way escape

death and the fates. Yet shall unfailing honour

3°7

x 2

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

e / >) / Mi ee > “ x

nmEeTEpwv eTEBN Kal ev ayKoLWnoW taveer.

= Ld a ‘DL ee ;

apnow 6 apa TO ye TEpLTAOMEV@V EVLAUTOV 265

a 3 14 \

Tmatoes EXevotvimv modepnov Kal dvAOTTLY aivny

d\ 3 b) if / esd f

avev EV ANANAOLCLY GUVAaEOVT HUATA TAVTA.

\ /

eipt Oe Anuntnp TLudoxyos, TE méeyto TOV

alavatots Ovyntois 7 dveap Kal Yapma TETUKTAL.

aX’ aye wot Vnoy Te weyav Kal Bwwov UT avTa@ 270

Se wie Nes re ? ties

ta) a e \ oF

TEVKOVTOV TAS SHwos VITal TOAW a’TU TE TELYOS

Kaddyopou KadvrepOev eri mpovxyovTl KONO. ,

5 \ 3

épyta & avTn éyor UTOOncomal, ws av érretTta

evayems EpdovTes éwov voov itdoKot be.

ray an >

Os ettrovaa Bea péyeQos Kal eidos apere 275

a if it, f }

ynpas atrwcapmévn wept T audi Te KaNAOS ANTO*

3 \ > ¢€ f , b) \ VA

ooun © tueodeaoa OunévT@V ato TETAOV

/ an \ J b) \ \ 5 /

oKidvato, THrE O€ héyyos amo ypo0s aBavaToto

ri / @ a @ \ de / / Q@ bd

aptre Oeas, EavOai O€ Kopat KaTevnvolev @pmous, |

3 an Pus) J XN / : 3 n v4

avyns Oo étAnoOn TuKLWOS O6mos GaTEpoTTAS WS 280 F

a Q\ \ f n es

BH oé duex peyapov: THs 8 adtixa youvat édvrTo,

\ > of / A 3 / \

dSnpov 0 adOoyyos yéveTo Ypovov, OVE TL TALOOS

/ J b) \ 7. b) /

pVHTATO THAVYETOLO ATO CaTrédoU avEenéo Oat.

nA Oy , Nae 5) f

Tov O€ Kaciyynta, do@VnV EcadKovaay édeLVHD,

\ Pm) Anite Dilan hfe b) J Z / A \

Kao 0 ap am evaoTp@TaV NEeXéwv Oopov. i) mev fF

ETTELTA : 285 fi

DSS DON \ ¢€ la) ean 3 if é

TAO ava YEepolw EXOVTA E@ EyKATOETO KONTO:

A painwe) f n b] V4 3 A Pe if f dare lal

i © apa Tip avéxar: 1) © EcovTo TOG aTraNOloL

pntép avactycovaa Ov@deos éx Oaddpoco.

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aupayataloucvar: Tov O ov perAtiaoeTo Oupos: 290 If

VELpoTEpar yap on ply Exov Tpopol Hoe TLOHVAL. |

308

Ii.—TO DEMETER, 264-291

always rest upon him, because he lay upon my knees

and slept in my arms. But, as the yearsmove round ——~

and when he is in his prime, the sons of the Eleusi-

nians shall ever wage war and dread strife with one

another continually. Lo! Iam that Demeter who

has share of honour and is the greatest help and

cause of joy to the undying gods and mortal men.

But now, let all the people build me a great temple

and an altar below it and beneath the city and its

sheer wall upon a rising hillock above Callichorus.

And I myself will teach my rites, that hereafter you

may reverently perform them and so win the favour

of my heart.”’

When she had so said, the goddess changed her

stature and her looks, thrusting old age away from

her: beauty spread round about her and a lovely

fragrance was waited from her sweet-smelling robes,

and from the divine body of the goddess a light

shone afar, while golden tresses spread down over her

shoulders, so that the strong house was filled with

brightness as with lightning. And so she went out

from the palace.

And straightway Metaneira’s knees were loosed

and she remained speechless for a long while and

did not remember to take up her late-born son from

the ground. But his sisters heard his pitiful wailing

and sprang down from their well-spread beds: one of

them took up the child in her arms and laid him in

her bosom, while another revived the fire, and a third

rushed with soft feet to bring their mother from her

fragrant chamber. And they gathered about the

struggling child and washed him, embracing him lov-

ingly ; but he was not comforted, because nurses and

handmaids much less skilful were holding him now.

gD

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

A’ pev TraAVvEX Let Kuo pry Oeov thaaKovto

SelwaTe TANAOMEVAL, apa &° not parvopenpu

evpuBin Kered vnweptéa pvOnoarto, |

OS emrevehne ded, KahMoarepavos Anuarnp. 295

avr ap 6 vy eis ayopny Kaheoas TonvTre/pova Naov

HvOy nvKop Anpayrept Tiova vHOoVv

Tolnoar Kal Baov émt mpovyovTs KOAwVO.

of dé par airy ériPovto Kal éxdvov abdnoavTo

€ MAN a 7) S;

Tevyov 0, os €TETEAN. O00 aeEero Satpove iaas.! 300

Avrap émel Tédeoay Kal eponoav KQLaTOLO,

Bav p imev oixad Exactos: atap EavOn Anunrnp

ev0a KabeCouevyn pakdpwv amo voodw amdvTav

pipe T00w@ puvvdovea Babufevor0 Ovyatpos.

a.ivoTaTtov S eveavTov em yOova mouduBorerpay 305

moine avb parrots Kal KUYTATOV" ovoé TL yaia

omepy avtet, KpuTrTED Yap eva répavos Anuntnp®

Toa: b€ KaLTUN apotpa patnv Boes eiAKov

apovpass’

TOANAOY O€ KPL AEVKOV ETMOLOV EuTrETE Yyain’

Kai vu Ke TayTray Odeo oe yEevOS wEepoTTaY aVOpa@Ta?Y 310

ALUOD UT Aapyarens, yepawyv T épliKvdeAa TLUHV

kal Ovotav jnwepoev OrdtpTia d@paT éxovTas,

et pon Levs évonoev €@ T ebpdacato Ovuo.

‘Tow dé 7 p@vTOv VpPVTOTTEPOV Mpae Kahéooat

Anuntp TOKO MOV, TOUT PATOV elas é éxoucar. B15

as bal’: y be Znvt Kedauvepet K povievt

Te\eTo Kal TO meoNYU OvédpapmeV MOKA TOdETOLD.

ixeTo 6€ mToALEOpov EXevaivos Ovoéaons,

etpev © év vn® Anuntepa cvavorreTov

Kab piv hovnoac érea TTEpOEVTA TpOanvOA’ 320

1 Tr. (cp. 235): Saluovos aton, MSS.

310

I1.—TO DEMETER, 292-320

All night long they sought to appease the glorious

goddess, quaking with fear. But, as soon as dawn —

began to show, they told powerful Celeus all things

without fail, as the lovely-crowned goddess Demeter

charged them. So Celeus called the countless

people to an assembly and bade them make a gocdly

temple for rich-haired Demeter and an altar upon

the rising hillock. And they obeyed him right

speedily and harkened to his voice, doing as he

commanded. As for the child, he grew like an

immortal being.

Now when they had finished building and had

drawn back from their toil, they went every man to

his house. But golden-haired Demeter sat there

apart from all the blessed gods and stayed, wasting

with yearning for her deep-bosomed daughter.

Then she caused a most dreadful and cruel year for

mankind over the all-nourishing earth: the ground

would not make the seed sprout, for rich-crowned

Demeter kept it hid. In the fields the oxen drew

many a curved plough in vain, and much white barley

was cast upon the land without avail. So she

would have destroyed the whole race of man with

cruel famine and have robbed them who dwell on

Olympus of their glorious right of gifts and sacrifices,

had not Zeus perceived and marked this in his

heart. First he sent golden-winged Iris to call rich-

haired Demeter, lovely in form. So he commanded.

And she obeyed the dark-clouded Son of Cronos,

and sped with swift feet across the space between.

She came to the stronghold of fragrant Eleusis, and

there finding dark-cloaked Demeter in her temple,

spake to her and uttered winged words :

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Anunrep, Karéer oe Tatnp Levs adOita eidas

3 / \ A nA b} iff

EXMEwevar pera hdAA Pedy alevyeveTawv.

aXNX Os, und atérXecTov éwov ros é« Avos éoTo.

“Os dato Mocopévyn TH O ovK érreTrE’OeTO Ovjos.

avTis ETerta TraTHp pwdadKapas Yeovs aiév éovtas 325

if > of. b) \ \ U

TavTas émiTpoiadrev? aporPnols € KLOVTES

_RucANO KOD Kal TOoNAa OLOoV Tepieadhea dpa

Tyudas 0, tas « eOéXotTOT pet aADavaroiow éeréadan.

GAN ovTIS Telcal OUVATO pevas ovde vOnua

Oued yoopuévns: atepeds & nvaiveto pvOous. 330

b) \ / 397 , 2 /

ov pev yap ToT édacke Ovw@deos OvrAvpTOLO

Tpiv y émiByoecbal, ov mply yns KapTOV avnowyr,

\ s/f 3 aA aN » PUR 2 a

Tp tooe opParjaioey Env EVMTELOA Kovpny.

Avtap émel TO y axovce BapvKtuTros iti

Levs,

eis "KpeBos mréurbe ypvocoppariv ApyeupovTnv, 335

oy of ye) A A / 3 /

opp Atdnyv waraxolor Taparbapevos éméeaoow

e \ J e \ if 3 /

ayvny Llepcedhoverav vo Cohou nepoevTos

3 Da >) / \ / / e J

és daos eEayayor peta datpovas, Oppa € “HTH

opVarpotaw toovca petarnEere YOXOLO.

‘Epps 6 ov amtOnoev, dbap © ve KevOea yains 340

ésovpéevas KaTOpovae NiTr@v &dos OvAVpTOLO.

TeTME O€ TOV ye AvakTa Sopav évToTOepr éovTa,

HpEevov ev Neyeeool oVY alooin TapaKotTt,

TOAN aexalomevn pntpos TOO@: % O amoTHnAoD*

Eoryous Oeayv paxdpwv [dewny| wnticeto BovAnv.? 345

ayxod © iatduevos tpocéhyn Kpatvs A pyerbovtns:

1 Tlgen: é° aTAhrov, M. 2 Voss: BovaAg, M.

312

Il.—TO DEMETER, 321-346

“ Demeter, father Zeus, whose wisdom is everlast-

ing, calls you to come join the tribes of the eternal

gods: come therefore, and let not the message I

bring from Zeus pass unobeyed.”’

Thus said [ris imploring her. But Demeter’s

heart was not moved. Then again the father sent

forth all the blessed and eternal gods besides: and

they came, one after the other, and kept calling her

and offering many very beautiful gifts and whatever

rights she might be pleased to choose among the

deathless gods. Yet no one was able to persuade

her mind and will, so wrath was she in her heart;

but she stubbornly rejected all their words : for she

vowed that she would never set foot on fragrant

Olympus nor let fruit spring out of the ground,

until she beheld with her eyes her own fair-faced

daughter.

Now when all-seeing Zeus the loud-thunderer

heard this, he sent the Slayer of Argus whose wand

is of gold to Erebus, so that having won over

Hades with soft words, he might lead forth chaste

Persephone to the light from the misty gloom to

join the gods, and that her mother might see her

with her eyes and cease from her anger. And

Hermes obeyed, and leaving the house of Olympus,

straightway sprang down with speed to the hidden

places of the earth. And he found the lord Hades

in his house seated upon a couch, and his shy mate

with him, much reluctant, because she yearned for

her mother. But she was afar off, brooding on her

fell design because of the deeds of the blessed

gods. And the strong Slayer of Argus drew near

and said ;

348

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

"Aton Kvavoxaira, KaTapOipevorow a avacowr,

Levs pe marnp WVa@yev ayauny Tlepoepovevay

éEayaryelv “EpéBeva de pera opéeas, oppa é NTH

odOarpotow idovoa XOroU KAL [LHVLOS aiviys 350

abavarots Aaj Eevev" érrel peya pnderar é epryov,

plioas Por apevnua VAMALYEVEMY avO par ov,

onépp vuTO yHs KpUTTOVCA, KaTapOwvOovca be

TLULAS bj

abavatwv: 1) © aivov éxet YoXov, ove Oeotar ie

poryeTat, ar’ am dvevde Ou@deos évdob ynovu 355 |)

Hora "EXevoivos Kpavaov mTonteO pov € éxoved. LY

“Os hato: petdnoev Oe dvak é évépwy “Avdwmvers

oppvawy, ovo aniOnoe Atos Bacidjos epet was :

ésaupévas © éxéXevoe daippov' Ilepoepovein

"Epxeo, Iepoepoun, Tapa pnTepa KvavorreT Nov 360

NTLOV EV oTHOETOL [u€V0S Kat Oupov é exouca,

pode TL Ova Oipawe inv TEPLOTLOY addav"

ov Tot év aBavatoow aevKns € éroow aKotTns,

avToxactyyntos tatpos Atos: éva 6 éovoa

deoTrdcces TaVYTwV oTTOGa Cwe. Te Kal EpTret, 365

Timas O€ aynoncla peT AOavdtotor peyioTas.

TOV O AOLKNTAVT@Y Tials ETTETAL HuATA TaVTa,

ot Kev put) Outings TEOV MEVOS LNATKWVTAL

evaryeos EpoovTes, évatolpa odpa TENOUYTES.

“Os paro: ynd nev ¢ Tepid pov Tlepoepovera, 370

KapTadiwas S avopove’ vo Yappatos’ auTap oO

Y autos

pouns KOKKOV eomKe paryety pereno€ea apn,

api € VOUNT AS, (Va [Ln [EVOL PATA TAaVvTa

avd Tap aiooin Anpunrepe KvavoTreT he.

imrT ous dé mpomdpolev UT X pve éovo w oxen du 375

évtuev adavatous LoAvonpavt@p Ardaveds.

314

Il.—TO DEMETER, 347-376

“‘ Dark-haired Hades, ruler over the departed,

father Zeus bids me bring noble Persephone forth ————

from Erebus unto the gods, that her mother may

see her with her eyes and cease from her dread

anger with the immortals; for now she plans an

awful deed, to destroy the weakly tribes of earth-

born men by keeping seed hidden beneath the earth,

and so she makes an end of the honours of the

undying gods. Forshe keeps fearful anger and does

not consort with the gods, but sits aloof in her

fragrant temple, dwelling in the rocky hold of

Kleusis.”’

So he said. And Aidoneus, ruler over the dead,

smiled grimly and obeyed the behest of Zeus the kings

For he straightway urged wise Persephone, saying :

“Go now, Persephone, to your dark-robed

mother, go, and feel kindly in your heart towards

me: be not so exceedingly cast down; for I shall

be no unfitting husband for you among the deathless

gods, that am own brother to father Zeus. And

while you are here, you shall rule all that lives

and moves and shall have the greatest rights among

the deathless gods: those who defraud you and

do not appease your power with offerings, reverently

performing rites and paying fit gifts, shall be punished

for evermore.”’

When he said this, wise Persephone was filled

with joy and hastily sprang up for gladness. But he

on his part. secretly gave her sweet pomegranate

seed to eat, taking care for himself that she might

not remain continually with grave, dark-robed

Demeter. Then Aidoneus the Ruler of Many

openly got ready his deathless horses beneath the

golden chariot. And she mounted on the chariot,

315

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

iS dxéwv é7éBn, Tapa 6é Kpatds “ApyerhovTns

CaF; \ , \ \ \ /

nvia Kal pdotiya NaBov pera Yepot dirnot

ceve OLeK peyadpav’ T@ O oOvK aéxovTE TETETOND.

Car be \ } @ } / IO\ / a |

piuga 0€ wakpa Kédevla oinvuc ay: ovoé Oddagoa 380 ©

ov? Vdwp ToTAMaY OUT dyKEea TOLnEVTA

immov alavatwv ovT axples ExxeDov oppny,

b) aoe \ b) / \ ahd J. Tee

GX’ vIrép auTawy Baby népa Tépvov LovTes.

aThae 0 aya, 604 pipvev evatéhavos Anunrnp,

ynoto tpotapot0e Ovadeos: 1) dé tOovca 385

mE, nUTE walvas pos KaTAa SacKLoV UND.

Ilepoepovn & étép[ wOev érret idev Gupata Kara 1]

entpos ens Kat [ap hy Gyea Tpodsrrovca Kal

im rovs |

arto Oéeuly, Oetph 6€ ob eumeTe aupixubeica |

TH Oe [hirnv ete Tratda ens peta xEpoly éxovon| 390

alinra SéXov Oupds tev’ dicato, Tpeaoe & ap gies)

mavop| evn plrorntos, adap © EpeetveTo pve: |

TEKVOV, [41 PA TL [LoL olv Yé mda oa0 vepbev éodca]

Bpopns; (eave, ply Ked0, iva elO omer aupe |

QS bev Yap Kev covoa Tapa. otuyepov Aidao|] 395

kal Tap éuol Kal tatpl Kerl awvedéi Kpoviove|

vateTaos mdavrecar Tetipl| evn aBavartor low.

b) odaegte. f / Cy DANS aunt \ Ue A Ves tA

el 0 émdow, Tad avTis tova’ vmlo KevOEor yains |

olKNoELS M@PEwY TpiTaTOV pép| os Els EvLAaUTOY, |

Tas 6€ 60m Tap éuot Te Kal [aAXots ABava |Totow. 400

ommoTe © av0ert yal evodcel civ] etapwol tar]

la] / 4m? e& \ / b] /

TavrooaTols Parry, TOO’ vireo Cohou HepoevTos

avtis dver péya Cada Oeots Ovntois T avOpwTrots.

[ S oe aA oy mee c \ / > / 9 a

eime O€ TAS O HpTrakev vTrO Fohov nepoevTa”| 403

\ / 2 3 7 / \ /

Kal Tivta ekaTraTynoe OoAw KpaTepos Llodudéypor;

1 The restorations of this and the following lines are those

printed in the Oxford (1911) text. 2 Allen.

316

a Oe eg .

pene Ae

IL—-TO DEMETER, 377-404

and the strong Slayer of Argus took reins and wap

in his dear hands and drove forth from the hall, the

horses speeding readily. Swiftly they traversed their

long course, and neither the sea nor river-waters nor

grassy glens nor mountain-peaks checked the career

of the immortal horses, but they clave the deep air

above them as they went. And Hermes brought

them to the place where rich-crowned Demeter was

staying and checked them before her fragrant temple.

And when Demeter saw them, she rushed forth

as does a Maenad down some thick-wooded mountain,

while Persephone on the other side, when she saw her

mother’s sweet eyes, left the chariot and horses, and

leaped down to run to her, and falling upon her

neck, embraced her. But while Demeter was still

holding her dear child in her arms, her heart

suddenly misgave her for some snare, so that she

feared greatly and ceased fondling her daughter

and asked of her at once: “ My child, tell me, surely

you have not tasted any food while you were below?

Speak out and hide nothing, but let us both know.

For if you have not, you shall come back from

loathly Hades and live with me and your father, the

dark-clouded Son of Cronos and be honoured by

all the deathless gods ; but if you have tasted food,

you must go back again beneath the secret places of

the earth, there to dwell a third part of the seasons

every year: yet for the two parts you shall be with

me and the other deathless gods. But when the earth

shall bloom with the fragrant flowers of spring in

every kind, then from the realm of darkness and

gloom thou shalt come up once more to be a wonder

for gods and mortal men. And now tell me how he

rapt you away to the realm of darkness and gloom,

and by what trick did the strong Host of Many

beguile you?”

317

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Tv 8 ad Uepoepovn tepuxaddys avtiov nvda* 405

TOUVAP EY@ TOL, MHTEP, EpeW VNWEPTEA TaVTA:

evTé wot KXpuhs HAO’ éprovvios aryyeXos @KUS

Tap Twatépos Kpovidao cai dhkrov Ovpan@ver,

érOeciv €& "KpéBeus, iva pw opParpoicw ioovca |

AnEats ABavaToos YoXroU Kal UHVvLOS aivhs, 410

avuTix’ éyov avopove’ vuTd yappwaTos’ avTap oO

Nab pn

ep Bane [Ol poLns KOKKOY, pedi doe edmnouw,

dkovoay Oé Bin we TpocnvayKacoe Tacadbat.

ws 66 w avaptaEas Kpovidew muKivny Ova pat

@XETO TATpOS éwoto, hépwv Uo KevOea yains, 415

éEepéw, Kai TavTa ouEopat, @s épecivers. |

Nels MEV UaAA TAAL ay’ imEpTOV Aetpova,

Aevainan Dawe te cat “Hr€éxtpn cal “lavOn

kat Menrity ‘lay TE Poderd te Kanddtpon Te

Mn 0oBoots te Toyn Te Kal ‘Oxvpon KaXVK@TLs 420

Xpvonis T ‘lavetpa 7 ‘Andorn is "Aduntn Te

Kal ‘Poddrn Inout te kat imepoer oa Kadupo

Kab YTVE Ovpavin TE Daragavpy T eparervi)

Ilanrds + T) eypEmaxn Kab "Apremes Lox earpa,

Tatlopev no avOca Oper opev yelpera époevTa, 425

piyoa KpoKoy T ayavoy Kal ayahAloas 70° vaKwOov

Kat podéas Kaunas Kab Aci pua, Gadpa idéaOae,

vapKiao ov 0°, ov épua’ as Ep K pOKOV evpeia yO av.

avT ap eyo Spemduny mepl Xa pware: yata © évepbe

X@pnoev’ TH o exOop’ dvag KPaTEpos TlovAvdéypav 430

BA dé dépwv U0 yatav év dppact YpuaEloLol

TONN deka Somevny™ éBonca 0 ap op0va pov.

TAVTA TOL aXVUmEeVN TEP ANNOEA TaVT ayopEvo.

318

1.—TO DEMETER, 405-433

Then beautiful Persephone answered her thus:

“ Mother, I will tell you all without error. When

luck-bringing Hermes came, swift messenger from

my father the Son of Cronos and the other Sons of

Heaven, bidding me come back from Erebus that

you might see me with your eyes and so cease from

your anger and fearful wrath against the gods, I

sprang up at once for joy; but he secretly put in my

mouth sweet food, a pomegranate seed, and forced

me to taste against my will. Also I will tell how he

rapt me away by the deep plan of my father the

Son of Cronos and carried me off beneath the depths

of the earth, and will relate the whole matter as

you ask. All we were playing in a lovely meadow,

Leucippe! and Phaeno and Electra and Ianthe,

Melita also and Iache with Rhodea and Callirhoé

and Melobosis and Tyche and Ocyrhoé, fair as a

flower, Chryseis, Ianeira, Acaste and Admete and

Rhodope and Pluto and charming Calypso; Styx

too was there and Urania and lovely Galaxaura with

Pallas who rouses battles and Artemis delighting in

arrows: we were playing and gathering sweet flowers

in our hands, soft crocuses mingled with irises and

hyacinths, and rose-blooms and lilies, marvellous to

see, and the narcissus which the wide earth caused

to grow yellow as a crocus. That I plucked in my

joy; but the earth parted beneath, and there the

strong lord, the Host of Many, sprang forth and in

his golden chariot he bore me away, all unwilling,

beneath the earth: then I cried with a shrill cry.

All this is true, sore though it grieves me to tell

the tale.”

1 The list of names is taken—with five additions—from

Hesiod, T'heogony 349 ff. : for their general significance see

note on that passage.

a°9

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Qs toTEe péev TpoTTay Huap. owodpova Ovpov

BA

éyouo aL

TOAAG MAN GAAHAOY Kpadinv Kal Ovuov tawwov 435

aupayaralomevar: axyéwv © amretraveto Oupos.

ynGocvvas 6 édéyovTo Tap aAANA@Y ELOY TE.

Thaw Oo eyyvbev m0 ‘Exary AuTrapoKpnoepvos®

TONNG o dip aphayannce Kopny Anpnrepos ayn:

€x TOU OL 7 POTOAOS Kab OT a@v Gr NET dvacca. 4405)

Tats dé pér adyyerov xe BapvKetuTos evptvoTa |

Levs

‘Peinv nuxopov, Anuntepa xkvavotrem Xov

a&éwevar peta hvAA Dewy, UTedEKTO Oé TLMAS

woémev, as Kev Ehotto pet AOavato.or Beotar

vedoe O€ OL KOVPNV ETEOS TEPLTENAOMEVOLO 4.45

THV TPLTATHY pev potpav UT Cohov HepoevTa,

Tas 6€ 60M Tapa pynTpl Kab ddXros ABavaTovow.

as é ar ove aniOnae Odea Aros anyryeaov.

eT TUMEVOS & mee Kat OvrvpTrOLO KApIvaY,

és oO apa ‘Papvov ige, pepeo Brov ov0ap a apovpns 450

TO T piv, aTap tote y ovTe dhepécBiov, adra

éxn Nov :

EC THKEL Tmavapurov' éxev0e 0 apa Kt. Aevicoy

pndec Anyntpos Kahhodupou: aT dip émeta,

peddev adap Tavaotdl KOM TE do TaXVveroy

7ipos deF OMeVvOL0, Tew 6 apa. LOVES Ory {LOL 455

Spucépev daTax von, Ta O° év eAdedavoiae dedéaOa.

evo emeBn T P@TLOT OV an aidépos a aT pUYETOLO®

acm actos om idov ahnras, KeyapnvtTo oe Oupe.

THY © WOE T poo eevmre ‘Pén hum apox pryjdemvos:

Acdpo téxos, carhées ce BapuxtuTos evpvoTra

Levs 460

énDéwevar peta hora Oewv, vTrédexto J€ Tyas

320

Il.—TO DEMETER, 434-461

So did they then, with hearts at one, greatly cheer

each the others soul and spirit with many an

embrace: their hearts had relief from their griefs

while each took and gave back joyousness.

Then bright-coiffed Hecate came near to them,

and often did she embrace. the daughter of holy

Demeter: and from that time the lady Hecate was

minister and companion to Persephone.

And all-seeing Zeus sent a messenger to them,

rich-haired- Rhea, to bring dark-cloaked Demeter to

join the families of the gods: and he promised to

give her what rights she should choose among the

deathless gods and agreed that her daughter should

go down for the third part of the circling year to

darkness and gloom, but for the two parts should

live with her mother and the other deathless gods.

Thus he commanded. And the goddess did not dis-

obey the message of Zeus; swiftly she rushed down

from the peaks of Olympus and came to the plain of

Rharus, rich, fertile corn-land once, but then in

nowise fruitful, for it lay idle and utterly leafless,

because the white grain was hidden by design of

trim-ankled Demeter. But afterwards, as spring-

time waxed, it was soon to be waving with long ears

of corn, and its rich furrows to be loaded with grain

upon the ground, while others would already be

bound in sheaves. There first she landed from the

fruitless upper air: and glad were the goddesses to

see each other and cheered in heart. Tier bright-

coiffed Rhea said to Demeter :

“Come, my daughter; for far-seeing Zeus the java!

thunderer calls you to join the families of the gods,

and has promised to give you what rights you please

321

Y

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

dwae eV, as Ke eOenr acOa\| uet AGavartotct Geoicr.:

pe yoda] |

| vedoe 5€ coe KoUpyy ETEOS 1 |epuTehopevovo

[tay TpeTaTnv pev potpav vo Codov 1» \epoevta,

[Tas oe SUM Tapa col TE kal | dd.Xous] aBavarourw. 465,

[as ap’ édy TENE |e Oa E@ 5 érévevoe KapnTe.

[arr 10, tTéxvov] éuwov, cal metOeo, unde Te Ainy

al Snxes pev leawe Kedarved et Kpovionw.

alinra dé Ka |prrov aeEe hepéaBiov avOpwrrotow.

“O[s épar’. ovo amiOnoev eva Tepavos Anpntnp: 70 |

ainfa d€ KapT ov GV AKEV apoupawv éptBarwv |

jaca O¢ pvrrovoty Te kal avOeow evpeta YOov is |

EBpia’: 1) O€ Kiovoa Oeutotomoros Bactrevor

detEev Tpitrtoreu@ te Atoxrel Te TWAnELT TT |

Evpormovu te Bin Kered 0 nyntope Xa@v 475 ff

Spnapoovvnv 0 iepav Kal émédpacev bpyra Tact, |

Terror Te Llodugeive, él Tots O¢ Avoxnet

cena, 7a T OUTS eoTL Tapesipev OvTE mvdéoOau

ovT ayéenv? peya yap te Ge@v céBas toydver

avery. |

ddBt0s, 0 OS TAO Omrwmev emexPovieav av0 poTrov 480

Os oe aTenys Lep@v Os T dip pwopos, ovo opolwv

aicav exer POtpevos TEP uTo Cob@ HEpoevTe.

AvTap errevoy) wavd breOnKato Oia Jeawn,

Bav p ipev OdrAvptrovde Ocov pel opnyvpw

adov.

évba b¢ VaLeTaOUL Tapa Au TEPTLKEPAVVD 485 |

ceva T aidoiai Te péy OAPLOS, bv TY exetvat

7 poppovews pitovrat eux Povieoy avo por ov:

aiwra é ob TéLTTOUC LY epéatiov és pwéya Oma

IThotrov, ds avOpa@trots Adevos Ovntoicr didmaw.

1 The restorations of this and the following lines are those

printed in the Oxford (1911) text.

322

I1—TO DEMETER, 462-489

among the deathless gods, and has agreed that for a

| . third part of the circling year your daughter shall go

down to darkness and gioom, but for the two parts

shall be with you and the other deathless gods: so

has he declared it shall be and has bowed his head

in token. But come, my child, obey, and be not too

angry unrelentingly with the dark-clouded Son of

Cronos; but rather increase forthwith for men the

fruit that gives them life.”’

So spake Rhea. And rich-crowned Demeter did

not refuse but straightway made fruit to spring up

from the rich lands, so that the whole wide earth

was laden with leaves and flowers. Then she went,

and to the kings who deal justice, Triptolemus and

Diocles, the horse-driver, and to doughty Eumolpus

and Celeus, leader of the people, she showed the con-

duct of her rites and taught them all her mysteries, to

Triptelemus and Polyxeinus and Diocles also,—awful

mysteries which no one may in any way transgress or

pry into or utter, for deep awe of the gods checks

Fr _ the voice. Happy is he among men upon earth who

has seen these mysteries; but he who is uninitiate

and who has no part in them, never has lot of like

good things once he is dead, down in the darkness

and gloom.

But when the bright goddess had taught them all,

they went to Olympus to the gathering of the other

gods. And there they dwell beside Zeus who

delights in thunder, awful and reverend goddesses.

Right blessed is he among men on earth whom they

freely love: soon they do send Plutus as guest to

his great house, Plutus who gives wealth to mortal

men.

525

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ANN a iy |} “EXevotvos Ovoéaons Of jo éyouoa

Kal Fiiéoisv, appipuTny “AvTpovd TE TET PHEVTA,

TOTVLA, ayAaodwp’, wpndope, Anot avacca,

avTn Kal Kovpn Tepixarrns Llepoepovera:

mpoppoves avt @dns Biorov Oupnpe dmate.

avTap éy@ Kal celo Kal AAANS pvnTop aoLons.

aa

EIS ATIOAAQNA [AHAION]-

Movjoopat 0066 XaOwpat AmodAX@VOS ExaTOLO,

ove Oeot Kara OOLa Avs Tpopeovoly lovra.

Kat pat avaic covet emt oxed0n € EpXomevoro

TAVTES a edpdwv, 6 OTE paidiua TOEa TUT ALVEL.

Anto@ & otn pipve tapat Aci teprixepavve,

ae ¢ I 2 Nee) , Ne / : f

H pa Boov T éxadacce Kal exhyioce hapéeTpny,

Kab Ol amr ip Oipoov @ Mov Xelperow edovoa

TOEa KATEKPEMATE Tpos xlova, TAT POS €0L0

Tacodnou éx ypucéov: tov 6 és Opovoy eiaev

aryove a.

TO & apa veKTap edwxKe Tarp démrai Xpvaei@ |

Seuxvipevos pinov vio: evrelTa be Saipwoves GAOL

evda Kadivovat: Xaiper € Te moTVLa AnrTo,

OUVEKA Togo opov Kab KapTEpov VLOV ETLKTE.

xaipe, peaKatp @ Antot, érret TéKES ayaa Téxva,

‘Amor ova T dvaKTa Ka “Aprepw lox éarpar,

THY pen ev ‘Opruyin, TOV dé Kpavah évi Ajo,

KeKNLMEVN 7 POs pak pov 0pos cal Kuv@cov by Oor,

ayyotatw hoivixos, ér “lvwioto peéOpors.

1 Ruhnken: &AA& OeAevoivos, M.

324

490

499 |

> te

10 9

7 ee eee a a

- = eee = —-+ = = SS -

> Cada set ee tf

.

e its : ="

Sn en ne

ede: ae

5 2) RNR)

a oa ee Le

7 ,

as ida

Iil.—TO DELIAN APOLLO, 1-18

And now, queen of the land of sweet Eleusis and

sea-girt Paros and rocky Antron, lady, giver of good

gifts, bringer of seasons, queen Deo, be gracions, you

and your daughter all beauteous Persephone, and

for my song grant me heart-cheering substance.

And now I will remember you and another song

also,

HI

TO DELIAN APOLLO

I wit remember and not be unmindful of Apollo

who shoots afar. As he goes through the house of

Zeus, the gods tremble before him and all spring up

from their seats when he draws near, as he bends his

bright bow. But Leto alone stays by the side of Zeus

who delights in thunder; and then she unstrings his

bow, and closes his quiver, and takes his archery from

his strong shoulders in her hands and hangs them on

a golden peg against a pillar of his father’s house.

Then she leads him to a seat and makes him sit: and

the Father gives him nectar in a golden cup wel-

coming his dear son, while the other gods make

him sit down there, and queenly Leto rejoices

because she bare a mighty son and an archer.

Rejoice, blessed Leto, for you bare glorious chil-

dren, the lord Apollo and Artemis who delights

in arrows; her in Ortygia, and him in rocky

Delos, as you rested against the great mass of the

Cynthian hill hard by a palm-tree by the streams

of Inopus.

$25

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Ilas 7 dp o buvjow TavTws evupmVoY éovTaA;

TavtTn yap Tot, PoiBe, vouwotr BeBAHaT aotbois,

NMEV AV HITELPOV TOPTLTPOPoy nO GVA VHTOUS*

Taca. O€ TKOTLAL TOL GOOY Kal TPWOVES AKPOL

inynro@v opéwy moTamot 0 ddade TpopeovTes

aKTaL T eis GNA KEKALWEVaL ALpEeves TE DaXadoons.

i Os ce TpwTov AnT@ TéKe, yapua BpoToiat,

KrLWOeica mpos KuvOov épos Kpavan evi vice,

Andro év audipvtn; éExatepOe dé Kdpa KEeXaLVOY

éEnes yépaovde AuyUTTVOLOLS AaVEWOLoLD,

évOev ATrOPVUHLEVOS Tact Ounroiow aVaGo ELS.

docous Kpyrn T €VvTOS EXEL Kal djpuos AOnvav

Vo OS tT Aiyivn VaIG LR NETH Tt KvBoa, —

Aiyat, Tleupectan * TE wal ayxeany IlemapnOos

Opyixios t “Adows Kal TI Atov apa. Kapnva

Opycxin Te Lapos’ ‘Tons T dpEea TKLOEVTA,

LKdpos Ka Poxara Kal Avtoxavns ¢ 6pos alu,

"TuBpos i eveTimevn Kal Anuvos apixParoeca a

Aeéa Bos T anyaden, Maxapos os Atodsevos,

Kat Xios, } vycwv NuTrapoTaty ELV ant Kel at,

TmaLTradoeus te Mipas cal Kepvnou a aKkpa Kapnva

Kat KXdpos atyAjecoa Kal Atoarens ¢ dpos alt

Kal La 105 von Muxarys T avTreva Kapnva

Mianros TE Koos Te, TOMS Meporrwy av pworror,

Kab Kvidos aimewn Kat Kaprados » Tvemocroa

Na€os - noe IIdpos “Pivaca TE TET PNET TA,

Toccov ér @divovoa ExnGorov ixero Anto,

el TLS ob yatéwy viel Oéror olxia Oéecbat.

al d€ wan éTpomeov Kal édetdicav, OVE TEs ETAH

PoiBov deEacQat, Kal miotépn Tep eovca’

1 Ruhnken ; 7° Eipeo/a, MSS,

326

IiIl.—TO DELIAN APOLLO, 19-48

iz How, then, shall I sing of you who in all ways are :

|} aworthy theme of song? Foreverywhere,O Phoebus,

the whole range of song is fallen to you, both over

the mainland that rears heifers and over the isles.

All mountain-peaks and high headlands of lofty hills

and rivers flowing out to the deep and _ beaches

sloping seawards and havens of the sea are your

delight. Shall I sing how at the first Leto bare you

to be the joy of men, as she rested against Mount

Cynthus in that rocky isle, in sea-girt Delos—while

‘on either hand a dark wave rolled on landwards

driven by shrill winds—whence arising you rule over

all mortal men?

Among those who are in Crete, and in the township

of Athens, and in the isle of Aegina and Euboea,

famous for ships, in Aegae and Hiresiae and Pepare-

thus near the sea, in Thracian Athos and Pelion’s

towering heights and Thracian Samos and the shady

hills of Ida, in Seyros and Phocaea and the high hill

of Autocane and fair-lying Imbros and smouldering

Lemnos and rich Lesbos, home of Macar, the son of

Aeolus, and Chios, brightest of all the isles that lie

in the sea, and craggy Mimas and the heights of

Coryeus and gleaming Claros and the sheer hill of

Aesagea and watered Samos and the steep heights of

Myecale, in Miletus and Cos, the city of Meropian

men, and steep Cnidos and windy Carpathos, in Naxos

and Paros and rocky Rhenaea—so far roamed Leto

in travail with the god who shoots afar, to see if any

land would be willing to make a dwelling for her

son. But they greatly trembled and feared, and

none, not even the richest of them, dared receive

Sa |

ee eat

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

mov y OTe On p émt Andou éBncato TmoTMLa

AntT@

Kab [LY AaVELPOMevY ETEa TTEPCEVTA TpPOTHVOA: 50 |

Ann’, & yap K é0érots Edos Eupevas vios Ewoto,

Poi Bou ‘ATrOMAVOS, GécOar T vt TLOva yNOv»—

arXos 6 ovTis aio Tol aaberau, ovde ce ANoEL

ove etBov aé of ever Oar 6 ovomar OUT evpmror, |

ove€ Tpoyny olaeLs OUT dip puta pupa. duces. 55) i

él 06 K “Amro ovos EKaEpTYOU vnov E exnoOa, |

av pam ot Tou T AVTES arywigoue éxaTouBas

évOad ayerpomevot, KViaaN O€ TOL do Ter os avel

Onpod avaiter Boo na ess O° ot KE o EX@oU |

KELpos ant ado pins, émet ov TOL map Um ovdas. 60°

as pato: yaipe dé Afjros, apmerBouevn S€ mpac-

nvoa*

Anrot, KvoLaTN Ovyatep peeyahov Kovoo,

acTacty Kev eyo Ye youny EKATOLO QVAKTOS

deEaiuny: aivas yap éTnTUpOY ELL OVONYIS

avopdow: ade O€ KEV TEPLTLELNETTA yEevolmnv. 65

GANG TObE TPopmew, AnNTO?, ETrOs, OVOE TE KEVTM"

inv yap Twa pac ataa Garov "AToAXN@va

eooer Gas, peya oe TPUTAVEUTE MEV aBavarorce

Kal Oynroicr Bpototat é emt CetSwpov 6 dpoupav.

7@ p. avers deidouKa KATO ppeva Kal Kata Ovpov, 70

HN, oTroT av TO ™p@Tov lon aos jediowo,

vAjo Ov aTLUNT AS, €Tr el » kpavaijrredos ett,

mTooal KaTactpeyras Won G05 ev TENAVETTW,

ev” éwe ev wéeya KDA KATA KpaTOS Adis aiel

KrNoTEL’ OO AAV yalav adi—eTar, } KEV AON Ol, 75

Tevéac Gas vnov Te Kal dAoea OevopHevTa:

TovAvTrooes © ev éoi Oadadpas POKal Te méedaLVAL

OLKLA TrOLHTOVTAL AKNOEA, VHTEL NaWD.

328

IlIl.—TO DELIAN APOLLO, 49-78

Phoebus, until queenly Leto set foot on Delos-and

uttered winged words and asked her :

“ Delos, if you would be willing to be the abode

of my son Phoebus Apollo and make him a rich

temple—; for no other will touch you, as you will

find: and I think you will never be rich in oxen and

sheep, nor bear vintage nor yet produce plants

abundantly. But if you have the temple of far-

shooting Apollo, all men will bring you hecatombs

and gather here, and incessant savour of rich sacrifice

- will always arise, and you will feed those who dwell

in you from the hand of strangers; for truly your

own soil is not rich.”’

So spake Leto. And Delos rejoiced and answered

and said: “ Leto, most glorious daughter of great

Coeus, joyfully would I receive your child the far-

shooting lord ; for it is all too true that I am ill-

spoken of among men, whereas thus I should become

very greatly honoured. But this saying I fear, and

I will not hide it from you, Leto. They say that

Apollo will be one that is very haughty and will

greatly lord it among gods and men all over the

fruitful earth. Therefore, I greatly fear in heart

and spirit that as soon as he sees the light of the

sun, he will scorn this island— for truly I have but a

hard, rocky soil—and overturn me and thrust me

down with his feet in the depths of the sea; then

will the great ocean wash deep above my head for

ever, and he will go to another land such as will

please him, there to make his temple and wooded

groves. So, many-footed creatures of the sea will

make their lairs in me and black seals their dwel-

lings undisturbed, because I lack people. Yet if

$29

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

GNX’ et ot Thains ye, Oed, méeyav 6pKov omoraas,

evO d6e poy TP@Tov Tevteuv TmepiKadhea vnov 80

ELbjLEvaL avO porrov XenernpLoy, avTap érevta

[TevEacOas vynovs Te Kal ddroea Sevdpyévta4| _—— 81"

TavTas eT avOpamous, éqrel 7 TONUOVULOS éoT aL.

SOs ap’ épn. Anta b€ Jeav peyav Spkov 6podae:

loTw voy rade Vata cat Ovpavos evpus bmepOev

Kat TO KaTELBOMEvor Lruyos bbwp, 6 GaoTE péeytoTos 85

bpkos SetvoTaTos Te TéNet pwakdpecat Oeoiow

7 pry DoiBov tHde Ov@dns EcoeTar atel

Bwmos Kat TEMEVOS, TITEL dé céy efoxa TAVTOV.

Avrap evel p Omwooév TE TEAEUTHTEV TE TOV

OpKov,

Anros peer peda, Vatpe youn ® exdToLo QVAKTOS" 90

Ant@ & évyhwap Te Kab evved VUKTAS GéATTOLS

@oiverot TéTrapto. Oeald écav &voo%r racat,

ocoal apiara éact, Avorn TE Pein TE

‘Txvain Te Qéuts Kat ayadorovos ‘Auerpirn

anal T abavarat voo pip NevKwAEVOU © Hpys: 95

HoTO yap ev peryapowre A.ds vedeAnyepeT ao

povvn ° ovK ET ETUCTO joryoo'TOKOS EinctO via:

| HoT0 yap axpo Orj0vpT® UT Xpuaéorae vepecoun,

“Hons $padpootyns heuKwéevou, i} pw epuKe

Cnocuvn, OT ap viov apdpova TE KpaTepov te 100

Anre rékeo Oat KadeThoKa LOS TOT EMENAED.

At 6 *Ipw T povmeunpay EVE TUES amr ynoov,

‘buen HKireiOucar, UTOTXomevat peyay Spor,

Kpuoetovor Aivorowy é ce puuevov, evved XUV"

voodi & Hvwyov Kanéewy Nevx@revou” Hpns, 105

pon ov Evert érréecow aTooTpe ete tovaar.

avTap rel TO y akouvceE TrOOHVEWoS M@KEa I pits,

1 Allen, 2 Franke : yéve, MSS,

339

IIl.—TO DELIAN APOLLO, 79-107

you will but dare to sware a great oath, goddess, that

here first he will build a glorious temple to be an

oracle for men, then let him afterwards make tem-

ples and wooded groves amongst all men ; for surely

he will be greatly renowned.

So said Delos. And Leto sware the great oath of

the gods:: “ Now hear this, Karth and wide Heaven

above, and dropping water of Styx (this is the

strongest and most awful oath for the blessed gods),

surely Phoebus shall have here his fragrant altar

- and precinct, and you he shall honour above all.”

Now when Leto had sworn and ended her oath,

Delos was very glad at the birth of the far-shooting

lord. But Leto was racked nine days and nine

nights with pangs beyond wont. And there were

with her ali the chiefest of the goddesses, Dione

and Rhea and Ichnaea and Themis and loud-moaning

Amphitrite and the other deathless goddesses save

white-armed Hera, who sat in the halls of cloud-

gathering Zeus. Only Eilithyia, goddess of sore

travail; had not heard of Leto’s trouble, for she sat

on the top of Olympus beneath golden clouds by

white-armed Hera’s contriving, who kept her close

through envy, because Leto with the lovely tresses

was soon to bear a son faultless and strong.

But the goddesses sent out Iris from the well-set

isle to bring Hilithyia, promising her a great neck-

lace strung with golden threads, nine cubits long.

And they bade Iris call her aside from white-armed

Hera, lest she might afterwards turn her from coming

with her words. When swift Iris, fleet of foot as

the wind, had heard all this, she set to run; and

334

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

n ¢ / / \ / a \ /

BH pa Oéew, TaxXews O€ Sinvuce TAY TO Meanyv.

Sis ON 5) He NE Walle 2 rn 4 as Rae, ;

auTap émei p ixave Dewy &dos, aimivv”OXvpTrov,

avtix ap KinetOuray amex pweyadpoto Ovpate 110

EXT POKANETTAPEVN ETEA TTEPOEVTA TPOTNUOA,

TavTa pan, ws éétedov Odvpria dopat

éyouca. : |

TH O apa Ovpov érreOev Evt oTHPecar dirouct:

\ \ \ th if, / Se a

Bay 6€ Toot Tpnpwat Trereraow tOual opoiat.

5 /

evT émt Anrou éBaive poyootoKos KireiOua, 115

67 TOTE THY TOKOS ElAE, MEevolvnaev Oe TexEaOaL.

apt dé hoivixs. Bare HYEE, youva 6 Epeice

NELUOVL LANAK@* pelLonoe OE yae varévepbev:

Har madang peldyoe O€ yai pGe

3 + / @

éx © éBope po howade: Geal 6 oAcCAVEAaY aTracat.

"Ev6a oé, Hre Doi Be, eal Noov vdate KAN@ 120

n ~~ >) oe Rr

ayvas kat KaOapas, oTdapEav 6 év hapet NEvKA,

NETTO, VNYATEW: TrEpl S€ YpVaEOYV aTPOpoOY HKav.

Ove ap ’Amo\XKva Ypvcdopa OjncaTo wHTNp,

b) x J lA M8 / 3 \

arrAad Méwis vextap Te Ka’ auPpooinv Epare.vny

b) / ‘ b) / a) \ /

awavatyow NEP ETN PEATO" NaALpE dé Anta, 125

obvera tok opopov KQL KAPTEPOV ViOV ETLKTED.

avrap emel On, PoiPe, KaTeBpos au Bporov eidap,

ov oé xy? émert loyov ypvoeos otTpopor aoTai-

povTa,

9Q> » / ee bg ts \ / /

ovo éTe O0éo maT EpvKe, NVOVTO O€ TeLpaTa TaVTA.

avtixa © aBavatnat petnvéda PotBos “AmroAX@v: 130

Ein pot KiBapis te hiAn Kat KauTvra TOEa,

/ ke , \ / /

XPNT@ 6 av pom our Avos UIpEpTea Bounrnp.

“Os ev OY eBiBacker é emi xGovos evpuodeins

Doi Bos aKepoexouns, exatnBoros al 0 apa

TAC A

332

Ii1—TO DELIAN APOLLO, 108-134

quickly finishing all the distance she came to-the —— ~

home of the gods, sheer Olympus, and forthwith

called Eilithyia out from the hall to the door and

spoke winged words to her, telling her all as the

goddesses who dwell on Olympus had bidden her.

So she moved the heart of EHilithyia in her dear

breast ; and they went their way, like shy wild-doves

in their going.

And as soon as Faltihyia the goddess of sore

travail set foot on Delos, the pains of birth seized

Leto, and she longed to bring forth; so she cast

- her arms about a palm tree and kneeled on the soft

meadow while the earth laughed for joy beneath.

Then the child leaped forth to the light, and all the

goddesses raised a cry. Straightway, great Phoebus,

the goddesses washed you purely and cleanly with

sweet water, and swathed you in a white garment of

fine texture, new-woven, and fastened a golden band

about you.

Now Leto did not give Apollo, bearer of the

golden blade, her breast; but Themis duly poured

nectar and ambrosia with her divine hands: and

Leto was glad because she had borne a strong son

and an archer. But as soon as you had tasted that

divine heavenly food, O Phoebus, you could no

longer then be held by golden cords nor confined

with bands, but all their ends were undone. Forth-

with Phoebus Apollo spoke out among the deathless

goddesses :

“The lyre and the curved bow shall ever be dear

to me, and | will declare to men the unfailing will

of Zeus.”’

So said Phoebus, the long-haired god who shoots

afar and began to walk upon the wide-pathed earth ;

333

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

GapBeov adavatar: ypvo® © dpa Anos ataca 135

| e ;

[BeBpide, caQopaaa Aros Anrovs Te yeveO rnp,

7 ef \ C/- 3417. /

ynboovvn, Tt pv Oeds etreTO olxia Béo Oar

VHTwV HTELpov Te, HiAnTE O€ KHOU wardov 1.|

BA ? e 4 e/ ” A e/

WwOno, ws OTE TE ploy ovpEeos avOeoww VANS.

Avtos 6 ,apyupoto€e, avak éExatnBor ”AtroXXor, 140

arnroTte wév T ert KbvOou éBnoao rartanoevtos,

yA wast VA Ae) / ) Wf

aNroTe 6 av vioous TE Kal aveépas HraoKALES.

} / \P EDF /

TONNOL TOL VNOL TE KAL ANoEA CEvOpHEeVvTA:

A \ if if \ s BA

Tacat d€ cxoTLal TE Pidat Kal TPWOVES AKPOL

UWnrOY opéwy ToTapot 0 adhade TpopéovTes: 145

adra ov Ando, PoiBe, wadvat émtTéprreat HTOp,

évoa Tor edxexiToves laoves nyepeGovtas

avrois oUV TALOET ot KO atooins aGroXoLew.

ot 6é oe UY LAXID Te Kal opxnOue Kal avon

png apevor TEPTFOVTW, or ay OTHTOVTAL ayava. 150

hain « adavdtous Kal aynpws Eupevar atet,

A ‘fm? e f >) (24 Sie Weer J / bf A Sy

os TOO vTavtidcer, 6T doves al pooe eter:

TavTov yap Kev idotto yapiv, Téprratto bé Ovpov

dvdpas T elaopowy KaXALC@VOUS TE yuVAalKAaS

ALP 3459 VA x99 b) a / ff :

yyas T wKelas 7/0 QUTOV KTHMATE TONG, 155

T pos dé TOE wéya Data, Gov KES OVTOT odetT au,

Kotpas Andudoes, exaty BereT ao Geparrvat:

at T émret ap TT P@TOV pev “ATroAN@V LpVHTOTW,

avtis 6 av Ant te Kal” Aptepmer t ioxéaspar,

png apevat avopav Te TAadaALoY 70€ YUVALK@V 160

ipvov aeloovow, Oédyovar b€ bvr’ aveporav.

Fee NE eee RNR Hr a

‘1 ll. 186-8 are intrusive, being alternative for 1. 139.

They are found in Mand the edition of Stephanus (in text),

and in the margin of ETL (with the note ‘‘in another copy

these verses also are extant”). In D they are added by a

second hand.

334

IiIl.—TO DELIAN APOLLO, 135-161

and all the goddesses were amazed at him. Then ——

with gold all Delos | was laden, beholding the child

of Zeus and Leto, for joy because the god chose her

above the islands and shore to make his dwelling in

her: and she loved him yet more in her heart. |

blossomed as does a mountain-top with woodland

flowers. : “

And you, O lord Apollo, god of the silver bow,

shooting afar, now walked on craggy Cynthus, and

now kept wandering about the islands and the

-peoplein them. Many are your temples and wooded

groves, and all peaks and towering bluffs of lofty

mountains and rivers flowing to the sea are dear to

you, Phoebus, yet in Delos do you most delight your

heart; for there the long robed Ionians gather in

your honour with their children and shy wives:

mindful, they delight you with boxing and dancing

and song, so often as they hold their gathering. A

man would say that they were deathless and un-

ageing if he should then come upon the Ionians so

met together. For he would see the graces of them

all, and would be pleased in heart gazing at the men

and well-girded women with their swift ships and

great wealth. And there is this great. wonder

besides—and_ its renown shall never perish—, the

girls of Delos, hand-maidens of the Far-shooter ; for

when they have praised Apollo first, and also Leto

and Artemis who delights in arrows, they sing a

strain telling of men and women of past days, and

charm the tribes of men. Also they can imitate the

335°

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

, 9 ay / x \

TavTov 0 avéparav davas cat BawPadtactovv |

tas) > is Q/7 b) ~ /

pyucia? icacw: hain oé Kev avTos ExacTos

Ma f

pbeyyeo@ ovtw cdi Kadi cvvapnpev aoLdn.

>] b)

AX’ aye? iAnKoe pev AmroAN@v Aprémde

Evp, ok 165

/ SS is al aA 3 a) Oe \ x @

yvaipete O° vets TacaL éweto O€ Kal meToTrLa0ev

Pd] € / "4 ,

prenoace, OMTTOTE KEV TLS emt Jovi avO p@Trav

evd ad avelpnr as Eelvos TahametpLos éNov-

@ KoUpat, Tis O Vupev avHp HOLteToS GoLd@v

2 / A Nee A / ;

ev0dde TwAEiTAL, Kal Tew TépTrecDe padLoTA; 170 —

A 3 i A y

vets O ev pdra Tacat UTOKpivacbat adnums:

\ b] if b>] a \ / SYA ,

Tupros avyp, otKet dé Xiw evi TarTandoecoy

n na / /

TOU Tacat pmeTOTIaOEV ApLaTEVTOUGLY GoOLOal.

€ ta b) / A >

nets © vpeTepov KAEOS Oloomev, BoaoV eT alav

’ , / / a /

avOpwrwv otpedopecba modes ev vateTawaas: 175

e\ \ lh, /

ot 0° émrt 6 TeLoOVTaL, ETEL KAL ETHTULOV EaTLV.

3 \ 3 \ 3 4 £ / b>] /

avuTap éy@v ov AnEw exnPorov AtroAXN@va

€ yd / ¢ / / I

VUVEewY apyupoTokov, Ov HUKOmos TEexe ANTM.

[EIS ATIOAAONA IIT@ION]

°Q, dva, Kat Aveiny Kab Myoviny eparerviyy

Kat Mirnrtov ¢ EXELS, EVANOV TONLY imepoecoar, 180

autos © av An oto TepikdvaTns péey avaooels.

Kict 6é doppifov Anrovs épeKud€os UVLOS

Poppuyys yaguph apos IIv0e TET PET TAY,

dpPpora eluar EX OV TeOve@peva’ Toto Oe popmoye

ua €oU vm TAHKT POV Kava nv ever t (pepoecoay. 185

évOev de ™ 0s "OdvpTov aro xGoves, MOTE YONA,

elot Atos mpos b@ma Gedy pel opnyupw addrov.

1 ETL: xpeuBadrsacriv, other MSS. The former word is

connected with BayBatvey = to chatter with the teeth, and is |

usually taken to mean ‘‘ castanet-playing” ; but since imita-

336

lil.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 162-187

tongues of all men and their clattering speech:

each would say that he himself were singing, so

close to truth is their sweet song.

And now may Apollo be favourable and Artemis ;

and farewell all you maidens. Remember me in after

time whenever any one of men on earth, a stranger

who has seen and suffered much, comes here and asks

of you: “ Whom think ye, girls, is the sweetest singer

that comes here, and in whom do you most delight ?”’

Then answer, each and all, with one voice: “ He is

a blind man, and dwells in rocky Chios: his lays are

evermore supreme.” As for me, I will carry your

renown as far as | roam over the earth to the well-

placed cities of man, and they will believe also; for

indeed this thing is true. And I will never cease to

praise far-shooting Apollo, god of the silver bow,

whom rich-haired Leto bare.

TO PYTHIAN APOLLO

O torp, Lycia is yours and lovely Maeonia and

Miletus, charming city by the sea, but over Delos

you greatly reign your own self.

Leto’s all-glorious son goes to rocky Pytho, playing

upon his hollow lyre, clad in divine, perfumed

garments; and at the touch of the golden key his

lyre sings sweet. Thence, swift as thought, he

speeds from earth to Olympus, to the house of Zeus, to

join the gathering of the other gods: then straightway

tion of castanet playing would hardly be worthy of mention

as a feat of skill, it seems more likely that the stammering or

harsh dental pronunciation of foreigners is to be understood.

CK

Z

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

avtixa © adavartotos pérer KiBapis Kal aoLon:

Mobcas pev O° dpa wacat aperBopevat orl Kar}

vpvedotv pa Jedy bap’ duBpora nO avOp@rev

TANMOTUVAS, eo EXOVTES tim adavdroict Oeotat

Cwova abpacées Kal aunyavol, ovde SvvavTat

evpéuevat Oavatolo T aKOS Kab yHpaos aNKap:

avTap euTOKAaLOL Xaputes Kab evppoves “Opat a |

“Appovin GHB te Avos Ouyarnp T “A ppodirn 195

opxeovT’ GND NOV emt KapT@ Ketpas exoue au: } :

THO’ pep ovT aioxpn peTapehmeTar ovr’ ehaxera, af

ANNA peda, peyann Te LOELY Kal E005 aYyNTH,

"Aptems toxéatpa onotpodos “AmoANwM. |

év © av thow Apns kat évoxotros “Apyespovtns 200

mailova avtap 0 PoiBos ’AmoAX@v éyaBapiter |

KANG Kal ine Bias: airyhn 6€ poly aphipaciver

pappapuryat TE TOOOY Kal EVENT TOLO VLTOVOS.

ot © émitéptrovtat Oupov meyav elo Opo@VTES |

Anre TE XpucomAoKajLos Kal untiera Levs 205 ff

via pidov mailovra pet abavaroct Geoton.

Tas ia ap a bpviee TAVTOS eVUpLvor éovTa;

ne a évi ee mca 1 deido Kat Pehornte,

OTT OS pv@opevos * EKLES ‘Abavrioa Kouvpny ¥

"lox ap avTOéw, Enarsovion Evie ; 210 9

y dua DopBavte Tpoméw ® Yyev0s, 7) au “Kpevbel; :

7H apa AMevelrme@ cat Aevximoo Saadited

‘ 2k xx

melos, 0 © immotow’ ov piv Tpiomos y évédectrev.

i) @S TO TPAToV YpnoTHpLov avOpwTroLaL |

Entevwv Kata yatay éBns, éxatnBor “AmodXov; 215]

1 Martin : pYNoT How, MSS.

2 Martin: émmdtay iguevos, M: the other MSS. are still

more corrupt.

3 Allen-Sikes : tpidrw, tpior@ and tpiordw, MSS.

338

fad

co

S&S,

pace en IISA DS:

a

~

SRD

» “Oe Ue

ee ee ial

Iii.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 188-215

the undying gods think onty of the lyre and song, aie

and all the Muses together, voice sweetiy answering

voice, hymn the unending gifts the gods enjoy and

the sufferings of men, all that they endure at the

hands of the deathless gods, and how they live

witless and helpless and cannot find healing for

death or defence against old age. Meanwhile the

rich-tressed Graces and cheerful Seasons dance with

Harmonia and Hebe and Aphrodite, daughter of

_ Zeus, holding each other by the wrist. And among

them sings one, not mean nor puny, but tall to

look upon and enviable in mien, Artemis who

delights in arrows, sister of Apollo. Among them

sport Ares and the keen-eyed Slayer of Argus, while

Apollo plays his lyre stepping high and featly and a

radiance shines around him, the gleaming of his

feet and close-woven vest. And they, even gold-

tressed Leto and wise Zeus, rejoice in their great

hearts as they watch their dear son playing among

the undying gods.

How then shall I sing of you—though in all ways

you are a worthy theme for song? Shall I sing of

you as wooer and in the fields of love, how you went

wooing the daughter of Azan along with god-like

Ischys the son of well-horsed Elatius, or with

Phorbas sprung from Triops, or with Ereutheus, or

with Leucippus and the wife of Leucippus .. .

you on foot, he with his chariot, yet he fell not

short of Triops. Or shall I sing how at the first

you went about the earth seeking a place of

oracle for men, O far-shooting Apollo? To Pieria

339

yey

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Tleepinv pev TO@TOV aT Ovnvprrov0 Kath es

Néxtov 7 ypuaboévra Taper Texes 70 ‘Evefvas

Kab OL IleppaxBous- Taxa 0 ets ‘lawXxKov ixaves,

Kyvatou tT éwéByns vavaoixrerths EvBoins.

otis 8 émrt Andtdvt@ Tedim: TO ToL ovy ade Oup@ 220

TevEacIat vnov Te Kal dNoeEa SevOpyevTa.

evOev O Edpurov draPas, éxatn Bor “AtroAXov, |

Bis ¢ av &pos cabeor, xapov" Taxa © ies am avTov 2 |

és Muxadnooop iav Kar T eupmaoov AeXeT olny. E

OnBys S cicadixaves bos KaTacypévov UAy* 225 | ! |

ov yap TH TLS évate Bpotav teph evi OB,

ove dpa, wo TOTE hoay aT apmerot ove€e KédevOor

@n8ns dp Tredtov mupnpopor, ann exev UA.

"Evdev dé T™ POTEep@ EKLES, éxaTn Bor “AtroAXor,

‘Oyxna tov & i&es, [Loo udxtov ayXaov adaos: 230

| 6 Sa VEOOHNS T@NOS avaTrVeEl ax Gopevos Ep

EXNKOV AppaTa Kana’ Kapoat o ehaTnp ayalos ep

éx dippoto Gopwv o6ov € epyera: ov 6€ Téws meV

Kel oKea KpoTéouce a dvaxTopiny aplevTes.

et O€ KEV AppaTt ayhow év adoei SevdpnevTi, 235

immous peey KOPEOUCL, Ta 6é KhivavTes edo ey"

as yap Ta mp@TicO ocin yeved of O€ avaKTL

evyovTaL, Oippov Ge Jeo Tore joipa gudaccer,

"KvOev Oé 7 poTepo CKLES, ExaTN BON "A qrorAXov'

Kyduocov Sap em eLT A KU TLO KadALpeeOpov, 240

os te Atrai Dev T POX EEL Ka ppoov Doep.

TOV ova Bas, Eedepye, Kab ‘Oxarenv ToUTUpyov

évGev dp eis “AXtaptov adixeo moinjevta.

Bys & évi Terdhovons: T08t Tot ade Y@pos amHuwv |

Tevéac0ar vnov Te Kal ddoea SevdpnevTa: 245 |

ais O€ war ayy avTis Kal pv mpos woOov Eevtres: |

' Matthiae: ‘Ayvinvas, M.

340

ae

ey

secrete et seu

Iil.—_TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 216-246

first you went down from Olympus and passed_by

sandy Lectus and Enienae and through the land

of the Perrhaebi. Soon you came to [olcus and set

foot on Cenaeum in Euboea, famed for ships: you

stood in the Lelantine plain, but it pleased not your

heart to make a temple there and wooded groves.

From there you crossed the KEuripus, far-shooting

Apollo, and went up the green, holy hills, going on

to Mycalessus and grassy-bedded Teumessus, and

so came to the wood-clad abode of Thebe; for as

yet no man lived in holy Thebe, nor were there

tracks or ways about Thebe’s wheat-bearing plain

as yet.

And further still you went, O far-shooting Apollo,

and came to Onchestus, Poseidon’s bright grove:

there the new-broken colt distressed with drawing

the trim chariot gets spirit again, and the skilled

driver springs from his car and goes on his. way.

Then the horses for a while rattle the empty car,

being rid of guidance ; and if they break the chariot

in the woody grove, men look after the horses, but

tilt the chariot and leave it there ; for this was the

rite from the very first. And the drivers pray to the

lord of the shrine; but the chariot falls to the lot

of the god.

Further yet you went, O far-shooting Apollo, and

reached next Cephissus’ sweet stream which pours

forth its sweet-flowing water from Lilaea, and

crossing over it, O worker from afar, you passed many-

towered Ocalea and reached grassy Haliartus.

Then you went towards Telphusa: and there the

pleasant place seemed fit. for making a temple and

wooded grove. You came very near and spoke to

341

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Terpodc’ , evade O7 ppovew TepiKarhea yyov

avOperav Tev&at ypnaTHpLov, ote wot atel

evO a0” aywnoovet TEANET OAS éxaToupas,

7Tpev Gaol Tehorovyna op mevpay eXovow 250

no boo Kupomny Te Kal appiporas Kara VNTOUS,

X PNT ojEvol Toltaw o€ « eyo vn pEpTea. Bovrnv

Tat Deprarevorue Kpé@y Evi TLOVE vn@.

1 Os el OV d1€OnKe Oewerdua PotBos "ATroAXN@Y

EUPEA Kal Lara waKxpa OLnveKes: H O€ LOovTA 255

Terpodca Kpactny eXoh@oaro clmré TE pd ov

PoiBe avag € ex depye, émos Tl ToL ev ppect Onow.

evOao émrel hpovéers TebEaL TepiKarhea vnov

éwmevat avOp@rrots XPnaTHpLOV, olTe ToL atel

év0ao ayanoover TeAHET TAS éxaTouBas’ 260

ANN’ Ex Tor épéw, av 6 evi dpeai BarXreo onot,

mnuavee. o alel KTUTOS (TTWOY WKELAMV

apdopevol T ovphes éu@v lepOv aro THYEOV"

évoa Tis avOporayv Bovrnceras etcopaadbat

dppatd Tt evTointa Kal @KUTOO@Y KTUTOV tTmT@V 265

H) VNOV TE LEYAV Kal KTHWATA TOA €VEOVTA.

GNX et On Tt TLOOLO, av dé Kpelaowy Kal apetov

evo, avag, ewelev, aed 6é abévos é éoTl méylaTov,

év Kpion moino al UTO TTUYL Tapyncoto.

vl’ ov appara, Kara SOVHTETAL ouTe To. immov 270

@KUTOO@V KTUTOS eoTat evo unTov jept Bwamor,

GANG TOL WS mpoo aryovev ‘Inmavjove da@pa

avOparcv KduTa pdra ov be fpévas apouye-—

ynbas

déFav tepa KANGA TEPLKTLOVOV avOporav.

Os etrrove Eedrov meme ppevas, oppa Ol AUTH 275

Terdovon KNEOS ei emt Govt, und “Exarovo.

"Ev@ev 6é ™ poTepe éxues, ExatyBor “AmoAXor

342

IIL—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 247-277

her: “Telphusa, here I am minded to make a

glorious temple, an oracle for men, and hither they

will always bring perfect hecatombs, both those

who live in rich Peloponnesus and those of Europe

and all the wave-washed isles, coming to seek

oracles. And I will deliver to them all counsel

that cannot fail, giving answer in my rich temple.”’

So said Phoebus Apollo, and laid out all the

foundations throughout, wide and very long. But

when Telphusa saw this, she was angry in heart and

spoke, saying: “ Lord Phoebus, worker from afar, I

_ will speak a word of counsel to your heart, since you

are minded to make here a glorious temple to be an

oracle for men who will always bring hither perfect

heeatombs for you; yet I will speak out, and do you

lay up my words in your heart. The trampling of

swift horses and the sound of mules watering at my

sacred springs will always irk you, and men will like

better to gaze at the well-made chariots and stamp-

ing, swift-footed horses than at your great temple

and the many treasures that are within. But if you

will be moved by me—for you, lord, are stronger and

mightier than I, and your strength is very great—

build at Crisa below the glades of Parnassus: there

no bright chariot will clash, and there will be no

noise of swift-footed horses near your well-built

altar. But so the glorious tribes of men will bring

gifts to you as lepaeon (‘ Hail-Healer’), and you

will receive with delight rich sacrifices from the

people dwelling round about.” So said Telphusa,

that she alone, and not the Far-Shooter, should

have renown there; and she persuaded the Far-

Shooter.

Further yet you went, far-shooting Apollo, until

343

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ies & és Dreyvav dvdpav ror UBpictawr,

of Aros ov adéyovTes él yOou vateTadacKov

év Karyn Bnaon Knydsaioos éyyvOe Nipvns. 280

évOev kaptanriwas mpocéBns mpos derpdda Ovav |

ixeo © és Kpionv vio Uapynoov vioevta,

Kynwov pos Lépupov TeTpapupevov, avTap Umeplev

TETPN ETLKPEMATAL, KOLAN O VIrodédpope BHaooa, |

tTpnxet* év0a dvak texunpato PotBos “AmodrA@v 285 —

ynov troinaac0ar érnpatov eimé Te puOov:

’EvOdade 59 hpovéw TedEar Teprxadrea vyov

Ep pevae avOp@Trots KpnoTHpLov, olTEe pot atel

ev0ad aylwnoovct TEANET OAS exaTouBas,

7 MEV 6g 0b NG eee Cl Tierpay exovow, 290

nO boot Rdpomny Te Kal apdiporas Kara VRTOUS,

XPNTojLevor: Tolow ap’ eyo Un pepT ea BovAnv —

Tact Oemrarevoupe Vpéwy évt Tove VA®.

“Os eitr@y dvéOnxe Oepweiiia DoiBos “AmoAX@v

evpéa Kal dra paxpa Sunvenés’ avTap em aUTOIS 295

Adwvov ovddv EOnKe Tpodw@vios nd ‘Ayapnons,

viées “Epyivov, dirou adavatotor Oeotow:

appt de vnov évaccav abéohata dvr avOpeTav

cer Toiow Adeow, aot dupov EUpevar ace.

Ayo d€ KpnVN Karhippoos, év0a OpaKkaway 300

xteivev avak, Ads vios, amo Kpatepoto Brot,

Catpedéa, meyarnpy, Tépas dry ptov, i) Kaka TONG

avO porous EpoeaKev emi xIovt, Tone pev avuTous,

TOAAG O€ pHAa TavavTrod, émwel TéXe THA

Sadowvov. |

Kab TOTE deEauevn xpuaobpovou eTpepen * ‘Hpys 305

Oewvov T apyanéov te Tuddova, Thea. Bporotow*

b taht Tdi, 22

ov mot ap “Hpn étexte yoAwoapevrn Aci marpi,

344

II.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 278-307

you came to the town of the presumptuous Phlegyae

who dwell on this earth in a lovely glade near

the Cephisian lake, caring not for Zeus. And

thence you went speeding swiftly to the mountain

ridge, and came to Crisa beneath snowy Parnassus,

a foothill turned towards the west. a cliff hangs

over it from above, and a hollow, rugged glade

runs under. There the lord. Phoebus Apollo

resolved to make his lovely temple, and thus he

said : :

“In this place I am minded to build a glorious

‘temple to be an oracle for men, and here they will

always bring perfect hecatombs, both they who

dwell in rich Peloponnesus and the men of Europe

and from all the wave-washed isles, coming to

question me. And I will deliver to them all

counsel that cannot fail, answering them in my rich

temple.”

When he had said this, Phoebus Apollo laid out

all the foundations throughout, wide and very long ;

and upon these the sons of Erginus, Trophonius and

Agamedes, dear to the deathless gods, laid a footing

of stone. And the countless tribes of men built

the whole temple of wrought stones, to be sung of

for ever.

But near by was a sweet flowing spring, and there

with his strong bow the lord, the son of Zeus, killed

the bloated, great she-dragon, a fierce monster wont

to do great mischief to men upon earth, to men them-

selves and to their thin-shanked sheep; for she was

a very bloody plague. She it was who once received

from gold-throned Hera and brought up fell, cruel

Typhaon to be a plague to men. Once on a time

Hera bare him because she was angry with father

345

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Hvix apa} Kpoviéns épicvoea yelvar’ AOijyny

év Kopuph 4) ) 0 ainva Kohk@aar O TOT VLA “Hen

nOe Kab diypouévoret per aBavarourw & ECUTrE’ 310

Kedure [Lev, TAVTES te Jeot maaat te Géawat,

@S ew aTimagery ¢ apxee vepehnyepera Levs

TOT Os, éqrel fb Goxov TOLGaToO KEOV eLOviaV:

Ka voy yoo pu éweto TEKE yravedrw "AOnvny,

i) Taow paKkdperos peTatperes ADavaToow’ 315

avTap 6 y Hmredavos yéyovev peTa Tact Deotor

mais éuos “Hdatotos, puxvos medas, Ov TéKoV AUTH:

[aicxyos é€uol Kal dverdos év ovpav@ ovtTe Kat

auTy ai 317°

pyr ave Yepoly ENoVTA Kal EwBarov eupel TOVTO"

GNAG E Napijos. Duyarnp Betis apyuporeta

defaTo Kab WeTa ob KATLYVHTHTL KOjUT TED. 320

ds dden’ AAR Ocotor yapitecOa paxdpecot.

TYETALE, TOLKLAOMHTA, TL VOV pNnTioEas AO;

Tos eTANS clos TeKéeww yAaveariv AOnvnv;

ovK - ey@ TEKOMNV; Kab on Kexhnpevn eumns

ha p ® ép aBavarouaw, ob _ovpavov evpuv eX oure. 325

ppateo vov pn Tot TL KQKOV pnticopw o ori oo. 325°

KL VOV [EVTOL EY@ TEXVNTOMAL, WS KE YEVNTAL

mais €[108, bs Ke Geotar peTamperrol aavarorowy,

OvTE TOV aioxwvar iepov NEXOS ovT mov aQUuThs.

OvoE TOL els EVN TOT OMAL, GX” amo oElo

THO eovoa, - Geoicn peTeTTopmat aBavarourty. 330

°Os erTro0o ato voodt Jed Kile Yoowéevn KHp.

arin CTT ELT. npato Bows TOTVLA “Hom,

Yelpt KaTampnvel 0 éEXace yYOova kai hato mvOov:

1 Allen-Sikes: jvex’ &pa, M.

* Suggested by Allen-Sikes to fill up the lacuna,

3 Matthiae: 4 6, MSS.

4 Hermann: t7Ad@ev otoa, MSS.

346

III.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 308--333

Zeus, when the Son of Cronos bare ail-glorious

Athena in his head. Thereupon queenly Hera was

angry and spoke thus among the assembled gods :

“« Hear from me, all gods and goddesses, how cloud-

gathering Zeus begins to dishonour me wantonly,

when he has made me his true-hearted wife. See

now, apart from me he has given birth to bright-eyed

Athena who is foremost among all the blessed gods.

But my son Hephaestus whom I bare was weakly

_ among all the blessed gods and shrivelled of foot, a

shame and a disgrace to me in heaven, whom I my-

self took in my hands and cast out so that he fell in

the great sea. But silver-shod Thetis the daughter

of Nereus took and cared for him with her sisters:

would that she had done other service to the blessed

gods! O wicked one and crafty! What else will

you now devise? How dared you by yourself give

birth to bright-eyed Athena? Would not I have

borne you a child—I, who was at least called your

wife among the undying gods who hold wide heaven.

Beware now lest I devise some evil thing for you

hereafter: yes, now I will contrive that a son be

born me to be foremost among the undying gods—

and that without casting shame on the holy bond of

wedlock between you and me. And I will not come

to your bed, but will consort with the blessed gods

far off from you.’

When she had so spoken, she went apart from the

gods, being very angry. Then straightway large-

eyed queenly Hera prayed, striking the ground

flatwise with her hand, and speaking thus:

347

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Kéxrute viv pev, Vaia kat Ovpavos evpus

Umeplev

Tirnvés te Oeoi, Tou UTrO xGovi VOLETAOVTES 335

Taptapov appt peyay, TOV é& avopes te Oeoi Te

avrol vov ev TaYTES AKOVTATE Kal dore Tatsa

voodt Aros, wndév te Biny éridevéa Ketvou:

> Diy eh / SA 1 cs Nd > if 4 f

arr’ 6 ye héptepos éExtw,' 6cov Kpovov evpvora Zevs.

Hs dpa dwvncac twace yOova yetpl TaxXein: 340 |

/ an / ¢ A

Kwyndn é apa Tata pepec Bros: i) 0€ toovca

TEpTeTo Ov Kara Ouuov: oteto yap. TEReo Oa,

ex TOUTOU on € emelra Tener Opov els éviavTov

ouTe TOT els evyny Atos HrvOe HN TLOEVTOS,

ovTe ToT &€> CaHKov TorvdaidaXoV, WS TO TapOS

TEP | 345

avT@® ehelouevn mruxivas dpalecketo Bovdas:

5 > JS a VA yA

arr ny €&V VHOtoL TOAVANLCTOLOL MEVOVTA

& A A VY,

TépTreTo ols Lepotat Bowmts Totyia ‘Hpn.

> ba A \ hs Ne / b] la)

GX OTE OH pHVvEeS TE KAL Huepar EETENEDYTO

J Sy Nie. / Le

TeptTEAAOpEVOU ETEOS Kab eTHAVOOY pat, 350

\ we > yA a ? / + a

9 & étex ovte Oeols evariyKtov ote BpoTotact,

/ n an

devvov T apyanréov te Tuddova, mhua Bpototcu.

: la) la / 7

avtixa Tovde NaBotaa Bodmis woTvia © Hpy

A a / A /

ddkev rerta dépovea KAK@ KaKov’ 7 O vITédexKTO.

OS KAKA TOAN EpdecKev ayakdruTa PUA avOpo-

Toy" 399

a A oD 3) / J / $Y 9

OS THY avriacele, HEpecKe MW aiotwov Huap,

A VA CLeaN >) A BA e /, 3 f

Mp ye ol Lov epyKxe avake exaepyos AtroNN@V

a , / a

Kaptepov: 4 6 odvynow épeyOopnevn YareTrAaL

n 3 y a \ (a

KetTo per acOuatvovoa KuALVOOMEVN KATA Y@pov.

Vi re >

Oeatrecin 8 évorr7 yévert dometos: 7) be Kal

UAV 360

1 Allen-Sikes: éorw, M.

348

ries a Se ee

II—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 334-360

“ Hear now, I pray, Earth and wide Heaven above, —

and you Titan gods who dwell beneath the earth

about great Tartarus, and from whom are sprung both

gods and men! Harken you now to me, one and

all, and grant that I may bear a child apart from

Zeus, no wit lesser than him in strength—nay, let

him be as much stronger than Zeus as all-seeing Zeus

than Cronos.’ Thus she cried and lashed the earth

with her strong hand. Then the life-giving earth,

‘was moved: and when Hera saw it she was glad in

heart, for she thought her prayer would be fulfilled.

And thereafter she never came to the bed of wise

Zeus for a full year, nor to sit in her carved chair as

aforetime to plan wise counsel for him, but stayed in

her temples where many pray, and delighted in her

offerings, large-eyed queenly Hera. But when the

months and days were fulfilled and the seasons duly

came on as the earth moved round, she bare one

neither like the gods nor mortal men, fell, cruel

Typhaon, to be a plague to men. Straightway large-

eyed queenly Hera took him and bringing one evil

thing to another such, gave him to the dragoness ;

and she received him. And this Typhaon used to

work great mischief among the famous tribes of

men. Whosoever met the dragoness, the day of

doom would sweep him away, until the lord Apollo,

who deals death from afar, shot a strong arrow at

her. Then she, rent with bitter pangs, lay drawing

great gasps for breath and rolling about that place.

An awful noise swelled up unspeakable as she writhed

349

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

muxva par e&0a cat évOa éXooeTo, Aeltre Oe

Ovpeov

powvov amomvelova’* 0 & emnveato Doi Bos AroAXrwv: |

‘Evravd ot vov mudev é emt x Govt Bwrtiaveipn: |

oude ov ve Coovoa KAKOV OnANLA Bporoiow

éoaeat, ob yains Toru popBou KApPTrOV ESOVTES 365 ,

evo ao ayujgoucr TEeANETOAaS éxaTouBas |

ovoé Ti ToL Odvarov ye dvanreyé ovTE Tudwevs

apKecet ovtTe Xiparpa dvao@vupos, GANA GE

AUTOU |

mvce Vata perauva Kau WAEKT OP "Lrrepicon.

"Os par émevyomevos: THY O€ OKOTOS Gace

caruwe. 370 |

THY o avTov KaTémua tepov HEVOS “‘Henriouo, a

€& ov viv Wlu@e KicrAyjoKetas of 60€ dvaxTa

Tv@cov aryKxadéovaw 1 eT @VULOV, ovvexa Kel@u

aUTOU TUGE Tehwop HEVOS of€os ‘Heniovo.

Kai tot ap éyva now évi dpect PoiBos |

"ATOAAw?, 375 |

ovverd pw Kpnyn KANALPPOOS eCarragnae :

BH & én ‘Tedgpovon KEXONDMEVOS, ainpa oe ieave®

TH O€ [ean ayy, auras Kab py T pos poOov éeutre:

Teddodo’ , OUK ap euednes éuov voov éEavrapodca

V0) pov exoug € éparov ™ popeely KaNNLPpooVv ddep. 380

év ade by Kal éuov KXE0S EGoETAL, OVOE GOV ONS.

“H Kai eri plov OE dvag éxdepyos AmoXNo@v

TeTpains TPOXUTHOLw, dreKpuypev dé péeO pa

Kal Bopov TOUjTaT év adoei devdpryevre,

ary Xe jada, KPHVNS Kar ppoo év0ae QVaKTe —- 385

TAVTES émikrnoww T ‘edhovoig EVYETOMVTAL,

ovveca Texhovans tephs faoxyuve péeOpa.

1 Hermann : [Mv@toy kadéovoiww, MSS. ‘

ee ne

39°

Hi PO PYTHIAN ‘APOLEO; 361-337

continually this way and that amid the wood: and

so she left her life, breathing it forth in blood. Then

Phoebus Apollo boasted over her :

“Now rot here upon the soil that feeds man!

You at least shail live no more to be a fell bane to

men who eat the fruit of the all-nourishing earth,

and who wili bring hither perfect hecatombs.

Against cruel death neither Typhoeus shall avail

you nor ill-famed Chimera, but here shall the Rarth,

_and shining Hyperion make you rot.”

Thus said Phoebus, exulting over her: and dark-

ness covered her eyes. And the holy strength of

Helios made her rot away there; wherefore the

place is now called Pytho, and men cali the lord

Apollo by another name, Pythian; because on that

spot the power of piercing Helios made the monster

rot away.

Then Phoebus Apollo saw that the sweet-flowing

spring had beguiled him, and he started out in anger

against Telphusa ; and soon coming to her, he stood

close by and spoke to her:

“ Telphusa, you were not, after all, to keep to

yourself this lovely place by deceiving my mind, and

_ pour forth your clear flowing water: here my renown

shall also be and not yours alone ?”’

Thus spoke the lord, far-working Apollo, and

pushed over upon her a crag with a shower of rocks,

hiding her streams: and he made himself an altar

‘in a wooded grove very near the clear-flowing stream.

In that place all men pray to the great one by the

name Telphusian, because he humbled the stream of

holy Telphusa.

a5?

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Kal rote 67 kata Oupov éeppagero DoiBos

AmroAX@v, |

ovaoTivas avOpwTroUS Opystovas eigayayoLTo,

a , a4 ie

OL Jepatrevo ovTat Iludot éve TETPHEC ON: 390

TavT dpa oppaivev évona émi olvoTe TovT@

n / b) bli / / So8 /

yHa Foxy: ev d avopes écav TONEES Te Kal éaO nol,

Kpijres Qo Kvocod Muvwiov, of pa dvaxtt

lepa TE peSovar Kal aryyéhovet Oemuoras

Doi Bou "AmroAA wos Xpusaopou, OTTL KEV ElTN 395

Kpetov éx Oadvns qarov U7r0 Lapyne oto.

ob poev eri THEW Kal Xpneara yyt pedaivn

és [lvAov npabocyra [Tudouyevéas on avOparrous

émNeov: avTap 0 Toia. cuvnvTeTo PotBos “Amor:

b) J xi 9 J / na ) \

éy TovT@m © émopovce Séuas SeADive EOLKOS 400

vnt Gon cal xetto TéAwWP péya Te OELVvOV TE?

an S ” \ nN 3 rgb Q ef in 1

TOV O OVTLS KaTAa OupoVv eT Eppaca. MOTE VONTAL

[exBardew o é0ehov dehpiv™ 0 0€ via péracvav *| 402°

TavTOT wacacioacKe, tivacae 6€ vita Sovpa.

‘ot 8 axéwv évi vynt Kabnato SetmaivovTes’

ov0 of y OmN édXvOV «othny ava vija. péraivav, 405

ovo éXvov alihos YNOS KVAVOTP@POLO,

GND @S TA TPOTLaTa KATETTITAVTO Boetow,

@> ém)eov’ KPALTVOS b6¢ Notos catoricbev érretye

via Oonv: mpatov oé TrapnpetBovTo Madnear,

Tap O€ Aaxwvida yatav ada epavoy mr orteO pov 410

i€ov Kal Yapov TepYruBporov "Herzsoro,

Taivapov, év0a TE pia Babvtpiya Boonerar aiel

‘Hedtovo ¢ AVAKTOS, ever oO eTLTEPTEED, x @pov.

ot ev ap ev’ GerXov via cyelyv 7d atroBavTes

¢

1 Tr.: éredpdcaro vojca, M. For the absolute use of

éemppaicw cp. Herodotus iv. 200 &d¢ émippacbels. adore vojoa

expresses the natural result of reflection.

2 Allen-Sikes’s supplement.

352 :

Ill.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 388-414

Then Phoebus Apollo pondered in his heart what ~

men he should bring in to be his ministers in

sacrifice and to serve him in rocky Pytho. And

while he considered this, he became aware of a

swift ship upon the wine-like sea in which were

many men and goodly, Cretans from Cnossos,! the

city of Minos, they who do sacrifice to the prince

and announce his decrees, whatsoever Phoebus

Apollo, bearer of the golden blade, speaks in

answer from his laurel tree below the dells of Par-,

nassus. These men were sailing in their black

ship for traffic and for profit to sandy Pylos and to

the men of Pylos. But Phoebus Apollo met them: in

the open sea he sprang upon their swift ship, like a

dolphin in shape, and lay there, a great and awesome

monster, and none of them gave heed so as to

understand ?; but they sought to cast the dolphin

overboard. But he kept shaking the black ship

every way and making the timbers quiver. So they

sat silent in their craft for fear, and did not loose

the sheets throughout the black, hollow ship, nor

lowered the sail of their dark-prowed vessel, but as

they had set it first of all with oxhide ropes, so they

kept sailing on ; for a rushing south wind hurried on

the swift ship from behind. First they passed by

Malea, and then along the Laconian coast they éame to

Taenarum, sea-garlanded town and country of Helios

who gladdens men, where the thick-fleeced sheep of

the lord Helios feed continually and occupy a glad-

some country. There they wished to put their ship

1 Inscriptions show that.there was a temple of Apollo

Delphinius (cp. ll. 495-6) at Cnossus and a Cretan month

bearing the same name.

3 sc. that the dolphin was really Apollo.

gig

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

paccacbau péya Oadma Kat opOarpoiau idéoOar, 415 f

et peveet vnos yhadupis damedoie méhwpov |

H €ls olde aNLov movi 0 voy avres opovoet.

GNX’ ov moadiog ty émrei\Oeto wns evepyys,

aNNG Taper TleAomrovyne ov meipav éxyouca

HL OOOV" TVOUH dé dvag é éxdepyos ‘Amro\Nov 420 |

prdios iOuv’ 4 ¢ mpynooovea xédevO ov |

Apnyny t LKAVE KML ‘A pyupenv eparewny

Katt Opvor, ’"Ardetoto mopov, Kal eVKTLT OV Aiaru

Kal Ildnov npaloevra TluAovyeveas T * avO pwrous.

BH && mapa Kpovvovs cal Xadxida Kai mapa

Avyny 425

noe Tap “H16a dtav, 601 KpaTéovow “Exrevol. |

evTe Pepas émé Barner, dyardopevn Atos oupe,

Kab opi t vmeK vedewy ‘10axns T Opos aim wépavTo

Aovatyiov Te Daun TE Kat uer oa ZaxvvOos. |

GNX OTE én Tledorrovyno ov TapeviT ATO macay 430

Kal én émrt Kpions KaTepaiveTo KOMTOS aTrelpov,

GoTe Olek [leh orrovyn cov Tielpav e€pryet

7D’ AVE LOS ZLedupos péyas, alOptos, é ex Atos aions,

AaBpos emauyilov é& aiBépos, ogpa TAaXLOTO. |

ynus aviaee Oéovca Jaracans ap pov vowp. 485 |

dxfoppoe On € eM ELTO 7 pos HOT mehvov TE |

émr eov" myepoveve S avag Atos vids “AmroAXNor’

tEov 5 és Kpiony evdeteXov, amenoecoar,

és Aupév'* 1) 8 apdOoow éypiprpato tovToTropos

vnvs.

“Ev” éx VNOS opovoe avag € exdepyos ‘ArrodNov, 440

do Tépt ELOOMevos peo Hypa: TOD oe aro TONAL

omuvdapioes TWTO@VTO, TérAaS O ES ovpavov ixev

és 0 aouTov KATEOUGE OLA TPLTOOD € eplTi pov.

él’ wp’ 6 ye hrAoya Sate mipavaKdpevos TA A KAA"

354

JIl.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 415-444

to shore, and land and comprehend the great marvel

and see with their eyes whether the monster would

remain upon the deck of the hollow ship, or spring

back into the briny deep where fishes shoal. But

the well-built ship would not obey the helm, but

went on its way all along,Peloponnesus : and the lord,

far-working Apollo, guided it easily with the breath of

the breeze. Sothe ship ran on its course and came to

Arena and lovely Argyphea and Thryon, the ford of

Alpheus, and well-placed Aepyand sandy Pylos andthe

men of Pylos; past Cruni it went and Chalcis and past

_ Dyme and fair Elis, where the Epei rule. And atthe

time when she was making for Pherae, exulting in the

breeze from Zeus, there appeared to them below the

clouds the steep mountain of Ithaca, and Dulichium

and Same and wooded Zacynthus. But when they

were passed by all the coast of Peloponnesus, then,

towards Crisa, that vast guif began to heave in sight

which through all its length cuts off the rich isle

of Pelops. There came on them a strong, clear west-

wind by ordinance of Zeus and blew from heaven

vehemently, that with all speed the ship might finish

coursing over the briny water of the sea. So they

began again to voyage back towards the dawn and

the sun: and the lord Apollo, son of Zeus, led them

on until they reached far-seen Crisa, land of vines,

and into haven : there the sea-coursing ship grounded

on the sands.

Then, like a star at noonday, the lord, far-working

Apollo, leaped from the ship: flashes of fire flew

from him thick and their brightness reached to

heaven. He entered into his shrine between price-

less tripods, and there made a flame to flare up

bright, showing forth the splendour of his shafts, so

350

AA 2

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Tacav dé Kpionv catexev céXas: al 0 oNOAVEaY 445

F Sf A - rf , .

Kpicaiwv aNoyoe KardiCovot te Ovyarpes

/ ¢ e A / / ov cs meh w Cx cd

PoiBov bro purrjs: péya yap déos EuBan éExdoTo.

54 b Qe Dine AON a / 2 a We y f

évOev & avt’ emi via vonuw os adto TéTtecOat,

avépt eldopevos atfn@® Te KpaTEp® TE, |

/ s 3 / Sy 50m 7 . .

TpwOn8n, YatTnS EtAvLévos Evpeas wmous* 450

J

Kat sheas howvincas mea TTEPOEVTA TpPOTHVOA

°O. Eeivor, tives ore; TOOEV TELE’ Hypa KérevOa;

NTL KaTa TpHew h parrioiws adarnobe

4 aA e x of , > 3 Ul

oid Te ANLOTHpPES UTTELP GAA, TOL T AaOwVTAt

N aA

wuxas TapOéuevor, KaKOV GXXOSaTIOLTL HépovTEs; 455

I d WA ® / 3:09) 2s an

TihbO ov TwS HaVov TETINOTES, OVO ETL yalaVv

a tA

ex BHT’, ovd€ KAO’ btrAA peXaivns vnos eOecGe;

ef / 4 VA b) A d /

avTn mév ye OtKn TédEL AVOPaY aXdnoTaer,

ee \

omTTOT av €k TOVTOLO TOTL YOOVL HL wEeXaivn

. Li ,

EMwow Kauat@ adnKoTes, avTixa 0€ oheas 460

4 a A

ciTOLO yAUKEPOLO TrEpL Ppévas twepos aipel.

“Os dato cai cdi Odpoos évi otnOeoow eOnke.

\ Yd , n ] A , #

Tov Kal apecBopuevos Kpnta@v ayos avtiov nvda:

Eectv’, érret ov pev yap Te KaTAaOvNTOLCL EoLKas,

> ta)

ov déuas ovde h_nv, aAN aOavato.ct Oeoiow, 465

OUNE TE KAaL peya Yatpe, Jeol dé Tor OABia Soiev.

A f 3 a

Kab LOL TOUT aryopevooy éTHTUpLOY, OPp Ev ELO)’

tis Ojpmos; Tis yata; tives BpoTtot éyyeyaacw;

/ \ A b / / a

ahryn yap ppoveovtes ETETNEOMEV peya NALT MA

/ / >’

és Ivnov é« Kpnrns, évdev yévos evyomwe? eivar: 470

a >, @ \ \ v4 ” e ea

vov © woe Evy vynt KaTHNOopev Ov TL ExOVTES,

VOOTOV Lé“EVvoL, AXANV OOOV, AANA KEéXEVOA’

anna Tis dOavatwr Sedp’ Hyayev ov‘ €OédovTas.

350

IIl.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 445-473

that their radiance filled all Crisa, and the wives and

well-girded daughters of the Crisaeans raised a cry at

that outburst of Phoebus; for he cast great fear

upon them all. From his shrine he sprang forth

again, swift as a thought, to speed again to the ship,

bearing the form of a man, brisk and sturdy, in the

prime of his youth, while ine broad shoulders were

covered with his hair: and he spoke to the Cretans,

uttering winged words:

“Strangers, who are you? Whence come you

sailing along the paths of the sea? ‘Are you for

traffic, or do you wander at random over the sea as

pirates do who put their own lives to hazard and

bring mischief to men of foreign parts as they

roam? Why rest you so and are afraid and do not

go ashore nor stow the gear of your black ship?

For that is the custom of men who live by bread,

whenever they come to land in their dark ships

from the main, spent with toil: at once desire for

sweet food catches them about the heart.”’

So speaking, he put courage in their hearts, and

the master of the Cretans Hhewered him and said:

« Stranger—though you are nothing like mortal men

in shape or stature, but are as the deathless gods—

hail and all happiness to you, and may the gods give

you good. Now tell me truly that I may surely know

it: what country is this, and what land, and what

men live herein? As for us, with thoughts set other-

wards, we were sailing over the great sea to Pylos

from Crete (for from there we declare that we are

sprung), but now are come on shipboard to this

place by no means willingly—another way and other

paths—and gladly would we return. But one of the

deathless gods brought us here against our will.”

357

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Tovs. 8 amraperBopevos Tpoctegpn - hia

"ATroAN@V

Felvot, Tol Kywoov monvdévépeov dippevépeoBe ATS

TO Tpiv, aTap viv ovK EO vOTpOTTOL adTLS Ecedbe

BY / b) \ \ , ; Ae,

és Te TOALY EpaTnY Kal dMmaTA KAaNa ExATTOS -

5) x

és Te hidas GNOxous: adr’ évOdde Tiova vnov

e¢ >, 9 \ an J >) ,

é&er Euwov TrodNOLoL TeTLWEVOY aVOPa@TOLCELD.

/

eit © éya@ Atos vios, AmroAN@v & evyopmas eivat: 480

Crys Di boy 9 fS9: FE SIU NS f a f

vpéas © Hyayov évOdd vUmép méeya Naitwa Oaracons,

yw \ , 3 3.3 y , ine Be

ov TL KAKA hpovéwy, GAN évOdbe Tiova vnoV

é&eT €ov TATLY UaXQ TLLLOV vO porrova,

Bovdas T adavatov elOno ere, TOV borne

atet tiunoedde Ovapmepes 7 MATA TATA. 485

GD dyed’, OS dv éy@ eitrw, Teieabe TAXLO TA"

iotia peev TT P@TOV xaderov AVoayTe Boeias,

yna & érevta Oonv pev em Hrretpov épvoacbe, —

9 \ J Dd) thy No \ 37

éx dé etTHUAl ErXeoOe Kal EvTea Vnos eins |

\ \ f DLEAE a 4 1 |

Kat Bomov Tomcat emt pnypive Oaracons: 490

Tip o em LK QLOVTES emt T adduta AevKa Ovovtes

edxer Fat bn € emeLT a TApLaT awevor mepl Bopov.

@S Mev ey@ TO TPWTOV ev nepoeroet TOVT@

eld opevos derive Pons emt v90S Opovea,

Os epol edxeoOar Achguvig: avTap ) Boos 495

AUTOS Achpinos kal ETrOYLOS € eooerar ael.

erTVHoat T ap eT eLTOL Gon mapa vnt pedaivy

Kal ometoat pakapecot Oeots, of “Odvprov

EYoua LW.

Fe N Se\ / f b) 4 Ka

avTap émnv citoto pedtppovos €& Epov nabe,

v , MRC.) Aigee> Suita: \ Nie / ge Tie!

EpyecOat 0 aw Ewol Kal intathov’ aeioety, 500

ets 6 KE K@pov ixnaOor, iv’ &EeTe miova vor.

358

Ill.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 474-501

_ Then far-working Apollo answered them and said :

« Strangers who once dwelt about wooded Cnossos

but now shall return no more each to his loved city

and fair house and dear wife; here shall you keep

my rich temple that is honoured by many men.

I am the son of Zeus; Apollo is my name: but

you I brought here over the wide gulf of the sea,

-meaning you no hurt; nay, here you shall keep my

rich temple that is greatly honoured among men,

and you shall know the plans of the deathless gods,

and by their will you shall be honoured continually

for all time. And now come, make haste and do

as I say. First loose the sheets and lower the sail,

and then draw the swift ship up upon the land.

Take out your goods and the gear of the straight

ship, and make an altar upon the beach of the sea:

light fire upon it and make an offering of white meal.

Next, stand side by side around the altar and pray:

and in as much as at the first on the hazy sea I

sprang upon the swift ship in the form of a dolphin,

pray to me as Apollo Delphinius; also the altar

itself shall be called Delphinius and overlooking!

for ever. Afterwards, sup beside your dark ship

and pour an offering to the blessed gods who dwell

on Olympus. But when you have put away craving

for sweet food, come with me singing the hymn

Ie Paean (Hail, Healer!), until you come to the

place where you shall keep my rich temple.”

1 The epithets are transferred from the god to his altar.

‘“‘Overlooking” is especially an epithet of Zeus, as in

Apollonius Rhodius ii. 1124.

359

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

t t aA . ’

‘Os pal’ ot & dpa Tod para pev KAVOV 76

é7OovTo.

e , \ va A a \ /

toTla ev TP@TOV KaOecay, AVoaV de Poetas,

€ \ x, ¢ / UA / ¢ /

iotov © toTodeKn TéXATAY TPOTOVOLaLW UdEvTeEs:

éx b€ Kal avtot Baivoy émi pnyyive Oaracons. 505

D) 2 256 \ 4 Ul \ b) \ Ad 3 cf

éx & aXos Hmerpovee Oonv ava vi EpvaavtTo

€ ~ 3 \ , CINE NDR \ /

von éri Wrapwabous, v0 6 EpuaTa pakpa Tavvoocay:

Kal Bapov Toinocay étt pnypive Oaddoons:

a hue) / Wis 7 \ VA

Top © émiKatovTes emt T ANhiTAa AevKA OvOVTES

A b] e b] 4 Z / \ f

evyovl’, as éxéheve, TaptoTdpevot Trept B@pov. 510

, 4 ’ O/- a x \ ff.

doptrov émetO eidovto Gon mapa vni medaivy

Kal ametcav pakdpeoot Oeots, of “OdvsTov

éxovow. ,

ea b) \ if Nie) / 3 ey c/

avrap émret TOTLOS Ka ed) TV0S é& epov Evo,

Bay p men” noxe © apa odiv avaké Atos vids

‘ATOAN@D,

popueyy. ev Xelper ow EXOD, épartou napifor, d15

KANG Kab bye BuBas: ot de f pyocovtes éTOVTO

Kpijres mpos Ilvém Kat inmatnov dEeLoov,

tot te Kpnta@v mraijoves, olai te Motvoa

év aoTnOecow €OnKe Ged perirynpuv aoonv.

aKENTOL O€ AOdov TrpocEeBav TOaiv, aifva 0 ixovTO 520

apvnoov Kat X@pov émnpatov, VO ap emweddov

olKHoELY TONAOLOL TEeTLMEeVOL! AaVOP@TrOLCL:

detée O° ayo adutov Ca@ecov Kal Tlova vyov.

Tov o @plVveTo Oumos évt ornderar gpirowce:

TOV Kal GVELpOpEVOS Kpnrav aryos avTiov n06a- 525

°O, dva, et 6? THrE hirov Kal TaTpioos ains

nyayes’ oUT@ Tov TO O@ hidov ETAETO Dupe:

1 Pierson: guedArAev . . . TeTimevor, MSS.

2 Hermann: @ & éreidn, MSS.

360

Ill.—TO PYTHIAN APOLLO, 502-527

So said Apollo. And they readily harkened to

him and obeyed him. First they unfastened the-

sheets and let down the sail and lowered the mast

by the forestays upon the mast-rest. Then, landing

upon the beach of the sea, they hauled up the ship

| from the water to dry land and fixed long stays

under it. Also they made an altar upon the beach

of the sea, and when they had lit a fire, made an

offering of white meal, and prayed standing around |

the altar as Apollo had bidden them. Then they

took their meal by the swift, black ship, and poured

an offering to the blessed gods who dwell on

Olympus. And when they had put away craving ~

for drink and food, they started out with the lord

Apollo, the son of Zeus, to lead them, holding a

lyre in his hands, and playing sweetly as he stepped

high and featly. So the Cretans followed him to

Pytho, marching in time as they chanted the Ie

Paean after the manner of the Cretan paean-singers

and of those in whose hearts the heavenly Muse has

put sweet-voiced song. With tireless feet they

approached the ridge and straightway came _ to

Parnassus and the lovely place where they were

to dwell honoured by many men. There Apollo

brought them and showed them his most holy

sanctuary and rich temple.

But their spirit was stirred in their dear breasts,

and the master of the Cretans asked him, saying:

““ Lord, since you have brought us here far from

our dear ones and our fatherland,—for so it seemed

3261

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

a \ ra , hoe / ”

TOS Kal vov BLowerOa; TO oe hpdlecOar avwypev.

‘ouTE TpUyNnhopos Hoe y EmHpaTos OUT EevAECLMOY,

oor ato T ev Cocv Kal du avOpe@rotow

3 VA

omaceL. 530

Tovs & émripednoas mpooepn Atos vies “Amro ov

Nyrtoe avOpwrrot, SueTANMOVES, OF peEOMVvAS

a 9/ 3 4 , N ba la

Bovrec? apyadéous Te Tovous Kat atelvea Ovo:

Creay, BY BA Ts aus NPS 2 \ J

pyiovov eros Bu epéw Kat emt ppect Ono,

dcEtTEph par’ ExaoTOS EYOV EV xerpt payatpayv, 535 |

opatew atel pia Ta © addova tavtTa Tapea Tatts

SccaT éuoi K aydywot TEeptkduTa PUN avOp@Trav:

pnov o€ Tpopvhrax oe, debe Je dé Pon av pore

evo ad ayetpomevav Kat Epa (Ovv Te wadLo Tas

[Setxvucbe Ovntotar ov O€ pect SéEo Dewiota. 539°

et O€ TLS Abpacins ov TreigEeTAat, AANX aroyHnoet'| 539°

né TL THUGLOY eros ETOETAL HE TL Epyov 540

e/ 3 A 1A b \ An 5 ,

UBpis 0, ) Oéuts oti KaTabyynTov avOpwrrar,

arrose eres? Upuiy anudvtopes avopes Ecovtat,

TOV UT avayKain OedpuncerO Hhuata TaVTa.

ov lA 4 \ \ ‘s a 7 ;

elpnTat ToL TWavTa: av oé dpeci anot PuvAaEaL.

Kai ov pév ott yatpe, Ards Kat Antovds vie» 545

avTap éy@ Kal ceto Kal AAANS pvHTOM aoLoNs.

IV

EIy EPMHN

‘Epunv tuvet, Movoa, Acos cat Masadoos vior,

KvaraAnvns pedéovta kal “Apxadins todupnrou,

dyyerov alavatav éprovviov, ov téxe Maia,

1 Allen suggests these two lines to fill the lacuna.

362

IV._TO HERMES, 1-3

good to your heart,—tell us now how we shall live.

That we would know of you. This land is not to be

desired either for vineyards or for pastures so that

we can live well thereon and also minister to

men.”

Then Apollo, the son of Zeus, smiled upon them

and said: “Foolish mortals and poor drudges are

you, that you seek cares and hard toils and straits!

Kasily will I tell you a word and set it in your

hearts. Though each one of you with knife in>

hand should slaughter sheep continually, yet would

you always have abundant store, even all that the

glorious tribes of men bring here for me. But

guard you my temple and receive the tribes of

men that gather to this place, and especially show

mortal men my will, and do you keep righteousness

in your heart. But if any shall be disobedient and

pay no heed to my warning, or if there shall be

any idle word or deed and outrage as is common

among mortal men, then other men shall be your

masters and with a strong hand shall make you

subject for ever. All has been told you: do you

keep it in your heart.”

And so, farewell, son of Zeus and Leto; but I will

remember you and another hymn also.

IV

TO HERMES

_ Muss, sing of Hermes, the son of Zeus and Maia,

lord of Cyllene and Arcadia rich in flocks, the luck-

bringing messenger of the immortals whom Maia

bare, the rich-tressed nymph, when she was joined in

363

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

voppn euT OKA, Mos, Atos év pinornre pyeioa,

aidoin: paKapav dé Oeay nrevae’ Operon,

av pov éow vaiovca TANT KLOD, evda Kpoviey

vumpn eum oka pLoryéo KETO VUKTOS apony@,

oppa KaTa yAuKVS UIrvos Exot NEvK@NEVOY " ‘Hpnyp,

AjGov aBavarovs te Geovs Ounrous T avOpeTous.

GX OTe O17 peydhovo Avos voos eSereneiTo,

TH Oe 709 O€KaTOS pects ovpave ET TIPLE TO,

cis TE pows ryaryev aplonud Te Epya TETUKTO®

Kal TOT éyeivaro Tatoa TOUT poToy, alpuhowntny,

ANLaTiip eAaTHpa Boor, HYNTOP: ovetpon,

VUKTOS orannr ipa, TUANOOKOY, O OS TAX’ EwedAeV

apdhavéew KrUTA Epya pet ADavaTtotot Ocotow.

GOS yeyovas wéow Huate eye apiten,

_ €o-Trépos Bods Kewpev ExnBorou ‘ArOX@VOS

TeTpaor TH mpotépn, TH pv TEKE TOTVLA Mata.

Os Kal, érresd1) pntpos am’ abavarav Pope yulov,

ovxéTt Onpov ExeltTo pévav Lep@ evi Nikva,

aXN 0 avaitas fyre. Boas “Amro vos

ovoov brrepBatvov trynpedéos avT poo.

eva Xéduv evpov EKTOATO peuptov dd Bor:

‘Epens Tot mpeticta Yéduy TERTHVAT GOLOOV

H pa ot avteBornoev érr’ avrgcinot Ovpyat

BooKxopuevn tpoTapotbe Sopav éptOndéa troiny,

cavra woalv Batvovaa: Aros 6 éptovvios vies

abpnoas éyéXacce Kal avtixa wovOov EevTre

2p Borov 709 [Lob peer ovo Lov" OvUK over ago.

Xaipe, puny é époecoa, XopoituTe, datos € eraipn,

aonacin Tpopavetca: modev 700€ Kadov aOupma

aloo bor paKov ésaoo | YéXdus Opert (oovca;

GND’ olow a és bapa. NaBov: Opedos TL Ol éoon,

ovd aTroTiLnow ov O€ “Ee TPWTLTTOV OVHATELS

1 Tyrrell: éoot, MSS.

364

10

15

20

a he ee

25°

30

30

IV.—TO HERMES, 4-35

love with Zeus,—a shy goddess, for she avoided = _

the company of the blessed gods, and lived within a

deep, shady cave. There the son of Cronos used to

lie with the rich-tressed nymph, unseen by deathless

gods and mortal men, at dead of night that sweet

sleep might hold white-armed Hera fast. And when

the purpose of great Zeus was fulfilled, and the

tenth moon with her was fixed in heaven, she was

delivered and a notable thing was come to pass.

For then she bare a son, of many shifts, blandly cun-

ning, a robber, a cattle driver, a bringer of dreams, |

-a watcher by night, a thief at the gates, one who

was soon to show forth wonderful deeds among the

deathless gods. Born with the dawning, at mid-day

he played on the lyre, and in the evening he stole

the cattle of far-shooting Apollo on the fourth day

of the month ; for on that day queenly Maia bare him.

So soon as he had leaped from his mother’s heavenly

womb, he lay not long waiting in his holy cradle, but

he sprang up and sought the oxen of Apollo. But as

he stepped over the threshold of the high-roofed

eave, he found a tortoise there and gained endless

delight. For it was Hermes who first made the

tortoise a singer. The creature fell in his way at

the courtyard gate, where it was feeding on the rich

grass before the dwelling, waddling along. When

he saw it, the luck-bringing son of Zeus laughed

and said :

“An omen of great luck for me so soon! I do

not slight it. Hail, comrade of the feast, lovely

in shape, sounding at the dance! With joy I meet

you! Where got you that rich gaud for covering, that

spangled shell—a tortoise living in the mountains?

But I will take and carry you within: you shall

help me and I will do you no disgrace, though first

365

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

oiKou Bérepov ElVaL, eT el BraBepov TO Obpnpiy

7 yap emnruoins TOAUTEMOVOS & EO EAL expa

Caova * ny dé Odvys, TOTE Kev pda KaNOV aetbors.

"Os a ap ep: Kab Nepaty ape apporepya wy aelpas

any elow KLE Sopa pepav épatesvov aOuppua. 40

évd avaTnpacas 1 yAuddve ToALolto otOnpov

aioy’ eSeropnoey oper K@oto XENOVIS.

as o Om-OT” @KU VOnUa Sud oTéEpPVOLO TEPHoN

avépos, dv Te Oaperal éTisTpapaot pmepLuvas, |

7 OTe OwwnO@ow am ob0arpav auapvyat, 45 |

Os aw em 0s Te Kat Epyov €p1}deTo KUVOLLOS Epps.

THEE 6 ap év HET poLar TQPLOV dovakas KANAMOLO

Tmevpnvas bua vara dtd p pivovo NerAovns.

appl be dépua tavucce Boos Tpamiderow € ENT L

Ka TIX ELS évéO nk , emt dé Curyov papev audoiv, 50

éemra be Onrurépov” o oLaov eravvaoaro yvopods.

avrap éqret 61) Tebge Aupyy,® € éparervov aduppa,

TAK PD émeupntice KATA pepo: y & wo XELpos

o epoanreov KovaSnae Beds O° U0 KaXov dedev _

é& avrooxedins TELPOLEVOS, NUTE Kovpor 55 |

nBnTat Garinat Tapar3ora KEPTOMEOUGLY,

appt Ata Kpovidny Kal Mauda KadAtTrédtXor,

as m-d.pos apiverkoy € éTatpein PiroTHTE,

hv T avToU ryeveny ovowaKAUTOV eFovoudtov"

dppuTohous TE yépatpe Kal ayaa Sapara viudns 60

Kab Tpimrobas Kata, oiKov é eT NETAVOUS TE A€BnTas. |

Kat Ta peD ovv HEeLde, TA Oe ppeov ada pevoiva.

Kat THY perv KaTEOnKE hépwy LEep@ Evi NiKva,

1 Tr.: avarnanoas, MSS.

2 Antigonus Carystius : Tumpayvors, MSS.

3 Guttmann: dépwr,

— 366

yatr Beeps mt

IV.—TO HERMES, 36-63

of all you must profit me. It is better to be at home:

harm may come out of doors. Living, you shall be a

spell against mischievous witchcraft !; but if you die,

then you shall make sweetest song.”

Thus speaking, he took up the tortoise in both

hands and went back into the house carrying his

charming toy. Then he cut off its limbs and scooped

out the marrow of the mountain-tortoise with a scoop

of grey iron. As a swift thought darts through the

heart of a man when thronging cares haunt him, or

as bright glances flash from the eye, so glorious’

' Hermes planned both thought and deed at once.

He cut stalks of reed to measure and fixed them,

fastening their ends across the back and through the

shell of the tortoise, and then stretched ox hide

all over it by his skill. Also he put in the horns

and fitted a cross-piece upon the two of them, and

stretched seven strings of sheep-gut. And when

he had finished the lyre, a lovely play-thing, he

took it and proved each string in turn with the

key. At the touch of his hand it sounded marvel-

lously; and, as he tried it, the god sang sweet

random snatches, even as youths bandy taunts at

festivals. He sang of Zeus the son of Cronos and

neat-shod Maia, the converse which they had before

in the -comradeship of love, telling all the glorious

tale of his own begetting. He celebrated, too, the

handmaids of the nymph, and her bright home, and

the tripods all about the house, and the abundant

cauldrons.

But while he was singing of all these, his heart

was bent on other matters. And he took the hollow

1 Pliny notices the efficacy of the flesh of a tortoise against

witchcraft. In Geoponica i. 14. 8 the living tortoise is

prescribed as a charm to preserve vineyards from hail.

367

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

/ / a aay, fa) b) /

popmryya yAapupynv: 0 8 dpa cpevdv éparivov —

ANTO KATA TKOTINY EVMdEOS x pLEyaPOLO 65

€ / / b \ > \ , «/ A

oppatvwy Sorov aimvy évi dpeciv, ota TE POTES

dyrnTat Ssémrovat pedaivns vuKTos ev wpn.

‘9

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3 ea a) 44, Xe > N bY gee: LAS A

avtotoiv @ tmmoiot Kai Gppacw: avrap ap HKpyns

IIvepins adixave Oéwv Gpea oxtoevta, 70

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evla Oeay paxadpwv Boes awBpotot avy eyecKov

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a / / e?7 +7 P] ’

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TEVTHKOVT WYEANS aTreTaLVETO BoOvS épLpvKous. om

TravodLas 6 HArAavVE S14 Yrauabadea yapov 75

iyve amoatpéwas: dodins & ov ANGeTO TEXVNS

avTia Toimoas oTAds, TAS TpdaOev ric Bev,

\ > + f \ o » oN

tas © émiev mpoobev’ Kata 6 éumadiv avTos

éRauve.

cavoara © avtixa piiv' émi wapabots adinow,

adpact nd davonta oiétrexe, Oavpata épya, 80 J

TULployoVv pwupikas Kal wupotwoedéas dCous.

A f 4 VA bY ef

T@Y TOTE TUVOHaAaS VEeoONAEOS AyKaXOV VANS

aBraBéws Uro Toaoly édncato cdvoada Kovda

n / nina id

avTotolw TeTaXoLoL TA KVOLMOS ApyespovTNs

4 , e , bd ys 9 )~

éotrace Iliepinfev odortopinv adeyvvev,” 85

A > 9 / \ eas > ,

old T érreryopmevos SodLYnV OOOV, AVTOTPOTHGAS.+

\ \ , Sah VA b) fas b \

Tov dé yépwv évonce Séuwv avOovoav adrwnpy

e/ / 9 9 \ ,

Léwevov tredtovee du ‘Oyynatov NEKXETTOLNV:

1 Postgate: eprver, MSS.

2 Windisch : adrcelvwy, MSS.

368

IV.—TO HERMES, 64-88

lyre and laid it in his sacred cradle, and sprang from ———~

the sweet-smelling hall to a watch-place, pondering

sheer trickery in his heart—deeds such as knavish

folk pursue in the dark night-time ; for he longed to

taste flesh.

The Sun was going down beneath the earth towards

Ocean with his horses and chariot when Hermes

came hurrying to the shadowy mountains of Pieria,

where the divine cattle of the blessed gods had their

steads and grazed the pleasant, unmown meadows. -

Of these the Son of Maia, the sharp-eyed slayer of

- Argus then cut off from the herd fifty loud-lowing

kine, and drove them straggling-wise across a sandy

place, turning their hoof-prints aside. Also, he

bethought him of a crafty ruse and reversed the

marks of their hoofs, making the front behind and

the hind before, while he himself walked the other

way.! Then he wove sandals with wicker-work by

the sand of the sea, wonderful things, unthought

of, unimagined; for he mixed together tamarisk

and myrtle-twigs, fastening together an armful of

their fresh, young wood, and tied them, leaves and

all securely under his feet as light sandals... That

brushwood the glorious Slayer of Argus plucked in

Pieria as he was preparing for his journey, making

shift ? as one making haste for a long journey.

But an old man tilling his flowering vineyard saw

him as he was hurrying down the plain through

1 Hermes makes the cattle walk backwards way, so that

they seem to be going towards the meadow instead of leaving

it (cp. 1. 345); he himself walks in the normal manner,

relying on his sandals as a disguise.

2 Such seems to be the meaning indicated by the context,

though the verb is taken by Allen and Sikes to mean, ‘‘to

be like oneself,” and so ‘‘ to be original.”

369

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

TOV T™pOTEpOS mpoaédn Mains epucvd€os vios*

ad) Yyépov, Oo TE pura CKATTELS EITLKAMTUAOS

@[L0US, 790

7) Tohvowvycets, evT adv Tae Tavra dépyor,

[et xe TLOn, para TEP He pn pEVOS év ppect ono. +} 9i*

Kal TE iSav by idov eivar Kat Koos axovcas,

Kal ovyay bTe pH TL KATABAaTTN TO TOV AUTO.

Toaoov pas TUvEreve * Booy idOcpa Kapnva.

Toa S don oxldevta Kal avA@VaS KEeNAdELVOUS 95

Kal weot av Oemoevra Sinhace KVELLOS “Eppa.

oppvain oe emLKOUpOS em aveTo Satpovin vue,

y TELOY, TAXA 5 dpOpos éyiyveto Snptoepyos:

) 6€ Véov CKOTLNV mpoceBraaro dia Lekyvn,

IIladvXravtos Ovyarno Meyapunseioao avaxTos. 100

Thwos em’ "AXderov trotrapwov Atos aXKLpLOS VLOS

DoiBov “AwodAAwvos Bods HrAagTEV elpupET@TOVS.

ax piyres 0 ixavov ém avALov bypipehad pov

Kall Anvovs _mpoTapoley a dpuTr peTréOs Netpavos.

eve emrel ev Botavns érrepopBet Bods é epywuKous 105

Kab Tas jpoev cwehaccey € éS avhov ab poas oveas,

Awrov EPETET O[Levas nO eponevta, KUTrELpOV"

cw 6 | epoper EvUha ToAXNd, wupos 6 émewaieTo

TEU.

Sadvns aryaov dfov EX@v is aLonpe@

” *

cp pevov év mahapy” dmvUTO 82 Deppos avTun 110

“Eppas TOL TPOTLTTA Tmupyia TUp T avedaxe.

TONNG O€ KaYKaVa KaNa KaTovoai@ € évt Bob pw

ovAa AaBov éréOnKev ernetavd: Aadpteto de

Grok

TNNOGE divcay ieloa TUPOS peya davopévolo.

1 Translator. 2 Demetrius: dacly éoeve, MSS.

379

IV.—TO HERMES, 80-114

grassy Onchestus. So the Son of Maia began and

said to him :

«“ Old man, digging about your vines with bowed

shoulders, surely you shall have much wine when

all these bear fruit, if you obey me and strictly

remember not to have seen what you have seen,

and not to have heard what you have heard, and

to keep silent when nothing of your own is harmed.’

When he had said this much, he hurried the strong

cattle on together : through many shadowy mountains

and echoing gorges and flowery plains glorious

Hermes drove them. And now the divine night,

his dark ally, was mostly passed, and dawn that

sets folk to work was quickly coming on, while

bright Selene, daughter of the lord Pallas, Megamedes’

son, had just climbed her watch-post, when the

strong Son of Zeus drove the wide-browed cattle of

Phoebus Apollo to the river Alpheus. And they

came unwearied to the high-roofed byres and the

drinking-troughs that were before the noble meadow.

Then, after he had well-fed the loud-bellowing cattle

with fodder and driven them into the byre, close-

packed and chewing lotus and dewy galingal, he

gathered a pile of wood and began to seek the art

of fire. He chose a stout laurel branch and trimmed

it with the knife . . .1 held firmly in his hand: and

the hot smoke rose up. For it was Hermes who

first invented fire-sticks and fire. Next he took

many dried sticks and piled them thick and plenty

in asunken trench: and flame began to glow,

spreading afar the blast of fierce-burning fire.

1 Kuhn points out that there is a lacuna here. In 1. 109

the borer is described, but the friction of this upon the fire-

block (to which the phrase ‘“‘held firmly” clearly belongs) ©

must also have been mentioned.

371

B B

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

"Op pa dé Tip avéxare Bin KAVTOD ‘H¢aterovo, 115

Toppa 8 bmoBpvxous ENLKAS Bods etNKe Oupate

d0Las dyxe TU pos" Stvapus b€ ot éaomeETo TON.

apport épas & é€ml vata xapal Bare puovomcas:

dykdiver ' O éxvAuvoe Ot atavas TETOPNT AS.

eoyo Oo epyov éTrale TAMwV Kpea Tiova Onu@’ 120

OnTA 8 cpu oBeoion TeTrAp Leva Souparéouae |

capkas omod Kat VOTA yEepdo jwa Kal péhav aipa

epypwevov év yoNdbecot' Ta © avTod xeit él

Xepns:

pevovs oy eferavucce KaTATTUpEND evi meT py),

@s éTt viv Ta MeTacoa TohvXpoveoe mepvace, 125

On pov 67) pera TAUTA Kal dicpeTov" avTap emrerTa

Epps Xappoppov Eipvcaro miova épya

Net@ él TAT LOVE Kab éoxioe dadexa potpas

KAnporranels' Tércov 8é yépas mpocéOnxev

exdorn.

ev? ootns Kpedov jipaaoato KVOLLOS Epps: 130

06 pn yap pee éTELpe Kal al dvatov TEP eovTa

moet GN’ 006 @S ol émretOeTo Gupos a arynvep,

KaL TE pan (petpovTe, mephvy t lephs KaTa OeLpnys.

GNNG TA Hev kareOncev és av voy dypipérapor,

On Lov Kal Kpea TONG, HETHOpa o ainy ayaetpe, 135

onua véns pops: éml 6é Evha KayKav ayelpas *

oUNOTFOO , OVAOKAPHVA TUPOS KATEOAMVAT AUTUMN.

1 Gemoll: éyxatvwy, MSS. 2 Tlgen: delpas, MSS,

1 The cows being on their sides on the ground, Hermes

bends their heads back towards their flanks and so can reach

their backbones.

2 O. Miiller thinks the ‘‘ hides” were a stalactite forma-

tion in the ‘‘ Cave of Nestor” near Messenian Pylos,—though

the cave of Hermes is near the Alpheus (1. 139). Others

372

IV.—TO HERMES, 115-137

And while the strength of glorious Hephaestus ~~

was beginning to kindle the fire, he dragged out two

lowing, horned cows close to the fire ; ; for great

strength was with him. He threw them both

panting upon their backs on the ground, and rolled

them on their sides, bending their necks over,! and

pierced their vital chord. Then he went on from

task to task: first he cut up the rich, fatted meat,

and pierced it with wooden spits, and roasted flesh

and the honourable chine and the paunch full of

dark blood all together. He laid them there upon

the ground, and spread out the hides on a rugged

rock: and so they are still there many ages after-

wards, a long, long time after all this, and are

continually. Next glad-hearted Hermes dragged

the rich meats he had prepared and put them on

a smooth, flat stone, and divided them into twelve

portions distributed by lot, making each portion

wholly honourable. Then glorious Hermes longed

for the sacrificial meat, for the sweet savour wearied

him, god though he was; nevertheless his proud

heart was not prevailed upon to devour the flesh,

although he greatly desired. But he put away

the fat and all the flesh in the high-roofed_ byre,

placing them high up to be a token of his youthful

theft. And after that he gathered dry sticks and

utterly destroyed with fire all the hoofs and all the

heads.

suggest that actual skins were shown as relics before some

cave near Triphylian Pylos.

> Gemoll explains that Hermes, having offered all the

meat as sacrifice to the Twelve Gods, remembers that he

himself as one of them must be content with the savour

instead of the substance of the sacrifice. Can it be that by

eating he would have forfeited the position he claimed as

one of the Twelve Gods?

373

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Avtap émet Tor TdvTa KaTa xpéos HvuceE

Salwov,

cavoana pmev mpoenkev és “AXdevov Badvdiwny:

avOpakiny & éudpave, Koviy 6 audOvuve péerawvav 140

Tavvuxtos’ KaNov b€ hows KaTéAapTre LEeAHvNS.

KvaraAnvns 8 aivy adtis apixeto Ota Kapnva

6pOptos, OVSE TL OF CoALYAS OOD avTEBOANGEV

ovte Oeov paxapaov ovte Ovntav avOpoToar,

ovde KUvES AeAdKOVTO: ALos & éprovvios Epuns 145

doxpadets peyapovo da hay. O pov éduvev ‘

aupy omopwy EVANLYKLOS, HUT opixny.

tOvoas 6 _avTpov eEixero mova ynov

Ka Toot TpoPiBav: ov yap KTUTEV, woTrED eT

ovoet.

ET TUMEVOS oe apa MKvOV eT NETO KUOLUOS ‘Eppas 150

oTapyavov app’ @ [LOLS eLhUpLEVOs, NUTE TEKVOV

VINT LOV, év Tmahapnot TED iryviot Aalpos ad bpov

KetTo, Xeduy eparany én apioTEpa XeLpos éépyov.

untépa S ovK dp édnOe Oeav Peds eizré Te po0ov-

Timre aU, TOLKLAOUNTA, TOKEV TOOE VUKTOS eV

apn ~ 155

EPXM» avaideiny € ETT LEL EVE; vou € [Lan ole

TAN apnxava Oerua Tepb TEupHow eXovT a,

ape yet vmTO YEepaot SveK mpobupoto Tepe ew

oe pepovTa petagv KAT dyKea Py rnTevoety.

ies TAN? wEeyadnv Fé TATNp épuTevae pépipvav 160

Ovytots wo perotce kat adavatotot Oeoior.

Thy & ‘Eppijs pvOouow apet Beto KEPOANEOLG U

prep eH» Ti [LE TAUTA dediaKedu,' NUTE TEKVOV

VHT LOV, OS PAAA TAdpa META Ppecly aicuAa ot0E,

1 Pierson : tirvoxea, MSS.

374

IV.—TO HERMES, 133-164

And when the god had duly finished all, he ae

threw his sandals into deep-eddying Alpheus, and

quenched the embers, covering the black ashes with

sand, and so spent the night while Selene’s soft

light shone down. Then the god went straight

back again at dawn to the bright crests of Cyllene,

and no one met him on the long journey either of

the blessed gods or mortal men, nor did any dog

bark. And luck-bringing Hermes, the son of Zeus,

_ passed edgeways through the key-hole of the hall like

the autumn breeze, even as mist: straight through

the cave he went and came to the rich inner

chamber, walking softly, and making no noise as one

might upon the floor. Then glorious Hermes went

hurriedly to his cradle, wrapping his swaddling

clothes about his shoulders as though he were a

feeble babe, and lay playing with the covering

about his knees; but at his left hand he kept close

his sweet lyre.

But the god did not pass unseen by the goddess

his mother; but she said to him: “ How now, you

rogue! Whence come you back so at night-time,

you that wear shamelessness as a garment? And

now I surely believe the son of Leto will soon have

you forth out of doors with unbreakable cords

about your ribs, or you will live a rogue’s life in

the glens robbing by whiles. Go to, then; your

father got you to be a great worry to mortal

men and deathless gods.”’

Then Hermes answered her with crafty words:

“Mother, why do you seek to frighten me like a

feeble child whose heart knows few words of blame,

375

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

TrapBaréov, Kal pntpos vmadelootKev evuTras; 165

avTap eyo Téxuns émeBHoopat, h TLS apioTn,

f Jr ato \ \ } f ; Oe @ A.

Bovkorewv EME Kal oe OvawmepEes* ovde Deolor

VOL per aOavatotow ad@pynror Kal AaNtoToL

avTov THE pevovTes aveFopel’, as od KedEvELS.

BérTepov Huata wavTa pet ABavdtors oapitev, 170

/ 3 f / A \ QA

TAOVGLOV, ADVELOV, TOAVANLOV, 7) KATA COOMA

dvtpw év nepoevtt Oaaccéwev? apt de TUUHS,

> \ A i (d 3 lp e b] f

KaY® THS oains eTLBNoomat, nS TEP ATrOAXNOV.

et O€ KE (1) OMNOL TATHP EL0S, H TOL eywryeE

/ f J yA 3

Teipnaw, Sivapat, PnANTEwWY Gpyamos cival. 175

ei O€ we épevvnoes Antovs Epixud€éos vios,

BY A € \ A ahs 3 4

GAXO Ti Ol KAL petCov oLomat avTLBorAHo Ev.

ely yap és IvOava péyay Sopuov avtitopncwr:

évOev ares Tpitrodas TEpLKANAEAS noe NEBNTAS

mopOjow Kat \KpucoD, didas T aidava otdnpov 180

Kal TmohNay eo Ora: ovo oped, ai Kk ’ edyaOa.

“Os ot ot pev p émréeoot T pos aNAHAOUS aryopevor,

vos T airytorxovo Atos Kat Twotvia Maia. —

‘Has o npuyevera hows Ovynroict pepovoa

@pvuT at “OKeavoto Babuppoov- avTap AmroANwv

‘Oyxnorovs abixave KLOV, TOAUI/paTOV aro 0s (186

aryvov epiapapayou Daunoxov: év0a yepovTa

Kvedahov EVE ve“ovTa Tap é&o0ov Epkeos args."

TOV TPOTEpos mpoaéhyn Antovs épuxvdeos vLOs’

a Yépov, ‘Oyxne Toi Barodpoe TOLNEVTOS, 190

Bois aTr0 Teepins Subj pevos éevOad ixdva, .

Tacas Onreias, Tacas Kepdeoow EXLKTGS,

5] 5) lA ce \ n b) f : aA > p We) 7

é& ayédys: 0 6€ Tavpos éBdoKeTO povvos am aAK@V

! Ludwich : BovAevwv, MSS. ae

2 Tr.: mape& 6500 €pxos dAwns, MSS.

376

IV.—_TO HERMES, 165-193

a fearful babe that fears its mother’s scolding?

Nay, but I will try whatever plan is best, and so

feed myself and you continually. We will not

be content to remain here, as you bid, alone of all

the gods unfee'd with offerings and prayers. Better

to live in fellowship with the deathless gods con-

tinually, rich, wealthy, and enjoying stores of grain,

than to sit always in a gloomy cave : and, as regards

honour, I too will enter upon the rite that Apollo has.

If my father will not give it me, I will seek—and I

am able—to be a prince of robbers. And if Leto’s

most glorious son shall seek me out, I think another

and a greater loss will befall him. For I will go to

Pytho to break into his great house, and will plunder

therefrom splendid tripods, and cauldrons, and gold,

and plenty of bright iron, and much apparel; and

you shall see it if you will.”

With such words they spoke together, the son of

Zeus who holds the aegis, and the lady Maia. Now

Eros the early born was rising from deep-flowing

cean, bringing light to men, when Apollo, as he

went, came to Onchestus, the lovely grove and

sacred place of the loud-roaring Holder of the

Earth. There he found an old man grazing his

beast along the pathway from his court-yard fence,

and the all-glorious Son of Leto began and said to

him.

“Old man, weeder! of grassy Onchestus, I am

come here from Pieria seeking cattle, cows all of

them, all with curving horns, from my herd. The

black bull was grazing alone away from the rest,

1 Int. ‘ thorn-plucker.”

377

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Kuaveos’ Yapotrol O€ KUVES KaTOTLA OEY ErrovTO

TEcoapeEs, HUTE HATES, OMOPpoves: of wev EXerhOey, 195

ot Te KUVES 6 TE TADPOS: 6 OH Trepl Oabwa TéTUKTAL

Tal 0 éBav nerLoLo véovy KaTASVOMEVOLO |

EK HANAKOD AELL@VOS ATO YAUKEPOLO VOMOLO.

TAUTA [OL ELTE, YEPALE TAAALYEVES, EL TOU OTWTAS

avépa tatoo émt Bova divatpnacovta KéAEvOov. 200

Tov & 0 yépav pvOorow apwetBopevos mpocéertrev™

® hiros, apyaréov wév, Bo OfOarpotcw tdotTOo,

mavtTa Aéyewv* ToAXOL yap obo TPHTTOVGLY OdiTAL,

TOV Ob MEV KAKA TONAA pEeUaoTes, OF SE Mar eaOra

poraow: Karerov | dé Sarpmevat éotw Exactov: 205

avTap éy@ mpomay 7pap és nédov KaTAOLYTA

ECKATTOV TeEpt ryouvoy aXwns olvoTrédoto:

Taide. O° eOoka, Peptore, capes ° OUK 0lda, von at,

os TLS O Tats, dua Bovaly évxpatpnow omnoes

VITLOS, eiye Oe papdov- emia Tpopadny o éBaduler. 210

eLomicw o aveEepy€, apn 5 éyev avtiov auTe.

7) po yépwv: 6 dé Odoaov odov Kie wor

aKkoucas’

olw@vov © évoet TavvaiTTEpon, auTika O éyvo

pmrntay yeyawrta Atos watda Kpovievos.

eT oUMEVMS & niEev ava& Avos vios “AmoAA@vV 215

és TIvXov nyabenv 6167 wEVvos eihirobas Bods,

moppupen vepeny KEKANUULMEVOS evpéas @{LOUS"

ixved T elo evonrev “ExnGoros et7ré te vor:

*Q T OTOL, 7 peya wits TOO opOarpotory

opdpmar-

ixpea bev TAOE 1 éoTh Body opboxpatpawy, 220

aNNa Tad TETPATTAL és aapodeov Aewpava:

Bypata & ob7’ avdpos TadE yiryveTas oUTE YUVAaLKOS

378

IV.—_TO HERMES, 194-222

but fierce-eyed hounds followed the cows, four of

them, all of one mind, like men. These were left

behind, the dogs and the bull—which is a great

marvel; but the cows strayed out of the soft

meadow, away from the pasture when the sun was

just going down. Now tell me this, old man born

long ago: have you seen. one passing along behind

those cows ?”’

Then the old man answered him and said: “ My

son, it is hard to tell all that one’s eyes see; for

many wayfarers pass to and fro this way, some bent

on much evil, and some on good: it is difficult to know

each one. However, I was digging about my plot

of vineyard all day long until the sun went down,

and I thought, good sir, but I do not know for

certain, that I marked a child, whoever the child

was, that followed long-horned cattle—an infant

who had a staff and kept walking from side to side:

he was driving them backwards way, with their

‘heads towards him.”

So said the eld man. And when Apollo heard

this report, he went yet more quickly on his way,

and presently, seeing a long-winged bird, he knew

at once by that omen that the thief was the child of

Zeus the son of Cronos. So the lord Apollo, son of

Zeus, hurried on to goodly Pylos seeking his

shambling oxen, and he had his broad shoulders

covered with a dark cloud. But when the Far-

Shooter perceived the tracks, he cried: ©

“Qh, oh! Truly this is a great marvel that my eyes

behold! These are indeed the tracks of straight-

horned oxen, but they are turned backwards towards

the flowery meadow. But these others are not the

footprints of man or woman or grey wolves or bears

379

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

OUTE AVKOV TTOALMY OUT APKT@Y OUTE NEOVTOV:

ouTE TL Kevtavpov Aacravbxevos ENO [aL eivat,

os mus Tota TENwWPAa Supe Toot KAPTANL MOLE LY" 225

aiva pev evdev éSoi0, Ta & aivorep évOev odoio.

“Os etreav iEev dvak Atos vids *ATrodX@V: ©

Kuaagjuns & adixavev dpos KaTacimevov bry,

TETPNS €S Kevd parva, Babvcxiov, ev0a Te vipdy

apBpoain ehoxeuoe Avos maida Kpoviwvos. 230]

66un 0 imepoecoa dz’ ovpeos nyabéoto |

KLOVATO, TOAAG O€ HAA TavavTroda BoaKeTo Tony. |}

eva TOTE oMEvOwY KaTeBnaato Aauwov ovoov :

SPOR és mje poev exatnBonros avTos “ArroA@D, |

Tov & as oy évonae Atos kat Maddos vids _—.235)

YwOouevov Tept Bovolv éExnBorov A7mroAA@Va,

ondpyay éow Katéduve Ounevt > nvTE TOAAHY

Tpéemverv avOpaxinyv UAns aT0d0s auchena dur ret,

Os ‘Eppas ‘Exdepyov ideo aveevnen * éaUTOV.

év © oniry@ ovvéhacce Kapn vetpas TE mooas Te, 240)

a pa VEONNOVTOS, T poKAahevpLEvos pOvpov v Umvov,

eypiao wv éTeov ye Kehuy 6 UTrO pacXany ele.

yo S| ove nyvoinae Atos Kal Anrovs viOS

voppny T oupeiny TEpLKAAAEA Kal pirov ULOV,

TAL oNuyov, dodins cihupevov € evTpoTingt. 245

TAN THVAS 5 ava TAVTa peux ov peyarovo dopoto

Tpets GOUTOUS a ave@ye NaBov Krqioa pacuyny

VEKT AOS eum hetous nO apBpoacins € eparewhs:

TONNOS O€ Xpua os TE Kab apyupos évoov & EKELTO,

TONG dé powiKoerTa Kal apyupa, eiuara VULNS, 2508

oia Geav MaKadpov Lepol Sopor € évTOS exouow:

évO’ érret é&epéetve pwuyovs peyadoto Sopovo

Anroidns, utv0ocot mpoonvda Kvdisov Eppnv:

1 Lohsee: adréewvey, MSS. | |

‘

380

IV.—_TO HERMES, 223-253

or lions, nor do I think they are the tracks of a

rough-maned Centaur—whoever it be that with

swift feet makes such monstrous footprints; won-

derful are the tracks on this side of the way, but

yet more wonderful are those on that.”

When he had so said, the lord Apollo, the Son of

Zeus hastened on and came to the forest-clad

mountain of Cyllene and the deep-shadowed cave in

the rock where the divine nymph brought forth the

child of Zeus who is the son of Cronos. A sweet

odour spread over the lovely hill, and many thin-

shanked sheep were grazing on the grass. Then

far-shooting Apollo himself stepped down in haste

over the stone threshold into the dusky cave.

Now when the Son of Zeus and Maia saw Apollo

in a rage about his cattle, he snuggled down in his

fragrant swaddling-clothes ; and as wood-ash covers

over the deep embers of tree-stumps, so Hermes

cuddled himself up when he saw the Far-Shooter.

He squeezed head and hands and feet together in a

small space, like a new born child seeking sweet

sleep, though in truth he was wide awake, and he

kept his lyre under his armpit. But the Son of

Leto was aware and failed not to perceive the

beautiful mountain-nymph and her dear son, albeit

a little child and swathed so craftily. He peered

in every corner of the great dwelling and, taking

a bright key, he opened three closets full of nectar

and lovely ambrosia. And much gold and silver was

stored in them, and many garments of the nymph,

some purple and some silvery white, such as are kept

in the sacred houses of the blessed gods. ‘Then,

after the Son of Leto had searched out the recesses

of the great house, he spake to glorious Hermes :

381

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

*Q mai, bs év Nixv@ KaTdaKeal, pave poe Bobs

Oaooov érel raya vat Stora opel’ ov KATA Koo pov. 255)

pirpo yap oe AaB é € Taprapov » nepoevTa,

és Copoy aivomopov Kat aunyavov: ovdé ce unTHpP

5) / 2O\ \ 5) / 5) es MY 4

és hdos ovdé TATHP avadvceTAal, GAN VITO yain

éppnoes ONjtiyoLoe peT avopdaty Hyepovevav.

Tov & “Epyjs wt0orow apeiBero xepdaréotor 260

Antoidsn, tiva Todtov atnvéa po0ov eetras; |

\ A 3 s- V4 b) AN es ,

Kal Bods aypavrous dtfnwevos éevOad txavers;

> 3 3 if 3 BA lal a

OvK ioov, ov TUdOUNY, OVK AANOU pUOOY aKovCA'

ovuK av pnvicalm, OVK av unVUTpOV apoimuny

ovdé Bow éXaTHpl, KpaTald Poti, éorKa. 265

3 sf NX BY a VA A blA VA |

OUK €“ov Epyov TOUTO, Tapos SE wot AANA peunreEV*

darvos émot ye péunre Kal nuetépns yada untpos

omdpyava T aud wporow xe Kal Oeppa NoeT pa.

pay TLS TOUTO mvdorro, moOev TOOE VELKOS ere On:

Kab Kev on peya Gatvpa pet abavatoor yevouro, 270

Taioa veov yeyaara OLexK 7 poO porto mepijoat

Bovotv é em * aypavhotee’ TO 0 ampeTréws dryopevers.

Os yevouny, amanol 6€ modes, tTenxela S tro

Ov.

es 6 €0édets, maTpos Kepadnv peéyav OpKov

opodpat:

pa) pev eyo HT avros UTLoVoOMat ai cos eiva, 275 |

pyre TW adv Om wT a _Boay Kom ov UpeTepawy,

at Teves ai Boes eto TO be Khéos olov aKovw.

\ 7 >

Os ap ébn xat tmuxvov amd Bredhapav apa-

"ae ets

9 nm ¢€ / e€ , 54 NV PoP

oppus perTaveakey opmpevos évOa Kal évOa,

1 Schneidewin: yer’, MSS.

382

IV.—TO HERMES, 254-279

“Child, lying in the cradle, make haste and tell

me of my cattle, or we two will soon fall out angrily.

For [ will take and cast you into dusky Tartarus and

awful hopeless darkness, and neither your mother

nor your father shall free you or bring you up again

to the light, but you will wander under the earth

and be the leader amongst little folk.” }

Then Hermes answered him with crafty words:

“ Son of Leto, what harsh words are these you have

spoken? And is it cattle of the field you are come

here to seek? I have not seen them: I have not

heard of them: no one has told me of them. I

cannot give news of them, nor win the reward for

news. Am [ like a cattle-lifter, a stalwart person?

This is no task for me: rather I care for other things :

I care for sleep, and milk of my mother’s breast, and

wrappings round my shouiders, and warm baths. Let

no one hear the cause of this dispute ; for this would

be a great marvel indeed among the deathless gods,

that a child newly born should pass in through the

forepart of the house with cattle of the field : herein

you speak extravagantly. I was born yesterday, and

my feet are soft and the ground beneath is rough ;

nevertheless, if you will have it so, I will swear a great

oath by my father’s head and vow that neither am I

guilty myself, neither have I seen any other who

stole your cows—whatever cows may be; for I know

them only by hearsay.’’.

So, then, said Hermes, shooting quick glances from

his eyes: and he kept raising his brows and looking

.1 Hermes is ambitious (1. 175), but if he is cast into Hades

he will have to be content with the leadership of mere

babies like himself, since those in Hades retain the state of

growth—whether childhood or manhood—in which they are

at the moment of leaving the upper world.

383

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

pap aroaupibov, adtov Tov wvO0ov axov@v. —-.280

Tov & amadov yerddoas mpocédyn éxdepyos

’AtroANwv:

@ WETOV, NITEPOTEVTA, OONOPPACES, 7) TE MAN olw

TONAGKLS AVTLTOPODYTA OOmoUS Ev VaLETAOVTAS

eyyuxov ovxy &va podvov én’ ovdei OTA Kabiccar,

axevalovta KaT oixov atep Wodou, of aryopevers: 285

TONANOVS © aypavAOUS aKkaYynoels UNNOPoTHpas

ovpeos év Bioons, oToT av Kperov éepatifov

avTas Bovkortouct Kal eipoTroKots der owy. |

GNX’ aye, hI) TWHaTOV Te Kal Va TaToOV UTvov iavans,

éx NiKvou KaTdBawve, wedaivns vUKTOS éTAatpe. 290

TOUTO yap ovv Kal émerta pet alavdatots yépas

é&ers.

apxKos Pyrnrewy KeKhno eat NuaTa TAVTQ. ;

“Os ap’ én kal taida AaBav dépe PoiBos

“Arie.

au 0 apa ppaccdpwevos tote 67 Kpatvs Apyei-

povrns

OLWVOV ™poenKev GELPOMEVOS peTa xepat, 295

Thypwova yao pos eptBov, at do Ganov ayyeorny.

ETTUMEVOS dé poe” avTov emem Tape toto © ’AmréANwY

ExAveEV, EK YELP@V O€ Kapa Bare KUOL MOV ‘Epunv.

éCero de 7 poTrapotbe Kal eo a UpLevos Ep odoto

‘Kppeqv Keptopéwy Kat pv 7 pos pdbov € EEL TE 300

Odpcer, oTapyaviora, Aus Kat Mazddos VLE

evpno@ Kai mrerTa Bow iPOipa Kapnva

TOUTOLS ot@voioe ov S abl OOOV nHryEmovevoets.

“Os 48° 6 & adt’ dvopovoe Powis KurdHvW05

‘Eppis, |

384

IV.—TO HERMES, 280-304

this way and that, whistling long and listening to ae

Apolle’s story as to an idle tale.

But far-working Apollo laughed softly and said ‘to

him: “O rogue, deceiver, crafty in heart, you talk

so innocently that I most surely believe that you

have broken into many a well-built house and stripped

more than one poor wretch bare this night,! gathering

his goods together all over the house without noise.

You will plague many a lonely herdsman in mountain

_glades, when you come on herds and thick-fleeced

sheep, and have a hankering after flesh. But come

now, if you would not sleep your last and latest

sleep, get out of your cradle, you comrade of dark

night. Surely hereafter this shall be your title

amongst the deathless gods, to be called the prince

of robbers continually.”

_ So said Phoebus Apollo, and took the child and

began to carry him. But at that moment the strong

Slayer of Argus had his plan, and, while Apollo held

him in his hands, sent forth an omen, a hard-worked

belly-serf, a rude messenger, and sneezed directly

after. And when Apollo heard it, he dropped

glorious Hermes out of his hands on the ground: then

sitting down before him, though he was eager to

go on his way, he spoke mockingly to Hermes :

“Fear not, little swaddling baby, son of Zeus and

Maia. I shall find the strong cattle presently by

these omens, and you shall ee the way.’

When Apollo had so said, Cyllenian Eis

1 Literally, ‘‘you have made him sit on the floor,” i.e.

-** you have stolen everything down to his last chair.”

385

&.¢€

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

omoven iov dudw 6& tap ovata Yepolv ewber 305

TT Ap YAvoy app’ Golo éeApevos, elre O€ pidov:

TI) pe pépers, ‘Exdepye, Oey CapeveaTare TAVTOV;

a] je Boop & evex woe Koovpevos Opa oronevers ;

@ TOTO; el’ amodorto Bowv yevos: ov yap eyo ye

UpeTepas éxrea Boas ovo aNov oTwTa, Yt. 310

aitives at Boes tot TO Oe KNEOS OlOV AKOVO.

60s b€ Otenv Kat d€€o Tapa Znvi Kpoviwv.

Avrap émel TA exaora Svappnony EplOarvov

Eppijs T oloToXos Kat Anrods ay haos VLOS, |

apis Ovpov éyortes. 0 ev vnwepTéa Pwviyy 315 §

x x x gk

ovK adixkws emt Bovaly érabuto xvd.pov Kpuny,

avTap 0 Téyvnoty Te Kal aipvAoloe oyouoty

njPedev efarraray Kuddjvios “Apyuporogor.

avTap ene TONUPNTES E@V TOMULNYAVOV EUPED,

Eo TUMEVOS On ¢ émetta bua apa ovo Bac.fe - 320

mpoabev, atap Katomta0e Avos cal Antods vids.

ainvva dé tépO pov ixovto Ov@deos OvAUpTFOLO

és tatépa Kpoviwva Atos mepixadr€a Téxva*

KetOe Nigi apdhotépotat iKns KaTéKEeLTO TdNAYTA.

oupurin? & ey’ “Odvperov aryavyipov, abdvator dé 325

apGrror iryepeO ovo peta xpvc ol povoy "Ho.?

"Eotncay © Epps. Te Kal apyuporotos ‘ATOd@D |

mpoa Oe Autos youvay’ 0 0 0° aveipeTo Paidipmov Vidor |

Levs vyriBpeuéerns Kati pov mpos wo0or éevrre:

PoiBe, qoGev TAVTOV pevoerKea Anio? éXNavvets, 330

Tmatoa véov yeyaara, puny KNPUKOS éxovTa;

amovdatov Tode XpHpua Oedy weO” opnyupiv HrOe.

1 Allen’s (Oxf. Text) suggestion : eduidln, M: randy:

other MSS.

2 EK and L (in margin): mor) rrdxas OdAdmaroo, other MSS.

286

sprang up quickly, starting in haste. With both

hands he pushed up to his ears the covering that he

had wrapped about his shoulders, and said :

« Where are you carrying me, Far-Worker, hastiest

of all the gods? Is it because of your cattle that

you are so angry and harass me’ O dear, would

that all the sort of oxen might perish ; for it is not

I who stole your cows, nor did I see another steal

them—whatever cows may be, and of that | have

only heard report. Nay, give right and take it

_ before Zeus, the Son of Cronos.”

So Hermes the shepherd and Leto’s glorious son

kept stubbornly disputing each article of their quarrel ;

Apollo, speaking truly

not unfairly sought to seize glorious Hern mes because

of the cows; but he, the Cyllenian, tried to deceive

the God of the Silver Bow with tricks and cunning

words. But when, though he had many wiles, he

found the other had as many shifts, he began to

walk across the sand, himself in front, while the

Son of Zeus and Leto came behind. Soon they

came, these lovely children of Zeus, to the top of

fragrant Olympus, to their father, the Son of

Cronos ; for there were the scales of judgement set

for them both. There was an assembly on snowy

Olympus, and the immortals who perish not were

gathering after the hour of gold-throned Dawn.

Then Hermes and Apollo of the Silver Bow stood

at the knees of Zeus: and Zeus who thunders on

high spoke to his glorious son and asked him :

“ Phoebus, whence come you driving this great

spoil, a child new born that has the look of a herald?

This is a weighty matter that is come before the

council of the gods.”

337

¢¢2

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Tov & adte T poo éerev dvat ex depyos "ATOANOY"

@ marep, 7 Taxa poeov AKOUOEAL OVK charradven,

KEPTOMEDY Qs olos éya pidoAHLOS Eb pe. 335

Taiod Tw evpov Tovde StaTTpvaLoV KEepaiaTiD

Kvarrjvns év 6pecot, Todvdy b1a YMpov avvcoas,

KépTOMoV, OLov eyo ye Oewv ovK addov OTWTA

ove dvOpav, 0 OTOGOL yj aipBporot 6lo emt yain.

xhewpas 0 O ék AeLpavos éuas Bods wyer éXNavvav 340

éoméplos Tapa Jiva mou rota foro Paraoons,

evdv Trove’ éXdov: 7 Oa p ixvea dota méhopa,

ota T ayaooac bat, Kab pie daipovos épya.

Tow ev yap Bovolv és ao podedov Aewpaova

avria Bnwar’ éxouoa wouss avepawve pérava B45

avTos O exTOS 0600, TLS! apnXavos, our apa TOooW

ovUT apa xEpoty éBatve Oud Wwapualodea X@pov- |

GNN Day TWA pir éXov d1éTpuBe KérXevOa

Tota TEMP @s el TLs aparnat Spvat Baivot. |

dppa pev ovv édi@xe dia papalosea X@pon, et 3508

peta jean ixped TATA Ovem perrev € éy Kovinaw*

avTap eT el yrapalovo péeyav oti Bov éLenépnaen,

appactos yeéveT ana Boay aTtiBos noe Kat avTov

X@pov a ava KpaTepov" Tov O eppdcaro Spores a avi) p

8, ITbAov evdus eNovra Bowy yevos eUpUMET@T OY, 355

avTap érel 617 Tas ev ev HovyXin KaTéepEe

Kal SvarrupTrarapnoev 60d TO pwev évOa, TO d évOa,

ev MKve KATEKELTO pedaivy VUKTL €OLK@S,

avr pe év jepoevTe Kata Copov' ovoé Kev avrov |

aieros OED Kawy eoxéato: Todda O€ Yepolw —- 3860

avryas apopyate Sorogppoovvny dNeyvov.

avTos } avTixa po00ov amnreyéws ayopever*

1 Translator : otros 88 éxrés, MSS.

338

IV.—TO HERMES, 333-362

Then the lord, far-working Apollo, answered

him: “O my father, you shall soon hear no trifling

tale though you reproach me that I alone am

fond of spoil. Here is a child, a burgling robber,

whom I found after a long journey in the hills of

Cyllene: for my part I have never seen one so

pert either among the gods or all men that catch

folk unawares throughout the world. He stole away

my cows from their meadow and drove them off in

_ the evening along the shore of the loud-roaring sea,

making straight for Pylos. There were double

tracks, and wonderful they were, such as one might

marvel at, the doing of a clever sprite; for as for

the cows, the dark dust kept and: showed their foot-

prints leading towards the flowery meadow ; but he

himself—bewildering creature—crossed the sandy

ground outside the path, not on his feet nor yet on

his hands; but, furnished with some other means

he trudged his way—wonder of wonders !—as though

one walked on slender oak-trees. Now while he

followed the cattle across sandy ground, all the ~

tracks showed quite clearly in the dust; but when —

he had finished the long way across the sand,

presently the cows’ track and his own could not

be traced over the hard ground. But a mortal

man noticed him as he drove the wide-browed

kine straight towards Pylos. And as soon as he

had shut them up quietly, and had gone home by

erafty turns and twists, he lay down in his cradle in

the gloom of a dim cave, as still as dark night, so

that not even an eagle keenly gazing would have

spied him. Much he rubbed his eyes with his hands

as he prepared falsehood, and himself straightway

said roundly: ‘I have not seen them: I have not

389

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ovK LOoV, OU mrudouny, ovK ddAou podov dxovea

OUOE KE pve arp : ove av penvuT pov Gpotunv.

"H Toe dp @s eit@v Kat ap e€eto DoiBos

"ATroAN wv’ 365

‘Epujs 6 ane ere pobep aperBopevos ¢ ET 0S nb6a,'

detEato 6 és K poviova,. Peay on MavT ope TaVToOV

Lev TATED, 7 TOU eyo cou arnOeiny KatarhéEa:

UN LEPTNS TE yap elput Kat oUK o10a Wevder Oat.

mroev € és TET Epov Oubipevos etdiTrodas Bots 370

OH MLEPOV neALOLO véov eTUTENOMEVOLO™

ovde Oeav paxdpov aye eaptupas ovde KATOTTTAS,

penvobery oe éxéhevev avayKains vTro TONS,

TONG 6€ pe nmreihna € Banreiv és Taprapov evpur,

obvex O pev TEpEV avOos & EVEL PrroKnvo€os nBns, 375

avTap ery@ xOCos yevounv, Ta 06 T otde eat avTOS,

ovTe Bowv eharipr, KpaTare pori, cous.

met eo: Kal Yap é {Leto TATNP piros eUxXeaL eival,

@S ovK oiKad éXacoa Boas, Os OrBtos einy,

ovd vmép ovoov EBnv: TO 6é bi aTPEKEDS ayopeva. 380

‘HeAwov dé par aidseomar Kal dalpwovas ad)ous,

Kab ge Pro Kal TOUTOV oTrtCopat: ota 0a Kal AUTOS,

as ovK GUTLOS €but peyav 6 émid@copat? dpKov'

ov pa rae aavatov evKoopynta mpoOvpata.

Kal Tou * eyo TOUT TiC® Tore vnrea popyrs 385

Kat Kpatep® TEp éovTe’ oD O OMAOTEPOLO LY apnye.

1 Os par emirdivov Kunagjveos “A pyethovrns”

Kal TO oTrapyavoy elyev er WAEVN OVS améBanXe.

Zevs dé wey’ e&eyéXaccev tOw@y Kakomndéa Traioa

1 Most MSS.: &AAov pdOov ev abavaroiow eerrev (‘told

another story among the immortals”), KE and L (in margin).

2 Barnes : emidevouar, M: éaidaloua:, other MSS.

3 Hermann : zor’, MSS.

Joe

IV.—TO HERMES, 363-389

heard of them: no man has told me of them. I

could not tell you of them, nor win the reward of

telling.’ ”

When he had so spoken, Phoebus Apollo sat down.

But Hermes on his part answered and said, point-

ing at the Son of Cronos, the lord of all the

gods:

“Zeus, my father, indeed I will speak truth to

you; for I am truthful and I cannot tell a lie. He

_eame to our house to-day looking for his shambling

cows, as the sun was newly rising. He brought no

witnesses with him nor any of the blessed gods who

had seen the theft, but with great violence ordered

me to confess, threatening much to throw me into

wide Tartarus. For he has the rich bloom of glorious

youth, while I was born but yesterday——as he too

knows —, nor am [I like a cattle-lifter, a sturdy fellow.

Believe my tale (for you claim to be my own father),

that I did not drive his cows to my house—so may I

prosper —nor crossed the threshold: this I say truly.

I reverence Helios greatly and the other gods, and

you I love and him I dread. You yourself know

that [ am not guilty: and I will swear a great oath

upon it :—No! by these rich-decked porticoes of the

gods. And some day I will punish him, strong as he

is, for this pitiless inquisition ; but now do you help

the younger.

So spake the Cyllenian, the Slayer of Argus, while

he kept shooting sidelong glances and kept his

swaddling-clothes upon his arm, and did not cast

them away. But Zeus laughed out loud to see his

391

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ED Kal ETLOTAMEVOS d.pvevpLevov api Boeoow. 390

dppoT epous & éxéXNevoev omog pova: Oupov é EYOVTAS

enrevery, Eppiy | de Oude Topov mye HovEevELy

wal detFat TOV Xopov ér aBdaBinor V00L0,

onmn 61) AUT amexpue Boor ipOrwa Kapnva.

vevoev O€ Kpovidys, emreTretOeTo 6 arYA0S -Eppijs: 395

pois 1p émrese Atos voos aiysoyoto.

To & audo omrevoovTe Autos 7 EpiKanhea TEKVA

és ITbdov jpaboevra € em "AXdetov mopov tov:

dypous S eEtKovTo Ka audLov byrcpehab pon, |

x00 1 On Ta XPnpear aTANNETO VUKTOS év apy. 400

end ‘Kpens ev erecta Ki@v mapa NaLVOV AVTpoV

és das éEjrauve Bowv ibOipua Kapnva’

Anrotdns & amateplev Lov evonge Boetas

TéETPN ET NALBATO, TAXA O El peTO Kvotmov Kpunv:

Ilas éduva, Sodopiira, vw Boe OelpoTounaat, 405

MOE VEOYVOS €@V Kal VHTLOS 5 AUTOS eyo Ye

Oavpaiva Katoricbe TO cov KpaToOs: OVOE TL OE XP1)

[Lak pov acEerbau, Kuragjnre, Matdéos vié.

“Os ap’ edn kal xyepat Tepioa Tpepe Kaptepa deo pa

[evdjoae PEMAS ‘Eppa Kpatepatat Avyoure.” 409"

Tov © ove ioyave Seopa, AVyo. 8 amo THAOCCE

TtrTov °| 7 409)

dryvou: Tal 6 UT0 Todal KaTa XOovos aia pvovTo

avroben, eu Bohadyy co TPaLpLeval GXANANCL, 41]

peta Te Kal_Tdonow eT aypavrouet Boecow,

‘EK ppéw Bovrjar Kewpippovos: avTap "ATroAA@Y

Javpacev dO pinaas. Tore 61) KpaTus ‘Apyeupovtns

Yapov UTOBAHSnY éoKéaTo, TIP awapvcdwV, 415

x * x* *

1 Fick : 7x’ od and 4x ob, MSS: éxov, M.

2 Allen. %’ Hymn to Dionysus, 13,

394

IV.—TO HERMES, 390-415

evil-plotting child well and cunningly denying guilt

about the cattle. And he bade them both to be

of one mind and search for the cattle, and guiding

Hermes to lead the way and, without mischievous-

ness of heart, to show the place where now he had

hidden the strong cattle. Then the Son of Cronos

bowed his head: and goodly Hermes obeyed him;

for the will of Zeus who holds the aegis easily

prevailed with him.

Then the two all-glorious children of Zeus

hastened both to sandy Pylos, and reached the ford of

Alpheus, and came to the fields and the high-roofed

byre where the beasts were cherished at night-time.

Now while Hermes went to the cave in the rock and

began to drive out the strong cattle, the son of Leto, .

looking aside, saw the cowhides on the sheer rock.

And he asked glorious Hermes at once:

“How were you able, you crafty rogue, to flay

two cows, new-born and babyish as you are? For

my part, I dread the strength that will be yours:

there is no need you should keep growing long,

Cyllenian, son of Maia!”

So saying, Apollo twisted strong withes with his

hands meaning to bind Hermes with firm bands ;

but the bands would not hold him, and the withes

of osier fell far from him and began to grow at once

from the ground beneath their feet in that very place.

And intertwining with one another, they quickly

grew and covered all the wild-roving cattle by the

will of thievish Hermes, so that Apollo was astonished

as he gazed.

Then the strong slayer of Argus looked furtively

upon the ground with eyes flashing fire .. .

desiring to hide . .. Very easily he softened the

393

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

eryepuyra re pucicos: Anrtovs 6 épixvo0€eos viov

peta par é mr pnuvEY éxnBonror, QS eOeh avTos,

Kab Kparepov mTep éovta’ NaBov & ér pe is

VELPOS

TANKT PD émrerpntice KaTa mépos* 1) O VITO xELpos

o wepoa €or covaBnoe yéhacae se Poi Bos *Amro\Xov

ynOnoas, € €pary | dé O1a ppévas rue’ LON: 421

Jeotrecins évoTris Kai mw prunes | iwEpos HpeL

Ouu® axovalovta: Aven & éparov KiOapiFov

aTh p & ye Oaponoas én’ aptatepa Masados vidos

PoiBov "AmroAAwvos: Taxa dé Auyéws KBapivov 425

ynpuer apuBoradnv—épatn bé ol EoTETO povn—

Kpaivev aBavarous TE Geos Kal yatav epemvnpy,

@S TA mpara yevovTo Kal WS axe pootpav ExaoTos.

Mynpoovyny jev mpara Jeadv éryépatpev aouoh, 3

pnTepa Movoawv: yap Aaxe Maudoos vioy" 430

Tous 0€ KaTa mpeo Bu TE KAL @S yeydaow EKATTOS

alavarous € eyepaupe Jeous Awos dryhaos UVLOS,

TaVT eveTov KaTa Koo HOV, eT @NEVLOV KiOapivov.

TOV 0 Epos év aTnJecow a aunxavos alvuto Oupopr,

Kab pv povicas ¢ eT ed TTEPOEVTOL Tpoonvea: 435

Bougove, LNXAVLATA, TOvEvpEveE, Saitos éraipe,

TEVTHKOVTA Boov avTaéla TAVTA MéuNraQS.

novyltws Kab ererta Siaxpwéer bas iw"

vov © aye pot TOE et7ré, TOAVTPOTE Matdédos viE,

Hh ool y éx yeveTis Ta Gy EotreTo Oavpata épya 440

née TLS ADavaTav He OvynTav avOpaTreVv

d@pov aryavov édwKe Kal eppace Jeon aoudyv ;

Javpaciny yap THVOE VENPATOV dooay aKove,

Ny ov To TOTE Pypse Sanpevat ovTe TL avd pov

ovte TY ABavaTor, ot ‘OAbperrva S@LaT éxouct, 445

voope c€Oev, PnrAnTAa, Atos Kal Maddog vié.

394

2

IV.—TO HERMES, 416—446

son of all-glorious Leto as he would, stern though

the Far-shooter was. He took the lyre upon his

left arm and tried each string in turn with the key,

so that it sounded awesomely at his touch. And

Phoebus Apollo laughed for joy; for the sweet throb

of the marvellous music went to his heart, and a soft

longing took hold on his soul as he listened. Then

the son of Maia, harping sweetly upon his lyre, took

courage and stood at the left hand of Phoebus

Apollo; and soon, while he played shrilly on his

_lyre, he lifted up his voice and sang, and lovely was

the sound of his voice that followed. He sang the

story of the deathless gods and of the dark earth,

how at the first they came to be, and how each one

received his portion. First among the gods he

honoured Mnemosyne, mother of the Muses, in his

song; for the son of Maia was of her following. And

next the goodly son of Zeus hymned the rest of the

immortals according to their order in age, and told

how each was born, mentioning all in order as he

struck the lyre upon his arm. But Apollo was seized

with a longing not to be allayed, and he opened his

mouth and spoke winged words to Hermes:

“Slayer of oxen, trickster, busy one, comrade of

the feast, this song of yours is worth fifty cows, and

I believe that presently we shall settle our quarrel

peacefully. But come now, tell me this, resourceful

son of Maia: has this marvellous thing been with

you from your birth, or did some god or mortal man

give it you—a noble gift—and teach you heavenly

song? For wonderful is this new-uttered sound I

hear, the like of which I vow that no man nor god

dwelling on Olympus ever yet has known but you, O

thievish son of Maia. What skill is this? What

395

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

TUS TeXvn, Tis povoa apnxaveay pededwver,

Tis TptBos; aTpeKéws yap ama Tpla TavTa Tap-—

eoTL,

evppoovyny Kal Epwra } Kal HSupov brvov éréoCar.

Kal yap eyo Movonow ‘Ohupmiddecow omnes, 450

THOU Xopot Te “eNOVGL Kal dyhaos oios! doLons

Kal pods) TteOarvia Kab imepoets Bpopos avA@D’

GAN’ ov Tw Ti LOL WOE bEeTA Hpeciv AXXO pEedyCEY,

ola véewv Oarins évdéEva Epya TéXovTat,

Oavpato, Atos vié, TAS’, ws épatov KiOapiCers. 455 |W

vov © érrel odV OALYOS TeEp é@Y KAUTA LNdEa OidaS,

ite, méTrov, Kat pvOov" émraiver mpec BuTEpotce:

vov yap Tot KXéo0s Eotat ev ADavaTtotot Peotot

Goi T AUT® Kat pnTpl TOO aTpEKéws ayopEevow:

Val [ha TOOE KPQVELVOY GKOVTLOV, 7H LEV eyo TE 460

KUOPOV ev a@avato.ct Kal OABvov mYE HOV’ claw ®

doco T ayaa dpa Kal &> TEXOS OVK ATATHOW.

Tov & Epuas pvOorov apet Berto Kepdaheoro w"

etpwTas pe ; ‘Exdepye, Tepup paces: avr ap ey@ COL .

TeEXYNS NMETEPNS eri Snpwevar ov “ai peyaipo. 465

OH [LEPOV eld ets" ce» O€ TOL im Los elvaw

BovrAy Kai pvOoror. ov 6€ hpeci TavT ev oidas’

T POT OS yap, Atos VLE, ET aavarorat Oaaccens,

nus TE KPATEpos Te piret 6€ oe payriera Zevs

EK Taons o ooins, Emropev O€ TOL ayaa Sapa. 470

Kal Tinds oé yé dace Saypevas ex Aros oudas

pavtetas 0 “Exaepye, Avos mapa, Oéohata Tavta:

TOV VUV AUTOS éy@® oe par avetov* dedanKkar —

gol © AUTaYypETOV EoTL SANWEVaL, OTTL MEVOLVAS.

' Most MSS: tuvos, M with E and L (margin).

2 Rubnken: @updy, M. 3 Tyrrell : jyenovedow, MSS.

* Translator: éywye raid’ apveidv, MSS,

396

IV.—_TO HERMES, 447-474

- song for desperate cares? What way of song ? eo

verily here are three things to hand all at once from

which to choose,—mirth, and love, and sweet sleep. |

And though I am a follower of the Olympian Muses

who love dances and the bright path of song—the

full-toned chant and ravishing thrill of flutes—yet I

never cared for any of those feats of skill at young

men’s revels, as I do now for this: I am filled with

wonder, O son of Zeus, at your sweet playing. But

_ now, since you, though little, have such glorious skill,

sit down, dear boy, and respect the words of your

elders. For now you shall have renown among the

deathless gods, you and your mother also. This I

will declare to you exactly: by this shaft of cornel

wood I will surely make you a leader renowned

among the deathless gods, and fortunate, and will

give you glorious gifts and will not deceive you from

first to last.”’

Then Hermes answered him with artful words:

“You question me carefully, O Far-worker; yet I

am not jealous that you should enter upon my art :

. this day you shall know it. For I seek to be friendly

with you both in thought and word. Now you well

know all things in your heart, since you sit foremost

among the deathless gods, O son of Zeus, and are

goodly and strong. And wise Zeus loves you as all

right is, and has given you splendid gifts. And they

say that from the utterance of Zeus you have learned

both the honours due to the gods, O Far-worker,

and oracles from Zeus, even all his ordinances. Of

all these I myself have already learned that you have

great wealth. Now, you are free to learn whatever

397

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ann érret ovv tor Oupos émiOver KiOapiCerv, an 475

pédtreo Kat KiOapite Kat ayralas anhéyuve

déypevos €& EuéOev? od O€ pot, dire, KVOOS OTTACE.

eVpoNTrel peTa YEepoly Ex@V ALyUpwvory ETaLpNy,

Kaa Kal ev KATA KOGmoY eTLaTamEVvoS ayopeveELV.

EVKNAOS jeV ETrELTA Hépeuv és Satta Odrevav 480

Kal Yopov ipwepdevta Kal és didokvdéa K@MLov

evppoovvyny vuKTOS TE Kal HuaTOS. OS TLS AV aUTHV

Téyun Kat copin dedanpévos é&epecivy,

pbeyyouevn ravTota vow yaplevta SidoKel

peta cuvynbetnow aOvpopévn parakhour, 485

épyaciny devyouca Sunmabov: os 6€ Kev avuTHY

VHS €wv TO Tpa@ToOV emilameras Epecivy,

Han avT@s KEV emreuTa METHOPA TE (Opurrifor.

col o avTdyperov eoTe Carpevat, ¢ OTTL pevouvgs.

Kal TOL eyo doce TAUTNY, Avos ayNaeé Kovpe’ 490

nuets © avr’ Gpeos TE Kal immoBorou TeOLoLo

Boval vo"ous, ‘Exdepye, VOMEVT OfLEV aypavrowe tv.

évOev tidus TéeEOVTL Boes TavpoLoe puryeioras

piryonv Onr«ELas Té Kal apoevas: ovdé TL aE Xp?)

Kepoancov Hei éovTa ie Kexondo ar. 495

“Os elrr@v wpee’: o' edefaro Poi Bos Amro,

‘Epyun © EAUaNIBED & Exov! wdotiya haewny,

Bovtonrias T éréteAdNev: edexTto 5é Mardoos vids

ynOncas: Kiapw 5é NaBav em apiotepa YeLpos

Antovs ayhaos ulos, dvak& éxdepyos AmoAX@y, 500

TAHKT PO emeupaT ibe KaTa HEpos- i) & umevepOe

o epOareon * Kovapnae Oeos o UmO KaNOY deLoeD.

"Evéa Boas pev €TELTA TOTL Cadeov NeLpavea

ET PATETNV’ avtot dé, Avos TEepiKaNAEA TEKVQ,

1 Martin: éxywv, MSS. 2M: iuepdev, other MSS.

398

IV.—TO HERMES, 475-504

you please; but since, as it seems, your heart is so

strongly set on playing the lyre, chant, and _ play

upon it, and give yourself to merriment, taking

this as a gift from me, and do you, my friend,

bestow glory on me. Sing well with this clear-

voiced companion in your hands ; for you are skilled

-in good, well-ordered utterance. From now on bring

it confidently to the rich feast and lovely dance and

glorious revel, a joy by night and. by day. Whoso

with wit and wisdom enquires of it cunningly, him

it teaches through its sound all manner of things

that delight the mind, being easily played with

gentle familiarities, for it abhors toilsome drudgery ;

but whoso in ignorance enquires of it violently, to

him it chatters mere vanity and foolishness. But

you are able to learn whatever you please. So then,

I will give you this lyre, glorious son of Zeus, while

1 for my part will graze down with wild-roving

cattle the pastures on hill and horse-feeding plain :

so shall the cows covered by the bulls calve abun-

dantly both males and females. And now there is

no need for you, bargainer though you are, to be

furiously angry.”

When Hermes had said this, he held out the lyre:

and Phoebus Apollo took it, and readily put his

shining whip in Hermes’ hand, and ordained him

keeper of herds. The son of Maia received. it

joyfully, while the glorious son of Leto, the lord

far-working Apollo, took the lyre upon his left

arm and tried each string with the key. Awe-

somely it sounded at. the touch of the god, while

he sang sweetly to its note.

Afterwards they two, the all-glorious sons of Zeus

turned the cows back towards the sacred meadow,

399

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

dxpoppot 7pos "OdXvptrov ayavyipoyv éppwoavto 505

TepTopevote poplyye’ vapn & apa pytiétra ZLevs,

M7 29 , / \ at Bre rn

audw & és diroTnTa suvynyaye: Kal Ta pev Epps

Antoidny épirnoe Svamtrepes ws ETL Kal VO,

onpat éret KiPapiv péev “ExnBorw éyyuaréev

iwepTnv, dedaws, 0 O émrwréviov KiOdp.fev 510

avtos © av& éréons coding éxpdaoato Téxvyv

cuplyyov évoTrny ToLjaato THNOO axovaTHD.

Kai tore Antoidns “Epuhy mpos wo0oy éeutre:

delora, Matddos vié, dud Tope, ToLKLAOMATA, t

Ta jeoe dpa chews KiBapw Kal KapT ida Toka* 515

Tiny yap wap Lnvos é exers érrapmot Bra & epya ]

Onoew av pemoior KATO xGova mouduBorerpav. |

aX el Loe Thains ves Peay péyav GpKov omoooat,

1) Kepanri vevoas H eT Lruyos oBpipov vdwp,

TavT av éu@ Ovu@ KexXaplopeva Kal dira Epdots. 520

Kai TOTE Mauaéos vios broaxXopevos KATEVEUCE,

bn TOT amok rewpely, ba” ‘ExnPorog ¢ EXTEATLO TAL,

unoé oT éumeddocay tuxwe@ Sd0u@* avTap

"AT ON@V .

Antoiéns xatévevoev er apOue@ cal dudrornte, :

HI) TLVa pidrep ov ANXOV ev adavarotow éoecOat, 525

pnte Oeov pnt dvOpa Atos yovov" éx dé TéXEv ov

[ aterov Ke TATHP' OO em @Looey” ”) oe wan otov" | 526°

otpBorov aBavatav Toimoounar Hd dua TwayTor,

mucTov éu@ Ovp®@ Kal Tipwov: av’Tap émerta

dXBou Kal TNOUTOV OCW mepucad)ea papoor, |

Xpuceiny, Tpumérn ron, aieqpLop i) og purager 530 |

TAVTAS émeKpaivovo’ aOrous” éréwy te Kal Epyor |

Tov ayabav, doa dynpi danpuevat éx Aros oudas.

1 Allen’s supplement. 2 Sikes : deods, MSS.

400

“

2}

my

i

a

.

3

IV.—TO HERMES, 505-532

but themselves hastened back to snowy Olek

delighting in the lyre. Then wise Zeus was glad and

made them both friends. And Hermes loved the

son of Leto continually, even as he does now, when

he had given the lyre as token to the Far-shooter,

who played it skilfully, holding it upon his arm. But

for himself Hermes found out another cunning art

and made himself the pipes whose sound is heard

afar.

Then the son of Leto said to Hermes: “ Son of

_ Maia, guide and cunning one, I fear you may steal

from me the lyre and my curved bow together ; for

you have an office from Zeus, to establish deeds of

barter amongst men throughout the fruitful earth.

Now if you would only swear me the great oath of

the gods, either by nodding your head, or by the

potent water of Styx, you would do all that can

please and ease my heart.”

Then Maia’s son nodded his head and promised

that he would never steal anything of all the Far-

shooter possessed, and would never go near his

strong house; but Apollo, son of Leto, swore to

be fellow and friend to Hermes, vowing that he

would love no other among the immortals, neither

god nor man sprung from Zeus, better than Hermes :

and the Father sent forth an eagle in confirmation.

And Apollo sware also: “Verily I will make you

only to be an omen for the immortals and all alike,

trusted and honoured by my heart. Moreover, I

will give you a splendid staff of riches and wealth:

it is of gold, with three branches, and will keep you

scatheless, accomplishing every task, whether of

words or deeds that are good, which I claim to

know through the utterance of Zeus. But as for

AOI

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

/ VA / f A 5) /

pavreiny Oé, héptate, SLoTpEpes, iy épecivels,

oF

ouTe a¢ Oéohatov éots Oanpevat oUTE TLY GOV

A / \ x io \ lp neees\ gee =

abavatwy: TO yap olde Atos voos: avTap éy@ ye 535

‘ |

TicT@lels KATEVEVTA Kal BMoTa KApPTEPOV OpKoP,

pon Tia voodu éucto Pedy ateryeveTawv

» 3 \ lA J

anrrov y eicer Oat Lnvos TuKsvoppovea Bounrny.

Kal ov, KaciyynTe Xpvooppamt, ey 6 KENEUE

Oéodhata midavaoxKe, Goa wndeTat evpvoTa Teds. 540 |

avOporav & addXov SnAnTOMAaAL, ANOV OVHTH,

\ / 5) / Ay: SDs is aoe ;

TONKA TEED PON CO Vie Hm enae e pet avOporray. |

KaL ev Epis opis aTovnceTat, 05 Tus av EMOn

povi Kab mrEpvyer oe TEAMEVTOV olwver:

OUTOS e€uhs Oudhs atrovnceTat, 0Vd aTTAaTHGO. 545

A t / n |

Os O€ KE pairOyoLot TLOHTAS OLwVvOtCL

Rh

pavteiny €Oéryou apex voov éEepecivery

, v4 an / : /

NMETEPHV, Voeelv OF Oewy TEOV aieVv eOVTOD,

AD e / 00 iy b] \ IY OG yé

py, adinv oddv eiaw. eyo O€ Ke SOpa SexXoipny.

! / / ‘

"AAAo 6€é Tot épéw, Mains épixvdéos vie 550

\ \ 3 4 A J n

kat Aros aiyloyoto, Oey éptovvie Satipov*

7 j :

ceuval yap TLVES ELal, KATLYVHTAL yeyavias,

I 4

TapUévol, wKEinoW ayadrAOMEeVvar TTEPVYEToL,

a \ / /

Tpels’ KaTa O€ KpaTOS TeTahaypéevar adgiTa

Neva,

end / ey gi’ rs a |

OlKLa VaLeTaoVoLW vie TTVXL Llapyyooto, 555 Wh

/ i) / / A S)EN wee

pavTeins amravevle SiddoKaXol, Hv émt Boval

a SO SS ON lA \ Oe IN > > ,

Tats ET €@V MEAETHCA’ TATHP O Emos OUK adEeyLeer,

) n ne / M7 4

évTevOev bx Errerta ToT@mevat ANAOTE AAAH

/ i / 1¢

Knpla BooKkovrat Kai Te Kpatvovowy Exacta.

402

IV.—TO HERMES, 533-559

sooth-saying, noble, heaven-born child, of which

you ask, it is not lawful for you to learn it, nor

for any other of the deathless gods: only the mind

of Zeus knows that. I am pledged and have vowed

and sworn a strong oath that no other of the eternal

gods save I should know the wise-hearted counsel of

Zeus. And do not you, my brother, bearer of the

golden wand, bid me tell those decrees which all-

seeing Zeus intends. As for men, I will harm one

and profit another, sorely perplexing the tribes of

‘unenviable men. Whosoever shall come guided by

the call and flight of birds of sure omen, that man

shall have advantage through my voice, and I will

not deceive him. But whoso shall trust to idly-

chattering birds and shall seek to invoke my

prophetic art contrary to my will, and to under-

stand more than the eternal gods, I declare that

he shall come on an idle journey; yet his gifts I

would take.

But I will tell you another thing, Son of all-

glorious Maia and Zeus who holds the aegis, luck-

bringing genius of the gods. ‘There are certain holy

ones, sisters born—three virgins! gifted with wings :

their heads are besprinkled with white meal, and

they dwell under a ridge of Parnassus. These are

teachers of divination apart from me, the art which

I practised while yet a boy following herds, though

my father paid no heed to it. From their home

they fly now here, now there, feeding on honey-comb

1 The Thriae, who practised divination by means of

pebbles (also called @piai). In this hymn they are repre-

sented as aged maidens (ll. 553-4), but are closely associated

with bees (ll. 559-563) and possibly are here conceived as

having human heads and breasts with the bodies and wings

of bees. See the edition of Allen and Sikes, Appendix III.

403

DD. 2

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ai o 6te pev Ovimow ednbviar pérs Y@pOr, 560

J If, 7 5) , 3 / Z|

mpoppovéws EOéKovaew arnOeinv ayopevety’

iv & atrovoodicOGat Oey nociay édwdny,

revdoovras dn ererta Ol adNjAOY Sovéovaat.

Tas TOL ETELTA Oda pte" avd drpexéws épeetva@v

ay avtod ppeva téprre, wal ef Bpotov avopa

daeins, 565

3 na 3 A y w,

TOANAKL OHS OTS crake a 2

TAT EXE: Maddog vié, Kai aypavrous Edixas Bods

mous T apdirddeve Kal npLovous Tahaepyous.

[os épar’: ovpavolev dé marie Leds avtos erect 568" |

Ojxe Téhos' Tac © dp Oy otwvotct KédNevaer | 568? | |

Kal YapoTroiat N€ovat Kal apytodoval avecoL |

\ \ \ Ue a / 9 a f

Kal kvol Kal pyroLow, boa TpEepet EevpEeia YOwY, 570

Tao. © étl mpoBatoov avacce Kvouuov Kpuny,

5 3 3 3 of. , Bd S

oiov © ets Aidnv teTeXeomévoy ayyeXov eivat,

e/ > +S U SiN lA if 3 if

ds T AdoTOS TEP EMV OWcEL Yepas OVK EAAYLOTOP.

Otitw Mardoos viov dvaé ébirnoev “AmoAXwv |

mavtoin puroTnte yapiw 0 éwéOnKe Kpoviwy. 575

mact © 6 ye Ovntoiot Kal dDavdtoiowy Optnrel. |

la) i) 3

Tavpa pev OvV Ovivnal, TO SO AKPLTOV HTEpOTrEvEL

if Pa / A la) 9 i

vuxta ov opdvainv dora Ovntav av patron.

Kai od peév ot tw xaipe, Avos cai Marddos vié i

isan oN \ A Weer) 4 Vd ae a

avTap éyo Kal oeto Kat GAANS pYHTOM aoLdns. 580

1

1 Hand L: weipdvrou 5} &rerra wapee 58dv yemovevew (Then

they try to lead men aside out of the way ”), other MSS.

2 Allen’s supplement.

404

IV.—_TO HERMES, 560-580

and bringing all things to pass. And when they eer

are inspired through eating yellow honey, they are

willing to speak truth; but if they be deprived of

the gods’ sweet food, then they speak falsely, as

they swarm in and out together. These, then, I

give you ; enquire of them strictly and delight your

heart: and if you should teach any mortal so to do,

often will he hear your response—if he have good

fortune. Take these, Son of Maia, and tend the

wild roving, horned oxen and horses and _ patient

_ mules.”

So he spake. And from heaven father Zeus

himself gave confirmation to his words, and com-

manded that glorious Hermes should be lord over

all birds of omen and grim-eyed lions, and boars

with gleaming tusks, and over dogs and all flocks

that the wide earth nourishes,-and over all sheep ;

also that he only should be the appointed messenger

to Hades, who, though he takes no gift, shall give

him no mean prize. |

Thus the lord Apollo showed his kindness for the

Son of Maia by all manner of friendship: and the

Son of Cronos gave him grace besides. He consorts

with all mortals and immortals: a little he profits,

but continually throughout the dark night he cozens

the tribes of mortal men.

And so, farewell, Son of Zeus and Maia; but I

will remember you and another song also.

405

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

#

EIS) A®POAITHN

Motcad poe evyeTre cpa. Todwypvcou A edie,

Kumpidos, § Hre Ocoiow émt yAuKov twEepov @poeE

Kab T° eaparcaro Piha karabynt oy avo pwTrov:

oLwvous Te OLeTreTéas Kat Onpia Tavr a,

Nev OO HTELPOS TOAAG TpEher NO Goa TOVTOS*

aA 3. 92 Uh b) / /

Taow © é py pepnrev évao tehavov Kvbeperns.

Tpisoas - &§ ob Sivatat memibeiv ppévas ce

amar ho au

Koupny oo aLiryL0 KOLO Atos, yAavearw “AOnvyp: -

ov yap ot evader é epya TromuxXpdoov ‘Agpoditns,

aX dpa ob moe 104 TE AOOV Kab Epyov. "Apnos

dopivat TE MAK AL TE Kal ayaa Epy’ adeyuvel.

TpaTH TEKTOVAS aVdpas éTrLyOovious edidake

TOTAL CATWAS TE Kal APMATA TOLKiNA YANK.

i O€ Te TapJeviKas aTTAaNOXpoas év pweyapoLoL

3 \ »+ » IQ/D SEN \ a € /

ayaa epy edioakev éri hpect Ocioa éxaorn.

b) ; 243 / 4 \

ovoé mot ‘Aptéuoa ypuvonNdKaTov, KeNadelvny

Sdpvatat év hedoTynTe hrropperdyns Adpootry.

Kal yap TH ade TOEA Kal ovpect Onpas evaipe,

hopyuyyes Te Yopot TE ScamrpVvatot T OAOAVYAL

dnoed Te TKLOEVTA OLKALWY TE TTONS aVOpOD.

IQ\ \ bd 7 VA e/ 4 ary /

ovdé pev aldoin Kovpy ade épy ‘Adpoditys,

‘lotin, hv mpwrnv téxeto Kpovos ayxuXounrys,

i) ae / aA \ ’ f

avtis O omdoTaTny, BovrAy Atos airytoxoto,

406

V.—TO APHRODITEH, 1-23

y

TO APHRODITE

Muss, tell me the deeds of golden Aphrodite the

Cyprian, who stirs up sweet passion in the gods and

_ subdues the tribes of mortal men and birds that fly in

air and all the many creatures that the dry land rears,

and all that the sea: all these love the deeds of rich-

crowned Cytherea.

Yet there are three hearts that she cannot bend

nor yet ensnare. First is the daughter of Zeus

who holds the aegis, bright-eyed Athene; for she

has no pleasure in the deeds of golden Aphrodite,

but delights in wars and in the work of Ares,

in strifes and battles and in preparing famous

crafts. She first taught earthly craftsmen to

make chariots of war and cars variously wrought -

with bronze, and she, too, teaches tender maidens

in the house and. puts knowledge of goodly arts in

each one’s mind. Nor does laughter-loving Aphrodite

ever tame in love Artemis, the huntress with shafts

of gold; for she loves archery and the slaying of wild

beasts in the mountains, the lyre also and dancing

and thrilling cries and shady woods and the cities of

upright men. Nor yet does the pure maiden Hestia

love Aphrodite’s works. She was the first-born child

of wily Cronos and youngest too,! by will of Zeus who

holds the aegis,—a queenly maid whom _ both

! Cronos swallowed each of his children the moment that

they were born, but ultimately was forced to disgorge them.

Hestia, being the first to be swallowed, was the last to be

disgorged, and so was at once the first and latest born of the

children of Cronos. Cp. Hesiod Theogony, ll. 495-7.

407

THE HOMERIC HYMNS =.

ToTuLav, Hv éuvevtTo Ilocedawv Kai “AmovAAov:

1) 6€ war’ ovK COerXev, GAAA oTEPEds am éerTreV: 25%

@pmoce be Léeyav BpKov, 6 6) TeTENETMEVOS EOTID,

e U4 A \ x b] U

avapevn Keparys Tratpos Atos avytoxoto,

Tapevos EcoecOar TavT pata, dia Oedwv.

A \ \ 1 a \ f b) ‘\ f

Th 6€ TaTnp Levs d@Ke KaXOV yépas avTL yamoLo

/ f ” > 9 9 & na fied shies ;

Kal TE LET@ OlKM KAT ap EéleTO Tiap EAOvVOa. ~ 30

Tacw © év vnotat Deady TLmaoxos eoTL

Kat Tapa Tact Bpotoicr Oewv mpéoBetpa TETUKTAL.

Tawv ov dvvatat we eiv hpévas ovo atratiaat:

TOV & adNAwv ov Trép TL TEhUYpEvov ot “Adpodityv

ote Oewy pakdpwv ovte Ovntav avOporar. 35

Kai te Tapex Znvos voov Hyaye TepriKepavvov,

OOTE peryLa Tos T éoTi peytarns T EUmope TLLAS.

Kat TE TOD, EvT EOEdoL, TUKWWAS Ppévas eEaTTapodca

pndsi@s cuvveps&e KaTaduntior yuvarkiv,

“Hons €xreX.abovoa, Kkacovyyyntns adoyxou Te, 40

i) méya eidos apiorn év abavatynar Oejar.

KvdlaTny 0 dpa puv téxeto Kpovos ayxudopnrns

pntnp te Pein: Zeds S &pOita wydea eidas

atooinv ahoxov TOUT ATO xédv’ eldviav.

TH Se cat adit Zevs yAuKdv ipepov éuBare Ovp@

b) \ an / / U4

avdpi KaTabunte@ psxO nueva, dppa TayvoTa ~ 46

pnd avtn Bpoténs ebvns atroepypévn ein,

Kat ToT émevEapuevn elirn peta Tact Ocoiow

nov yerornoaca, Prropperons Adpodirn,

eP fc \ pe A /

as pa Oeous cvvéemEe xatabvntnot yuvarki, —S=——_50

Kal Te KaTAOVNTOUS Viels TEKOV ADavaToLoLD,

ws Te Deas avéwiEe KaTaOvytots avO ports.

408

V.—TO APHRODITE, 24-52

Poseidon and Apollo sought to wed. But she was a

wholly unwilling, nay, stubbornly refused; and

touching the head of father Zeus who holds the

aegis, she, that fair goddess, sware a great oath

which has in truth been fulfilled, that she would

be a maiden all her days. So Zeus the Father

gave her an high honour instead of marriage, and

she has her place in the midst of the house and

has the richest portion. In all the temples of the

gods she has a share of honour, and among all

. mortal men she is chief of the goddesses.

Of these three Aphrodite cannot bend or ensnare

the hearts. But of all others there is nothing

among the blessed gods or among mortal men that

has escaped Aphrodite. Even the heart of Zeus,

who delights in thunder, is led astray by her;

though he is greatest of all and has the lot of

highest majesty, she beguiles even his wise heart

whensoever she pleases, and mates him with morta!

women, unknown to Hera, his sister and his wife,

the grandest far in beauty among the deathless

goddesses—-most glorious is she whom wily Cronos

with her mother Rhea did beget: and Zeus, whose

wisdom is everlasting, made her his chaste and

careful wife. —

But upon Aphrodite herself Zeus cast sweet —

desire to be joined in love with a mortal man, to

the end that, very soon, not even she should be

innocent of a mortal’s love; lest laughter-loving

Aphrodite should one day softly smile and say

mockingly among all the gods that she had joined

the gods in love with mortal women who bare

sons of death to the deathless gods, and had mated

the goddesses with mortal men.

409

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

"Ayxicew © dpa ot yAuKUY imepov EwBare Ovupe,

Os TOT év AKpoTroXaLs Bpecwy ToAUTTLOaGKOU "1dns

Bovtoréecxev Bods déuas aOavatoiow éoiKas. 55

TOV 01) emerraL Loovaa Prropperdys ‘Ad pootrn

npacar , ExTrayros O€ KaTa Ppévas | imepos. etNev.

és Kumpov & éXOodca Ov@dea vynov Edvvev,

és Ilagov: évOa &é oi Téwevos Bapos Te Ov@dns. Hi

ev? hy eiceModoa OCuvpas em eOnuce pacivas* 60 |

év0a O€ pv Xapures NovcaV Kal xpi av éLato

apBpotw, ota Peovs emev nyo ev altev eovTas,

apBpocig édav@,! TO pa ol TePvapevor 7 NEV.

ero apevn & ed mavta qept Xpot eluara, KANG

YpvT@ Koopndeioa prropperds ‘Ad podtrn > 65

gevat é€ éml Tpoins TpoMTr ove evodcea Kvtrpor,

inves peta véherw piuda monacovoa KédevOor.

"Tdnv & tkavev TohuTiOaka, pnrépa Onpav,

AA & iOvs arab woto dz’ ovpeos’ ob O€ per’ avTHY

oaivovres Tool TE AVKOL KAPOTTOL Te éovTes, 70

GPKT Ob T apoanes TE Foat TPoKao@V a aKOPNTOL

oay: y) S opooca peta, ppect TEPTrETO Gupov

KaL TOLS EV ornlerau Ban iMepov" O LO aya, TUVTES

TUVOUO KOLLNTAVYTO KATA TKLOEVTAS Latha

en Wl we ne Va ’ / ire, 7

Aurn 6 és KALoLas evTroLnTous adiKave’ 75 |

Tov © eupe TAO MOLGL AEAELLMLEVOY OLOV AT ANNOY

"Ayxtionv jpwa, Geav amo KadXOS EXOVTA.

of & dua Bovoly érovro vowous KATA ToLnEevTAS

f A \ a / 5 b) EY ¢

mavtTes’ 0 6€ cTAOMOLaL AEAELLMEVOS OOS aT AANOV

an 9 NU oe J /

TWNELT ev0a Kat évea ovat po Lov Kcapivon. 80

ath © avTov m porrapoule Aws Ouyarnp "A hpoditn

Trapléva aduntn méyeOos Kal eidos opmoin,

1 Clarke : éavg, MSS.

410

V._TO APHRODITE, 53-82

And so he put in her heart sweet desire for

Anchises who was tending cattle at that time among

the steep hills of many-fountained Ida, and in shape

was like the immortal gods. Therefore, when

laughter-loving Aphrodite saw him, she loved him,

and terribly- desire seized her in her heart. She

went to Cyprus, to Paphos, where her precinct

is and fragrant altar, and passed into her sweet-

smelling temple. There she went in and put to the

glittering doors, and there the Graces bathed her

with heavenly oil such as blooms upon the bodies

of the eternal gods—oil divinely sweet, which she

had by her, filled with fragrance. And laughter-

loving Aphrodite put on all her rich clothes,

and when she had decked herself with gold,

she left sweet-smelling Cyprus and went in haste

towards Troy, swiftly travelling high up among

the clouds. So she came to many-fountained

Ida, the mother of wild creatures and went

straight to the homestead across the mountains.

After her came grey wolves, fawning on her, and

grim-eyed lions, and bears, and fleet leopards,

ravenous for deer: and she was glad in heart to see

them, and put desire in their breasts, so that they all

mated, two together, about the shadowy coombes.

But she herself came to the neat-built shelters,

and him she found left quite alone in the home-

stead—the hero Anchises who was comely as the

gods. All the others were following the herds over

the grassy pastures, and he, left quite alone in the

homestead, was roaming hither and thither and

playing thrillingly upon the lyre. And Aphrodite,

the daughter of Zeus stood before him, being like a

pure maiden in height and mien, that he should not

4It

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

pn py TapByoecev ev obParpoict vonoas.

"Ayytons & opowv édbpagero Oavpatev Te

SQ/r / f \ ~ /

elO0s Te peryeOOs Te Kal eluaTa ciyadoerTa. 85

x an

TET AOV Ev yap EeaTO PaEwoTEpoy TuposS avyNs,

KANO, YPVTELOV, TAMTOLKLAOV? WS O€ TEANVY 89

aTyOeoww apd atandotow éhautreto, Oadtua idéo0at 90

3 oaths \ e/ 4 / Sf

elye O emiyvammrTas EdtKas KaNUKAS TE haEWds’ 87

Oppot © aud amary Serph TeptkarrA€es Hoav. 88

’ 4 >” e of / eee yy

Ayxionv & épos etrev, érros O€ pu avtiov nvda: 91

Yaipe, dvaca’, } Tus wakdpwv Tade COA ixavets,

Vv \ \ 2 We Jim 3 f

Aptepus 4 Antr@ ne xpucén AdpodiTn

BD f 9 \ +X a b ye

7 OEepts nuyevns né yraveatis AOnvn,

4 , , Lele Mice) é Cf a ~

Tov Tus Napitwv dedp HrAvOes, aite Peoior 95

Taow éTatpifovat Kal AOdvaTot Kad€OVTAL, |

os / fuer k wold \ 4

n tts Nupdhawy, ait adoea Kara vep“ovTat

XN A \ N BA / -

7) Nupdov, at Karov pos TOE vateTdovat

KAL THYAS TOTALOV KAL TIOEA TOLNEVTA.

\ S58 NE LS a / Se ,

cot © éye@ év TKOTTLH, TEPLPalvoMEV@ EVL K@P@, 100

Bopov TOUT O, pefo dé Tou Lepa Kaa

@pnaLw TATOL. au & evdpova Oupor ¢ éyouoa

bos pe eta Tpwecow apuT pee & cM HEvaLL avopa.,

ToleL O eforiow Oarepov yovon, avr ap éw avrov

dnpov év Cweuv Kal opav paos nerLovo, 105

OAP.ov év Naois, Kal ynpaos ovoov txéa Oar.

Tov 6 jet Ber ETELTA Avos Ouyatnp ’Adpoditn:

“Ayxion, KUOLOTE Kaparyeveov av0 para,

ov Tis Tot Deos ep Ti ye aHavarnow € elo KeLs;

aXXa Katabynrn TE, yun b€ [Ee yetvato paTnp. 110

"Orpeds & éoti tratHp ovopaKAvTOS, eb TOV aKoOveLs,

1 Wakefield, «adroit etc., MSS:

AI2

V.—TO APHRODITE, 83-111

be frightened when he took heed of her With his’ ~

eyes. Now when Anchises saw her, he marked

her well and wondered at her mien and _ height

and shining garments. For she was clad in a robe

out-shining the brightness of fire, a splendid robe of

gold, enriched with all manner of needlework, which

shimmered like the moon over her tender breasts, a

marvel to see. Also she wore twisted brooches and

shining earrings in the form of flowers; and round

her soft throat were lovely necklaces.

And Anchises was seized with love, and said to

her: “ Hail, lady, whoever of the blessed ones you

are that are come to this house, whether Artemis,

or Leto, or golden Aphrodite, or high-born Themis,

or bright-eyed Athene. Or, maybe, you are one of

the Graces come hither, who bear the gods company

and are called immortal, or else one of the Nymphs

who haunt the pleasant woods, or of those who

inhabit this lovely mountain and the springs of

rivers and grassy meads. I will make you an altar

upon a high peak in a far seen place, and will sacri-

fice rich offerings to you at all seasons. And do you

feel kindly towards me and grant that I may become

a man very eminent among the Trojans, and give

me strong offspring for the time to come. As for

my own self, let me live long and happily, seeing

the light of the sun, and come to the threshold

of old age, a man prosperous among the people.”

Thereupon Aphrodite the daughter of Zeus

answered him: “ Anchises, most glorious of all men

born on earth, know that I am no goddess: why do

_you liken me to the deathless ones? Nay, I am but

a mortal, and a woman was the mother that bare me.

Otreus of famous name is my father, if so be you

413

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

ds maons Dpvyins evTeryntore avaccel.

yA@ocav & vpeTépny Te Kal 7peTépyy cada oda. —

Tpwas yap peydpw pe tpodos tpépev: 4) b€ dtampo

Tmixpyy mad atitarrA*e, Pirkyns Tapa pnTpos

éMova a. 115

ws On TOU yAOooaY YE Kat DeTEpnv ev 010d.

vov O€ pe aunpT ace Kpue oppamres "A pyechovtns

eK Xopov Apréptoos Xpvonhaxaron, Keradewis.

TOANAL O€ voppas Kal mapOevoe arpect Borat

maiouen, appr © Gprdos ATELPLTOS éeaTepavoro. 120

évO ev He ipmage Xpve opparres “A pryeupovTns” ‘i

TONGA © er Hryaryev epya KATO vyTov avi pwr av,

TOMMY O &KANPOY TE Kal AKTETOV, HV ba OHpes

@popayot PorTaGL KATA aKLOEYTAS EVAUAOUS*

ovo€e Tool yravoew édoxouv puoroov ains* 125

"Ayyioem € pe paoKe mapa Nexeow Kanréeobar

Koupuoiny addon, gol o ayhad TeKVaL rexeto Bau.

avTap émel O71 bel fe Kal eppacer, 1 7) TOU 6 avTis

aBavatov pera Por aTéBn KpaTus A pyespovrns:

avTap eyo co ikounv, Kpatepn O€ poe emeT

aAVvaYKY. 130

aXNa ae tpos Zyvos youvdlopar noe TOKN@V

écOr@v: ov pev yap Ke KaKOL TOLOVOE TEKOLED:

AOMHATHV pf ayayoOv Kal Aatre_pHTnV PtAOTHTOS

Tatpt Te o@ OelEov Kal pyntépe Kédy etdvin

Gols TE KaTLYVHTOLS, Of TOL OmoOEY yeyaacL. 135

ov adi aeKerin vuds Exoopat, ANN etxvia.*

Téurmpat & adyyedov Oka peta Ppvyas atohoT@Xovs

elTrely TAaTpLT Eu@ Kal mnTépt KNdomevy TEP"

1 MELNT give the alternative verse : 7

ef Tot detkeAtn yuvh ooomar HE Kal ovrt.

(‘to see whether I shall be an ill-liking wife for you or no,”’)

414

V.—TO APHRODITE, 112-138

have heard of him, and he reigns over all Phrygia — sh

rich in fortresses. But I know your speech well

beside my own, for a Trojan nurse brought me up at

home: she took me from my dear mother and

reared me thenceforth when I was a little child. So

comes it, then, that I well know your tongue also.

‘And now the Slayer of: Argus with the golden wand

has caught me up from the dance of huntress

Artemis, her with the golden arrows. For there

were many of us, nymphs and marriageable!

maidens, playing together; and an innumerable

company encircled us: from these the Slayer of

Argus with the golden wand rapt me away. He

carried me over many fields of mortal men and

over much land untilled and unpossessed, where

savage wild-beasts roam through shady coombes,

until I thought never again to touch the life-

giving earth with my feet. And he said that I

should be called the wedded wife of Anchises, and

should bear you goodly children. But when he

had told and advised me, he, the strong Slayer of

Argos, went back to the families of the deathless

gods, while I am now come to you: for unbending

necessity is upon me. But I beseech you by Zeus

and by your noble parents—for no base follx could

get such a son as you—-take me now, stainless and

unproved in love, and show me to your father and

careful mother and to your brothers sprung from

the same stock. I shall be no ill-liking daughter

for them, but a likely. Moreover, send a messenger

quickly to the swift-horsed Phrygians, to tell my

father and my sorrowing mother; and they will send

1 “*Cattle-earning,” because an accepted suitor paid for

his bride in cattle.

415

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

of 6é Ké TOL Xpucov Te dts eo Bird 0 vpavrny.

Te UNrOva WW ov d€ moka Kal ayaa béyOar aTrowwa.

TAUTO de TOLNTAS Saivu yd Lov iepoevTa, 141

Titov avOperrotor Kal aBavatotor Ocoicw.

“Os cimovoa Jed YAvKOD ipepov éuBane dupe.

“Ayxiony &° Epos elAey eTOS T épaT ex T ovopater:

Ei ev Ounrn nm éoot, urn 6€ oe yelvato HATNP, 145

"Ortpevs & earl TATHP GVOMAKAUTOS, os ayopevets,

abavarou € é éxnre SuaxTopou evO do Leavers

Eppeo, € éun Oo dNoXOs KEKAHTEAL MMUATA TAVTA*

Ov TLS éTELTA easy ove Ovntav av pam av

evade pe TXNT El, mpl on prrornte puyhvar 150

AUTLKa yop: ovo et KEV én dNos avros "ATroANwY

Tofou at apyupéou 7 poin Berea oTOVOEVTA.

Bovrotunv Kev TreLTa, yUvat éuxvia Gefjor,

ons evvins érruBas ddvat dopxov” Atdos ei.

“Os etrrov AABe yeipa: Prrdomperds 5’ ’Adpoditn

epmre peraatpepleioa KaT Ompara Kara Barovca 156

é5 hexos eVOTPWTOP, 604 mep 7 apos eo Kev avakTt

Xraivnow paraxhs ESTPWLLEVOV’ AUTAP DmepOev

apKT OV Oéppat EKELTO Bapupboyyov Te NEOVTOD,

TOUS avros karérepver € éV oupecty vynrotow. 160

ov © émeb ovv AexXewv eUT OL TOV ereRnaay,

eberpay [eV Ob 7 POTOV aTO Xpoos Eire paewvor,

TOpTras Te yvauTrtas @ édtKas KaduKdS TE Kal

OPfLOUS.

Adae O€ o Covnv ioe ciuata ovyaroevTa,

Exdve Kal KateOnxen € em Opovou dpyuponou 165

"Ayyions: 6 6° érevta Oewv t LoTnTe Kal aion

adavarn TAPENEKTO bea Bporos, od cada eidds.

"Hyos & ay cis addy atroKAlvover vophes

Bods Te cat idia pra voporv é& avOeuoévtav:

416

V.—_TO APHRODITE, 139-169

you gold in plenty and woven stuffs, many splendid — aS

gifts ; take these as. bride-piece. So do, and then

prepare the sweet marriage that is honourable in the

eyes of men and deathless gods.”

When she had so spoken, the goddess put sweet

desire in his heart. And Anchises was seized with

love, so that he opened his mouth and said :

“Tf you are a mortal and a woman was the mother

who bare you, and Otreus of famous name is your

father as you say, and if you are come here by the

will of Hermes the immortal Guide, and are to be

called my wife always, then neither god nor mortal

man shall here restrain me till I have lain with you

in love right now ; no, not even if far-shooting Apollo

himself should launch grievous shafts from his silver

bow. Willingly would I go down into the house of

Hades, O lady, beautiful as the goddesses, once I

had gone up to your bed.”

So speaking, he caught her by the hand. And

laughter-loving Aphrodite, with face turned away and

lovely eyes downcast, crept to the well-spread couch

which was already laid with soft coverings for the

hero; and upon it lay skins of bears and deep-

roaring lions which he himself had slain in the

high mountains. And when they had gone up upon

the well-fitted bed, first Anchises took off her bright

jewelry of pins and twisted brooches and earrings and

necklaces, and loosed her girdle and stripped off her

bright garments and laid them down upon a silver-

studded seat. Then by the will of the gods and

destiny he lay with her, a mortal man with an

immortal goddess, not clearly knowing what he did.

But at the time when the herdsmen drive their

oxen and hardy sheep back to the fold from the

47

THE HOMERIC HYMNS.

Thos ap ’Avyion pev emt yAuKdy Urvov Exeve 170

/ b) \ x \ C7 /

VHOULOV, AUTH O€ Ypol EvvUTO elwaTa Kad.

écoapevn O ev Tavra TEpi Ypot Ota Deawy

M4 \ 1 / b) / 9 iO

éoTn Tap! KALoLn, KEVTTOLNTOLO” pEedAaO pov

a if leo N Ip: EJ /

Kvpe KapN' KaAXOS O€ TAPELdwWY aTréhApTrEV

auBpotov, olov tT éotiv évatepavov KuOepeins, 175 |

b) c Dy D vaieh By 35, > of Sr Bape ;

é& Umvou T avéyerpev Eros T EPAaT EX T OVOMACEY

“O 6 , / ¢/ P) “

paoeo, Aapdavidn: Ti vu viypeTov UTvoV iavets ;

\ , By € Vy 3 N 3 VA 53 q

Kal dpacat, eb Tot omoln éyor itvoadAXopas eivat,

wf 2 \ a P) > a f

olny On we TO TPATov ev ObOarpotos voynaas ;

e\ SQ? A pa) c Pee ee yd € 4

Os bad: 0 0 €E Urrvoto par Eupmatéws UTAKOUCED.

as € idev deupyy Te Kal Oupata Kan Adpodirys, 181

TapBnoev TE Kab Ooce TAPAKNLOOY er pamrev any’

anf 8 avtis xraivy TE KadUWato KANG Tpocwnra

f

eat py hoc opevos ETEA TTEPOEVTA TPOTNVOA®

AvTiKa @ @$ TA TpOTA, Ged, ioov oplarwotarn, 185

EYVOV WS Feos 7a0a: ov © ov Vn LEPTES EeiTEs.

arn or 7 pos Znvos youvalouat alryLoxoro,

Hay jue COVT’ Gpevqvov ev ave pon oro € édons

vate, ann éNéatp* émet ov BroGadpuos avnp

ryiryVETAL, 6S TE Jeals evvaceTat abavatyor. 190 §f

Tov 8 huelBer’ érevta Ards Ouydrnp "Adpoditn:

"Ayxyion, KvdLoTE xarabunt ay avd pomoy,

Gapoet, poe TL ONL feTa ppeal detu8t inv’

ou yap Tol TL déos mal éewy KQKOV ef ewedev Ye,

ovo ddrAN@V paxdpov: érel h diros éool Oeoiat, 195

\ 9} of / es a b) / > /

aol 6 éotat didos vids, ds év Towecow avaket

Kal Tatoes Tadeo OLamTrEpEs exyeyaovTes”®

T@ 0€ Kal Atvetas dvou EaceTat, ovVEKa fh aivov

1 Stephanus: apa, MSS. 2 Sikes.

3 Baumeister: eyyeyaovrat, MSS.

418

+a UE rie naib ate ne We asa Pa lg

V.—TO APHRODITE, 170-198

sleep upon Anchises, but herself put on her rich

raiment. And when the bright goddess had fully

clothed herself, she stood by the couch, and her

head reached to the well-hewn roof-tree ; from her

cheeks shone unearthly beauty such as belongs to

rich-crowned Cytherea... Then she aroused him from

sleep and opened her mouth and said:

“Up, son of Dardanus!—why sleep you _ so

heavily p—and consider whether 1 look as I did

_ when first you saw me with your eyes.”

So she spake. And he awoke in a moment and

obeyed her. But when he saw the neck and lovely

eyes of Aphrodite, he was afraid and turned his

eyes aside another way, hiding his comely face with

his cloak. Then he uttered winged words and

F entreated her:

« So soon as ever I saw you with my eyes, goddess,

_ I knew that you were divine; but you did not tell

me truly. Yet by Zeus who holds the aegis I

beseech you, leave me not to lead a palsied life

among men, but have pity on me; for he who

- lies with a deathless goddess is no hale man

afterwards.”

Then Aphrodite the daughter of Zeus answered

him: “ Anchises, most glorious of mortal men, take

courage and be not too fearful in your heart. You

need fear no harm from me nor from the other

blessed ones, for you are dear to the gods: and you

shall have a dear son who shall reign among the

Trojans, and children’s children after him, springing

up continually. His name shall be Aeneas,! because

' The name Aeneas is here connected with the epithet

amos (awiul): similarly the name Odysseus is derived

(in Od. i. 62) from 65vccoua (I grieve).

419

EE 2

flowery pastures, even then Aphrodite poured soft eae

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

/ ov v4 CW Ne Pee 7? BY 4 > A

goyev ayYos, Evexa BpoTov avépos éumecov evv7y:

ayxiGeou 66 wddtota KaTAaOvyToY avOpeTroVv 200

altel ab’ vueTepns yevens eLOds Te PuHY TE.

5 \

"H toe wev EavOov Vavupndea pytiéta Leds

ef A \ / CARO ics / /

HpTace Ov Ota KadXOS, Wy aOavdtotae peTeln

cat te Atos Kata O@pma Oeois értowvoyoevot,

Oatpa idetv, wavTecct TeTLéevos aDavaTotct, 205

aA ,

Vpuaéou Ex KPNTHpos abvaocay véextap épvOpov.

Tpaa dé mévlos adaotov eve hpévas, OvdE TL HOEL,

A Ld if eX b) / J O) Ae

Om ot pirov viov avyiprTrace Oéomis aedda-

Tov On éTELTAa yoarKe SiauTrEpEs Hata TaVTA

Kat pv Levs édénoe, didov 0é of vios arowva, 210

immous apotmobas, Tot tT aBavatous hopéovet.

TOUS ob S@pov GOwxev Exe eitrev 5é ExaoTA

i

Znvos épypwoovyyat OedxTopos ’Apyehovrns,

ws €or a0dvatos Kal aynpws ica Oeotawv.

avtap émerd1) Znvos 6 y Exdvev ayyediaor, 215

Te ae a aL / i ‘ 4 /

ouxéT érretta yoacke, yeynOer o€ dpévas evoor,

if emis A b) / ? a

ynOoouvos 8 tmmovow aeddoTObET OW OYELTO.

€ iy f

‘Os & ad Teaver ypuccdpovos ipracev “Has,

UpETEpNS yevens, emetKeNov aSavarotor.

an F F

BH 8 ipev aitncovoa Kerawedéa Kpoviwva, 290

/ 5 '

aGavatov T éivat Kal Cov Huata TavTa:

a N \ b) / Ne / Suh

TH O€ Zevs émevevoe Kal Expynvev €€O@p.

, SUNS spas \ \ le > \

yntin, ovo évonoe peta dpeot ToTVia Has

¢e ILA an / wi SP. an ’ hg

HEnV artnoar EVoal T ATO yHpas ONOLOV.

\ ba) ed \ BY / v4

TOV O 1 TOL ELWS MEV EXEV TONUIPATOS HB, 225

>) la f i b] (4

Hot teprropevos ypucoGpove, npiyevetn

420

V.—TO APHRODITE, 199-226

I felt awful grief in that I laid me in the bed of a —

mortal man: yet are those of your race always the

most like to gods of all mortal men in beauty and

in stature.!

Verily wise Zeus carried off golden-haired Gany-

medes because of his beauty, to be amongst the

Deathless Ones and pour drink for the gods in the

house of Zeus—a wonder to see—, honoured by all

the immortals as he draws the red nectar from the

golden bowl. But grief that could not be soothed

filled the heart of Tros; for he knew not whither

the heaven-sent whirlwind had caught up his dear

son, so that he mourned him always, unceasingly,

until Zeus pitied him and gave him high-stepping

horses such as carry the immortals as recompense for

his son! These he gave him asa gift. And at the

command of Zeus, the Guide, the slayer of Argus,

told him all, and how his son would be deathless

and unageing, even as the gods. So when Tros

heard these tidings from Zeus, he no longer kept

mourning but rejoiced in his heart and rode joyfully

with his storm-footed horses.

So also golden-throned Eos rapt away Tithonus

who was of your race and like the deathless gods.

And she went to ask the dark-clouded Son of Cronos

that he should be deathless and live eternally; and

Zeus bowed his head to her prayer and fulfilled her

desire. Too simple was queenly Eos: she thought

not in her heart to ask youth for him and to strip

him of the slough of deadly age. So while he enjoyed

the sweet flower of life he lived rapturously with

golden-throned Eos, the early-born, by the streams

1 Aphrodite extenuates her disgrace by claiming that the

race of Anchises is almost divine, as is shown in the persons

of Ganymedes and Tithonus.

A421

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

vate Tap Oxeavoio pons ert meipact yains:

avTap érel TPOTAL TONAL KATEXUYTO EGetpat

KaMHS x Kepanhs eumyeveos Té yevetou,

TOU é 7) TOb evr is peev am elXETo moTvLa "Has, 230

avr ov o avT aTitadrev vl peyapovow éyouca,

aitw T auBpocin Te Kal elwata Kara dLdodca.

GAN’ OTE OF) TAaULTAY OTUYEPOV KATA YHpas EmreLyev,

ovdé TL KLWHTAL MEAEwY SUVAT OVO avaEtpal,

Oe O€ ob KaTa Ovyov apiatn haiveto Boudry: 235

év Oardpo xatéOnke, Gupas 0 éréOnne hacivas.

Tov S 4 Toe hwvy péet! domeTos, OVSE TL KLKUS

Eo’, on mapos éoxev evi yvauTrToict medeoow.

Ovx av éyo ye oe Tolov év aBavatotow éEXoimnv

alavatoy T evar Kal Coe Huata TavTa. 240

GX’ ei ev TOLODTOS é@Y eiOds TE Oéuas TE !

CMOLS NMETEPOS TE TOGLS KEKANMEVOS ELNS,

ovx av éreita pe axos TuKWwas dogvas apdiKa-

AUTTOL.

vov 06 GE pep TAXA yhpas Omoiloy audicaruyrer

VIAELES, TOT E€NTELTA TapiaTaraL av pwr ota, DAS

ovhopevon, KAPMATI POY, OTe oTUyeoUTt Gecot wep.

Avtap é enol yey” OVELOOS eV aavarotae Ocotouw

eo oETAL TPAT a. TAVTO Sapmrepes eivera ceio,

ot mpl é“ous odpous Kal UnTLAS, ais TOTE TAVTAS

alavatous cuvemea Kat abynr hat yuvargi, 250

TapBecKxov: mdvras yap éuov SduvacKe vonma.

vov O€ 67 ovKETL ot OTOMA YeloeTat* éEOVOUHVAL

TovTO pet AOavato.ow, émel wadda TOAAOV aadcOnD,

oXETALOV, OUK GVOTACTOP,® aTeTAAYXONY 5é vOOLO,

traioa 0 wd Savy éBéunv Bpote evvnetoa. O55

1 Wolf: pez, MSS. 2 Martin: orovaxnjoerat, MSS.

3 Clarke : évotarov, MSS.

422

V.—TO APHRODITE, 227-255

of Ocean, at the ends of the earth; but when the __

first grey hairs began to ripple from his comely head

and noble chin, queenly Kos kept away from his bed,

though she cherished him in her house and nourished

him with food and ambrosia and gave him rich

clothing. But when loathsome old age pressed full

upon him, and he could not move nor lift his limbs,

this seemed to her in her heart the best counsel:

she laid him in a room and put to the shining

doors. There he babbles endlessly, and no more

bas strength at all, such as once he had in his

supple limbs.

I would not have you be deathless among the

deathless gods and live continually after such sort.

Yet if you could live on such as now you are in look

and in form, and be called my husband, sorrow

would not then enfold my careful heart. But, as

it is, harsh} old age will soon enshroud you —ruth-

less age which stands someday at the side of every

man, deadly, wearying, dreaded even by the gods.

And now because of you I shall have great shame

among the deathless gods henceforth, continually.

For until now they feared my jibes and the wiles by

which, or soon or late, I mated all the immortals with

mortal women, making them all subject to my will.

But now my mouth shall no more have this power

among the gods; for very great has been my madness,

my miserable and dreadful madness, and I went

astray out of my mind who have gotten a child

beneath my girdle, mating with a mortal man.

1 So Christ connecting the word with wuds. L. and S.

give = duotos, ‘‘ common to all.”

423

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

\ f Se rN \ Aye > , b) /

TOV pév, enV On T™ p@TOV ion pdos HENLOLO,

Nvpdae po Opeyrovow o opecn@or BabvxorTot,

at T00€ VALET GOVE LW Spos poeya TE Ca eov Te

at p ore Ovntois our’ adavatotow érovTat.

Onpov peev Sa@over Kat apBporov eLdap édovar 260

Kab TE LET aBavarouce Kaov Xo pov éppacavro.

Thee O€ Leihvot KQL €UTKOTOS “A pyetpov7ns

piayovT ev PtAOTHTL MUXO oTreL@v époévTwv.

Tho. & dw 7) éXatas He Spves wrprxdpnvot

, 4 SN Sean

yelvopevnow epvoav emt vGovi Pwriavetpn, 265

/ V4 > by ig La)

Kadai, THAEOaovVa aL, ev OUpEeaiv UYYNAOLOW.

e a ee A / Sn se ,

ETTAG HALBATOL, TEMEVH O€ E KLKAHTKOVOW

b) / \ ’ LA \ 4 ws

aBavatwv: tas 6 ov TL BpoTot Keipovat aLdnpo:

GAN OTE KEV 67 wotpa TapecTHKY JavaToto,

b) i \ an SN \ / 7

afdvetar wey TP@Tov emt KOovt dEevdpea Kara, 270

Prowos & apoherreprpO wud es, mittovot © am oCol,

TOV o€ o opod bux AeiTrer paos nErLOLO.

at pev éov Opevpovar Tapa opiow viov éyoud at.

TOV fev émnyv On Tp@ToV EAN TOAVHPATOS HAN,

aougiv TOL devpo0 Cea SeiEouad TE Tata. 275

gol O éyo, dppa Ke Tav’Ta peta hpeci TaytTa

Seo,

és TEMTTOV ETOS avTus Nene viov ayouca.

TOV [Lev émqy én 7 POT OV ions Oaros opbarpoice,

ynOnoets o opowy: para yap Oeoeirenos é gota:

agers 0 avtixa vin qott lAsov NVELLOET OAD. 280

Ny dé TUS elpnTat o¢ Katadyn av avOpamon,

H TU gol hirov viov v0 Coun Gero LYTNPs

T@ 06 ov puOcicOat memvn_évos, ws oe KEANE’

pdcbas! toe Nuudns KadruKewm.oos Exyovov eivat,

al TOOE VaLEeTaOVOLY Opos KaTaELméevov UAH. 285

1 Matthiae: acl, MSS.

424

V.—TO APHRODITE, 256-285

As for the child, as soon as he sees the light Ate ok

sun, the deep-breasted mountain Nymphs who inhabit

this great and holy mountain shall bring him up.

They rank neither with mortals nor with immortals :

long indeed do they live, eating heavenly food and

treading the lovely dance among the immortals, and

with them the Sileni and the sharp-eyed Slayer of

Argus mate in the depths of pleasant caves ; but at

their birth pines or high-topped oaks spring up with

. them upon the fruitful earth, beautiful, flourishing

trees, towering high upon the lofty mountains (and

men call them holy places of the immortals, and never

mortal lops them with the axe); but when the fate

of death is near at hand, first those lovely trees

wither where they stand, and the bark shrivels away

about them, and the twigs fall down, and at last the

life of the Nymph and of the tree leave the light ot

the sun together. These Nymphs shall keep my son

with them and rear him, and as soon as he is come

to lovely boyhood, the goddesses will bring him here

to you and show you your child. But, that I may

tell you all that I have in mind, I will come here

again towards the fifth year and bring you my son.

So soon as ever you have seen him—a scion to

delight the eyes—., you will rejoice in beholding

him; for he shall be most godlike: then bring him

at once to windy Ilion. And if any mortal man ask

you who got your dear son beneath her girdle,

remember to tell him as I bid you: say he is

the offspring of one of the flower-like Nymphs

who inhabit this forest-clad hill. But if you

425

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

el O€ KEV efelrns Kat emeveeat adpove Oup@

év prdornre purynvar evo Tepave Kudepein,

Zevs oe Xohwaduevos Bahreer oroevre KEPAavv@.

elpnTtat To. TWavTa* ov Oé hpeci chat vonoas,

icyveo “nd ovopatve, Oedv 0 émomiveo uhvev. 290

“Os etrroto’ Ee mpos opavov HvEem“oEvTa.

Xatpe, Ged, Kvtrpoto évetipevyns pedéovea:

aev 6 éyo apEdwevos peTaBnoopat addov és

ULVOP.

cept alll Nell haat Apap Ee Bectigic' rer :

VI

El> A®POATTHN

Aloinu, Kpucoar rePavor, KaNNV ‘Ad pooiray

doopat, i) waons Kumpov Kpnoeyva Nedoyxev

elvanins, 601 ew Leptvpov pLevos vypov aevTos

NVELKEY KATA KOLA morudoia Boto Jaracons

Cope EVL UAAAK@* 17 THY O€ YPUTAPTTUKES ‘Opa 5

oeEavT: doTATtos, Tept O a8 pora eiwata Eaoar:

Kpari & én aGavare orepavny eVTUKTOV EOnKaY

KANHY, xpuceiny év O€ TpnToioe AoBotouv

avoew operyahkov Xpucoto TE TLULNEVTOS:

Seuph S ap’ amanh Kal o7Oeow apyupéotowv —-:10

Cppovae Npuecotaty exOo LEO, oiak TEp aural

Opae Koo peta ny NPVTaMTUKES, OT TOT lovey

és Xopov (MEpoEVTa beady wall oopara TAT POS.

avuTap eTELOn TaVTA TEPL KpOl KOT MoV EOnKa?,

Fyov és adavatous: of 6 naomafovto LoovTes 15

xepot T edeELowvro Kab PNT Avro EKATTOS

etvat KOUpLOinV AO OV Kal oixad adyecOa,

cei0os Oavualortes toatedavov Kvdepeins.

426

VI.—TO APHRODITE, 1-18

tell all and foolishly boast that you lay with a ene

crowned Aphrodite, Zeus will smite you in his anger

with a smoking thunderbolt. Now I have told you

all. Take heed: refrain and name me not, but have

regard to the anger of the gods.”

When the goddess had so spoken, she soared up to

windy heaven.

Hail, goddess, queen of well-builded Cyprus !

with you have I begun; now I will turn me to

another hymn.

Vi

TO APHRODITE

I witt sing of stately Aphrodite, gold-crowned and

beautiful, whose dominion is the walled cities of all

sea-set Cyprus. There the moist breath of the

western wind wafted her over the waves of the loud-

moaning sea in soft foam, and there the gold-

filleted Hours welcomed her joyously. They

clothed her with heavenly garments: on her head

they put a fine, well-wrought crown of gold, and in

her pierced ears they hung ornaments of orichale

and precious gold, and adorned her with golden

necklaces over her soft neck and snow-white breasts,

jewels which the gold-filleted Hours wear themselves

whenever they go to their father’s house to join the

lovely dances of the gods. And when they had

fully decked her, they brought her to the gods, who

welcomed her when they saw her, giving her their

hands. Each one of them prayed that he might

lead her home to be his wedded wife, so greatly

were they amazed at the beauty of violet-crowned

Cytherea.

427

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Xaip éruxoBrtEhape, yAvevpetduye Sos O° ep

lege |

ayave

vikny TOdE hépecOar, éunv O évTvvov aoLony. 20

avTap éy@ Kal ceio Kal AXANs pvnTop aoLons.

VII

EIX AIONTZON

"Apdi Arovucov, Yewéerns éptxvdéos vidr,

pvngoual, as epavn Tapa Civ’ ados aTpuyeToLO

aKTH emt TpoBAHTL venvin avopt éorxas,

TpwOnSn Karat O€ TeptocetovTo EOetpat,

Kuadveat, Papos bé wept atuBapots Exev wots a

Toppupeov’ taxa © avopes EvegEAMOV ATO VHOS

AniaTal mpoyevovTo Gows él olvoTta ToVTOL,

Tuponvot: Tous 6 Aye KaKkos wopos: of bé iOdvTES

vedoav €s addHXOUS, Taxa O ExBopov. aia O

ENOVTES 7

claav éml opeTépns vnos KEXapNevolr HTOP. 10

vioy yap puv epavto dtotpepéwv Bacirnov

civar Kal deapois EOcdov Sev apyanéotar.

tov © ovx toxave Oecud, AUyo. 6 amO THAODGE

TLTTOV

lal 3 \ A A \ v4 b] /

VEeLp@Vv HOE TOOMY: 0 S€ pEeldsda@Vv EXAaONTO

Oupac. kvavéotce’ KuUBEepvnTyns Sé vonaas 15

p dameay A @ e / b) Ne / /

avtixa ols étdporow exéKAETO Havyncev TE-

, \ / la

Aatmoviot, tiva Tovde Oeov decpeve? EdXovTes,

KapTEepov; ovdé dépewy SvUvaTAaL pv VNDS EVEPYNS.

* \ \ cf », 3 \ eae. / > Fé

}) yap Levs bbe vy éotlv 7 apyupoto&os “AmoAX@v

d\ / > \ b] a An

né Ilocerddwy: érret ov Ovntotor Bpototow 20

428

VII.—TO DIONYSUS, 1-20

Hail, sweetly-winning, coy-eyed goddess! Grant

that I may gain the victory in this contest, and order

you my song. And now I will remember you and

another song also.

Vil

TO DIONYSUS

I witt tell of Dionysus, the son of glorious Semele,

~ how he appeared on a jutting headland by the shore

of the fruitless sea, seeming like a stripling in the

first flush of manhood: his rich, dark hair was waving

about him, and on his strong shoulders he wore a

purple robe. Presently there came swiftly over the

sparkling sea Tyrsenian! pirates on a well-decked

ship—a miserable doom led them on. When they

saw him they made signs to one another and sprang

out quickly, and seizing him straightway, put him on

board their ship exultingly; for they thought him

the son of heaven-nurtured kings. They sought to

bind him with rude bonds, but the bonds would not

hold him, and the withes fell far away from his hands

and feet: and he sat with a smile in his dark eyes.

Then the helmsman understood all and cried out at

once to his fellows and said:

“Madmen ! what god is this whom you have taken

and bind, strong that he is? Not even the well-

built ship can carry him. Surely this is either

Zeus or Apollo who has the silver bow, or Poseidon,

for he looks not like mortal men but like the gods

1 Probably not Etruscans, but the non-Hellenic peoples of

Thrace and (according to Thucydides) of Lemnos and Athens.

Cp. Herodotus i. 57; Thucydides iv. 109.

429

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

eiKenos, arha Gcols, ov ‘On parva Sopat éxouoly.

GN ayer , avr op ad dpev én vy mei Povo peNaivns

avriKa pao emt Xetpas iadrere, py TL KONWOELS

open qr apyanhéous T ave [OUS Kab hatdama TONAHDV.

“Os Paro: TOV O d.pxos oTuyEp@ jvimame p00 25

datpovt’, ovpov Gpa, dua & taotiov EXKEO vNOS

cuptave éria rAaBov: Gde 6 avdT avdpecot

Herre.

ENT Opell, n Aiyunrov apigerar I) 6 YE Kvmpov

i) és ‘TrrepBopeous 7; i EKaTT EPO" és O€ TENEUTID 7

ex TOT épet avTou Te pidous Kal KTHpATA TdVTa 30

OUS TE KAT UYVITOUS, éqrel ply. eBane Satpov.

“Os eitr@v lorov TE Kat ioTtov ENKETO NOS.

éumvevoev © avewos pécov tatiov: audl 0 ap OTAa

KaTTavucay’ Taxa O€ odiv épaiveto Oavpata Epya.

oivos wev Tp@TLaTA Oony ava VHA méeNaLvaV 35

nOUTrOTOS KEeAdpUS EVMdS, WpVUTO O OOpy

auBpecin vavTtas 6€ Tados NdBe TavTas LOovTas.

avtixa © axpoTatoy Tapa iatiov é&eTavucOn

dpmeros évOa kat &vOa, katexpnuvavto O€ TOKE

Botpves: apd torov 6€ peas cio cero KLeo OS, 40

avleos TnrACOdw?, Kapiers d° éqb Kapmos op@per’

TaVTES dé oKarpot aTepavous ¢ exon" of dé LoovTes,

va} On + ror’ emTerTa kuBepynrny ex €Nevov

27) Tehday nol apa ope Aéwy yeveT ev6o0 v0s

SeLvos one axpotatys, peya & éBpayev, év 0 apa

peoon 45

dipKT Ov éqroina ev Lacvavxeva, TNMATA paver

dv © éoTn pepavia: heov & emt oéXmatos aKpou

dewvov uTodpa Lowy: of & és mpvpuny éboByOer,

1 Hermann: uh & #57, M (other MSS. are further

corrupted).

430

VII.—TO DIONYSUS, 21-48

who dwell on Glympus. Come, then, let us set him

free upon the dark shore at once: do not lay hands

on him, lest he grow angry and stir up dangerous

winds and heavy squalls.”

So said he: but the master chid him with taunting

words: “ Madman, mark the wind and heip hoist sail

on the ship: catch all the sheets. As for this fellow

we men will see to him: I reckon he is bound for

Egypt or for Cyprus or to the Hyperboreans or

‘further still. But in the end he will speak out and

tell us his friends and all his wealth and his brothers,

now that providence has thrown him in our way.”

When he had said this, he had mast and sail

hoisted on the ship, and the wind filled the sail and

_ the crew hauled taut the sheets on either side. But

soon strange things were seen among them. First

of all sweet, fragrant wine ran streaming throughout

all the black ship and a heavenly smell arose, so that

all the seamen were seized with amazement when

they saw it. And all at once a vine spread out both

ways along the top of the sail with many clusters

hanging down from it, and a dark ivy-plant twined

about the mast, blossoming with flowers, and with

rich berries growing on it; and all the thole-pins were

covered with garlands. When ihe pirates saw all

this, then at last they bade the helmsman to put the

ship to land. But the god changed into a dreadful -

lion there on the ship, in the bows, and roared

loudly: amidships also he showed his wonders and

created a shaggy bear which stood up ravening,

while on the forepeak was the lion glaring fiercely

with scowling brows. And so the sailors fled into the

431

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

aud cuBepyntny 5é caodpova Oupov éxovTa

/ eH Neue: WS) Us ON Des M4 b i

értay dp éxmdnyévtes: 0 0 é€Eamivns émopovcas 50

) Ge ee / \ / ? / |

apyxov &€d’, ot dé Ovpale Kaxov popoyv éEadvovtes

TAVTES OMOS THONGAD, éTrel LOoV, eis Aa Oiav,

derives 0 éyévovto: KkuBepyntny 0 édenoas

by , BY4 if > tf n

éoyele kat pty EOnKke TavorPtov eiTré Te “UOOV"

Odpoer, tite KaTopt, TO éu@ Kexaptopeve Ovpr@: 55

SNe Ne / LP rN f /

ell O éy@ Arovucos épiBpopos, dv TéKe HTHP

Kadpnis eeu Aros év @iroTnte peyetoa.

Xaipe, TéKos LewéANHS EVOTLOOS’ OVOE TH Eo TL

aelo ye AnOomevoy yAUKEPIVY KOTUHTAL AoLOnY.

Vaid

EIS APEA

aionApes UTeppevera, Bpiodppate, Xpuccon ANE,

oBprpobupe, pépacme, TONLT COE, NarKoxopuaTa,

KapTEpoXetp, aporynTe, Sopiabeves, € EpKos ‘OrdvpTov,

Nixns ev TONE /LOLO TATE, cuvaporye Oéputotos,

avreBiove TUpavye, OuKaLoTaT@D a aye porter,

jvopens TKNTTOVXE, mupavyed KUKNOV EXLT TOV

atBépos ETTATOPOUS € evl Telpeoty, evda g¢ T @AOL

— Cadderyées TpLTarns UTép AVTUYOS atev exover’

cr001, Bporar é emixoupe, doTnp evap eos * Bn,

mpnv KaTactihBev cehas voter € és Biotnta 10

NMETEPHV KAL KAPTOS APHLOV, WS KE OUVALWHD

cevac0at KaKOTHTA TLKpHY aT éwolo KapHVvon,

Kal uxns amatndov vToyvauvat dpec opuny,

1M: ed0adréos ‘ flourishing,” ET.

1

432

VIIL.—TO ARES, 1-13

stern and crowded bemused about the right- minded

helmsman, until suddenly the lion sprang upon the

master and seized him ; and when the sailors saw it

they leapt out overboard one and all into the bright

sea, escaping from a miserable fate, and were

changed into dolphins. But on the helmsman

Dionysus had mercy and held him back and made

him altogether happy, saying to him:

“Take courage, good . . .; you have found favour

with my heart. I am loud-crying Dionysus whom

Cadmus’ daughter Semele bare of union with Zeus.”

Hail, child of fair-faced Semele! He who forgets

you can in no wise order sweet song.

VIll

TO ARES

_ Args, exceeding in strength, chariot-rider, golden-

helmed, doughty in heart, shield-bearer, Saviour of

cities, harnessed in bronze, strong of arm, un-

wearying, mighty with the spear, O defence of

Olympus, father of warlike Victory, ally of Themis,

stern governor of the rebellious, leader of righteous

men, sceptred King of manliness, who whirl your

fiery sphere among the planets in their sevenfold

courses through the aether wherein your blazing

steeds ever bear you above the third firmament of

heaven ; hear me, helper of men, giver of dauntless

youth! Shed down a kindly ray from above upon

my life, and strength of war, that I may be able to

drive away bitter cowardice from my head and crush

down the deceitful impulses of my soul. Restrain

433

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Ouuod T av Hevos 0&0 KAT LOX EME, os BV epeOnoe

puromoos KpvEpiys émBawweper” AXA ov Odpaoos 15

60s, MaKap, ELpHvNs Te wéverv év ATHmoaL Oecpois

ducpevéwy mpoduyovta o0ov Kijpds te Biaiovs.

TX

EIS) APTEMIN

“Aprepw Dyvel, Movdca, KacryynT yD ‘Exaroto,

mapOevon 4 loxéeaupan, opotpodoy “AmoAXvoS,

nO tmmrous apraca Babvaxotvoro MérnTOos

piupa dua 2 mupyns TaryX pvc eov Gp pa OLMKEL

és KXdpov aumehocooar, 00° dpyuporofos "ATrOAXN@Y

HoTaL popvatov éxatnBorov & lox éarpay. 6 i

Kat ov PED OvUT@ xaipe beat & apa TAG Oot doin

avTap eyo ge TpaTa Kal éx céOev a apxop deibew,

gev 0 éym apEdpevos peTaBnoopuar adXov és ; Dpvov.

xX

©

EI> A®POAITHN

Kumpoyev Kuéperav deloopal, NTE Bpotoice

petdexa d@pa didwow, ep pEepT@ dé TpocaTe

aiel perdsaes Kab eb ipepT ov Oéet av0os.

Xaipe, bea, Zadapivos * eVKTLMEDNS pedéove'a

eivanins TE Kumpov bos S (pepoecoay colony. 5

avTap eyo Kal oeio Kal AXANS pYnTOM aoLo}s.

1 All MSS. save M which has xatpe ménapa, Kvdqpns,

‘hail, blessed one, (queen of) Cythera.”

434

X.—TO APHRODITE

also the keen fury of my heart which provokes m eget

to tread the ways of blood-curdling strife. Rather,

O blessed one, give you me boldness to abide within

the harmless laws of peace, avoiding strife and

hatred and the violent fiends of death.

IX

TO ARTEMIS

Muss, sing of Artemis, sister of the Far-shooter,

the virgin who delights in arrows, who was fostered

with Apollo. She waters her horses from Meles

deep in reeds, and swiftly drives her all-golden

chariot through Smyrna to vine-clad Claros where

Apollo, god of the silver bow, sits waiting for the

far-shooting goddess who delights in arrows.

And so hail to you, Artemis, in my song and to all

goddesses as well. Of you first I sing and: with you

I begin ; now that I have begun with you; I will turn

to another song.

Xx

TO APHRODITE

~ Or Cytherea, born in Cyprus, I will sing. She

gives kindly gifts to men: smiles are ever on her

lovely face, and lovely is the brightness that plays

over it.

Hail, goddess, queen of well-built Salamis and sea-

girt Cyprus; grant mea cheerful song. And now

I will remember you and another song also.

435

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XI

EI> AOHNAN

Tlanrdd’ “A@nvainu épucitrory apyom daetoey,

devnv, 7 ovv” Apne mérEr TrOAEHLA Eprya

TepOGopueval Te TOANES GUTH TE TTONELOL TE,

Kat T épptoato Naov lovTa Te Vico OpmevoY TE.

Xaipe, bed, dds 8 dupe téynv ebdarmovinv te. 5 |

XII

EIS HPAN

Hpnv aetdw ypucoOpovor, iv téxe Pein,

aBavatov 1 Bacireav, Umelpox ov eloos Eyoucay,

Znvos épuySovTrovo Kao UYyYHTHY ddoxov Té,

KvOpny, 4 iv. TAVTES pana pes KATA pax pov "OdvpTrov

atomevot Tiovow owas Art TepTreKEepavva. 5

|

XIII

Ely AHMHTPAN

Anuntnp UKOMOV, emp Oeay, dpxop aeloely,

avTiy Kal KOUpN), “mepiKarnea Tlepepovecav.

Xaipe, Jed, cal tHvde cdov mort apxe &

aoons.

1 Matthiae: &@avartyiv, MSS.

436

» geod se

oe

XII.—TO DEMETER

XI

TO ATHENA

Or Pallas Athene, guardian of the city, I begin

to sing. Dread is she, and with Ares she loves deeds

of war, the sack of cities and the shouting and the

battle. Itis she who saves the people as they go out

to war and come back.

Hail, goddess, and give us good fortune with

happiness !

XII

TO HERA

I sine of golden-throned Hera whom Rhea bare.

Queen of the immortals is she, surpassing all in

beauty: she is the sister and the wife of loud-

thundering. Zeus,—the glorious one whom all the

blessed throughout high Olympus reverence and

honour even as Zeus who delights in thunder.

XIII

TO DEMETER

I Begin to sing of rich-haired Demeter, awful

goddess, of her and of her daughter lovely

Persephone.

Hail, goddess! Keep this city safe,'and govern

my song.

437

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XIV

EIS MHTEPA @®EQN

A /

Mytépa po. tavtwv te Oeoy TavT@y T av0poTav

aA if

vpvet, Movaoa riryera, Atos Ovyatnp peyadoto,

eC / a

7 KpoTdX@v TUTaVeY T ayn cvV TE BpOoMos AVABY

By IQ\ / \ a f

evadey nO AVKOV KAAYYH YapoTOv TE NeovTo@Vv |

Pat 2) cetd sree Nie \GY yf , al

OUPEA T NYXNEVTA KAL UANEVTES EVAVAOL. | 5

K \ \ N e/ ; a @ if Qe’ UA aA > OF

al TV MEV OVUTM Yalpe Ceat GC Apa TAGAL AOLON.

XV

EI> HPAKAEA AEONTOOTMON

¢€ / SN ey, 9507 A fy £9.> 37

Hpaknréa, Aros viov, aetcopuat, Ov mey aptoTtov

i a: 99 , / BY if

yetvat émtxPoviav OnBys eve KaXKOpoLo Lv

Ade puqvn puxeioa Kehawepel K poviwve:

OS Trply pev KATA yatav abo parov 708 oo

TrAACmEvOsS TopTHaw Ur KvpucOhos dvaxtos! 5

TOAAG pev autos épeEey atdoanra, ToAAAG O

aveTrn*?

pov © dn KaTa Kadov &o5 vidoevTos 'Onprov

vaier TepTropevos Kal Eyes KaAALTdUpOV “Hyp.

Xaitpe, dvak, Aros vie didov & apernv te Kal

ONPov.

1 Most MSS. : anuatver’ aeOrAcvav xparads, M.

2 Most MSS. : etoxa egpya, M.

438

XV._TO HERACLES THE LION-HEARTED

XIV

TO THE MOTHER OF THE GODS

I priTHEs, clear-voiced Muse, daughter of mighty

Zeus, sing of the mother of all gods and men. She

is well-pleased with the sound of rattles and of

timbrels, with the voice of flutes. and the outcry

of wolves and bright-eyed lions, with echoing hills

~ and wooded coombes.

And so hail to you in my song and to all goddesses

as well! |

XV

TO HERACLES THE LION-HEARTED

I wit sing of Heracles, the son of Zeus and much

the mightiest of men on earth. Alemena bare him

in Thebes, the city of lovely dances, when the dark-

clouded Son cf Cronos had lain with her. Once he

used to wander over unmeasured tracts of land and

sea at the bidding of King Eurystheus, and himself

did many deeds of violence and endured many ;

but now he lives happily in the glorious home of

snowy Olympus, and has neat-ankled Hebe for his

wife.

Hail, lord, son of Zeus! Give me success and

prosperity. |

439

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XVI

EIS ASKAHIIION

b] an / 3 \ YA F039 a)

Intnpa voowy AckXnTrLov apxYom aloe,

CN ’ / S b) / fa \

viov "AmoAAwvoS, TOV éyeivato Ota Kopmvis

Awtiaw év tredio, xovpn Preyvov Bactr4Hos,

n n >)

Yappa péy avOpworoor, KaKoV OedXKTHp dduvdawv.

n ) J >]

al ov pev ovTw Yyalpe, dvak Aitopar dé o :

XVII

EIS AIOSKOTPOTS

Kadotopa cai Worvdevne’ aetoeo, Movaa Xiyera,

Tuvdapioas, ot Znvos ‘Odvprriov éEeyévovto-

Tovs ume Tnurvérou xopudas téxe woTVLa Anon

AAO pn Urobunbeioa xerawedés Kpoviove.

Xatpete, Tuvdapioas, Tayéwv émiBytopes trmov. 5

XVIII

EIS EPMHN

€ aA , /

Eppnv aeiow KvrAAjviov, ‘A pyerbovryp,

Kvrarnvns medéovta cal “Apxadins twodupnrou,

f / d a

ayyerov alavdatwy éptovviov, ov téxe Maia,

/ a

"Atravtos Ouydtnp, Aros év diroTrnte puyeloa,

b / / \ fal > / /

atooin? paKxdpwy O€ Oed@y adéetvev Omron, 5

avTP@ vareTdovoa TradLoKi@: év0a Kpoviwv

/ \ a

VULhN EVTAOKALM LLOYETKETO VUKTOS ALONYO,

440

eee ETO) HERMES, 1-7

XVI

TO ASCLEPIUS

I secin to sing of Asclepius, son of Apollo and

healer of sicknesses. In the Dotian plain fair

Coronis, daughter of King Phlegyas, bare him, a great

joy to men, a soother of cruel pangs.

And so hail to you, lord: in my song I make my

prayer to thee! ;

XVII

TO THE DIOSCURI

Sine, clear-voiced Muse, of Castor and Polydeuces,

the Tyndaridae, who sprang from Olympian Zeus.

Beneath the heights of Taygetus stately Leda bare

_ them, when the dark-clouded Son of Cronos had

privily bent her to his will.

Hail, children of Tyndareus, riders upon swift

horses !

XVIII

TO HERMES

I sine of Cyllenian Hermes, the Slayer of Argus,

lord of Cyllene and Arcadia rich in flocks, luck-

bringing messenger of the deathless gods. He was

born of Maia, the daughter of Atlas, when she had

mated with Zeus,—a shy goddess she. Ever she

avoided the throng of the blessed gods and lived

in a shadowy cave, and there the Son of Cronos

used to lie with the rich-tressed nymph at dead

441

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

-

EVTE KATA YAUKUS UTrvos Exot Aevx@AEvoy “Hyp:

NavOave o aBavarous Te Oeovs Ovnrous T av0 porous.

Kai ov pev ovTw yatpe, Aros kat Matdéoos vié- 10

oev o éyo apEduevos peTaBynoopat adrXov és

Upvov.

[yvatp’, “Epuh yaprdera, dudxtope, d@Top édov.'|

XIX

KIS IANA

"Amdt pot ‘Eppeiao pidov yovov were, Movca,

aiytToony, OiKepwmTa, dudOKpoTOV, GoT ava TiCH

SevopyevT dpvous porta xopoynbea vimpars,

al Te KAT aiyiAT os TET PNS otTeiBovor Kapnva

Tlav’ AVAKEKNO MEDAL, YOpLLOv Jeov, aryhaeberpov, 5

auxpunev?’, Os: TAT Aopov vopoevTa NéAOYVE

Kal Kopupas opeov Kab TET PHEVTA Kapnva.

pourg ro evoa Kat vba OLa pomnua TUKVG,

ANNOTE [Lev petOporow ep Eh K6LEV05 parakotow,

adNdOTE Sav TET PNW év nrmaBarouoe Ovorxvel, 10

Gk pot ar ay Kopupny [nO KOTOV eicavaBaivenr.

TOAAGKL O apyLvoevTa dséOpapev oped paxpa,

TOANGKL © €V KVNfLOLTL Ouphace Ofpas € evaipar,

o&€a Sepkopevos* ToTe & Eomepos exaryev olov

aypns efaviov, Covaxav U vTO “wovaay abopov 15

YROUMOV* OUVK AV TOV YE Tapadpdpor é év peNeoolv

OpVLSs, Nr EAPOS ni pnwiaw Aeon, év TETANOLOL

Opivov enim poxeoug AK EEL” Ein PU covey.

auv 6€ cdi ToTe Nvpdat opertiddes AeyvporTroe

' This line appears to be an alternative to I, 10-11.

2 Ilgen: émimpoxéovca XéEl, MSS.

442

XIX.—TO PAN, 1-19

of night, while white-armed Hera -lay + esi e aoe

sweet sleep: and neither deathless god nor mortal

man knew it. |

And so hail to you, Son of Zeus and Maia; with

you I have begun: now I will turn to another song !

Hail, Hermes, giver of grace, guide, and giver of

. good things !

XIX

TO PAN

Muss, tell me about Pan, the dear son of Hermes,

with his goat’s feet and two horns—a lover of merry

noise. Through wooded glades he wanders with

dancing nymphs who foot it on some sheer cliff’s

edge, calling upon Pan, the shepherd-god, long-

haired, unkempt. He has every snowy crest and the

mountain peaks and rocky crests for his domain ;

hither and thither he goes through the close thickets,

now lured by soft streams, and now he presses on

amongst towering crags ‘and climbs up to the

highest peak that overlooks the flocks. Often he

courses through the glistening high mountains, and

often on the shouldered hills he speeds along laying

wild beasts, this keen-eyed god. Only at evening

as he returns from the chase, he sounds his roe

playing sweet and low on his pipes of reed : not even

she could excel him in melody—that bird who in

flower-laden spring pouring forth her lament utters

honey-voiced song amid the leaves. At that hour

the clear-voiced nymphs are with him and move

443

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

a / \ > \ ¥, (A

horT@oa TUKA TrocOlY emt KPHVN MeXNAVVOP@ 20

is \ \ , BA ’ /

péeATrovTaL Kopudyy Sé TeptaTéver ovpeos Hyo:

daiwv 0 év0a Kal &v0a yxopav, Tote O és pécov

EpT av,

TUKVa Tool SLémeEl, Naihos O émi vaTAa Sadowvov

AuYyKOS Eye, AuyUpHoLY ayadAopevos Ppeva poNTraés

b) an al / J FSP) C7

€V MAAAK® NELwove, TOOL KPOKOS HO VaKLWOOS 25

ev@dns darOov KATAPLT YET aL dx puta motn.

“Tyvedow dé Geovs paxapas Kab pak pov "Oduprrov:

oiov & ‘Eppeiny € éprowviov &Eoxov adv

évveTov, @S 6 y tract Jeois Ooos adyyenros éoTt,

, (] ee 9 b) P) if We f

kat p 6 x és “Apxadinv todumidaxa, pntépa

LNAOD, 30

eFixer’, év0a Té ob TéepEvos Kvarrnviov éotiv.

ev? 6 6 ye Kal Oeos @v Yapaporpixa pA EVO pevEV

avbp. Tapa OvnT@: Odre yap TwOOos vypos erred Oav

if b) he / J an

vuppn evTroKap@ Apvotros diXoTHTL puynvac:

b) b) Hull Ls if / 2 aren

éx © éTéXeace yduov Oarepov. Téxe O ev pe-

ydadpotow 35

‘Eppetn pirov viov, dbap tepatwrov idécOar,

b) / UA / e 4

aiyiTroony, dixépwta, dedoKpoTov, novyéA@TA*

an > /. / 95,190 a A

dhedye 0 avaitaca, XNiTev © dpa Taida TLOnVN:

detoe yap, ws idev dr apmeiduxXov, HuUyévetov.

\ b) a 79 ¢ / 5) / b) / a ee

Tov 0 airy’ ‘Eppetas éprovutos eis yépa Onne 40

deEdmevos, Xaipev O€ vom TEpL@ata Saipov.

piugpa o és adavatwv &pas xie maida KartWas

déppacw év TruKivotow GpecK@OLO NAYwWODdD:

Tap € ZLnvi cdOile Kal adXols aGavatotot, |

detEe dé Kovpov éov: Tavtes 8 apa Oupov érephOev 45

444

XIX.—TO PAN, 20-45

with nimble feet, singing by some spring of dark

water, while Echo wails about the mountain-top,

and the god on this side or on that of the choirs,

or at times sidling into the midst, plies it nimbly

with his feet. On his back he wears a spotted

lynx-pelt, and he delights in high-pitched songs

in a soft meadow where crocuses and sweet-smelling

hyacinths bloom at random in the grass.

They sing of the blessed gods and high Olympus

_and choose to tell of such an one as luck-bringing

Hermes above the rest, how he is the swift messenger

of all the gods, and how he came to Arcadia, the land

of many springs and mother of flocks, there where his

sacred place is as god of Cyllene. For there, though

a god, he used to tend curly-fleeced sheep in the

service of a mortal man, because there fell on him

and waxed strong melting desire to wed the rich-

tressed daughter of Dryops, and there he brought

about the merry marriage. And in the house she

bare Hermes a dear son who from his birth was

marvellous to look upon, with goat's feet and two

horns—a noisy, merry-laughing child. But when

the nurse saw his uncouth face and full beard, she

was afraid and sprang up and fled and left the

child. Then luck-bringing Hermes received him

and took him in his arms: very glad in his heart

was the god. And he went quickly to the abodes

of the deathless gods, carrying his son wrapped in

warm skins of mountain hares, and set him down

beside Zeus and showed him to the rest of the

gods. Then all the immortals were glad in heart

445

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

addvatot, mepladrra, So Baxxevos Avovucos:

Ilava 6é pe KareerKon, OTL ppeva Taow éTeprwe.

Kali od pev ottw yaipe, avat, tdapar 6€ a |

GoLon: a

avTap éy@ Kalb oeio Kal aXANS prHoop aoLONs.

XX

ELS H®BAISTON

Hdasotov KUTOMNTLY aeiLceo, Motca iryeva,

Os eT “AOnvains ‘YAavewn L008 ayhad epya

av pw@mous édtdakev émt xGovos, ob TO TapOS TEP

ayT pows vateTadaoKov év ouperw, nore Onpes.

vov O€ Oe “Hdatotov crutotéxvny epya Saévtes 5

pyroios ai@va Tehea Popov eis EVLAUTOV

eVKNAOL Oudyoucw € évl opeTépotoe Somo.ow.

"ARN thd’, “Hgatote didou & dpetav te Kal

vey oii

XXI

EIS ATIOAAQONA

A M4

DoiBe, o€ wey Kal KUKVOS UTO TTEPUYoV Nir

aeioet,

A 2) M4 \ / /

bxOn em poo Kev ToTaLOY mapa SuwijevTa,

IInveov: oé 8 G0w00s EX OV poppwyya Niryevav

NOUETNS ™pOT Ov Te Kal VoTatov alev aEeLoet.

Kal od pév ott yatpe, dvat, thapar Oé o

aoLon. 5

446

XXI.—TO APOLLO

and Bacchie Dionysus in especial; and they called

the boy Pan? because he delighted all their hearts.

And so hail to you, lord! I seek your favour with

a song. And now | will remember you and another

song also.

XX

TO HEPHAESTUS

Sing, clear-voiced Muse, of Hephaestus famed for

inventions. With bright-eyed Athene he taught men

glorious crafts throughout the world,—men who

before used to dwell in caves in the mountains like

wild beasts. But now that they have learned craits

through Hephaestus the famed worker, easily they

live a peaceful life in their own houses the whole

year round.’

Be gracious, Hephaestus, and grant me success

i and prosperity !

XXI

TO APOLLO

Pyorsus, of you even the swan sings with clear

voice to the beating of his wings, as he alights upon

the bank by the eddying river Peneus; and of you

the sweet-tongued minstrel, holding his high-pitched

lyre, always sings both first and last.

And so hail to you, lord ! I seek your favour with

my song.

1 The name Pan is here derived from waves ‘‘all.” Cp.

_ Hesiod, Works and Days 80-82, Hymn to Aphrodite (v) 198,

for the significance of personal names.

447

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XXII

EIS TOSEIAONA

"Awol Tlocerddwva, péyav Oeov, dpyop aetdery,

yains Kuvnthpa Kat aT puyéroto Jaracons,

Tovttov, 600 “EXika@va Kal evpetas éyer Aids.

Ou Oa TOL, ‘Evvoo iyate, Geot TUPNY éddoaro,

imt@ov Te OuNTHP Ewevae oorhpa TE VINOD.

Xaipe, Tocetdaoy yaunoxe, KuavoxaiTa,

Kal, wadKap, evpeves Hrop Exo TAWOVOW apnye.

XXIIT

EIS TIIATON KPONIAHN

Liva Jeav TOV &ploTov deioopat noe péyeaTo,

eupvoTra, KpelovTa, Teheo Popo, ¢ bate Oémote

ery LOOV eomevy TUKLVOVS OAPOUS oapiter.

"TAn®’, evpvorra Kpovidn, cvdsate pméyloTe.

XXIV

KIS EXTIAN

‘Eorin, NTE GVAKTOS "AmroAXN@vos ExdTOLO

Iudoi é év jyaben i Lepov Oopov appemronevers,

atel TOW TOKE LOV amonetBerat t brypov éNavov’

Epxeo TOVO ava oikov, éy’ Epxeo" Oupov & éyovoa

avy Aut pyntioevte yap O aw draccov aon.

1 Tucker : érépxeo,

448

cr

XXIV.—TO HESTIA

XXII

TO POSEIDON

I BEGIN to sing about Poseidon, the great god,

mover of the earth and fruitless sea, god of the deep

_ who is also lord of Helicon and wide Aegae. A two-

fold office the gods allotted you, O Shaker of the

Earth, to be a tamer of horses and a saviour of ships !

Hail, Poseidon, Holder of the Earth, dark-haired

_ lord! O blessed one, be kindly in heart and help

those who voyage in ships!

XXITI

TO THE SON OF CRONOS, MOST HIGH

I witt sing of Zeus, chiefest among the gods and

greatest, all-seeing, the lord of all, the fulfiller who

whispers words of wisdom to Themis as she sits lean-

ing towards him.

Be gracious, all-seeing Son of Cronos, most

excellent and great !

XXIV

TO HESTIA

Hestia, you who tend the holy house of the lord

Apollo, the Far-shooter at goodly Pytho, with soft oil

dripping ever from your locks, come now into this

house, come, having one mind with Zeus the all-wise

—draw near, and withal bestow grace upon my

song.

449

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XX V

EIS MOTSAS KAI ATIOAAQNA

Movodov dip Xoo past "AméAX@vOs Te Atos Te’

éx yap Move dor Kal ex Borou ‘ArrOAA@VOS

dvdpes aoLool €acw em x Gori Kab Kilapiorat,

ex de Atos Baoindies: 00 OrBt0s; ¢ OV Twa Movaar |

pideovrar yAuKEpn Ol ATO OTOMATOS peer avon. 5 of

Xaipere, TEKVOL Avos, wal env TUN AT G@OLony: |

avuTap éyav UucwVv TE KAL AAANS pYnTOM aOLONs.

XXVI

EIS) AIONTSON

Kiocoxopny A.ovuc ov éptBpopor o apxom aeELoeLy,

Znvos Kab Dewehns epuxvo0€os dryhaov vion,

Ov Tpépov nUKomoL NUudat Tapa TaTpos avaKTOS

dcEdmevat KoNTrOLTL Kal evduKEewS ATITAAXOV

Nvons ev yudnous: 0 6 aé&eTo TaTpos ExNTE os

av p@ éy ev@det Her api Los adavatoicww.

avTap éreton) TOVOE Deal TONUU[LYOV eOpewran,

On TOTE portivere Kal’ UNHEVTAS evavous,

KLoo@ Kal Saddvyn meTUKAGMévos* at é ape ETrovTo

Neppau, 0 6 é&nyetto: Bpouos 6 éxev aomeTov

Oy. 10

Kai ov pev ottw xaipe, tordvotddury @

Atovuce: |

dos 5 muds Yaipovtas és @pas adtis ixéaOat,

éx 8 av’ w@pdwy cis TOvS TOAXOUS évLaUTOUS.

450

XXVI—TO DIONYSUS

XXV

TO THE MUSES AND APOLLO

I witx begin with the Muses and Apollo and Zeus.

For it is through the Muses and Apollo that there

are singers upon the earth and players upon the

lyre; but kings are from Zeus. Happy is he whom

the Muses love : sweet flows speech from his lips.

Hail, children of Zeus! Give honour to my song!

And now I will remember you and another song

also.

XXVI

TO DIONYSUS

I BEGIN to sing of ivy-crowned Dionysus, the loud-

crying god, splendid son of Zeus and _ glorious

Semele. The rich-haired Nymphs received him in |

their bosoms from the lord his father and fostered

and nurtured him carefully in the dells of Nysa,

where by the will of his father he grew up in a sweet-

smelling cave, being reckoned among the immortals.

But when the goddesses had brought him up, a god

oft hymned, then began he to wander continually

through the woody coombes, thickly wreathed with

ivy and laurel. And the Nymphs followed in his

train with him for their leader; and the boundless

forest was filled with their outcry.

And so hail to you, Dionysus, god of abundant

clusters! Grant that we may come again rejoicing

to this season, and from that season onwards for

many a year.

451

GG 2

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XXVII

EI> APTEMIN

Aptemuy detow XpvondaKkaTov, Kedacewyy,

ma.p0 évov aidoiny, ehadnBonror, Loxeaupar,

avToKacuyyyrny \V pUcaOpPoVU ‘ATrOA@VOS,

i) KaT Opn KLOET Kal aKpLas jvEpoeroas

aypn TepTrowéevy TaryXpuoed TOs, TuTaiver

méeuTrovea TTOvOEVTA Bena: Tpopéer O€ KaPHVA

typn Ov opewn, taxes O és OdoKtos UAH

dewor t mo KrNayyis Onpav, pplocer 6é Te yata

TOVTOS T ixOvoers: nO aL ov nT Op exouca

mav7n ema Tpeper as Onpayv or€xovca yeveOrnv.

avTap émny Teppon OnpockoTos é loxearpa,

evppnvn oe voov, vahdoao eva pm ed, TOEa

EDYETAL ES peya daa Kao LYyVHTOLO pirouo,

@oiBov ‘AmOA@vOS, Acrpar é és mova Onwov,

Movoar Kai Xapirov KANOV Yopov apTuveouaa.

év0a KaTaKpEenacacd may Tova, Toga Kab tous

nryetTat XaplevTa mept xpot KO MOV exouoa,

_ €Eapxyouca Xopous: ar o apBpociny ¢ Om letoat

vpvedow AnT@ Kardio pupor, @S TEKE Taidas

abavatwv Bourg Te Kab epypacw éfox apictous.

Xaipere, TeKva Atos Kal Antovs TUCO [MOLO"

avTap éyov Uméwy Te Kal ANAS pYHTOM aoLoNs.

XX WV ITT

EIS; AOHNAN

TWarrad’ ‘AOnvainy, Kvdpay dear, ¢ &pxop’ he

YAQUVKMTLV, TOAVMYTLVY, ApEeLANLYoV HTOp ExoVGar,

452

XXVIII.—TO ATHENA

XXVII

TO ARTEMIS

I sinc of Artemis, whose shafts are of gold, who

cheers on the hounds, the pure maiden, shooter of

stags, who delights in archery, own sister te Apollo

with the golden sword. Over the shadowy hills and

windy peaks she draws her golden bow, rejoicing in

the chase, and sends out grievous shafts. The tops

of the high mountains tremble and the tangled wood

~ echoes awesomely with the outcry of beasts: earth

quakes and the sea also where fishes shoal. But the

goddess with a bold heart turns every way destroying

the race of wild beasts : and when she is satisfied and

has cheered her heart, this huntress who delights in

arrows slackens her supple bow and goes to the

great house of her dear brother Phoebus Apollo, to

the rich land of Delphi, there to order the lovely

dance of the Muses and Graces. There she hangs

up her curved bow and her arrows, and heads and

leads the dances, gracefully arrayed, while all they

utter their heavenly voice, singing how neat-ankled

Leto bare children supreme among the immortals

both in thought and in deed.

Hail to you, children of Zeus and _ rich-haired

Leto! And now I will remember you and another

song also.

XXVIII

TO ATHENA

I secin to sing of Pallas Athene, the glorious

goddess, bright-eyed, inventive, unbending of heart,

453

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

TapOévov aidoinv, épvaimToALy, ANKnET aay,

Tperoyevt, THY AUTOS evyeivaTo pnriera Zevs

TEL TS eK Keparhs, TONEMNLA TEVYE éxovoay,

Xpvcea, Taupavowvta: céBas 0 eve TavTas

opavTas

abavatous: 4) 6€ m™ poo ev Atos airywoxoto

eooupevars @povcer aT aavarovo Kapyvov,

ocicae o€by a dKkovta: péyas © éderiver’ "Ordvupsros

Selvov UT Bptpyns YAAUK@TLOOS* appl 6€ yaia

TMEpoaréon & Layne’ exevn On & dpa TOVTOS,

KOpact Toppupeoiae KUK@[LEVOS" ExXVTO i é ann

eLamivns: oThoev © “Trreptovos dryads vios

immous. OKUTOOAS On pov Xpovov, ELOOTE Koupn

etAeT at A0avaT@OY WLoV Oeoeixeda TEvXN

TandXas AOnvainy: yndnoe dé pntiera Zevs.

Kat ov fev ovT@ Xatpe, Axos TEKOS aLiryLOxOLO"

avTap éy@ Kat celo Kal AAANS pYHTOM aOLONS.

XXITX

EI ESTIAN

‘Kotin, ) wavrov év dopacw Undotot

abavatrov Te Oeav Yamal épyowévov T avO potrav

eopny aiOtov chaxes, mpeo Bnioa TOMY,

KANOV exovoa yépas Kal TLLOV" ov yap atTep cov

etharrivat Ountoiow, b iy’ ov Tpw@TN TUMATY TE

‘Eorin dPX.0{LEVOS OT EVOEL pehundéa oivov"

Kal ov jot, ‘Apyevpovra, Avos Kal Maud6os ue,

cytyene TOV paKapor, Xpusoppare, S@Top éawy,

(Aaos @y émapnye TLV aidoin Te Pir TE.

1 Baumeister: goyveto, MSS.

454

XXIX.—TO HESTIA —

From his awful head wise Zeus himself bare her

arrayed in warlike arms of flashing gold, and awe

seized all the gods as they gazed. But Athena

sprang quickly from the immortal head and stood

before Zeus who holds the aegis, shaking a sharp

spear: great Olympus began to reel horribly at the

might of the bright-eyed goddess, and earth round

about cried fearfully, and the sea was moved and

tossed with dark waves, while foam burst forth

suddenly: the bright Son of Hyperion stopped his

swift-footed horses a long while, until the maiden

Pallas Athene had stripped the heavenly armour

from her immortal shoulders.. And wise Zeus was

glad. 7

And so hail to you, daughter of Zeus who holds

the aegis! Now I will remember you and another

song as well.

XXIX

TO HESTIA

Hestia, in the high dwellings of all, both deathless

gods and men who walk on earth, you have gained an

everlasting abode and highest honour : glorious is your

portion and your right. For without you mortals

hold no banquet,—where one does not duly pour

sweet wine in offering to Hestia both first and

last.

And you, Slayer of Argus, Son of Zeus and Maia,

messenger of the blessed gods, bearer of the golden

rod, giver of good, be favourable and help us, you

and Hestia, the worshipful and dear. Come and

455

pure virgin, saviour of cities, courageous, Tritogeneia.

THE HOMERIC HYMNS |

VALETE Sopara KANG, pira ppeoiy Joie aq 9

edoTes? aphorepor yap eux Govioy avO pom av 11

ELOOTES epyHara Kana vow O éomea Je Kab By.

Xaipe, Kpovov Ovryarep, ov Te Kal YpUooppaTrits

b) ‘Epps: A

aUTAp Ey@V UuewV TE KaL AAANS “YNTOM AoLoNs.

XXX

EIS THN MHTEPA TANTON

Tatay TOP LNT ELpaV aeloopar, 7v0 EweO ov,

mperBiorny, F y) pépBer € em yOovi mavO OTe eo Ti,

npev boa xO ova dtav é emepXeTat 70° 60a TOVTOV —

no boa TWTOVTAL, TAHOE pépBeras € éx aéOev OAPouv.

éx cé0 © evtraLdés Te Kal evKaptrot TENCO OVAL, 5

mToTvLa, sev © exeTat Sovvat Biov nO aderéoOar

Ovntots av@pamoaw: O & orBi0s, ov Ke ov dupe

mpoppov TUT NS” TT a Cova TAVTA Tapert.

Spider pev od d:poupa, pepe Bros nO€ KAT aypovs

KTNVETW evOnvel, otKos © eumimaras ec OXov: 10

avTot & evvouinot TOALY KATA KaANyVaALKa

Kotpaveéova , OAs 6€ TOADS Kal TAOUTOS OTF NOEL"

matoes 0 evppoovy veoOnr€t KUOLOMGL

map evixat TE xopots Tohvav0eo ty ceUppove Ovu

mailove at TKALPOUTL Kar av0ea wadkOaKka roins, 15

oUS KE OU TLUNT NS, TeV Gea, abOove Oaipov.

Xaipe, Cea PATNPs arox Otvpavod aotepdevtos,

mpoppov & avr pons Biorov Cupnpe orate:

avTap éym Kal oelo Kal aAANS LvHTOM aoLONS.

1 Translator : ‘Eor(n, MSS.

A50

XXX.—TO EARTH THE MOTHER OF ALL

dwell in this glorious house in friendship together ;

for you two, well knowing the noble actions of

men, aid on their wisdom and their strength.

Hail, Daughter of Cronos, and you also, Hermes,

bearer of the golden rod! Now I will remember you

and another song also.

XXX

TO EARTH THE MOTHER OF ALL

I wit sing of well-founded Earth, mother of all,

eldest of all beings. She feeds all creatures that are

in the world, all that go upon the goodly land, and

all that are in the paths of the seas, and all that fly :

all these are fed of her store. Through you, O

queen, men are blessed in their children and blessed

in their harvests, and to you it belongs to give means

of life to mortal men and to take it away, Happy is

the man whom you delight to honour! He has all

things abundantly: his fruitful land is laden with

corn, his pastures are covered with cattle, and his

house is filled with good things. Such men rule

orderly in their cities of fair women: great riches

and wealth follow them: their sons exult with ever-

fresh delight, and their daughters in flower-laden

bands play and skip merrily over the soft flowers of

the field. Thus is it with those whom you honour

O holy goddess, bountiful spirit.

Hail, Mother of the gods, wife of starry Heaven ;

freely bestow upon me for this my song substance

that cheers the heart! And now I will remember

you and another song also.

457

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

XXXI

EIS HAION

"HXwov vuvety avte Aus TEKOS apxeo Movaoa,

Kadduorn, pacdovta, TOV Evpuddecoa Boamus

ryetvao Trains madi Kai Ovpavod aorepoevTos”

ype yap Huipupdercav arya eerny ‘Trrepion,

AUTOKATLYYNTHY, 1) OL TEKE KONO TEKVA, 5

"HO Te podomnyuy évTAdKapov TE YeAnvnv

Héduoy T AKGULQVT , emLelk NOV alavarotow,

Os dhaiver Ovntotar Kab aavarotar Jeoiouw

im mous euBeBaws: apepovoyv 0 6 Ye dépKeras ¢ dacors

Xpurens éx KOpvOos* Naper pat 5 axTives. am avTov 10

airy NHev oTiXBovat Tapa KpoTapov 667 eGerpar *

Aaprpat aro KPATOs Xapiev KaTéexouar T POO WTrOV

THAaUYES' KANOV Oe meph xpat Naprrerat éa0os

Lem ToupyEs, vou ave meoy" UTro dpoeves (aro.

&vO dp’ 6 ve oT HOAs xpua obuyon a appa Kal imrous, 15 |

Ladrobe TaveTat GK pou em ovpavod, elo OKEV AUTLS | 15%

Oeaoméotos méumnaoe Ov ovpavod "Oxeavovee. |

Xaipe, avaé, 7 poppov dé Biov Oupnpe orate.

éx o60 0 apEapevos KANT® MEepoTr@V yeVvos avdpav

nuléwv, av epya Ocal Ovntotow éderEav.

XXXII

KI> SEAHNHN

Myvny aeidery tavucittepov éotrete, Movoa,

e a a / / Oe IQA

noverrets Koupat Kpovidew Aros, ta topes @oqs*

1 Matthiae : te mapeial, MSS.

458

XXXIIL—TO SELENE

Bo. 0.4!

TO HELIOS |

Anp now, O Muse Calliope, daughter of Zeus,

begin to sing of glowing Helios whom mild-éyed

Euryphaéssa, the far-shining one, bare to the Son of

Earth and starry Heaven. For Hyperion wedded

glorious Euryphaéssa, his own sister, who bare him

lovely children, rosy-armed Eos and _ rich-tressed

Selene and tireless Helios who is like the deathless

gods. As he rides in his chariot, he shines upon men

and deathless gods, and piercingly he gazes with his

_ eyes from his golden helmet. Bright rays beam

dazzlingly from him, and his bright locks streaming

from the temples of his head gracefully enclose. his

far-seen face: a rich, fine-spun garment glows upon

his body and flutters in the wind: and stallions carry

him. Then, when he has stayed his golden-yoked

chariot and horses, he rests there upon the highest

point of heaven, until he marvellously drives them

down again through heaven to Ocean.

Hail to you, lord! Freely bestow on me substance

that cheers the heart. And now that I have begun

with you, I will celebrate the race of mortal men

half-divine whose deeds the Muses have showed to

mankind.

XXXII

TO SELENE

AND next, sweet voiced Muses, daughters of Zeus,

well-skilled in song, tell of the long-winged! Moon.

1 The epithet is a usual one for birds, cp. Hesiod, Works

and Days, 210: as applied to Selene it may merely indicate

her passage, like a*bird, through the air, or mean “ far-flying.”

459

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

AS dro airy yatav éAtooeTaL ovpavoderkTos

KPaT os am &Oavaro.o, ods 8 bro KOO 40S Cpmpev

airyhns Aaprovans: orth Bev 6é 7 aNaptreTos anp 5

Xpucéou amo atebavov, actives & evoudovTat, |

evT a ay an ‘Oxceavoto oer oapern xpoa KaAOD,

elwarta er oapevn TyAaUYER ota Lehqyn,

CevEamevn TONOUS epavxevas, airyAHEVTAS, |

ET TUMEVOS TPOTEPOT éXaon KaNTPLX AS irmrous, 10 |)

éomepin, Suxopmvos” 0 de? TrfOer peyas OryjLos

hapmporarat T avyal TOT aeFomevns TeNeovawy

ovpavobev’ Téxpwp 5é Bpotois Kal ohwa TETUKTAL.

TH pa tote Kpovidns éuiyn didrornre cal evvn:

4 &. Uroxvaoapévn Lavdeiny yetvato Kkovpyy, 15

exmrpemes eldos €youcav év afavartoict Oeoict.

Xaipe, dvacaa, Oed NevK@XEVE, Ota Lernvn,

Tpoppov, é€umAcKam“os: céo © apyYomevos KE

PaTOV

aoouar nutléwv, wv KrELOUT epypar’ Good,

Move dov Oepdmovtes, a amo TTOMATODV €p0évTwv. 20

XXXII

KIX AIOZKOTPOTS

"Audi Acds Kovpous, EXtK@mTLdes EoTreETE Modoa,

Tuvdapisas, Anédns Karhzo pvpov ayaa TéKVa,

Kaoropa 0 immodapov Kat pc unTOV [lokatecce:

TOUS UTO Tavyerou Kopudy ¢ Gpeos [ery aXoLo

purxOeio” év diroTnts Kerdawedés Kpoviove 5

TOTHpAS TEKE maidas enix Govicov avd poTrov

OKUT Opa@Vv TE VEMV, OTE TE oTrépyoot AEAANAL

1 Baumeister: 8 te, MSS,

460

XXXIIIL—TO THE DIOSCURI

From her immortal head a radiance is shown from

heaven and embraces earth; and great is the beauty

that ariseth from her shining light. The air, unlit

before, glows with the light of her golden crown,

and her rays beam clear, whensoever bright Selene

having bathed her lovely body in the waters of

Ocean, and donned her far-gleaming raiment, and

yoked her strong-necked, shining team, drives on

her long-maned horses at full speed, at eventime

in the mid-month: then her great orbit is full and

then her beams shine brightest as she increases.

So she is a sure token and a sign to mortal men.

Once the Son of Cronos was joined with her in

love; and she conceived and bare a daughter Pandia,

exceeding lovely amongst the deathless gods.

Hail, white-armed goddess, bright Selene, mild,

bright-tressed queen ! And now I will leave you and

sing the glories of men half-divine, whose deeds

minstrels, the servants of the Muses, celebrate with

lovely lips.

XXXIII

TO THE DIOSCURI

Bricut-evep Muses, tell of the Tyndaridae, the

Sons of Zeus, glorious children of neat-ankled Leda,

Castor the tamer of horses, and blameless Polydeuces.

When Leda had lain with the dark-clouded Son of

Cronos, she bare them beneath the peak of the

great hill Taygetus,—children who are deliverers of

men on earth and of swift-going ships when stormy

gales rage over the ruthless sea. Then the shipmen

461

THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Kelme plat KATA TOVTOV apeidux ov" of & aro vnay

6UX0/LEV01 KaN€ovaL Atos Kovpous peryadoto |

dpvecow Nevcoiow, em aKpaTnpLa Bavres 10

TpveVHS THY O VE MOS TE peyas Kat kDa OaXaoons

OnKav vToBpu’ yinv: ot & éEarivns éepavncav

ovhar mMTEpvyer or ou aibepos atEavres,

avtixka 6 apyaréwv dvéuwov KaTéTavaoay aédXas,

KUpLaTA © €oTOpEecay AEUKHS GOS év TEAaYETOL, 15

THUATA KANG, TOVOY aTroVvocdLow:! of dé LooVTES

ynOnoav, TavoavTo & ouSupoto TOvoLo.

Xaipere, Tuvdapioas, TAX EOY éemeByropes v tm1@y*

avTap éyov Uuéwrv Te Kal AAANS pYHTOM aoLdTs.

1 Bury: vavtas ohuata xara, wévov opiow, MSS.

462

XXXIII.—TO THE DIOSCURI

call upon the sons of great Zeus with vows of white ——

lambs, going to the forepart of the prow; but the

strong wind and the waves of the sea lay the ship

under water, until suddenly these two are seen darting

through the air on tawny wings. Forthwith they allay

‘ the blasts of the cruel winds and still the waves upon

the surface of the white sea: fair signs are they and

deliverance from toil. And when the shipmen see

them they are glad and have rest from their pain and

Jabour.

Hail, Tyndaridae, riders upon swift horses! Now

I will remember you and another song also.

403

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I

Aibetabe Eevioy KEXP] MEVvOV NOE Sopoto,

ot TOMY aimewnv, Kupny eprom a Koupnys

VAaLeTe, Laponuns TO0oa velaTov iypuxopoto,

apBpoctov tivovtes Udwp Ociov ToTapoto,

74 } , a 10 lA VA UA

Epuov duvyjevtos, dv abavatos téxeto Levs.

II

Aifa mooes pe pépovev és aidovwy Toy avopov-

TOV yap Kal Ovpos Tpodpav Kal wHTLS apiorn.

Til

/ b]

Xarkén trapbévos eipi, Midew & émi onparte

KELMAL'

éoT av Vowp Te van Kat Sévdpea paxpa TEOHAN,

> / edeeuee) \ if A f

NENLOS T AVLOV NaLTTH NaLTTPA TE TEAHVN,

\ / Cs 3 / be @ i

Kal ToTapol ye péwow avakduln 5é Oaracoa,

a a , /

avToU THE “eVOVTAa TOAVKAAUTOV ETL TUMBOU

an “A /

ayyeréwo traptovat, Midns ote THde TEOaTrTAaL.

IV

Oin p’ aion odKe TaTHp Levs KUpya yevéo Oat,

vapTrLoy aidoins ¢ él youvace pT pos aTddhov.

hw wot étupywaay Bourn Aros aiyroyovo

1 Plato, Diogenes, Contest of Homer: pén, pseudo-

Herodotus.

466

HOMER’S EPIGRAMS!?.

I

Have reverence for him who needs a home and

stranger's dole, all ye who dwell in the high city

of Cyme, the lovely maiden, hard by the foothills

of lofty Sardene, ye who drink the heavenly water

of the divine stream, eddying Hermus, whom death-

less Zeus begot.

II

SPEEDILY may my feet bear me to some town of

righteous men; for their hearts are generous and

their wit is best.

III

I am a maiden of bronze and am set upon the

tomb of Midas. While the waters flow and tall trees

flourish, and the sun rises and shines and the bright

moon also; while rivers run and the sea breaks on

the shore, ever remaining on this mournful tomb, I

tell the passer-by that Midas here lies buried.

IV

To what a fate did Zeus the Father give me a prey

even while he made me to grow, a babe at my

mother’s knees! By the will of Zeus who holds the

1 The Epigrams are preserved in the pseudo-Herodotean

Infe of Homer. Nos. III, XIII, and XVII are also found in

the Contest of Homer and Hesiod, and No. I is also extant at

the end of some MSS. of the Homeric Hymns.

467

H H 2

HOMER’S EPIGRAMS

Aaol Dpixwvos, papyev émuBntopes iwrwv,

OmNOTEPOL adEpoto Trupos KpivovTes "Apna, — 5

Alorida Xpvpvnv adiyetTova, TovTOTiVaKTo),

Awe Ov ayAaov eiow dap iepoto MédnTos"

évOev atropvvpevar Kovpat Atos, ayAaa Téxva,

nOererny KAnoaL Stav XOova kal Todw avdpov.

of © atavynvacOny tepnv dra, dhyw aordys, 10

adpacin: tav pév Te TAD @Y TIS PpdoceTat avTLS,

ds ohty dvetdecow Tov éwov OLvenoaTo TOTMOD.

Kipa © éya, THv wot Oeds @rrace yetvopev@ rep,

Tajo opa.t axpdavTa pépov TeThmore Pup: |

oveé TL po ira yea, pévely Lepais év ayurais 15

Kins oppaivoue t, peyas 6€ we Oupos é emrebyet

Ojmov és AANOSaTaYV Lévat, OALyoV Tep éovTa.

=

Occropioyn, Ovntotow avwictev Toréwv Tep,

IQA b) , f id > Vd

ovdév appactotepov TédeTat voov avOpwTracwy.

VI

Krd&, Uocetéaov, peyaroobevés, évvociryare,

> VA 66 re @ an ‘EB an

evpvyopouv wedéwv noe EavOov ‘ENtKovos,

60s 0 ovpov Kadov Kal amnuova vooTov idéc bat

vavTats, ob vnos TrouTrol HO apyol gact — |]

50s & és Ummpetny tWrixpyuvoto Mipaytos 5 ff

aidotwy mw’ éOovta Bpotav ociwy Te Kuphaat,

PaTA TE TLOaipnNY, OS Eudv VOoY NIrEepoTEvaas

3 id an / , if

wdvcato Liva Eénov Eevinv te tpametav.

468

f

EPIGRAMS IV—VI

aegis the people of Phricon, riders on wanton horses,

more active than raging fire in the test of war, once

built the towers of Aeolian Smyrna, wave-shaken

neighbour to the sea, through which glides the

pleasant stream of sacred Meles; thence! arose the

daughters of Zeus, glorious children, and would fain

have made famous that fair country and the city of

its people. But in their folly those men scorned the

ivine voice and renown of song, and in trouble

shall one of them remember this hereafter—he who

with scornful words to them? contrived my fate. Yet

I will endure the lot which heaven gave me even at

my birth, bearing my disappointment with a patient

heart. My dear limbs yearn not to stay in the

sacred streets of Cyme, but rather my great heart

urges me to go unto another country, small though

I am.

V

Tuestoripves, full many things there are that

mortals cannot sound; but there is nothing more

unfathomable than the heart of man.

VI

Hear me, Poseidon, strong shaker of the earth,

ruler of wide-spread, tawny Helicon! Give a fair

wind and sight of safe return to the shipmen who

speed and govern this ship. And grant that when I

come to the nether slopes of towering Mimas I may

find honourable, god-fearing men. Also may I avenge

me on the wretch who deceived me and grieved

Zeus the lord of guests and his own guest-table.

1 sc. from Smyrna, Homer’s reputed birth-place.

2 The councillors of Oyme who refused to support Homer

at the public expense.

469

»

HOMER’S EPIGRAMS

VI

Ilorma CH, mavOwpe, dotepa peridpovos dABov,

WS "dpa, 67) Tots per porav evox Pos éruxOns,

Total € duaB@Xos Kal TPNYEl, ots EYOA@O Ns.

VII

a 7 A 9» if v

Navrat trovtotropo., oTUyEph EvVaALYKLOL ATH

/ bd) / , ie yo

mToKacw ailvinat, Biov dvafnrov exovTes,

’ a J N / € VA

atdetabe Eevioro Atos céBas typupédovTos:

\ N PPBSE WEST) / , i 2. 35 7

dew yap met Oris Eeviov Atos, 6s K aNiTHTAL.

ik

¢€ A 5s a f if

Tpéas, w Eetvor, dvewos AdBev aytios éMav:

5) IESE EN A / WEBS / BA Culcn

GX épe viv déEacbe, Kal 0 TAOOS EToETAL UpiV.

xX

“ANG TIS O€V TEVKY apetvova, KapTrov inow

"ldns év Kopuphar TOUT TUX OV NVEMOET ONS,

eva atdnpos ‘Apnos emtxGoviowws Bporotow

éooeTal, evT av pv KeSpnvior avopes €ywor.

XI

Oe , 4 / > as

ETLOTTA, ETOS TL TOL EV HpEct

TAavcec, Botav

Onow:

TPGTOV pev Kvol Seirrvov é em abheinat Odpyar

Oovvat: TOS yap apelvov: 0 1p Kab T @TOV QKOVEL

avépos émepyomevou Kai és Epxea Onpos tovTos.

1 Restored to metrical form by Barnes.

2 Kuester : mémov, Bporayv, MSS.

470

EPIGRAMS VII—xI

VII

QueEN Earth, all bounteous giver of honey-hearted

wealth, how kindly, it seems, you are to some, and

how intractable and rough for those with whom you

are angry. |

VIII

Saitors, who rove the seas and whom a hateful

fate has made as the shy sea-fowl, living an unenviable

_ life, observe the reverence due to Zeus who rules on

high, the god of strangers; for terrible is the ven-

geance of this god afterwards for whosoever has

sinned.

IX

STRANGERS, a contrary wind has caught you: but

even now take me aboard and you shall. make your

voyage.

X

ANOTHER sort of pine shall bear a better fruit! than

you upon the heights of furrowed, windy Ida. For

there shall mortal men get the iron that Ares loves,

so soon as the Cebrenians shall hold the land.

XI

G.iaucus, watchman of flocks, a word will I put in

your heart. First give the dogs their dinner at the

courtyard gate, for this is well. The dog first hears

a man approaching and the wild-beast coming to

the fence.

1 The ‘‘ better fruit” is apparently the iron smelted out in

fires of pine-wood,

47%

HOMER’S EPIGRAMS

XII

KA 06: joev EUXOMEVOU, Kouporpode, Sos € yuvaina

TVOE véwv pev avaiverOat prdoryTa. Kal evvHY:

i) S emitepréabo TONMOKPOT AOL L yépovaln,

av apn wev aTHUBAVYTAL, Duos Oé pwevouwa.

XIII

"Avopos pev aT epavos maides, mUpyot 88 médn0s,

imrot & av mediou KOT 1108, viajes CY: Jaracons,

Xpnpara & av&er oiKov, aTap yepapol Baoinies

MILEVOL ELV AYOPH KOT MOS Aaoiow * opac bau:

aiBopevov dé TUpOS Yepaporepos oikos twoécOat 5

MATL YEermepi@, oTTOT av vidyot Kpoviav.

XIV :

Ee pey. OMOETE poop a aeiow, @ KEepaunes.

debp ary’, ‘AOnvain Kab vmrepaxele xelpa KApiVOV.

ev O€ mepavOeien * KOTUNOL Kab T AV OL KAVATT Pa

ppuxOfvat TE KaNOS Kab TULAS @VOV aper bau,

TONAG [Lev ELV aryopn TONEVHEVA, TONNG ayuiais, 5

TON € KEponvar, nuiv € On, WS obi aEtoas.

ny O en avasdeiny T ped Oevres wevde adponobe,

TUYKANEW on é ETELTA KALLVOV On ANT hpas,

aay o“as Yudpayov te Kat “AaBetov 7Hdé

LaBdurnvy

"‘Omosapov 7’, Os THdE TEX KAKO moat tropitou 10

mép0e rupaiboucay Kal Oomara, ouv O€ KA LLVOS

Taca KuKyOEin KEepapéov méeya K@KUVCAaYTOD.

ws yvabos imtein BpvKes, Bpveor dé Kdpuvos,

' Ruhnken: 7’ &ddAoowv, Sources : The Contest of Homer adds

the verse:

Aads 8 eiv ayopjot Kadnuevos eivopaagbat,

7 Pollux: pwedavOorev, peravdciev, Life of Homer.

472

EPIGRAMS XII—XIV

XII

Goppess-Nurse of the young,! give ear to my

prayer, and grant that this woman may reject the

love-embrace of youth and dote on grey-haired old

men whose powers are dulled, but whose hearts still

desire.

XIII

CHILDREN are a man’s crown, towers of a city;

horses are the glory of a plain, and so are ships of

the sea; wealth will make a house great, and

reverend princes seated in assembly are a goodly

sight for the folk to see. But a blazing fire makes a

house look more comely upon a winter's day, when

the Son of Cronos sends down snow.

XIV

Potters, if you will give me a reward, I will sing

for you. Come, then, Athena, with hand upraised ?

over the kiln. Let the pots and all the dishes turn

out well and be well fired: let them fetch good prices

and be sold in plenty in the market, and plenty in

the streets. Grant that the potters may get great -

gain and grant me so to sing to them. But if

you turn shameless and make false promises, then I

call together the destroyers of kilns, Shatter and

Smash and Charr and Crash and Crudebake who can

work this craft much mischief. Come all of you and

sack the kiln-yard and the buildings: let the whole

kiln be shaken up to the potter's loud lament.

As a horse’s jaw grinds, so let the kiln grind to

1 Hecate: cp. Hesiod, T’heogony, 450,

2 7,e, in protection,

473

HOMER’S EPIGRAMS

/ > ’ XA J \ a

TavtT évtoo? avTns Kepaynia AeTTAa TOLOVGA. |

Sedpo Kal “Heriov Otyatep, twodkuddppake Kipxn, 15°

4 f f / a ae / ey |

aypia dappaka Bddre, Kdkov © avTovs TE Kal Epya.

} a oe > x / b) , / K 4,

evpo o€ Kal Xeipwv ayét@ Trodeas Kevtavpous,

sp? ¢ a a / / 9i 3 ,

ot? “Hpakrhos yvetpas duyov ott atroXovTo,

TUTTOLEV TAOE Epya KAKWS, TiTTOL SE KA{LVOS

og Nu? 121d, ey cn, My ys |

avTol & olu“@lCovTEs Op@aTo Epa TroVnpda. 20 fi

ynOnow © opdav aitav Kaxodaipova TEXVNV’ |

a /

Os 6€ yx” UrrepKi yn, TUpL TOUTOU TaV TO TPOTwTFOV

/

prexGein, os TavTes éTrigT@OVT aiotwa péCeLv.

XV

A@pua mpoceTpaTroperO avdpos pméya Suvvapévoto,

A / x ov VA be UL case 2 aa

Os péeya peyv Ovvatat, péya Oé Tpérret } GXPBx0¢ aiet.

avtat dvaxriverbe Ovpat’ UnodTo0s yap éoeot

moAAos, adv IINovT@ 6é Kat Kigpoctvn teAarvia

Kipyvn + aya0n doa 0 adyyea, weoTa pev ebn, 5

VA 3 aN \ If vA n

KupBain & atel Kata KapOorrov éprot pata.

pov pev KpiOainv, ev@miba, cnoapoecoav

x x x x

Tod masdos dé yur Kata Sippada Bnoetar Duper’

e Uy : > + , bY / n

nptovoe © a&ovat KpaTatmoces és TOOE OMA"

avTy & iorov tdaivos én’ nréxTp@ BeBavia. 10 9

Netpat Tot, vedwar éviavovos, WoTE KEALO@V

éotnk év mpodvpos Widn Todas: GANA hép aivva

/ a? / /

tirépoat TO AmroAXN@VOS yuraTLdos.+

1 Tlgen: Bpewer, MSS.

474

A

Ek ee er ee ee

Ny SSE TOPE 2 CEI, Olay ara

> y

EPIGRAMS XIV—XV

powder all the pots inside. And you, too, daughter

of the Sun, Circe the witch, come and cast cruel

spells; hurt both these men and their handiwork.

Let Chiron also come and bring many Centaurs—all

that escaped the hands of Heracles and all that were

destroyed: let them make sad havoc of the pots and

overthrow the kiln, and let the potters see the

mischief and be grieved; but I will gloat as I behold

their luckless craft. And if anyone of them stoops

to peer in, let all his face be burned up, that all men

~ may learn to deal honestly.

XV!

Let us betake us to the house of some man of great

power,—one who bears great power and is greatly

prosperous always. Open of yourselves, you doors, for

mighty Wealth will enter in, and with Wealth comes

jolly Mirth and gentle Peace. May all the corn-bins

be full and the mass of dough always overflow the

kneading-trough. Now (set before us) cheerful

barley- -pottage, full of sesame . .

Your son’s wife, driving to this house with strong-

hoofed mules, dhiall dismount from her carriage to

greet you ; may she be shod with golden shoes as she

stands weaving at the loom.

I come, and I come yearly, like the swallow that

perches light-footed in the fore-part of your house.

But quickly bring .

1 This song is called aS pseudo-Herodotus Eipyoidyn.

The word properly indicates a garland wound with wool

which was worn at harvest-festivals, but came to be applied

first to the harvest song and then to any begging song. The

present is akin to the Swallow-Song (XeAdévioua), sung at

_ the beginning of spring, and answering to the still surviving

English May-Day songs. Cp. Athenaeus, viii. 360 B.

475

’

HOMER’S EPIGRAMS

XVI

Ki pév te S@oeus: et O€ pH, OVX éEoTHEOper:

ov yap cuvotxnoortes év0ad AAOopeEv.

XVII

OMHPOS

"Avédpes aypns adins! Onpytopes, 7 p’ EXOMED TH;

AAIEIS

“Ooo édopev, AuTrOperO boa 8 ovKX Edoper,

pepopmer Oa.

OMHPOS

Totov yap tatépwv €& aiuatos éxyeyaacbe,

b) 9 A

ovte BabvKAnpwv oVT ATTETA MAA VEMOVTOD.

1 Koechly: daa ’Apxadins, MSS.

476

EPIGRAMS XVI—XVII

| , XVI

Ir you will give us anything (well). But if not, we

will not wait, for we are not come here to dwell

with you.

XVII

HOMER

Hunters of deep sea prey, have we caught

anything ?

FISHERMEN

All that we caught we left behind, and all that we

did not catch we carry home.!

HOMER

_ Ay, for of such fathers you are sprung as neither

hold rich lands nor tend countless sheep.

1 The lice which they caught in their clothes they left

behind, but carried home in their clothes those which they

could not catch.

ATT

FRAGMENTS OF _

THE EPIC CYCLE

ETIKOY KYKAOY AEIVANA

TITANOMAXIA

i

Photius, Epitome of the Chrestomathy of Proclus.

vApxerat peev (0 émikds KUKXNOS) eK THS Ovpavod

Kal Ths prdoroyouperns pEews, ef 5 avT@® Kal

Tpets Tatoas EkaTOVTaYXELpas Kal TPpEts ce age

KvcrorTras.

2.

Anecdota Oxon. (Cramer) i. 75. Aiépos &’ vies

Odpavos, as 0 THY Titavopaytay ypdaras.

Ds

Schol. on Ap. Rhod. i. 1165. Eitjpnros.... Tov

Atyatova js cai Uovtov dyot maida, Kartor-

Koovta O€ év TH Pardooyn Tots Titdot cuppayeiv.

A,

Athenaeus, vii. 277 D. oO THY Teravopaxtay

Toimoas elt Ktunros éotw o KopivOcos 77

) a > n °

STS .. €v TO SevTép@ OUTS ElpNnKeED: |

ev S auth ee Xpus@moes tyOves EXdOL

VAX OVTES matfovat ou VdaTos auPBpoctoto.

5.

Athenaeus, i. 22 c. Etyunros ... tov Ala

OpYovpmEevov Trov Traparyer AEyov"

peocotow & opxelto TaTip avopav Te Bewy Te.

480

Prreokh PIC CYCLE

THE WAR OF THE TITANS

Earner

Tue Epic Cycle begins with the fabled union of

Heaven and Earth, by which they make three

hundred-handed sons and three Cyclopes to be born

to him.

2.

According to the writer of the War of the Titans

Heaven was the son of Aether.

3.

Eumelus says that Aegaeon was the son of Earth

and Sea and, having his dwelling in the sea, was an

ally of the Titans.

4.

The poet of the War of the Titans, whether

Eumelus of Corinth or Arctinus, writes thus in his

second book: “Upon the shield were dumb fish

afloat, with golden faces, swimming and sporting

through the heavenly water.”

5.

Kumelus somewhere introduces Zeus dancing: he

_says— In the midst of them danced the Father of

‘men and gods.”’

= 481

THE EPIC CYCLE

| 6.

Schol. on Ap. Rhod. i. 554. o Oé€ THY Tiyarto-

poaxiay Tonoas prow OTL Kpovos perapoppobeis

els immov Emiryn Prvpg Th ‘Oxeavod, dtomep Kal

immoxévtaupos éyevvnbn o Xetpwv: tovtov dé yuv7

Xapexro.

7.

Athenaeus, xi. 470 B. @eoruTos .. . el NEBNTOs .

dynow avrov SiatrAEDaaL, TOUTO TPWTOV ElTOVTOS

Tov THY TiTavopaxiay ToLnoarTos.

8. |

Philodemus, On Piety. o d€ thv Titavopayiayr,

TA pev pHra huraTTEW ...

‘OIATIIOAEIA

E,

CL.G. Ital. e¢ Sic. 1292.31.11. ... tHv Oidsz0-

detav THY UTO KwaiPwvos Tov... ém@v ovaaY cy.

| 2.

Paus. ix. 5. 10. Traldas dé é& aurhs ( loxdorns)

ov O0K@ OL yevécOaL poaprupe ‘Opijpe* Xpepevos

ee Evpuyavecas bé THS ‘Trréppavtos éryeyove-

cav: dnrol bé Kal o Ta én troinoas & OidiTrodia

ovowalovot.

3 3.

Schol. on Eur. Phoen. 1750. ot tyv Oidstrodiay —

‘ypacpovres . + « Wepl THY >puyyos

GN’ &tt KaAXNLGTOV TE Kat ipepoeotarov aNN@v

Taioa pirov Kpetovtos auvmovos Aipmova dior .

1 Odyssey, xii. 271-4.

482

4 B a Pe Fe 2 el ee

ESR WRISTS es EN OE

THE STORY OF OEDIPUS

6.

The author of the War of the Giants says that

Cronos took the shape of a horse and lay with

Philyra, the daughter Ocean. Through this cause

Cheiron was born a centaur: his wife was Chariclo.

is

Theolytus says that he (Heracles) sailed across the

sea in a cauldron!; but the first to give this ee is

the author of the War of the Titans.

8.

The author of the War of the Titans ee that the

apples (of the Hesperides) were guarded .

THE STORY OF OEDIPUS

1.

. the Story of Oedipus by Cinaethon in six

thousand six hundred verses.

)

Judging by Homer I do not believe that Oedipus

had children by Iocasta: his sons were born of

Euryganeia as the writer of the Epic called the Story

of Oedipus clearly shows.

3.

The authors of the Story of Oedipus (say) of the

Sphinx: “ But furthermore (she killed) noble Haemon,

the dear son of blameless. Creon, the comeliest and

loveliest of boys.”

1 See the cylix reproduced by Gerhard, Abhandlungen,

taf. 5,4. Cp. Stesichorus, Frag. 3 (Smyth).

3 433

1 Meee

THE EPIC CYCLE

@HBAIS

i

Contest of Homer and Hesiod. o O€ “Opmpos ae

TE PLEPX.O[LEVOS enreye TO TOL MAT a, TPQ@TOV [eV

tiv OnBatda, ern f, Is ) apxXn

"Apryos detde Jed Trodvoiyriov evOev avaktes.

e yas

Athenaeus, xi, 465 E.

avr ap 0 Ovoryevs HPS EavOos [loXvvetxns

T para pev Otdirrodn Karn mapeOnce Tpamelav

apyupenv Kadpoto Jeod povos: avTap émelTa

Xpuceov eum joey KaNOV demas NO€OS oivou.

avr dip by os dpacdn TapaKelpeva TAT pos €oto

TLLNEVTA Epa, peya ob KAKOV cu ETE Guu.

ainpa 6€ Tratoly éoloe peT apcporé pore Ww emrapas

dapyahéas n)paTo- Geav & ov NavOdy épivobv.

@S ov Ot TAT pol év nOein perornte

Sdccawr’, auddotepotot & del médepot Te paxat

WE ae

as fe

Schol. Laur. on Soph. O0.C. 1375.

iaxtov @S EVONTE Napa Bdre eiré Te wv0ov-

@LOL ey@, Trades eV OVELOELOVTES ETELALAY

* * * %

evkTo Aul Baocidht Kal adrots aBavatoiot

yYepol vm adAnKov KkaTaBnuevar” Aidos eicw.

4,

Paus. viii. 25.8. “Adpactos épeuvyev ex OnBav

/ \ / Ave / /

eluata AUYpa hepwv cvv Apelove KvavoyaiTy.

434

THE THEBAID

THE THEBAID

1.

Homer travelled about reciting his epics, first the

Thebaid, in seven thousand verses, which begins:

«< Sing, goddess, of parched Argos, whence lords.. ”

2.

“Then the heaven-born hero, golden-haired Poly-

neices, first set beside Oedipus a rich table of silver

which once belonged to Cadmus the divinely wise:

next he filled a fine golden cup with sweet wine.

But when Oedipus perceived these treasures of his

father, great misery fell on his heart, and he straight-

way called down bitter curses there in the presence

of both his sons. And the avenging Fury of the

gods failed not to hear him as he prayed that they

might never divide their father’s goods in loving

brotherhood, but that war and fighting might be ever

the portion of them both.”

« And when Oedipus noticed the haunch! he threw

it on the ground and said: ‘Oh! Oh! my sons have

sent this mocking me...’ So he prayed to Zeus

the king and the other deathless gods that each might

fall by his brother’s hand and go down into the house

of Hades.”

4.

Adrastus fled from Thebes “wearing miserable

garments, and took black-maned Areion? with him.”’

! The haunch was regarded as a dishonourable portion.

2 The horse of Adrastus, offspring of Poseidon and

Demeter, who had changed herself into a mare to escape

Poseidon,

485

THE EPIC CYCLE

51

émta © émetta TedeoOévTwv vexvov évt OnBn,

ol wo Eev Taraiovtdns per éeumreé Te pd0ov:

@ [LOL eyo Trodéw yap éL00 oTparoo dupa daetvor,

appotepov pave 7 ayabov Kat doupt paxecOa.

6.

Apollodorus, i. 74. éynpev Otvevs TepiBorav

Tv ‘Immovoov. tavrTny oé o pev ypdrbas TIV

@nBaida troreunbeions ‘Odévou RAéyet RAaPetv

Oivéa yépas.

fe

Pausanias, ixy 18, 6. Tpos O€ TH mya Taos

éotly Ao godixou' Kal 0 ‘Aa podscos OUTOS QTEK TEL-

vev ey TH Maxn TH mpos “Apyetous LlapGevorraiov

Tov TaXaov Kaba 06 OnBator éyouow, érel TA Ye

éy OnBaics én ta és tHV LapOevotraiov TeNevTHV

TlepexAvpevov tov averovTa dyoty eivas.

EIITONO!I

1.

‘Contest of Homer and Hesiod. etta ‘Euryovous,

emn cus 7 apxn

vov av0 omroTépwv avdpav apxopela Modoar.

2.

Photius, Lexicon. Tevynota: wept ths Tevynotas

GNOTrEKOS Of TA OnBaixa yeypadyKotes ixavas

1 Restored from Pindar Ol. vi. 15 who, according to

Asclepiades, derives the passage from the 7'hebais,

486

THE EPIGONI

D.

“ But when the seven dead had received their last

rites in Thebes, the Son of Talaus lamented and

spoke thus among them: ‘ Woe is me, for I miss the

bright eye of my host, a good seer and a stout

spearman alike.’ ”’

6.

Oeneus married Periboea the daughter of

Hipponoiis. The author of the Thebais says that

when Olenus had been stormed, Oeneus received her

as a prize.

7.

Near the spring is the tomb of Asphodicus. This

Asphodicus killed Parthenopaeus the son of Talaus

in the battle against the Argives, as the Thebans say ;

though that part of the Thebats which tells of the

death of Parthenopaeus says that it was Periclymenus

who killed him.

THE EPIGONI

ie

Next (Homer composed) the Epigont in seven

thousand verses, beginning, “ And now, Muses, let us

begin to sing of younger men.”

2.

Teumesia. Those who have written on Theban

affairs have given a full account of the Teumesian fox.!

1 So called from Teumessus, a hill in Boeotia. For the

derivation of Teumessus cp. Antimachus Thebais fr. 3

(Kinkel).

487

THE EPIC CYCLE)

ioTopynKacl... émiTewhOhvar pev yap vo Oeay

TO Onplov TovTo Tots Kadpetous: 610 THS Bacwdelas

é&é€xNELOV TOUS amr 0 Kaopov yeyovoras. Kedarov

O€ pact TOV Aniovos “A@nvaiov bvta Kal Kova

KEKTN JLEVOV Ov ovoev Suepevyev TOV Onpiov, @S

am éx TELVEV aKca@v THD éavtod yuvatka I1poxpuv,

KabnpavTov avr ov TOV Kadépetov, diumnewy THY

ahomenka pera TOD KUVOS: KaTradaBopwevous dé mepl

tov Tevynaocov diPouvs yevécPas Tov Te KYVa Kal

THV adoTreKa, elAnphact O ovTOL TOY mUOOV ex TOU

€TLKOU KUKAOD.

3. |

Schol. on Ap. Rhod. i. 308. ol O€ THD OnBaida

yeypaores hac Ott bro Tav “Eniyovev ak po-

Oiviov avetéOy Marto y Teupectov Guyatnp Eis

Aerovs treupOeioa, kal Kata XpNg Lov "Amoa-

Awvos efepxouern TEPLETL ETE Panic TO AeBntos

Vi@ Mvenvaig TO YévOS. Kal ynuameVvyn avTo—

TOUTO Yap TEpletye TO Noyiov, yapeioOar @ ay

oVvaVTnTn— [xai] éA@ovaa eis Kohopava Kab

éexet OvoOupnoaca eddKpvce La THY THS TATPLOOS

TopOnow.

KTIIPIA

1:

Proclus, Chrestomathy, i. “EmiuBaddes tovtois Ta

Neyoueva Kumpira ev BiBrto1s dhepopeva evoexa.

1... TH O€ TEPLEXOVTA €oTL TAUTA.

Zevs Bovneverar [eT a. THS O€ju60s mepl TOD

Tpwixod Trohepwou" maparyevouevn 6é° ‘Epis ev@xov-

péevov tov Oewv ev tots IInXéws yapors, vetKos

488

THE CYPRIA

They relate that the creature was sent by the gods

to punish the descendants of Cadmus, and that the

Thebans therefore excluded those of the house of

Cadmus from the kingship. But (they say) a certain

Cephalus, the son of Deion, an Athenian, who owned

a hound which no beast ever escaped, had accidentally

killed his wife Procris, and being purified of the homi-

cide by the Cadmeans, hunted the fox with his hound,

and when they had overtaken it both hound and fox

were turned into stones near Teumessus. These

writers have taken the story from the Epic Cycle.

3.

The authors of the Thebais say that Manto the

daughter of Teiresias was sent to Delphi by the

Epigoni as a first fruit of their spoil, and that in

accordance with an oracle of Apollo she went out and

met Rhacius, the son of Lebes, a Mycenaean by race.

This man she married—for the oracle also contained

the command that she should marry whomsoever she

might meet—and coming to Colophon, was there

much cast down and wept over the destruction of her

country.

THE CYPRIA

iL;

Tuts! is continued by the epic called Cypria which

is current in eleven books. Its contents are as

follows.

Zeus plans with Themis to bring about the Trojan

war. Strife arrives while the gods are feasting at

the marriage of Peleus and starts a dispute between

1 The preceding part of the Epic Cycle (?).

489

THE EPIC CYCLE

mepl Kddrous evio THO W ‘AOnva,” Ape Kal Ag po-

OiTyN, at _T POS. ‘AreFavdpov ev "Sn Kara Auos

TpoaTayny og “Eppod T pos THV Kplow dyouTa

Kab T POK piveL THY "Adpoditny émaplets Tots

“Erevs yapous "AreEavdpos.

“Erevra 6, "Agpodirns. uToOepevns, vauTrnyet-

TAL, Kab "Enevos TeEpb TOV HedOvT ov avT@ 7 po-

Jeomiter. al “Ad poditn Aivetay oupmdeiD aAvT@

KerNevEL. Kal Kaocavopa TEepl TOV weNdovrov

™poonrot. emiBas dé TH Naxedarpovig ‘AAEEavd pos

Eevilerar Tapa TOUS. Tuvdapidaus, Kal [ETO AUTO

€v TH mapry Tapa Mevehag: kat Enévn rapa

THD evaxiav dtowat Sapa o O "AnéEavSpos.

Kai pera Tavuta I Mevenaos els Kpyrny EKTT NEL,

Kenevoas THY “Enevny Tois Eévous Ta emit nOeLaL

mapexer és dy am arhayaow. éy tovuT@ Ooé

“A gdpodirn cuvayel THY ‘EXévnv TO *AneEdv Spo.

Kal peTa THY prov TH TACLTTA KTH MLOT O. év0e-

[EVOL, VUKTOS atoTéovet. xeruava oe avrois

epiornaty "Hoa. Ka mpocevex Gels YLo@vt oO

‘AX€Eavdpos aipet THY TOMY. KAL aTrOTTAEVTAS

ets “T\cov yapous Ths “Enrévns em eTENETED.

Ev TOUT dé Kadotwp pera TlorvdevKovs Tas

"Téa kat Avyxéas Bois Uparpovpevot epopdbncay,

Kal Kdorwp peev vIr0 TOU Ida avatpetrar,

Avyxevs 6é€ kat "Idas tro TlodudevKous: Kal

ZLevs avrois ET EPI MEPOV veel THY aavactap.

Kai pera TAUTA *Tpus avaryyenet TO Meveraw

TO yeyovora Kara TOV OlKOV. 0 O€ Ta paryevopevos

mepl THS ew “Dusov oTpareias Bovreverat (Mera

TOU Bap pe: kat mpos Néotopa mdparyiverar

490

THE CYPRIA

Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite as to which of them is

fairest. The three are led by Hermes at the command

of Zeus to Alexandrus ! on Mount Ida for his decision,

and Alexandrus, lured by his promised marriage with

Helen, decides in favour of Aphrodite. _

Then Alexandrus builds his ships at Aphrodite's

suggestion, and Helenus foretells the future to him,

and Aphrodite orders Aeneas to sail with him, while

Cassandra prophesies as to what will happen after-

wards. Alexandrus next lands in Lacedaemon and is

entertained by the sons of Tyndareus, and afterwards

by Menelaus in Sparta, where in the course of a feast

he gives gifts to Helen.

After this, Menelaus sets sail for Crete, ordering

Helen to furnish the guests with all they require

until they depart. Meanwhile, Aphrodite brings

Helen and Alexandrus together, and they, after their

union, put very great treasures on board and sail

away by night. Hera stirs up a storm against them

and they are carried to Sidon, where Alexandrus

takes the city. From there he sailed to Troy and

celebrated his marriage with Helen.

In the meantime Castor and Polydeuces, while

stealing the cattle of Idas and Lynceus, were caught

in the act, and Castor was killed by Idas, and Lyn-

ceus and Idas by Polydeuces. Zeus gave them im-

mortality every other day.

Iris next informs Menelaus of what has happened

at his home. Menelaus returns and plans an exped-

ition against Ilium with his brother, and then goes on

/ 1 sc. Paris.

« ; 491

THE EPIC CYCLE

Mevéraos. Néotwp dé év trapexBacet dunyetrar

b) la) e 9 \ , \ , /

avT@ ws ‘Exrwmevs bbeipas tnv AvKov Ovyatépa

3 / \ x \ IQ/ rn u

éEerrop0n0n, Kat ta Tept Otvdimovy Kat THY

¢ VA / \ \ \ f \

Hpakvdéous paviav Kat ta rept Onoéa kai

b] / 4 \ £. / b) /

Apidéyvnv. erecta tovs nyenovas aPpotfovar

émeNOovtes THv “EXAdSa. Kal paiverBar tpoc-

HA \ 2 J 54. DR an \ UA

Tomoduevov Tov Odvaocéa eri TO pon Oédew

, b / 7% ig

avoTtpatevecOas ébwpacayv, Iarapndous vro-

Oeuévou tov viov Tnréuayov éml Kodacw é&apta-

CaVTEs.

Kal pera tabta, cuvenb ores els AvAiOa

Ovovet Kat Ta, Tepl TOV Spaxovra Kab TOUS

at povbovs YEVOMEVA OLKVUTAL, Kal Kadyas mept

TOV aTroBnoouevav TpOrEYEL AUTOLS. emrelTa. ava-

yOévtes Tevdpavia T porta xXouct Kal TAUTHVY OS

"TXtov em opOovr. THrepos dé exBonOnoas

Bcpoavdpor te tov IloAvvelxous KTeiver Kal

avTos UO “AXUNAES TIT p@o KET AL. aTOTAEOVTE

dé avtots éx ths Muctas yemov ériminres Kal

vacKedayvevrat. "Ayerrevs 6€ LKUp@ TpoTacyVov

yapet THY Aveopnoous Ouyartépa Anidapeay.

emreLTa Trepov KATO pavrelay T aparyevowevov

Els "Apyos. Lara "AYlAXNEUS OS AYE MOVva, ryevna 0-

jvevov TOU ém “IXtov trod.

Kal ro devTEpoV HO pote wevou TOU oTONOU év

Avnrioz, Ayapéuvov éml Onpas Barev Eragon,

vmepBadnew epnoe Kal THY "A prepey. pavicaca

Oe ue Oeos éréayey avtovs Tov TOD Xermavas

emUT EMT OUTA. Kadyavrtos 6€ elovTOS TIP TIS

Oeov pnviv Kat ‘Tpuyevevar KeheUTAVTOS Ovew TH

"Apréutds, @s él ydwov avtny “Axidnret peta-

492.

‘THE CYPRIA

to Nestor. Nestor in a digression tells him how

-Epopeus was utterly destroyed after seducing the

daughter of Lycus, and the story of Oedipus, the

madness of Heracles, and the story of Theseus and

Ariadne. Then they travel over Hellas and gather

the leaders, detecting Odysseus when he pretends to

be mad, not wishing to join the expedition, by seiz-

ing his son Telemachus for punishment at the

suggestion of Palamedes.

All the leaders then meet together at Aulis and

sacrifice. ‘The incident of the serpent and the spar-

rows ! takes place before them, and Calchas foretells

what is going to befall. After this, they put out to

sea, and reach Teuthrania and sack it, taking it for

Ilium. Telephus comes out to the rescue and kills

Thersander the son of Polyneices, and is himself

wounded by Achilles. As they put out from Mysia

a storm comes on them and scatters them, and

Achilles first puts in at Scyros and marries. Deida-

-meia, the daughter of Lycomedes, and then heals

Telephus, who had been led by an oracle to go

to Argos, so that he might be their guide on the

voyage to Ilium.

When the expedition had mustered a second time

at Aulis, Agamemnon, while at the chase, shot a stag

and boasted that he surpassed even Artemis. At

this the goddess was so angry that she sent stormy

winds and prevented them from sailing. Calchas

then told them of the anger of the goddess and bade

them sacrifice Iphigeneia to Artemis. This they

attempt to do, sending to fetch Iphigeneia as though

1 While the Greeks were sacrificing at Aulis, a serpent

appeared and devoured eight young birds from their nest

and lastly the mother of the brood. This was interpreted

by Calchas to mean that the war would swallow up nine full

years. Cp. Iliad ii, 299 ff.

4°03

THE EPIC CYCLE

Ter apevol, Oveuv emexerpodow. “Aprepus be

avTny éfapmacaca, Els Tadpous peraxopiter Kab

aSdvatov mou: éxadov bé avTi THs KOopNS

TaploTnal TO Bop.

"Evrevta Katamdéovew eis Tévedov. Kai

evayouuevoay avtav Piroxtytyns vd wdpov

TANYELS dua TY dvooopiay év Anu KaTEncipOn,

Kab “AXuAREvs DoTEpov KrAnOets, Suapéperar ™ pos

Ayapepvova. EM ELTE amoBatvovtas AUTOUS €ts

"TAcov elpyovow OL Tipaes, kab OvnoKer Ipa-

Tea thaos Up i Extopos. emelTa, "A yiddeds avTous

TpeTeT aL dvehoy Kux«vov tov Uoceddvos. al

TOUS vexpous avapoovTar, Kal Ova peo Bevovt au

T™ pos tovs Tpaas, THY “‘Enevny Kal Ta XpnwaTa

atattouvTes. @s oe ovx, vmKOUT AY exetVvol,

évtav0a on TELXOMAX OTOL. eTELT A: THD Xo pay

éme£ehOovres mopOovar Kal TAS TEpLolKous TONELS.

Kab pera TAvTA “AXirdevs “Enevny émiOuped

Jedoacbat, Kal ov nyayov avTous els TO AUTO

“Ag poditn Kat @Oé€tis. etta amovoa Tet @ppn-

pevous TOUS “AyaLovs “Ayedrevs KaTEX EL. KAT ELTA.

QTENAUVEL TAS Aivetou Poas, KOb _Avpyngop Kab

Ijdacov mopet Kal ovxvas TOY TEpLorKiO@y

Todewv, Kab Tpwidov povever. Avxdova Te

Taz poxnos Els Ajuvov arya @v ATEMTONG, aut

éx TOV hapvpwv “Ayxtdhdevs fev Boonida yepas

AauBaver, Xpvonioa dé Ayapéuvov. émerta éote

Iarapynéous Javaros, kat Atos Bounds omas

éemtxoupion TOUS Tpaas ‘AXINA_A THS Tuppaxias

TIS “HAANVLK|S aT OaTHT AS, Kal KaTadoyos TOV

tots Tpwot cvppaynoavTwy.

494

THE CYPRIA

for marriage with Achilles. Artemis, however,

snatched her away and transported her to the Tauri,

making her immortal, and putting a stag in place of

the girl upon the altar.

Next they sail as far as Tenedos : and while they are

feasting, Philoctetes is bitten by a snake and is left

behind in Lemnos because of the stench of his sore.

Here, too, Achilles quarrels with Agamemnon because

he is invited late. Then the Greeks tried to land at

Ilium, but the Trojans prevent them, and Protesilaus

is killed by Hector. Achilles then kills Cycnus, the

son of Poseidon, and drives the Trojans back. The

Greeks take up their dead and send envoys to the

Trojans demanding the surrender of Helen and the

treasure with her. The Trojans refusing, they first

assault the city, and then go out and lay waste the

country and cities round about. After this, Achilles

desires to see Helen, and Aphrodite and Thetis

contrive a meeting between them. The Achaeans

next desire to return home, but are restrained by

Achilles, who afterwards drives off the cattle of:

Aeneas, and sacks Lyrnessus and Pedasus and many

of the neighbouring cities, and kills Troilus. Patro-

clus carries away Lycaon to Lemnos and sells him

as a slave, and out of the spoils Achilles receives

Briseis as a prize, and Agamemnon Chryseis. Then

follows the death of Palamedes, the plan of Zeus

to relieve the Trojans by detaching Achilles from

the Hellenic confederacy, and a catalogue of the

Trojan allies.

495

THE EPIC CYCLE

| De

Tzetzes, Chil. xiii. 638.

LTacivos o 0 Ta Kumpea ouyy paLwara ToLujoas

cimrep Ol TAELOUS Néyouer. ‘Opnpov TEPUKEVAL

és mpotka b¢ adv Ypnuace SoOHvat TO Yracivo.

3.

Schol. on Homer, Il. i. 5.

Hv OTe pupia hodrAa Kata YOova TrAACOMEvwV TEP

[avOparrav éBapuve] Badvorepvov TNATOS ains,

Levs O€ iOav érénoe cal év TuKwais mpamiverc

cuvOero Koupioat avOpomov TapBoropa yatav,

putiooas TohEmov peyarny ep ‘TMvaxoto

ob pa KEVOOELEY davatou Bapos: ot & évi Tpoin

npwes KTetvovto: Atos & éteXeieto Bourn.

4,

Volumina Herculan. 11. viii. 108. o 0€ Ta Kurpia

Tooas “Hpa Xapecomernv hevyey avTov Tov

yapov, Alia S& oudocat yorw0évta S1dTe OvnTe

TVVOLKLCEL.

D.

Schol. on Il. xvii, 140. KaTa yap TOV IIr€ws

KaL Bersdos yapov ot Oeot cuvaxOévtes eis TO

Ij Avov er eva 16 pu Cov TI nXe7t capa, Xelpeov

o€ pedav evdanh TEU@V els OOPU mapea Kev. pact

pev “AOnvay Eéo au avTo, ‘ Haro rov dé KaTa-

oKevdoat ... toTopia Tapa T@® Ta Kurpia

TOLNCAVTL.

6.

Athenaeus, xv. 682 D, F. avOav b6€ ctepavwTiKav

péuvntar o pwev Ta Kimpia wetoinxcas ‘Hynotas 1)

496

THE CYPRIA

2.

Stasinus composed the Cypria which the more

part say was Homer's work and by him given to

Stasinus as a dowry with money besides.

J.

«There was a time when the countless tribes of

men, though wide-dispersed, oppressed the surface

of the deep-bosomed earth, and Zeus saw it and had

pity and in his wise heart resolved to relieve the all-

nurturing earth of men by causing the great

struggle of the [lian war, that the load of death

might empty the world. And so the heroes were

slain in Troy, and the plan of Zeus came to pass.”

4,

The author of the Cypria says that Thetis, to

please Hera, avoided union with Zeus, at which he

was enraged and swore that she should be the wife

of a mortal.

D.

For at the marriage of Peleus and Thetis, the

gods gathered together on Pelion to feast and

brought Peleus gifts. Cheiron gave him a stout

ashen shaft which he had cut for a spear, and

Athena, it is said, polished it, and Hephaestus fitted

it with a head. The story is given by the author of

the Cypria.

6.

The author of the Cypria, whether Hegesias or .

Stasinus, mentions flowers used for garlands. The

497

K K

THE EPIC CYCLE

A / b) oO v4 b) \ c /

2 Tacivos Me - Never 6 OUV OOTLS EOTLY O TOLHOAS

AvUTa ev TO a’ OUT@CL*

eluara pev Xpot EoTO Ta Ob Xdperés 1 Te Kal “Opat

Toinoav Kal éBawav év avOcow etapwvotat,

@ ; n +3@ / / / pees /

ota hopova ‘Opat, év Te KpoKm ev O vakivlw

M4 BY ld Cay, 2 SIGN SF es n

év Te t@ Oarefovre podou T evi avOet KaX@

NOEL VEKT Ape ev T apBpootats Karixerce a

dvOecu vapKiao ov Kal Aetpiou: tot | “Adpooditn

@pals TaVvTolats TebvMpéva elwaTa EoTO.

x x *

fh 0€ cup appiTororat prropperdns "Agpodirn

TreEdpevae atTehavous evodeas, dvOea yains,

av eparaiow EOevTo Geai Ara poKpndemvor 103)

Noppat Kat Xaperes, 6 apa dé Ypuch "Ag podirn,

KaNOV aeLoovaas KAT Gpos TONUTLOaKOU *ldns.

i

Clement ie Alexandria, Protrept ii. 30. 5.

Kdortwp pev Ovntos, Pavatou O€ ol aica TéTpwTaL

avtap 6 y abdavatos LloAvdevnns, abe, ‘A pnos

8.

Athenaeus, vill. 334 B.

Tous 6€ meta TpitaTrny EnXévny réxe, Oadpa

Bpototct,

THY ToTEe KaAALKomOS Néweots PiroTHTL piyetoa

Znvi Jedy Baownhi Téxe KpaTtephs um avaryens”

pedye yap, ovd eCehev px On pevaas € év pirornre

maT pl Au Kpovion éreipero yap ppEevas aidot

Kal vewéoes’ KaTa yhy 5é Kal aTpUyeTov meray

vowp

1 Meineke: xaAArppdov 8 of’, MS.

498

THE CYPRIA

poet, whoever he was, writes as follows in his first ~~~

book : “She clothed herself with garments which

the Graces and Hours had made for her and dyed in

flowers of spring—such flowers as the Seasons wear

—in crocus and hyacinth and flourishing violet and

the rose’s lovely bloom, so sweet and delicious, and

heavenly buds, the flowers of the narcissus and lily.

In such perfumed garments is Aphrodite clothed at all

seasons. *« * * Then laughter-loving Aphrodite

and her handmaidens wove sweet-smelling crowns

of flowers of the earth and put them upon their

heads—the bright-coiffed goddesses, the Nymphs

and Graces, and golden Aphrodite too, while they

sang sweetly on the mount of many-fountained

Ida.”’

t

“Castor was mortal, and the fate of death was

destined for him; but Polydeuces, scion of Ares,

was immortal.”

8.

« And after them she bare a third child, Helen, a

marvel to men. Rich-tressed Nemesis once gave

her birth when she had been joined in love with Zeus

the king of the gods by harsh violence. For Nemesis

tried to escape him and liked not to lie in love with

her father Zeus the Son of Cronos; for shame and

indignation vexed her heart: therefore she fled

him over the land and fruitless dark water. But

499

Kk 2

THE EPIC CYCLE

pebye, Zevs d edtoe: NaBetv & étratero Oupa:

aNNOTE pev. KATA KDA Tohupnrois Soto daracons,

GNNOT ay’ ‘Oxccavod TOT APOV kal tmeipata L'ains,

ixO uve eLdop.evn TOVTOV TONUY eEopobuven,

aNNOT ay NIrELPOV Tou BohaKa’ yiryvero & atel

Onpt ba Hrretpos aiva Tpédet, Ohpa pvyot viv.

9,

Schol. on Hur. Andr. 898. 06 dé tas Kumpianas

e "a / / id a ae >

tatoptas auvtTatas Undecobevnv dyot, we? ov ets

Kimpov adiyOat, cai tov é& adthis texOévta

"AnreEdvopw “Ayavoyr.

0:

Herodotus, ii. 117. év ev yap toto. Kumpioroe

by C an b) / >) / > ?

clpntat ws TpLTatos é« Yrdaptns ‘AréEavdpos ati-

xeTo &> TO Idtov dyov Enévny, evaés Te TVEvLATL

Vpnoapevos Kai Padrdoon dein.

| 11.

Schol. on Il. iii, 242. érresdy mpotépms vio

Oncews yoTacOn . . 1a yap THY TOTE ryevomerny

aprayny “A diova rN "ATTLUKHS mopOetrat, Kal

TITP@OKETAL Kdorap t vO A pidvov Tov ToTe Ba-

TLNEWS Kara TO deEtoy punpov. ot Oe Avocxoupor

Oncews Ty TUXOVTES had upaywyovor Tas AOnvas.

» toTOpla Tapa... TOlS KUKALKOLS. . .

Plutarch, Thes. 32. “Hpéas & uTO Onoéws avTov

NY 2d / 5) n \ J € /

wept Adidvas atrofaveiv tov “AXuKov taTopnKe,

KaL MAPTUPLA TAUTA TA ETN bidet i! nit

TOV év evpuxope TOT’ Agiovy

papvawevov Onoevs ‘Edévns Ever’ HuKopoto

KTELVEV.”

1 Cp. Allen CLA. xxvii. 190.

500

THE CYPRIA

Zeus ever pursued and. longed in his heart to catch

her. Now she took the form of a fish and sped over

the waves of the loud-roaring sea, and now over

Ocean’s stream and the furthest bounds of Earth, and

now she sped over the furrowed land, always turning

into such dread creatures as the dry land nurtures,

that she might escape him.”

2.

The writer! of the Cyprian histories says that

_(Helen’s third child was) Pleisthenes and that she

took him with her to Cyprus, and that the child she

bore Alexandrus was Aganus.

10.

For it is said in the Cypra that Alexandrus came

with Helen to Ilium from Sparta in three days,

enjoying a favourable wind and calm sea.

dol.

For Helen had been previously carried off by

Theseus, and it was in consequence of this earlier

rape that Aphidna, a town in Attica, was sacked and

Castor was wounded in the right thigh by Aphidnus

who was king at that time. Then the Dioscuri,

failing to find Theseus, sacked Athens. The story

is in the Cyclic writers.

Hereas relates that Alycus was killed by Theseus

himself near Aphidna, and quotes the tolerate

verses in evidence :

“In spacious Aphidna Theseus slew him in hattle

long ago for rich-haired Helen’s sake.”’

1 4.e. Stasinus (or Hegesias : cp. fr. 6) : the phrase ‘‘ Cyprian

histories ” is equivalent to ‘‘ The Cypria.”

501

THE EPIC CYCLE

12.

Schol. on Pindar, Nem. x. 114.

ainva dé AuyKevs

Taiiyerov mpocéBawve tooly Tayéeoor TreTrOLO as.

axpotatov & avaBas duedépxeto vioov aTracav

Tavtaridov TléXorros, raya © etowde KvdLMOS Hpws

dewvois opOarpoicw Ecw Spvos audw KotrANs 5

Kdotopa @ immodapov cat deOrodopov Ilonv-

devKea.

Philodemus, On Piety. Kdotopa 6é tro “Ida

tov Addpewm Kkatnkovtiabar yéypal de . .

13.

Athenaeus, 35 a.

oivov tot, Mevédae, Oeol Trotnoay apiaTov

Ovntots avOp@roiow arocKEddoal MEACOOVAS.

14. |

Laurentian Scholiast on Sophocles, Elect. 157.

7) Opnp@ akorovbet eipnkote Tas Tpets Ovyartépas

tov Ayapéuvovos, 7 os 0 Ta Kimpia, 0 dyoty,

Idiyéverav xai Idtdvacoar.

15.3

Contest of Homer and Hesiod.

> of ev SatvuVTO TraVHWEpoL OUdEY EXOVTES

olxoev, adAa Trapetyev Avak avdpav Ayaméuvav.

16.

Louvre Papyrus.

ov« ehaunv Axirji Kodw@oémev ANKILOV HTOP

MOE Man EKTAYAWS, ETEL 7) WANA pot HiXrOS Her.

1 These two lines possibly belong to the account of the

feast given by Agamemnon at Lemnos.

502

THE CYPRIA

2.

« Straightway Lynceus, trusting in his swift feet,

made for Taygetus. He climbed its highest peak

and looked throughout the whole isle of Pelops, son

of Tantalus;-and soon the glorious hero with his

dread eyes saw horse-taming Castor and athlete

Polydeuces both hidden within a hollow oak.”

(Stasinus?) writes that Castor was killed with a

. spear shot by Idas the son of Aphareus.

13.

“Menelaus, know that the gods made wine the

best thing for mortal man to scatter cares.”’

14.

Hither he follows Homer who spoke of the three

daughters of Agamemnon, or—like the writer of

the Cypria—he makes them four, (distinguishing)

Iphigeneia and Iphianassa.

15.

“So they feasted all day long, taking nothing

from their own houses; for Agamemnon, king of

men, provided for them.”

16.

“T never thought to enrage so terribly the stout

heart of Achilles, for very well I loved him.”

533

THE EPIC CYCLE

17.

Pausanias, iv. 2.7. 0 d€ Ta &rn Toinoas Ta

Kvmpia Upwrteciidov dnotv, 0s 6te Kata THY

Tppasa eoxov “EXdqves amoRiva T POTOS €TOA-

ENCE, IIpwrecthdov Tovtov tHv yuvaixa IloAv-

oapay pev TO dvoua, Ouyatépa O€ Meredypou

dynotv eivat Tod Owéas.

18.

Eustathius, 119. 4. ioTopotat 5é tives OTL €x TOV

rt aacer OnBov 7) Xpvonis EANPON, ovTE

Katapuyovea excel, ovT émt Ovoiav ‘ApTEepoos

éXMovaa, was o Ta Kurrpia ypdas fn, adra

TonuTis ... Avdpopmayns ovaa.

19;

Pausanias, x. 31. 2. Tlarapnédny 6é ATOTVIYHVAL

7 poeovra emt ixObov Onpav, Avoundnv dé Tov

amroKTetvavTa elvat Kal "Odvocéa emrireEapevos ev

émreatv 00a tols Kumpiois.

20.

Plato, ee dia 12 A.

Liva dé TOV T " epgavra Kal Os TA0E TAVT epuTevoen

ovK eOérels etmrety: iva yap déos év0a Kai aides.

ot.

Herodian, On Peculiar Diction.

TO 8 VroKxvaapery TEKE Dopyovas aiva TEN pa,

ai Lapmndova vatov ér “Oneavd Babvdivy,

ane TET pNHEToAaV.

~

504

THE CYPRIA

17.

The poet of the Cypria says that the wife of

Protesilaus—who, when the Hellenes reached the

Trojan shore, first dared to land—was called Poly-

dora, and was the daughter of Meleager, the son of

Oeneus.

18.

Some relate that Chryseis was taken from Hypo-

placian! Thebes, and that she had not taken refuge

there nor gone there to sacrifice to Artemis, as the

author of the Cypria states, but was simply a fellow

townswoman of Andromache.

19.

I know, because I have read it in the epic Cypria,

that Palamedes was drowned when he had gone out

fishing, and that it was Diomedes and Odysseus who

caused his death.

20.

“ That it is Zeus who has done this, and brought

all these things 1o pass, you do not like to say;

for where fear is, there too is shame.”’

21.

“By him she conceived and bare the Gorgons,

fearful monsters who lived in Sarpedon, a rocky

island in deep-eddying Oceanus.”

1 s¢, the Asiatic Thebes at the foot of Mt, Placius.

595

THE EPIC CYCLE

22.

Clement of Alexandria, Reoniaten vii. 2.19. maruv

STacivov etovTos

vimLos OS TaTépa KTElVaS Taloas KATAaNELTEL.

AIOIONIS

1.

Proclus, Chrestomathia, ii. “EreBadree Oe Tots

T poet pn uevots (se. Kumptoes) ev TH 7 po TAUTNS

BiBro ‘Duds ‘Opsjpou, pel Hv cory "AtOcormdos

BuBria ‘Apetivov Maarnoiov TEpLexovTa TA0E.

“Apa Sov Tevdectheva Tapayivetat Tpwat oUMEa-

XygovTa, "A pews pev Ouyarnp, Opdcca dé TO

yevos- Kal KTELVEL avray apraTevoucay ‘Ayednrevs,

ot O€ Tp@es aura Oamrovat. Kal "AX AAEUS

Ocpoitnv avanpet ovdopnbels Tpos auTov Kal

overorabels TOV emt TH TlevGeovAcig eyopievov

epora. Kat €k TOUTOV OTAOLS yiverau TOUS “Axatois

mepl Too Gepaitov povov. pera O€ TAUTA “AXA

evs Els Meo Bov Tre, Kat Ovoas “ATroAX@VL Kal

“A preptoe kat Antot xaOatpetas Tov dhovov vm’

‘Odvacéws.

Menor dé 0 ‘Hobs VLOS eX cov npareToreveTov

TavoT May TaparyiveTat TOUS Tpwat BonOyncov:

Kal Bétus To Tall Ta Kara TOV Mépvova. 7 po-

dere. Kab _oupBoris ryevomevns ‘AYTLAOXOS UT

Mépvovos avatpetTat, emerta ‘Ayidrevs Mépvova

KTELVEL. Kal TovT@ pev “Hos mapa Atos aitnoa-

evn aavactav Sidwor T pe apievos oe “Ayedreds

tovs Topas kal eis THY TOMY GUVELaTET@Y UTO

506

THE AETHIOPIS

22.

Again, Stasinus says :

“ He is a simple man who kills the father and lets

the children live.”

THE AETHIOPIS

5 1.

_ Tue Cypria, described in the preceding book, has

its sequel in the Jiad of Homer, which is followed in

turn by the five books of the Aethiopis, the work of ,

Arctinus of Miletus. Their contents are as follows.

The Amazon Penthesileia, the daughter of Ares and

of Thracian race, comes to aid the Trojans, and after

showing great prowess, is killed by Achilles and

buried by the Trojans. Achilles then slays Ther-

sites for abusing and reviling him for his supposed

love for Penthesileia. As a result a dispute arises

amongst the Achaeans over the killing of Thersites,

and Achilles sails to Lesbos and after sacrificing to

Apollo, Artemis, and Leto, is purified by Odysseus

from bloodshed.

Then Memnon, the son of Eos, wearing armour

made by Hephaestus, comes to help the Trojans, and

Thetis tells her son about Memnon. A battle takes

place in which Antilochus is slain by Memnon and

Memnon by Achilles. Eos then obtains of Zeus and

bestows upon her son immortality; but Achilles

routs the Trojans, and, rushing into the city with

507

THE EPIC CYCLE

Tdpidos AVaLPEtT aL Kal ‘ATrod@vos* Kal Tept

TOU TT O MATOS YevOpEDTS ia xupas paxns "Avas

avEhOpEVOS éml TAS vas Koper, "Odvacéws

ATO MAYO LEVOV TOUS: Two. emeLTa "AVTLAOX OV

TE Oamrovat Kab TOV Vek pov TOU “ANU Ews 7 po-

TiOevtar Kal Oé€tus ap LK 0 MeV ouv Moveais Kab

Tals aedpais Opnvet TOV matoa Kab Heras Tatra

ex Ths Tupas n O€res avapTacaca TOV Tatoa els

TH Aevany Nijoov OraKopitet. ot Oe “Axatol TOV

Tapov XocavTes aryova Teac w, Kal mTepl TOV

‘AXLAREWS Omrov “Odvecet Kat Alavts otdous

€WTLTTEL.

2. |

Schol. on Il. xxiv. 804. tuvés ypadovar :

@s ol ’ dupierov Tapov’ ‘Extopos. 7AGe & “Apatin |

"Apnos Ouyatnp peyadHntopos avdpodovoto.

: 3.

Schol. on Pindar, Isth. iii. 53. 0 yap tHv ’AtOt0-

Tica ypaddov tept tov dpOpov dyot tov Aiavta

EQUTOV AVENEL.

TAIAS MIKPA

be

‘EKERs & éotlv “IWtddos px pas BiBrLa Téa cepa

Aeaxew Mirvdnvaiov TEpLexovTa TQOE. % TOV

OTAwV Kplois yiveTat Kal ‘Odvacevs Kara Bov-

Ano "AOnvas Aap Raver. Aias & éupavnys ryevo-

pevos THY Te Aelav TOV “AXaLdy Aupatverar Kal

éavTov avaipel. peta tavta Odvaceds oxHoas

508

THE LITTLE ILIAD

} them, is killed by Paris and Apollo. A great struggle

| for the body then follows, Aias taking up the body

}_ and carrying it to the ships, while Odysseus drives off

} the Trojans behind. The Achaeans then bury

| Antilochus and lay out the body of Achilles, while

| Thetis, arriving with the Muses and her sisters,

} bewails her son, whom she, afterwards catches away

from the pyre and transports to the White Island.

After this, the Achaeans pile him a cairn and hold

games in his honour. Lastly a dispute arises

between Odysseus and Aias over the arms of

Achilles.

2.

Some read: “Thus they performed the burial of

Hector. Then came the Amazon, the daughter of

great-souled Ares the slayer of men.”

3.

The author of the Aethiopis says that Aias killed

himself about dawn.

THE LITTLE ILIAD

ie

Next comes the Little Iliad in four books by

Lesches of Mitylene: its contents are as follows.

The adjudging of the arms of Achilles takes place,

and Odysseus, by the contriving of Athena, gains

them. Aias then becomes mad and destroys the

herd of the Achaeans and kills himself. Next

Odysseus lies in wait and catches Helenus, who

599

THE EPIC CYCLE

'EnXevoy Xap Bave, cal yphoavtTos Tept THs ado-

cews tovtov, Aropnoyns é« Anuvov Piroxtytny

avayel. sabeis dé ovTOS vmo Maydovos Kal

povoyaynoas ‘AreEavep@ Ktetvet’ Kai TOV VEK pov

UT Meveddov Kataucia evra, avEhomevo Oan-

TOVOLW Ot Tpdes. peta o€ tavta AnidoBos

Edévgy yapet, Ka Neorrohepov ‘Odvacers

ex ZKUpov anyaryov Ta OTAa OlOwoL TA TOD TAT POS"

Kab “AXsAAEUS aUuT@ pavraveras.

‘EupuTrunos 6€ 0 Trédou émiKOUpoS TOLS Toot

TapayiveTat, Kal apiaTevovTa, AUTOV ATOKTELVEL

NeomtoAepuos, Kat ot Tp@es modsopxovytat. Kal

"Eretos xat “AOnvas mpoaipecww tov Sovpetov

immov KatacKevater, Oduacets te aixtodpevos

€auTov KaTacKoTros ets *IX\Lov Tapary/ivEeTat, Kab

avayve pia Bets ud’ “Enévns mepl TNS aha@cews THS

TONEOS cuyTibetat, KTELVAS TE Tuas TOV Tpowv

émi Tas vavs adixvettat. Kal peta TAaVTa ovY

Avopnder TO Tahhaovov exxopiter cK THs ‘Thiov.

émetta els TOV dovpevov immrov TOUS aplaTous

eu BiBacavtes TUS TE cKNVaS KaTabhetavres, ol

oTrol THV ‘EAAqvev eis Tévedov avayovtat: ot

O€ Tpaes Tov KaK OY vrodaPovtes anrnrr.ax Oat,

TOV TE Sovpevov t (mov els THY TON elo OEXOVT AL,

OveAOvTES pEpos Tl TOU TELYOUS, KAL EVMYOUYTAL WS

VEVLKNKOTES TOUS "EAAqvas.

2.

Herodotus, Life of Homer.

"Troy aetow cai Aapdavinv evrrwXov

As wépt ToOANa TAOov Aavaol Oepdarrovtes “Apnos.

510

THE LITTLE ILIAD

prophesies as to the taking of Troy, and Diomede

_accordingly brings Philoctetes from Lemnos. Philoc-

tetes is healed by Machaon, fights in single combat

with Alexandrus and kills him: the dead body is

outraged by Menelaus, but the Trojans recover and

bury it. After this Deiphobus marries Helen, Odys-

seus brings Neoptolemus from Scyros and gives him

his father’s arms, and the ghost of Achilles appears

to him.

EKurypylus the son of Telephus arrives to aid the

Trojans, shows his prowess and is killed by Neo-

ptolemus. The Trojans are now closely beseiged, and

EKpeius, by Athena's instruction, builds the wooden

horse. Odysseus disfigures himself and goes in to

_ Ilium as aspy, and there being recognized by Helen,

plots with her for the taking of the city; after

killing certain of the Trojans, he returns to the ships.

Next he carries the Palladium out of Troy with the

help of Diomedes. Then after putting their best

men in the wooden horse and burning their huts, the

main body of the Hellenes sail to Tenedos. The

Trojans, supposing their troubles over, destroy a part

of their city wall and take the wooden horse into

their city and feast as though they had conquered

the Hellenes.

2.

“J sing of Ilium and Dardania, the land of fine

horses, wherein the Danai, followers of Ares, suffered

many things.”

511

THE EPIC CYCLE

| a. |

Schol. on Aristoph. Krights 1056 and Aristo- - &

phanes ib. 9 toropta TOUTOV TOV TpoTrov EVEL.

Ore de Epov To mepl TOV apiorebov 6 te Aias

Kab Oo ‘Odvacets, as dnow o Thy puxpav “Ididda

TETOLNKWS. TOV Néoropa dé oupBovredo as Tots

if EXAnor mera Tuvas é& avTav bro Ta TetXN

Tov Tpowv @TAKOVT THT OVTAS mepl Ths avdpetas

TOV _ Tpoetpnpevov NPWWV. TOUS Oe mem bevras

acodoat mapOeveov Siapepopeven m™ pos ddMNAS,

OV THY bev A€éyerv @S 0 Alas OND KpetTTOV éaTh

tov Odvocéws, duepyoméevnv ovTas:

Alas péev yap depe Kal Exhepe OntoTHTos

now UInnretdnv ov0’ n0eXe Stos ‘Oducceds.

THhv © étépay avrertrety “AOnvas mpovota:

TOS ETEPOVNTW; THS OV KATA KOTMOV EELTrES

Wpedoos;

Kab KE yun hépou aos eet Kev avnp avabetn,

GAN ovK av payécatTo: KETELTO yap EL HAaXéTaLTO.

Hustathius, 285. 34. 0 THY wLKpaV ‘Tudoa ypa-

bas ta Topet nde KavOijvae our das TOV Aiavra,

TeOHvat O€ ovTw@S ev cope OLA TV Opyiy TOU

Bacirews.

D,

Eustathius on Homer, Il. 326. o 6& THhv pLxpay

Trrdda ypdwas avafevyvivta avtov ato Tndedhou

mpocopplaOnvar exel.

[Tndetdny o "AXA pepe LKbpovde Qverra,

évOa vy és apyanéov ALmEeV’ txeTO VUKTOS EéxEiVNS.

512

THE LITTLE ILIAD

3,

The story runs as follows: Aias and Odysseus

were quarrelling as to their achievements, says the

poet of the Litile Ihad, and Nestor advised the

Hellenes to send some of their number to go to the

foot of the walls and overhear what was said about

the valour of the heroes named above. The eaves-

droppers heard certain girls disputing, one of them

‘saying that Aias was by far a better man than

Odysseus and continuing as follows :

“For Aias took up and carried out of the strife the

hero, Peleus’..son: this great Odysseus cared not to do.”

To.this another replied by Athena’s contrivance :

“Why, what is this you say? A thing against

reason and untrue!.... Kven a woman could carry

a load once a man had put it on her shoulder; but

she could not fight. For she would fail with fear if

_ she should fight.” :

4.

The writer of the Little had says that Aias was

not buried in the usual way,! but was simply buried

in a coffin, because of the king’s anger.

D.

The author of the Little Ihad says that Achilles

after putting out to sea from the country of Telephus

came to land there.

“The storm carried Achilles the son of Peleus to

Seyros, and he came into an uneasy harbour there in

that same night.”

1 sc. after cremation.

513

THE EPIC CYCLE

6.

Schol. on Pindar, Nem. vi. 85.

appt be mopKyS

Ypvaeos aoTpaTTEL Kal er aAUT@ dtKpoos aiy nn.

ie

Schol. on Kur. Troades, 822.

BA (v4 / 3 « : x A

dumerov Hv Kpovidns émopev ob tados atrowa

vpuaelois PUVAAOLTW + ayavoiow + KopowMaav

Botpuat 0 ods “Hdarotos éracknoas Au tratpi

day’, 0 dé Aaopédovte topev Vavupndeos avi.

8.

Pausanias, iii. 26.9. Maydova de vmo Evpu-

TUdOU Tou Ty dépou TereuTHCaL pynolv Oo Ta eTH

ToLnaas THY piKpav ‘Ihtdea.

2.

Homer, Odyssey iv. 247 ana Schol.

bY b] b] \ \ VA A

adr.@ 8 avtov dott KkaTaKpUTTTOV HioKE

5éxTH, Os ovdev ToOlos Env él vnvowW Axatav.

ce

O KUKALKOS TO O€KTY OVOMAT LAS aKovel, Tap ov

dnow Tov ‘Oduccéa Ta paxn daBovra pernuded-

Aa, 0s ovK Hv ev Talis VHVaL ToLOVTOS otos "Odvc-

GEUS aYpElos.

7 EO,

Plutarch, Moralia, p. 153 F. Kal mpovBanr

“Opnpos, os dnor Aéoxns:

Motoa por évver’ éxetva Ta HT éyévovTo Tapoler,

pyar éorat petoria Ger.

514

THE LITTLE ILIAD

6.

« About the spear-shaft was a hoop of flashing

gold, and a point was fitted to it at either end.”

a |

« |... The vine which the son of Cronos gave him

as a recompense for his son. It bloomed richly with

soft leaves of gold and grape clusters ; Hephaestus

wrought it and gave it to his father Zeus: and he

bestowed it on Laomedon asa price for Ganymedes. ”’

8.

The writer of the epic Little Ilad says that

Machaon was killed by Burypy'us; the son of

Telephus.

Q;

“He disguised himself, and made himself like

another person, a beggar, the like of whom was not

by the ships of the Achaeans.”’

_ The Cyelic poet uses “beggar” as a substantive,

and so means to say that when Odysseus had changed

his clothes and put on rags, there was no one so

good for nothing at the ships as Odysseus.

162

And Homer put forward the following verses as

Lesches gives them :

“Muse, tell me of those things which neither

happened before nor shall be hereafter.”’

1 This fragment comes from a version of the Contest of

Homer and Hesiod widely different from that now extant.

The words ‘‘as Lesches gives them (says) ” seem to indicate

that the verse and a half assigned to Homer came from the

Inittle Inad. It is possible they may have introduced some

unusually striking incident, such as the actual Fall of Troy.

8

a

THE EPIC CYCLE

gue noes 6¢ ‘Hatoédos:

GN é6Tav appl Atos TUUBQO Kavaxnmoses t UT OL

ae cvVTPIwo ETrELYyOMEVOL TEDL ViKNS.

Kal OLa TOUTO AێyeTaL paddtaTa Bavpacbeis Tov

TplTooos TUXELD.

pe

Schol. Lycophr. 344. 0 Ytvov ws Hv avT@ ovv-

TeBerpevov, PpuKTov vmodetEas tots “EAAnow ws

O Aeoxns paeY HVLKA

voE& pev Env péoon, Nappy O éméTEArE ate

L2

Pausanias x. 25. 5. TéTpOTaLt d€ TOV Bpaxtova

o Méyns, Kaba 6n Kab Meoxews o Atoxudtvouv

Iuppaios € ev "TAtov Tépovcs € erroinoe” TpwOO Hvar G€

v1r0 THY paxny TOUTOV HV eV TH VUKTL éHaXeravTo

ot Tpaes v7ro “Adpajrov pyct TOU “Auryetov. Ve

ypam Tae 6€ Kal Avicounons ay EX OY Tpadpa én

TO KapTe: Aécyews 8 ovT@ ono QUTOV UT

’Aryiivopos TpwPijvar. (2b. 26. 4) "Aotobvoov 6é, ov

uy) eTrOLnT ATO Kab Aeaxews puny, TENTOKOTA

és yovu o Neomronepos Eiper mater. (4b. 26. 8)

Aéoxews be TET PO {LEVOV TOV Eduxdova ev TH

VUKTOMAXK LG ype pra Ofivat Te vireo "Odveaéws Kal

eEaxPijvac Ctovra é ek THS HAXNS dnotv. (tb. 27. 1)

Kab aur ov AMeaxews ’Hiovéa v6 Neomronéqou, TOV

dé ume Dido THTOV gnow atto@avetv TOV “AS parov

’ . Ipiapov dé ove atroVavety éby Meoxyews € emi

i éoxapg TOU ‘Epxetov, aXXra anoomacbevra a aro

TOU Bopob Tapepyov TO Neorroreue Tpos Tats

Tis olKlas yeverOau Ovpass ... A&€iova be maida

eivat Lpudpov Aéoxews kai arodavety avtov vTo

516

THE LITTLE ILIAD

And Hesiod answered :

«“ But when horses with cart ehinies hoofs wreck

chariots, striving for victory about the tomb of Zeus.”

And it is said that, because this reply was specially

admired, Hesiod won the tripod (at the funeral

games of Amphidamas).

‘iv By

Sinon, as it had been arranged with him, secretly

showed a signal-light to the Hellenes. | Thus Lesches

writes :—

«“ It was midnight, and the clear moon was rising.”

hes

_ Meges is represented ! wounded in the arm just as

Lescheos the son of Aeschylinus of Pyrrha describes in

his Sack of [uum where it is said that he was wounded

in the battle which the Trojans fought in the night

by Admetus, son of Augeias. Lycomedes too is in

the picture with a wound in the wrist, and Lescheos

says he was so wounded by Agenor . . . Lescheos also

mentions Astynoiis, and here he is, fallen on one knee,

while Neoptolemus strikes him with his sword. . .

The same writer says that Helicaon was wounded in

the night-battle, but was recognised by Odysseus and

by him conducted alive out of the fight .. . Of them,’

Lescheos says that Eion was killed by Neoptolemus,

and Admetus by Philoctetes ... He also says that

Priam was not killed at the hearth of Zeus Herceius,

but was dragged away from the altar and destroyed

offhand by Neoptolemus at the doors of the house .

Lescheos says that Axion was the son of Priam and

1 7.e. in the paintings by Polygnotus at DeJphi.

2 4.e. the dead bodies in the picture.

517

THE EPIC CYCLE >

"EupuT vou TOU "Evaiwovos pnor. TOU "Aryvopos

dé Kara Tov avtov Trountny NeomToremos avToyetp

éoTt.

13.

Aristoph. Lysistr. 155 and Schol.

o yav MevéXaos tas Endévas Ta para Ta

Rees ae éFéBar oi TO Ethos.

...7a 8 avta kai Aéoyns o Iluppatos ev TH

puxpa Irtdoe.

Pausamias x. 25. 8. Méoxews dé els THY Aipay

eroinaev nviKa WAtoKeTo "Tov um egeModaav els

TO oTpaToTmedov avTny adixécOar TO “EXAHvoV

Kal UTO TOV TALOMV yopraOhvar TOV Onceas, Kal

as Tap “Aryapéuvovos ALTHOAL Anpopov aura.

0 8 éxeiv@ pev eDéhew xapiver bau, Toure dé ov

7 poTepov “&hn 7 piv ‘Edévny metoae’ amoarethavtt

dé avT@ KnpuKa edwmxev EnXévn tHhv yapwv.

14.

Schol. Lycophr. Alex. 1268.

auTap “AX IAM}OS peyabvpou paidipos UVLOS

‘Exropeny ado ov KaTAYEV KotAas él vnas:

Tatoa 0 éX@v éx KOATTIOV évTTAOKaMOLO TLOHYNS

pire mrodos TETAYOV GTO mbpyou: Tov O€ Teo ovTa.

eANaBe ToppupEos Odvatos Kal potpa Kparain.

éx & &Nev ‘Avdpopayny, noS@vov TAPaKOUTL

“Exropos, Here Ol AUTO apla thes Tavayaudy

ddkav € exewy érinpov per Bopevor yépas avépi,

avToV T Ayxicao KAUTOV Yyovov immoda.o10

‘Awetay € év vnucly éRncato TOVT OT OPOLELY

éx wavtwov Aavawy ayéuev yépas eEoxov adv.

518

THE LITTLE ILIAD

was slain by Eurypylus, the son of Eugemon.

Agenor—according to the same poet—was butchered

by Neoptolemus.

13.

“Menelaus at least, when he caught a glimpse

somehow of the breasts of Helen unclad, cast away

his sword, methinks.” Lesches the Pyrrhaean also

has the same account in his Little Ihad.

Concerning Aethra Lesches relates that when

lium was taken she stole out of the city and came

to the Hellenic camp, where she was recognised by

the sons of Theseus ; and that Demophon asked her

of Agamemnon. Agamemnon wished to grant him

this favour, but he would not do so until Helen

consented. And when he sent a herald, Helen

granted his request.

14,

“ Then the bri ek son of bold Achilles led the wife of

Hector to the hollow ships; but her son he snatched

from the bosom of his rich-haired nurse and seized him

by the foot and cast him from a tower. So when he had

fallen bloody death and hard fate seized on Astyanax.

And Neoptolemus chose out Andromache, Hector’s

well-girded wife, andthe chiefs of all the Achaeans

gave her to him to hold requiting him with a welcome

prize. And he put Aeneas,! the famous son of

horse-taming Anchises, on board his sea- faring ships,

a prize surpassing those of all the Danains.”

1 According to this version Aeneas was taken to Pharsalia.

Better known are the Homeric account (according to which

Aeneas founded a new dynasty at Troy), and the legends

which make him seek a new home in Italy.

219

THE EPIC CYCLE

LAIOY TLEPSIS

1

"Emeras S€ tovtos “Idtov Teépatdos BuBdia B

“Apetivou MuAnotouv, TEPLEXOVTA, TAGE. @s TO

Tept TOV i@mrov ob Tpdes UTOTTWS eXovTes

TepraTavres Bovrevovtat 6 TL xen move Kab

TOUS pev doKel KaTaKpnuvio as avrov, tois &é

KaTapreyely® ol 06 t Lepov avTov epacay Oety Th

"AOnve avareOhvar Kal TENOS VUKE y) TOUTOV

Youn. TpamTrevTEs dé ets ebppootuny evoxodvrae

@S amTnd\Aaypéevoe TOU TONE MOV. év avT@ oe

TOUT dv0 OpaKovtes emripavevTes rov te Aao-

KO@YTA Kal TOV ETEepoyv TOV TaLo@y StadOelpovcw:

éml O€ TO Tépate SvadopyoavTes ot Tepl Tov

Aiveiap umee HO ov eis THY “ldnv: Kal Yivev Tovs

TUpoOUs dvioxet TOUS “AXaois, TpOTEPOV elo edn- |

AvVIws Mpoomoinros. ol O€ Ex Tevédov 7 poamheu-

oayTes Kab ob kK TOU Soupetou t UIT OU emimimToual

TOUS _TroAE LOLS, Kal TONNOUS avENOVTES THY moh

KATA KpaTos hapPdvovar. Kal NeomroXepos pep

ATOKTELVEL IIpiapov € émt TOV TOD Avos TOU Epxetou

Bepov KarapuyovTa. Mevenaos dé avevpov E)é-

pynv éml tas vavs KaTAYEL, AnigoBov povevoas.

Kacoavopay dé Alas o "Théws | rpos Biav a QTrOOT OV

TWVEPENKETAL To THS “A@nvas Eoavov: ed’ @ 70,0-

Evvdévtes ob Edives KaTaredo at Bovredvovrat

tov Atavta, o 6é émt tov THs “AOnvas Bapov

katadbevye. Kat dtacdlerar éx Tod émixerpévov

1 So MSS. This form is confirmed (as against Heyne’s

OiAgws) by Hesiod, Catalogues, frag. 83.

520

em yea ee ak er oD i ae ei Co CRS ESM == 3 3 Se aaa . a . - Sy mite , UF Sate nae sai 3 eee

SEP ES See ey —wie. dint si." aad”. oolined

ee

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 112-141

| mischief for you all. And now I am pitiable, for I

have lost three sons. First the abhorred ferret

seized and killed one of them, catching him outside

the hole ; then ruthless men dragged another to his

doom when by unheard-of arts they had contrived a

| _ wooden snare, a destroyer of Mice, which they calla

trap. There was a third whom I and his dear

| mother loved well , and him Puff-jaw has carried out

into the deep and drowned. Come, then, and let us

| arm ourselves and go out against them when we have

arrayed ourselves in rich-wrought arms.”’

With such words he persuaded them all to gird

themselves. And Ares who has charge of war

| equipped them. First they fastened on greaves and

covered their shins with green bean-pods broken into

two parts which they had gnawed out, standing over

them all night. Their breast plates were of skin

stretched on reeds, skilfully made from a ferret they

had flayed. For shields each had the centre-piece of

a lamp, and their spears were long needles all of

bronze, the work of Ares, and the helmets upon their

temples were pea-nut shells.

So the Mice armed themselves. But when the Frogs

| were aware of it, they rose up out of the water and

coming together to one place gathered a council of

grievous war. And while they were asking whence

the quarrel arose, and what the cause of this anger,

} a herald drew near bearing a wand in his paws,

Pot-visitor the son of great-hearted Cheese-carver.

He brought the grim message of war, speaking

thus:

“ Frogs, the Mice have sent me with their threats

against you, and bid you arm yourselves for war and

battle ; for they have seen Crumb-snatcher in the

597

‘BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE

bpuétrepos Bactrevrs Duaciyvabos. adra payecbe, —

oitives €v BaTtpayolow apiaThes yeyaaoee. |

ray > \ b) / / ’ >] 7 Srey 7

Os etrr@v amédnve: Novos O Eis OVAT amupoV

cicehO wv érapake dpévas Batpaxav ayepwxov: 14

pehopévorv & avtav Puaoiyvalos eimev avactas: —

°O, diros, ov« Extewov éym pov, oVOE KATELOOY

b) v4 yA x 9 / / bi A

a ae a TAaVTOS O waae ts TmarCov pase) ALYY,

vagers Tas Patpaxav pupLoupevos: OL O€ KAKLOTOL

vov éme penpovrat TOV GVALTLOV’ GAN aye Bovdrnv 15 |

Cyto open, ¢ omras dohious pvas eFoheowper.

ToLyap ey@v épéw, WS moe OoKEl Eivat AploTa.

TOMATA KoTpHCAVTES ev OTTAOLS OT@pPEV ATAaYTES

aKpols Tap YElNEToW, OTTOU KATAKPHMVOS 0 Y@pos-

nvika © opynOevtes eb’ huéas €FéAO wor, — 15

Spakdpevos Kopv0wv, dats axXedov avtios EXOn,

5) 7 > \ Xe Lae, >A /

és ALuYnVY avTOVvS avV Exeivats evOv Baroper.

ef \ if 3 e/ \ 3 4

oUTM yap TriEavTes ev Vdact TOUS akoAvpMBOUS

oTHToMEV EVOY UWS TO LUOKTOVOY WOE TPOTTALOY.

“Os el Tov AVETTELTE caborrrier Gat amavtas. 160

purdous peev paraxav KVHULAS EAS aupexauyay,

Oopncas S elyov KANOV Xoepav amo TEUTAOD,

purra O€ TOV Kpap Bev ELS aomioas ev HoKnoay,

eyXos, & o€vayvouvos ExdoT@ parpos ap7pet, |

Kal Ta KEpa KO MOD ero exadduTrTe Kapynva. 16M

ppatdpevor 0 éoTnoay et ox Ons by how |

aciovTes NOyKaS, Ovpod & ELT ANVTO EKATTOS.

Zevs 6€ Ocovs Kadéoas ets ovpavov daTEpoEvTa,

Kal TORE LOU Tr Odv detEas Kparepous TE PAaXNTAS, ig

TOXNOUS Kab peyddous 8° byxea pak pa Pépovras, - t

otos Kevtavpwrv otpatos épyetas 4o€ Diydvrov, |

55?

Se ee a ee Fe FE OS

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 142-171

} ‘water whom your king Puff-jaw slew. Fight, then,

| as many of you as are warriors among the Frogs.”

With these words he explained the matter. So

when this blameless speech came to their ears, the

proud Frogs were disturbed in their hearts and

began to blame Puff-jaw. But he rose up and said:

“Friends, I killed no Mouse, nor did I see one

perishing. Surely he was drowned while playing by

the lake and imitating the swimming of the Frogs,

and now these wretches blame me who am guiltless.

Come then; let us take counsel how we may utterly

destroy the wily Mice. Moreover, I will tell you

what I think to be the best. Let us all gird on our

armour and take our stand on the very brink of the

lake, where the ground breaks down sheer: then

when they come out and charge upon us, let each

seize by the crest the Mouse who attacks him, and cast

them with their helmets into the lake; for so we shall

drown these dry-bobs! in the water, and merrily set

up here a trophy of victory over the slaughtered Mice.”

By this speech he persuaded them to arm them-

selves They covered their shins with leaves of

mallows, and had breastplates made of fine green

beet-leaves, and cabbage-leaves, skilfully fashioned,

for shields. Each one was equipped with a long,

pointed rush for a shear, and smooth snail-shells to

cover their heads. Then they stood in close-locked

ranks upon the high bank, waving their spears, and

were filled, each of them, with courage.

Now Zeus called the gods to starry heaven and

showed them the martial throng and the stout

warriors so many and so great, all bearing long

spears ; for they were as the host of the Centaurs

1 [it. “* those unable to swim.’’

399

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE

HOU YEXOV Epéerve: Tives BaTpaxXoLaLW apwyol

» pvoly Aavadtwov; kal A@nvainv mpocéetrev’

Oo Ooyarep, pow Ui pa BonOycovea jmopevon;

Kal yap gov KaTa vnov del OKLPTOCW ATaVvTeEs 17

KVLOON TEPTTOMEVOL Kal eder pace TavTodatotaw.

“Os dp &ébn Kpovidns: tov 6€ rpocéertrev AOnvy:

@ TATEP, OUK av TwTTOT éy@ pual TEeLpomEvOLoL

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cial Yap ovo avrol ppevas epmevo, ANNA LE TP@Nv

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THY Kepariy anyotvaa, ws éBonoev GNEKTOD.

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554

4

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 172--202

and the Giants. Then he asked with a sly smile;

“ Who of the deathless gods will help the Frogs and

who the Mice?”’ And he said to Athena;

“My daughter, will you go aid the Mice? For

they ; all frolic about your temple continually, delight-

ing in the fat of sacrifice and in all kinds of food.”

So then said the son of Cronos. But Athena

answered him: “I would never go to help the Mice

when they are hard pressed, for they have done me

much mischief, spoiling my garlands and my lamps

too, to get the oil. And this thing that they have

done vexes my heart exceedingly: they have eaten

holes in my sacred robe, which I wove painfully spin-

ning a fine woof on a fine warp, and made it full of holes.

And now the money-lender is at me and charges me

interest which is a bitter thing for immortals. For

I borrowed to do my weaving, and have nothing with

which to repay. Yet even so [ will not help the

Frogs; for they also are not considerate : once, when

_I was returning early from war, I was very tired, and

though I wanted to sleep, they would not let me

even doze a little for their outcry ; and so I lay sleep-

less with a headache until cock-crow. No, gods, let

us refrain from helping these hosts, or one of us may

get wounded with a sharp spear; for they fight hand

to hand, even if a god comes against them. Let

us rather all amuse ourselves watching the fight from

heaven.”

So said Athena. And the other gods agreed with

her, and all went in a body to one place.

Then gnats with great trumpets sounded the fell

note of war, and Zeus the son of Cronos thundered

from heaven, a sign of grievous battle.

First ee croaker wounded Lickman in the belly,

555

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE

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7peTre de T™ ENVIS, ux? O€ pereov é&err TN.

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éx pivav éotake, mardooeTo 6 aipate yaia.

1 Omitted by Baumeister and by many MSS.

556

2"

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 203-229

right through the midriff. Down fell he on his face

and soiled his soft fur in the dust: he fell with a

thud and his armour clashed about him. Next

Troglodyte shot at the son of Mudman, and drove

the strong spear deep into his breast; so he fell, and

black death seized him and his spirit flitted forth

from his mouth. Then Beety struck Pot-visitor to

the heart and killed him, and Bread-nibbler hit

Loud-crier in the belly, so that he fell on his face

and his spirit flitted forth from his limbs. Now when

Pond-larker saw Loud-crier perishing, he struck in

quickly and wounded Troglodyte in his soft neck

with a rock like a mill-stone, sc that darkness veiled

his eyes. Thereat Ocimides was seized with grief,

and struck out with his sharp reed and did not

draw his spear back to him again, but felled his

enemy there and then. And Lickman shot at him

with a bright spear and hit him unerringly in the

midriff. And as he marked Cabbage-eater running

away, he fell on the steep bank, yet even so did not

cease fighting but smote that other so that he fell

and did not rise again: and the lake was dyed with

red blood as he lay outstretched along the shore,

pierced through the guts and shining flanks. Also

he slew Cheese-eater on the very brink .....

But Reedy took to flight when he saw Ham-nibbler,

and fled, plunging into the lake and throwing away

his shield. Then blameless Pot-visitor killed Brewer

and Water-larker killed the lord Ham-nibbler, striking

him on the head with a pebble, so that his brains

flowed out at his nostrils and the earth was bespattered

557

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE

Aewxomivaka O em even Gud poo BopBopoxoirns, 230

éyyes érrai~as: Tov d€ oKOTOS doce Karurpev. |

IIpaccaios & émid@v todos ethxuce vexpov €ovra,

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Viyapraké & nuvy érdpov tept TeOver@tov |

Kal Bare paccaiov unre yains émiBavra: 235

Timte O€ ol mpocbev, uy d ’Atddade BePijxee. |

KpapPoBarns S cae THAOD Opaka pirpev er

avr on, F

Kal TO “pétorrov EXpLTe Kab eferupnou Tapa PL POV.

apyian o dp éxelvos, éEdwv O€ TE xeupt Taxely 3

Kel pevov éy Tredim ALOov uP plwov, axOos a apoupns, 240

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nHrato © €s TAPpOUS, otTws Puyn aim by dreO pov. |

Tpofaprns 0 éBanev Puciyvaboy é€ és Too G dK pov. 250°

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Tov © Bane Tpupanecay a apvpova Kal TET PAYXUTpPOV 255 |

60S ‘Opuyavion, HL LOUpEvOS aur ov "Apna,

[ds povos év Batpdyotow apiotevev Kal’ dptrov: |

558

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 230-257

1 with blood. Faultless Muck-coucher sprang upon

_ Lick-platter and killed him with his spear and

| : brought darkness upon his eyes: and Leeky saw it,

| and dragged Lick-platter by the foot, though he was

| dead, and choked him in the lake. But Crumb-

| snatcher was fighting to avenge his dead comrades,

| and hit Leeky before he reached the land ; and he fell

}| forward at the blow and his soul went down to Hades.

| And seeing this, Cabbage-climber took a clod of mud

| and hurled it at the Mouse, plastering all his forehead

1! : and nearly blinding him. Thereat Crumb-snatcher

| ie was enraged and caught up in his strong hand a huge

|| stone that lay upon the ground, a heavy burden for

| the soil: with that he hit Cabbage-climber below the

| knee and splintered his whole right shin, hurling him

1) on his back in the dust. But Croakerson kept him

i aq off, and rushing at the Mouse in turn, hit him in the

| middle of the belly and drove the whole reed-spear

} into him, and as he drew the spear back to him with

| his strong hand, all his foe’s bowels gushed out upon

}| the ground. And when Troglodyte saw the deed, as

} he was limping away from the fight on the river

bank, he shrank back sorely moved, and leaped into a

| __ trench to escape sheer death. Then Bread-nibbler hit

| Puff-jaw on the toes—he came up at the last from

| the lake and was greatly distressed . .. And when

Ke Leeky saw him fallen forward, but still half alive,

he pressed through. those who fought in front and

| hurled a sharp reed at him; but the point of the

| spear was stayed and did not break his shield. Then

| noble Rueful, like Ares himself, struck his flawless

ie head-piece made of four pots—he only among the

: 559

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE

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Kal pneas Kapvou peronv pax eis OVO poipas —- 265

ppayony apubor Epota wy év @ous yvelpas eOnnev:

OL Oe TAXOS Seto avTes eBay TayTEs kara Mya

Kal vu Kev efeTeher cen, € émel peeya ot aOévos jer,

Gi ra ap o&u vonce TAT avo pov Te Gey Te. |

Kab TOT aMONAUMEVOUS Batpaxous @KTELPE Kpoviov:

KIC as dé Kapn Toi epbeyEato PHoOviyy: 271

a) TOTOL, n peya Epryov év opParpolow o Opapuae: :

ov pet pov EKTANTOEL Mepioaprraé, 0 OS KATE dipeny

apTaké év Barpaxourw at Berar anna TAaXLOTOL |

Tladraba TémAl@ bev TONE{LOKOVOY, H Kab "Apna, 2754

ot pu eT TX TOUTE Paxns KpaTepov mep éovTa.

TOS ap éby K povidns: ° ‘Hpn & atrapet Beto uo0ov

OUT ap "AOnvains, Kpovidn, abévos, ove "Apnos

loxvoet Barpaxotow apnyéemev aimov breO pov.

GNX aye mavTes L@ [ev apnyoves” ) TO GOV OTFAOY 2808

cweta Ow peya Teravoxrovov oBptmoepyov,

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KaL peyav ‘Eryxédaoov Kah ayy pea, hora Leydvror,

KivelaOw: oUTW yap AN@CETAL, OGTIS APLOTOS.

1 Kpelwvos, Baumeister.

* This may be a parody of Orion’s threat in Hesiod,

Astronomy, frag. 4

560

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 258-284

| Frogs showed prowess in the throng. But when he

| saw the other rush at him, he did not stay to meet

| the stout-hearted hero but dived down to the depths

| of the lake.

| Now there was one among the Mice, Slice-

| snatcher, who excelled the rest, dear son of Gnawer

| the son of blameless Bread-stealer. He went to his

house and bade his son take part inthe war; but he

himself stood exulting by the lake. This warrior

threatened to destroy the race of Frogs utterly, and

splitting a chestnut-husk into two parts along the

| joint, put the two hollow pieces as armour on his paws :

| then straightway the Frogs were dismayed and all

} rushed down to the lake, and he would have made

| good his boast—for he had great strength—had not

the Son of Cronos, the Father of men and gods, been

quick to mark the thing and pitied the Frogs as

they were perishing. He shook his head, and

uttered this word :

: “ Dear, dear, how fearful a deed do my eyes be-

} hold! Slice-snatcher makes no small panic rushing

| to and fro among the Frogs by the lake. Let us then

} make all haste and send warlike Pallas or even

} Ares, for they will stop his fighting, strong though

me is.

| So said the Son of Cronos; but Hera answered

| him: “Son of Cronos, neither the might of Athena

} nor of Ares can avail to deliver the Frogs from utter

} destruction. Rather, come and let us all go to help

} them, or else let loose your weapon, the great and for-

} midable Titan-killer with which you killed Capaneus,

} that doughty man, and great Enceladus and the wild

} tribes of Giants; ay, let it loose, for so the most

| valiant will be slain.”

561

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE.

OS ip epn’ Kpovidns 8 éBare wWordevta —

KE pauvov. 28 |

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eb pen am OdrAdprov Barpaxous @KTELPE Kpovicr, ‘

bs pa ToT év Batpaxoow a cipeoryous evOus Emreprper.

"HAGov & éEaihuns vataxpoves, ayKuhox frat, |

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oo ropuels, TAT WOTOL; dmoatihBovtes € ev apors, |

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,

562

BATTLE OF FROGS AND MICE, 285-303

So said Hera: and the Son of Cronos cast a lurid

| thunderbolt: first he thundered and made great

| Olympus shake, and then cast the thunderbolt, the

| awful weapon of Zeus, tossing it lightly forth. Thus

he frightened them all, Frogs and Mice alike, hurl-

ing his bolt upon them. Yet even so the army of

the Mice did not relax, but hoped still more to

destroy the brood of warrior Frogs. Only, the Son

of Cronos, on Olympus, pitied the Frogs and then

straightway sent them helpers.

So there came suddenly warriors with mailed

backs and curving claws, crooked beasts that walked

| sideways, nut-cracker-jawed, shell-hided: bony they

were, flat-backed, with glistening shoulders and

bandy legs and stretching arms and eyes that looked

behind them. They had also eight legs and two

feelers—persistent creatures who are called crabs.

These nipped off the tails and paws and feet of the

Mice with their jaws, while spears only beat on

them. Of these the Mice were all afraid and no

longer stood up to them, but turned and _ fled.

Already the sun was set, and so came the end of the

one-day war.

563

0 o 2

| OF THE ORIGIN OF HOMER AND

| HESIOD, AND THEIR CONTEST

ae

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1 Goettling’s paging. 2 Works and Days, 639 f.

566

OF THE ORIGIN OF HOMER AND

HESIOD, AND OF THEIR CONTEST

EvERYONE boasts that the most divine of poets,

Te Homer and Hesiod, are said to be his particular

} countrymen. Hesiod, indeed, has put a name to his

|} native place and so prevented any rivalry, for he

said that his father “settled near Helicon in a

fa wretched hamlet, Ascra, which is miserable in winter

sultry in summer, and good at no season.” But, as

1 for Homer, you might almost say that every city

| with itsinhabitants claims him asher son. Foremost

are the men of Smyrna who say that he was the Son

14 of Meles, the river of their town, by a nymph

| Cretheis, and that he was at first called Melesigenes.

| He was named Homer later, when he became blind,

| this being their usual epithet for such people. The

| Chians, on the other hand, bring forward evidence

| to show that he was their countrymen, saying that

there actually remain some of his descendants among

ie them who are called Homeridae. The Colophonians

| even show the place where they declare that he

| began to compose when a schoolmaster, and say that

| his first work was the Margites.

bey As to his parents also, there is on all hands great

| disagreement, Hellanicus and Cleanthes say his

e 567

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

314 cai KredvOns Maiova Xéyouvow, Evyatwv dé Mé-

Anra, Karrxrns 6é Mvacaryopay, Anpoxputos dé

O Tipoetveos Aanpova é é“TTOpoy, Evtot O€ Oapvpar,'

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éema@v dedo0EakoTos.

1 Rzach ; Tautparv, Flach.

568

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

father was Maeon, but Eugaeon says Meles ; Callicles

is for Mnesagoras, Democritus of Troezen for Daémon,

a merchant-trader. Some, again, say he was the son

of Thamyras, but the Egyptians say of Menemachus,

a priest-scribe, and there are even those who father

him on Telemachus, the son of Odysseus. As for

his mother, she is variously called Metis, Cretheis,

Themista, and Eugnetho. Others say she was an

Ithacan woman sold as a slave by the Phoenicians ;

others, Calliope the Muse; others again Polycasta,

the daughter of Nestor.

Homer himself was called Meles or, according to

different accounts, Melesigenes or Altes. Some

authorities say he was called Homer, because his

father was given as a hostage to the Persians by the

men of Cyprus; others, because of his blindness ; for

amongst the Aeolians the blind are so called. We

will set down, however, what we have heard to have

been said by the Pythia concerning Homer in the

time of the most sacred Emperor Hadrian. When

the monarch inquired from what city Homer came,

and whose son he was, the priestess delivered a

response in hexameters after this fashion :

“Do you ask me of.the obscure race and country

of the heavenly siren? Ithaca is his country, Tele-

machus his father, and Epicasta, Nestor’s daughter,

the mother that bare him, a man by far the wisest

of mortal kind.” This we must most implicitly

believe, the inquirer and the answerer being who

they are—especially since the poet has so greatly

glorified his grandfather in his works,

' 569

315

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

”Eyeoe _pev ovv abrov T poryever TEpOV ‘Hovddou

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Novos Puvyatpos “Haiodov cai Uépanv: *“AmedXod

5é Matova, Maiovos dé kai Ovyatpos MéAntos

Tov ToTamov © Opnpor.

Teves 6€ cvvaxudcat dacivy avTovs @aTE Kal

ayovicacbas ouore éy XaAKlor THS Evotas.”

TOUT avr yap Tov Mapyitnp ° ‘Ounpov TEPLEPXE-

cOat Kata mony parr@oodvta, EhOovta O€ Kal Els

Acrdous rept THS maT ptoos avTov tuvOdavecOat,

Tis etn, THY O€ I1vOiav etzrety:

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dé€eTa? AAG véwy Taidov aiviypa dvrAakat.

TOV 0€ AKOVCAaVTA TrepucTacbae pev THY Els “Tov

aes, dvat piBery dé rept THY Exel Xepav. KATO

dé TOD avTov Ypovov Tavixrop emt ap tov Tob

Tatpos Apdiddpuavtos, Baciiéas EvBotas, em t-

TENOY mavTas TOUS eran Hous dvOpas ov povov

pOun Kal TaXEL, GNAA Kab copia él Tov ayava

peyanrass Sepeats TLUOV TUVEKAGNETEV. Kal OUTOL

ovv €K TUYNS, OS pact, cuuBarovtes aAAHXOLS

1 Goettling’s supplement.

2 Nietzsche: év ’AvA(d: THs Bowwrlas, MSS.

578

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

Now some say that he was earlier than Hesiod

others that he was younger and akin to him. They

give his descent thus: Apollo and Atthusa, daughter

of Poseidon, had a son Linus, to whom was born

Pierus. From Pierus and the nymph Methone sprang

Oeager ; and from Oeager and Calliope Orpheus; from

Orpheus, Dres ; and from him, EKucles. The descent is

continued through Iadmonides, Philoterpes, Euphe-

mus, Epiphrades and Melanopus who had sons Dius

and Apelles. Dius by Pycimede, the daughter of

Apollo had two sons Hesiod and Perses; while

if _Apelles begot Maeon who was the father of Homer

by a daughter of the River Meles.

According to one account they flourished at the

same time and even had a contest of skill at

Chalcis in Euboea. For, they say, after Homer had

composed the Margites, he went about from city to

| city as a minstrel, and coming to Delphi, inquired

} who he was and of what country? The Pythia

| answered :

“The Isle of Ios is your mother’s country and it

shall receive you dead; but beware of the riddle

of the young children.” !

Hearing this, it is said, he hesitated to go to Ios,

and remained in the region where he was. Now

| about the same time Ganyctor was celebrating the

' funeral rites of his father Amphidamas, king of

} Kuboea, and invited to the gathering not only all

those who were famous for bodily strength and

fleetness of foot, but also those who excelled in

wit, promising them great rewards. And so, as the

story goes, the two went to Chalcis and met by

1 sc. the riddle of the fisher-boys which comes at the end

of this work. \

571

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

ANG ov els THY Xankida. TOD b€ ay@VvOS ANNOL Te

TUDES TOV eT LON LOY XanrK.oéov éxab éCovro KpLTal

Kab per AUT OV Ilavetdns, adedpos @V TOU TETEAEU-

TNKOTOS. apo épov 6¢ TOV TOUNT OY Javpacras

GYOVLT A [LEVOV viKnoat pace TOV ‘Hotosov TOV Tp0-

TOV TOUTOV _TpoehOovra Yap els TO péoov Tuv-

Gavecbar Tov ‘Opnpov Kao’ ev Exacrop, TOV O€

“Opnpov atroxpivac0a. dnatv odv “Haiobdos-

Tie MeédqTos, " ‘Onnpe, Jeav c amo pun Sea elas,

el’ dye por wadumpwra, TL péptatov éatt

Bporotow;

OMHPOS

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dovta © Stas okioTa TUAaAS Atdao Te pije at.

316 “Hoiodos ro PevTRP OY:

Ein’ dye pot Kal TovTo, Oeots émveixen “Ounpe,

Ti Ovyntois KaANLGTOV oieat év dpeol eivas;

0 0é

‘Onror’ av evppocvvn pev éyn Kata Shpov

atTavrTa,

Sart upoves Oo ava Sopar’ axovdtwvras dordod

TPEvor efeins, mapa dé TrANGoOot TpameSau

ciTou Kaul Kpec@D, peu So eK KpnThpos abioowv

otvox 00s popence Kal eyxeln Semadeoow.

TOUTO Ti Ol KANXNLO TOV EvL Ppeoiv EldeTat Eivat.

‘Pndévtwv dé TOUTOV TOV €TOV, OUTW apodpas

pact CavpacOhvas vm0 TOV “EXAHV@V TOUS ori

ous @ore xpuaods avTous TpoaayopevO vat, Kal

ETL Kal vov év Talis Kowwats Ovaotas 70 TOV bet

TVOV Kab GTTOVO@V TpoKaTevKecOaL TaVTAaS. oO Oé

572

pees

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

ehance. The leading Chalcidians were judges: to-

gether with Paneides, the brother of the dead king ;

and it is said that after a wonderful contest between

the two poets, Hesiod won in the following manner :

he came forward into the midst and put Homer one

question after another, which Homer answered.

Hesiod, then, began :

“Homer, son of Meles, inspired with wisdom

from heaven, come, tell me first what is best for

mortal man ?”’

HOMER

“For men on earth ‘tis best never to be born at

_ all; or being born, to pass through the gates of

Hades with all speed.”

Hesiod then asked again :

“Come, tell me now this also, godlike Homer:

what think you in your heart is most delightsome

to men?”

Homer answered :

“When mirth reigns throughout the town, and

feasters about the house, sitting in order, listen to

a minstrel; when the tables beside them are laden

with bread and meat, and a wine-bearer draws sweet

drink from the mixing-bow] and fills the cups: this

I think in my heart to be most delightsome.”

It is said that wken Homer had recited these

verses, they were so admired by the Greeks as to be

called golden by them, and that even now at public

sacrifices all the guests solemnly recite them before

feasts and libations. Hesiod, however, was annoyed

573

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

‘Hoiodos axGeabels € emt TH ‘Opnpou eunwepig em

THY TOV aT ope a@ppnoey errepoTnaw Kat dnor

TOUGOE TOUS oe

Modo" aye! wor Ta T €oVvTA Ta T eooomEeva TPO

T cova,

TOV pev ponoev delde, VO AANNS pean dordis.

6 6€ “Opnpos, Bovropevos axoXovO@s TO dropov

Avoal, eager |

Ovse TOT appt Acos TUB Kavaxnmoves ¢ irmoe

appara cvvtpiovaw épitovtes Tept vixns.

Karas 6€ cal ey TOUTOLS ATAVTHT AVTOS éml TAs

apptBorovs yVOMasS Oppnoev 0 ‘Hatodos, Kat

TreELovas OTivoUs NEYO ngtov Kal’ &va ExaaTov

Tuppeoves arroxpivacbat TOV “Opmpov. eoTLy ouv

O ev TPOTOS ‘How0dov, o 0 dé efis ‘Opnpou, eviore

d€ Kal O1a Ovo oTIX@Y THY ETEPOTNOLY TOLOUMEVOV

tov Hozodov:

HSIOAOS

Acitvov él eidovto Bowy Kpéa, Kavyévas

(TT WV

OMHPOS

"ExAvov lop@ovTas, émet ToAEM“OLO KOpEeaO nv.

H3IOAOZ

317 Kai Ppoyes, ot TavT@y avdpov él vnuoly

AploToL |

OMHPOS

"Avdpdot Anicthpow én’ axths Soptrov édéc Oa.

HSIOAOS

Xepot Paréwov tovs? otrAwv? kata gira

yeyavTov

1 MSS. : & yé wot, Flach. 2 Nietzsche : iotow, MS.

° Rzach : 4\Awy, MS.

574

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

| by Homer’s felicity and hurried on to pose him with

hard questions. He therefore began with the fol-

| lowing lines:

“Come, Muse; sing not to me of things that are,

or that shall be, or that were of old; but think of

another song.”’

Then Homer, wishing to escape from the impasse

_. by an apt answer, replied :—

“ Never shall horses with clattering hoofs break

chariots, striving for victory about the tomb of Zeus.”’

- Here again Homer had fairly met Hesiod, and so

. the latter turned to sentences of doubtful meaning 4

he recited many lines and required Homer to com-

plete the sense of each appropriately. The first of the

following verses is Hesiod’s and the next Homer's:

but sometimes Hesiod puts his question in two lines.

HESIOD

“Then they dined on the flesh of oxen and their

horses’ necks—”

3 HOMER

“They unyoked dripping with sweat, when they

had had enough of war.”

HESIOD

“ And the 28 ama who of all men are handiest

at ships—

HOMER

“To filch their dinner from pirates on the

beach.”

HESIOD

«To shoot forth arrows against the tribes of cursed

giants with his hands—’”’

1 The verses of Hesiod are called doubtful in meaning

because they are, if taken alone, either incomplete or

absurd.

575

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

OMHPOS

‘Hpakréns arérucey ar’ @Omov KapTourNa Toe.

HS1IOAOS 3

Odtos avip avipds 7 aya0od Kat avarKiOos ett

®@

OMHPOS

Myrpos, ézet modepnos yareTos Tana yuvaréiv.

HSIOAOS

Avtap? cot ye waTnp émiyn Kab TOTLLA ponTNpP

OMHPOS ql

LOua TO ye” omretpavtTe Ota Ypuaenv Adpooitny.

HSIOAOS

Av’tap érel dunOn yauo “Aptews tovéatpa

OMHPOS

KadNot® Katérepvev am’ apyupéoto Broto.

H=IOAOS

Os of pev Saivuvto Tavypepot, obdev EXOVTES

OMHPOS :

318 Olxodev: adr Tapetyev dvaé avdpav Ayapée- —

LVOV. |

HSIOAOS

a uA n > /

Acinvoy demvncartes evi o700@ ailadoéaon

/ b J \ N a

ovAXeyov oaotéa AevKa Atos KaTaTeOyvnwTOS

OMHPOS

Ilasdos brepO tov Yapirnoovos avTéoo.

HSIOAOS

“Hyets & Au mredtov S1poév Troy uevot AVTWS |

lowev €k VN@V OOOV aud WMoLTLV EXOVTES

1 Ludwich : ovr’ &p, MS, 2 rére, Flach.

57 | (

- dite.”

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

HOMER

“ Heracles unslung his curved bow from his

- shoulders.”’

HESIOD |

“This man is the son of a brave father and a

a weakling—”’

HOMER

“ Mother; for war is too stern for any woman.”

: HESIOD

“ But for you, your father and lady mother lay in

— love—”

HOMER

“ When mor begot you by the aid of oe Aphro-

HESIOD

“ But when she had been made subject in love,

_ Artemis, who delights in arrows—”

_ HOMER

“ Slew Callisto with a shot of her silver bow.”’

HESIOD

*€ So they feasted all day long, taking nothing—”

HOMER

“From their own houses ; for Agamemnon, king

of men, supplied them.”’

HESIOD

«“ When they had feasted, they gathered among

the aes ashes the bones os the dead Zeus-”’

HOMER

« Born ei, that bold and godlike man.’

HESIOD

“ Now we have lingered thus about the plain of

| Simois, forth from the ships let us go our way, upon

| our shoulders—”

577

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

OMHPOS

Pacyava KwTHevtTa Kal atyavéas Sodkvyavrovs.

H3IOAOS |

Pei 39) A an

An TOT aptoThes KovpoL yeipecot DadXacons

OMHPOS

ays > VA b) / 3 he n

TMEVOL ETTUMLEVWS TE ATELPYTAaY WKVAXOV VadY.

H310A02

Konryid’ érevt’ jryovto Kat ei Bacirfa !

OMHPOX

Devbyov, rel yiyvwoxkov avéatiov nO abeusortor.

| H3I0A0%

Avtap émel onmeiody Te Kat éKTrLOV oldpa

Jaracons

OMHPOS

[lovtovropety HuedAov evocéApov ETL VNODV.

cy H=1OAOS

319 Totow S&S ’Atpeidns peyar’ evyeto tacw

oréabar*

OMHPOS

f on) f \ J yy 7

Mydémor év TovTw, Kal dwvnaas Eros Hoa:

H3IOAOz

"Eo Ger, @ Eeivor, Kat mivere® pndé Tis Upméewy

olkacde voothoee hidAnv és TaTpioa yatav

OMHPOX

TTyflinddets AN adtis amnpmoves oixad tkocbe.

IIpos TavTa dé Tov Opnpov Karas dmavrycavtos

Tadw dyotv o Hatodos:

1 Flach follows Nietzsche in transposing this and the

following verse and in reading é7e.@” {ovro.

2 Goettling’s arrangement: Flach assigns the three fol-

lowing verses also to Hesiod.

578

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

HOMER

¢ Having our hilted swords and long-helved spears. ”’

HESIOD

| Then the young heroes with their hands from the

i) sea—”

{ HOMER

“ Gladly and swiftly hauled out their fleet ship.”

* HESIOD

“Then they came to Colchis and king Aétes—’”’

HOMER,

= They avoided ; for they knew he was iihgapitabte

} and lawless.”

: HESIOD

} _ “Now when they had poured libations and deeply

|} drunk, the surging sea—”

HOMER

“They were minded to traverse on well-built ships.”

3 HESIOD

Bs¢The Son of Atreus prayed greatly for them that

C Sy all might perish—’’

beg HOMER

« At no time in the sea: and he opened his mouth

| and said:”’

HESIOD

_ “Hat, my guests, and drink, and may no one of

|| you return home to his dear country—”

HOMER

| “ Distressed ; but may you all reach home again

| unscathed.”

} When Homer had met him fairly on every point

| Hesiod said :

PP 2

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

Tovto te 6 woe povvoy eetpopev@ KaTAXEEOD,

mooco. au Arpeidnow és "Idtov AAOov Ayatot;

0 O€ Sta AOyLoTLKOD TPCBAHpaTOS aToKpiveTaL

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Tpts O€ TpLnKocLoL Trept ev Kpéas Haav Avyatoil.

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eo Xapov ovoay TEVTNKOVTA, OPEMoKOL YivoVTAL

TEVTAKOGLOL Kal yirLddes B', Kpe@v Sé Sexadvo

pHupiddes Besvie

Kata wavta 8) Tod ‘Opnpou UTEPTEPOUVTOS

d0ovayv o “Hatodos apxetat Tad:

320° Te Meanros’ ‘Ounp, eitep tiua@at ce Movoa,

@S oyos; trviototo Avs peryaroto Ouyarpes,

Nefov [€T pov evappHolov, ¢ 6 TL 07 Ovnroicr

KAaNMOTOV TE Kal EYOLa TOV: TOEW yap aKovoaL.

CRS

0 6€ hyct:

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Ilas dv dptor’ oixoivto Tones Kal ev OEct

qWoLols;

1 Flach, following Nietzsche, marks a lacuna after this

line.

530

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

“ Only tell me this thing that I ask: How many

Achaeans went to Ilium with the sons of Atreus?”’

gq Homer answered in a mathematical problem,

thus:

“There were fifty hearths, and at each hearth

were fifty spits, and on each spit were fifty carcases,

and there were thrice three hundred Achaeans to

each joint.”

This is found to be an incredible number; for

as there were fifty hearths, the number of spits is

two thousand five hundred; and of carcasses, one

hundred and twenty thousand .. .

Homer, then, having the advantage on every

point, Hesiod was jealous and began again:

“ Homer, son of Meles, if indeed the Muses,

ifs daughters of great Zeus the most high, honour you

as it is said, tell me a standard that is both best

and worst for mortal-men; for I long to know it.”

Homer replied : “‘ Hesiod, son of Dius, I am willing

to tell you what you command, and very readily will

I answer you. For each man to be a standard to

himself is most excellent for the good, but for the

bad it is the worst of all things. And now ask me

whatever else your heart desires.”

HESIOD

“) / / € \ sf

ovte K “A@nvain Aaogo00s. ob yap apiaTot

cpwvOevtes Tpaas TE KL “Extopa Otov Eptpvov

ppagavres Sopu Ooupi, aK0s cael pole

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paxpats, as etxyov Taperix poas. doce © apepdev

avyn xanKein KopvO@V ATrO NapTOmEevawV

Ocpnxeov TE YEOo UKTOV cAaKewV TE PAELVOV

épKopevev avers. bara Kev Opacvedpouos el,

Os TOTE ynOnoeLEeY (OMY TOVOY OVO AKAXOLTO.

584

|

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

After these verses had been spoken, all the

i Hellenes called for Homer to be crowned. But

| King Paneides bade each of them recite the finest

} passage from his own poems. Hesiod, therefore,

| began! as follows :

“When the Pleiads, the shee of Atlas, begin

I) to rise begin the harvest, and begin ploughing ere

bi they set. For forty nights and days they are hidden,

| but appear again as the year wears round, when first

if the sickle is sharpened. This is the law of the

| plains and for those who dwell near the sea or live

} in the rich-soiled valleys, far from the wave-tossed

} deep: strip to sow, and strip to plough, and strip to

} reap when all things are in season.”’

Then Homer ?:

“The ranks stood firm about the two Aiantes,

} such that not even Ares would have scorned them

} had he met them, nor yet Athena who saves armies.

} For there the chosen best awaited the charge of the

} Trojans and noble Hector, making a fence of spears

} and serried shields. Shield closed with shield, and

} helm with helm, and each man with his fellow, and

| the peaks of their head-pieces with crests of horse-

| hair touched as they bent their heads: so close they

| stood together. The murderous battle bristled with

| _ the long, flesh-rending spears they held, and ‘the

| flash of bronze from polished helms and new-

| burnished breast-plates and gleaming shields blinded

| the eyes. Very hard of heart would he have been,

| who could then have seen that strife with joy and

| felt no pang.”

1 Works and Days, 383-392.

2 Iliad xiii. 126-133, 339-344.

585

CONTEST OF HOMER AND ie vik

Oavudcaytes O€ Ka év TOUT® Tov" Opnpov oi

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adehony avtav poryevew Tov Hotodov, atroxtet-

586 |

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

Here, again, the Hellenes applauded Homer

i: admiringly, so far did the verses exceed the

| ordinary level; and demanded that he should be

| adjudged the winner. But the king gave the crown |

|| to Hesiod, declaring that it was right that he who

called upon men to follow peace and husbandry

should have the prize rather than one who dwelt on

} war and slaughter. In this way, then, we are told,

} Hesiod gained the victory and received a brazen

|| tripod which he dedicated to the Muses with this

inscription :

““Hesiod dedicated this tripod to the Muses of

Helicon after he had conquered divine Homer at.

: ~ Chalcis in a contest of song.”

After the gathering was dispersed, Hesiod crossed

to the mainland and went to Delphi to consult the

7 oracle and to dedicate the first fruits of his victory to

|} the god. They say that as he was approaching the

| temple, the prophetess became inspired and said: |

“Blessed is this man who serves my house,—

Hesiod, whe is honoured by the deathless Muses :

surely his renown shall be as wide as the light of

dawn is spread. But beware of the pleasant grove

| ' of Nemean Zeus; for there death’s end is destined

to befall you.”’

When Hesiod heard this oracle, he kept away

from the Peloponnesus, supposing that the god

‘| meant the Nemea there; and coming to Oenocé in

Locris, he stayed with Amphiphanes and Ganyctor

the sons of Phegeus, thus unconsciously fulfilling the

oracle; for all that region was called the sacred

place of Nemean Zeus. He continued to stay a

somewhat long time at Oenoé, until the young men,

suspecting Hesiod of seducing their sister, killed

587

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Stephanus).

588

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CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

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Westermann: EtdSolas, MS.

So MS.: ‘Plov ayvelas, Flach (after Nietzsche).

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CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

him and cast his body into the sea which separates

Achaea and Locris. On the third day, however, his

body was brought to land by dolphins while some

local feast of Ariadne was being held. There-

} upon, all the people hurried to the shore, and

recognizing the body, lamented over it and buried

it, and then began to look for the assassins. But

these, fearing the anger of their countrymen,

launched a fishing boat, and put out to sea for Crete:

they had finished half their voyage when Zeus sank

them with a thunderbolt, as Alcidamas states in his

Museum. Eratosthenes, however, says in his Hesiod

that Ctimenus and Antiphus, sons of Ganyctor,

} killed him for the reason already stated, and were

} sacrificed by Eurycles the seer to the gods of

| hospitality. He adds that the girl, sister of the

_ above-named, hanged herself after she had been

seduced, and that she was seduced by some stranger,

| Demodes by name, who was travelling with Hesiod,

| and who was also killed by the brothers. At a

later time the men of Orchomenus removed his body

as they were directed by an oracle, and buried him

in their own country where they placed this in-

| scription on his tomb:

“ Asera with its many cornfields was his native

land; but in death the land of the horse-driving

Minyans holds the bones of Hesiod, whose renown

is greatest among men of all who are judged by the

test of wit.”

So much for Hesiod. But Homer, after losing the

589

324

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

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590

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

victory, went from place to place reciting his poems ;

|| and first of all the Thebais in seven thousand verses

| which begins: “Goddess, sing of parched Argos

| whence kings... ,” and then the Epigoni in seven

| thousand verses beginning: “ And now, Muses, let

|| us begin to sing of men of later days” ; for some say

| that these poems also are by Homer. Now Xanthus

| and Gorgus, son of Midas the king, heard his epics

} and invited him to compose a epitaph for the tomb

| ‘of their father on which was a bronze figure of a

} maiden bewailing the death of Midas. He wrote

| the following lines :—

“‘T am a maiden of bronze and sit upon the tomb

| of Midas. While water flows, and tall trees put

| forth leaves, and rivers swell, and the sea breaks on

: the shore; while the sun rises and shines and the

| bright moon also, ever remaining on this mournful

| tomb I tell the passer-by that Midas here lies

| buried.”

} For these verses they gave him a silver bowl

+ which he dedicated to Apollo at Delphi with this

| inscription: “ Lord Phoebus, I, Homer, have given

} you a noble gift for the wisdom I have of you: do

| you ever grant me renown.”

|| . After this he composed the Odyssey in twelve

| thousand verses, having previously written the Iliad

in fifteen thousand five hundred verses.!’ From

} Delphi, as we are told, he went to Athens and was

} entertained by Medon, king of the Athenians. And

| being one day in the council hall when it was cold

1 The accepted text of the Ziad contains 15,693 verses ;

| that of the Odyssey, 12,110.

591

325

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

| / / ret Y \ /

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Yous"

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1 This and the preceding line are not found in the received

text.

592

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

| sand a fire was burning there, he threw off the

| following lines :

“ Children are a man’s crown, and towers of a city,

horses are the ornament of a plain, and ships of the

sea ; and good it is to seea people seated in assembly.

But with a blazing fire a house looks worthier upon a

wintry day when the Son of Cronos sends down snow.”

From Athens he went on to Corinth, where he

sang snatches of his poems and was received with

distinction. Next he went to Argos and there

recited these verses from the /iad!:

“The sons of the Achaeans who held Argos and

walled Tiryns, and Hermione and Asine which lie

along a deep bay, and Troezen, and Eiones, and vine-

clad Epidaurus, and the island of Aegina, and Mases,

—these followed strong-voiced Diomedes, son of

Tydeus, who had the spirit of his father the son of

Oeneus, and Sthenelus, dear son of famous Capaneus.

And with these two there went a third leader,

i EKurypylus, a godlike man, son of the lord Mecisteus,

sprung of Talaiis; but strong-voiced Diomedes was

their chief leader. These men had eighty dark ships

wherein were ranged men skilled in war, Argives

with linen jerkins, very goads of war.”

This praise of their race by the most famous of

all poets so exceedingly delighted the leading Ar-

: gives, that they rewarded him with costly gifts and

1 ii, 559-568 (with two additional verses).

593

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

wendieiuess Swpeats ériunoa, EiKOva O€ yanr-

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1 Koechly : am ’Apradlns, MS. (so Flach).

594

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

| set up a brazen statue to him, decreeing that sacrifice

should be offered to Homer daily, monthly, and

yearly ; and that another sacrifice should be sent to

Chios every five years. This is the inscription they

cut upon his statue :

“This is divine Homer who by his sweet-voiced

| : art honoured all proud Hellas, but especially the

| anything?”

Argives who threw down the god-built walls of :

Troy to avenge rich-haired Helen. For this cause

the people of a great city set his statue here and

serve him with the honours of the deathless gods.”

After he had stayed for some time in Argos, he

crossed over to Delos, to the great assembly, and

there, standing on the altar of horns, he recited the

_ Hymn to Apollo* which begins: “I will remember

and not forget Apollo the far-shooter.” When the

hymn was ended, the Ionians made him a citizen of

each one of their states, and the Delians wrote

the poem on a whitened tablet and dedicated it in

' the temple of Artemis. The poet sailed to Ios,

after the assembly was broken up, to join Creophylus,

_ and stayed there some time, being now an old man.

And, it is said, ashe was sitting by the sea he asked

some boys who were returning from fishing :

«Sirs, hunters of deep-sea prey, have we caught

+ Homeric Hymns, iii. ©

; 595

QQ 2

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

elTrovt@p O€ éxelvav

“Ooo éopev AuTOper?’, doa 8 ovy EXopev

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as pact, TehevTG. kat éradn ev “I@. éote be TO

ériypappa Téde

"Ev ade THY tepny Kearny KATA yata Kahvaret,

avepav jpwewrv Koopntopa, Beto" ‘Opnpov.

596

CONTEST OF HOMER AND HESIOD

To this they replied :

“ All that we caught, we left behind, and carry

away all that we did not catch.”

Homer did not understand this reply and asked

|| what they meant. They then explained that they

| had caught nothing in fishing, but had been

| catching their lice, and those of the lice which they

| caught, they left behind; but carried away in their

_ clothes those which they did not catch. Hereupon

| Homer remembered the oracle and, perceiving that

|} the end of his life had come composed his own

| epitaph. And while he was retiring from that place,

| he slipped in a clayey place and fell upon his side,

} q and died, it is said, the third day after. He was

} buried in Ios, and this is his epitaph:

“ Here the earth covers the sacred head of divine

Homer, the glorifier of hero-men.”

597

| ©Buboea, 273 :

_ Acamas, s. of Theseus, 523

| Acaste, 105, 319

| Acastus, k. of Tolcus, plots the death

| of Peleus, 185

_ Achaea, 183, 265, 589

0.0.41) MD a S19

197; in Crete, 275, 495, 507, 515,

519, 521, 523, 581, 593.

|| Acheloiis (tiver’in Aetolia), 105

i e 4 Achilles, XX 5

shield of —, xxiv,

_ xxvi, xxx; death of —, xxxi ;

contest for arms of —, XXxi,

xxxli; quarrels with Agamem-

NOG. eee | Seva; 8. OF

Peleus and Thetis, 153, 189; edue

cated by Chiron, 199: wounds

Telephus, marries Deidameia,

heals Telephus, 493; quarrels

with Agamemnon, desires to see

Helen, receives Briseis as a prize,

495 ; enraged with Agamemnon,

503, "507: slain by Paris, arms of

—_ "awarded to Odysseus, 509 ;

ghost of — appears to Neopto-

lemus, 511; reaches Scyros, 513,

519; Polyxena sacrificed to —,

523; ghost of — warns Agamem-

non and the Achaeans, 527

} Acmon (one of the Cercopes), 539

| Acria, 261

Acrias, 261

Acrisius, f. of Danaé, 169

| - Actaea, 97

| Actor, 161; f. of Protesilaiis, 195

HESIOD.

INDEX

= daughter, daughters.

Ss. = son. k.=

W. = wife.

king.

Acusilatis, 273; s. of Odysseus and

Penelope, 533

Admete, 105, 310

Admetus, 213 n., 2638, 265; 8. of

Augeias, 517

Adonis, s. of Phoenix, 171

Adrastus, xxix, 173, 217, 485 and

Foran 153; and the Myrmidons,

185, 187; sons of —, 277

Acétes, s. of Helios, 151; f. of

Medea, 153, 209; 271, 579

Aega, 175

a 327; Poseidon lord of —,

Aegaeon, s. of Earth and Sea, aids

the Titans, 481

Aegeum, Mt., 115

Aegeus, f. of "Theseus, 233

Aegimius, doubtful ‘authorship of

the —, xxv, xxix, 271, 273, 275

Aegina, 197, 263, 397, 593

Aegis, the —, 149, 251

Aegis- wearing, passim

Aegisthus, xxxili, 191;

Agamemnon, 527

Aegle, wedded to Theseus, 207; a

Hesperid, 281

Aegyptus, 167, 287

Aéllo (a Harpy), 99

Aéllopus (a th = foregoing), 179

Aeneas, s. of Anchises and Aphro-

dite, 153; significance of name,

419 and n. ; sails with Paris, 491 ;

cattle of — driven off by Achilles,

495; given as a prizeto N eopto-

lemus, and other accounts of —,

599

murders

INDEX

519 and n.; withdraws from

Troy, 52

aes Zeus lord of, 179

Aeolians, their name for the blind,

569

Aeolian, epithet of Smyrna, 469

Aeolic race, sprung from Aeolus,

xxii

Aeolis, xiii, xiv, 49

Acolisms in Hesiod, xiv

Aeolius, 261

Aeolus, g. of Hellen, xxii, 157

Aepy, 355

Aepytus, 209

Aérope, w. of Atreus, 203

Aesagea, "327

Aeschylinus of Pyrrha, f. of Lesches

the Cyclic poet, 517

Aeschylus, 203

Aesepus, 105

Aeson, son of — (Iason), 153, 163 ;

made young by Medea, 527

Aether, s. of Night, 87; f. of

Heaven, 481

Aethiopians, 43 11., 179

Aethiopis (a Cyclic poem), contents

of —, xxxi; by Arctinus of

Miletus, 507, 509

Aéthlius, 161

Aethra (mother of Theseus), 523

Aethusa, 571

Aetna, 141 n.

Aetolia, 157

Africa, 43 0.

Agamedes, Xxxvii; with Tropho-

nius builds temple of Apollo at

Delphi, 345; story of —, 531

Agamemnon, quarrels with Achilles,

death of —, xxxili, 191; woos

Helen for Menelaiis, 193, 195 n. :

s. of Pleisthenes, 203 ; offends

Artemis, 493; quarrels with

Achilles, 495; receives Chryseis

as a prize, 1b. 5 gives feast at

Lemnos, 502n.; daus. of —, 503,

519, 523 ; quarrels with Mene-

laiis about return from Troy,

525; sails from Troy, murdered

by Aegisthus, 527, 577

Aganus, s. of Paris by Helen, 501

Agave, dau. of Nereus, 97 ; dau. of

Cadmus, 151

Age (personified), 95

Ages, the Five — of the world, xvii

Agelaiis, 217

600

Agenor, f. of Phoenix, 171, 517, 519 »

Agias of Troezen, author of the

He dias xxxilil, 525, (as Hegias)

Aglaea (one of the Graces), 145;

wedded to Hephaestus, 149

Aare (one of the Sirens),

Agrius, s. of Odysseus and Circe, 153

Aiantes (the two), 585

Aias (s. of Telamon), contest with

Odysseus, xxxi; madness of —,

XXxii, 197, named after the eagle

sent by. Zeus, 257 and n.; rescues

the body of Achilies, disputes

with Odysseus for arms of Achilles, |

kills himself, madness and death

of —, 509; dispute with Odys- |

seus, ‘burial of —, 513

Aias (8. of Ojileus), Detl Athena,

521; death of —, 527

Aidone us (Pluto), 145, 289, 295;

gives Persephone pomegranate

seed, 315

Aid6és, xxvi, 17 and n.

Alazygus, 189

Alcaeus of Messene, epigram of —

on Hesiod, xvii

Alecaeus, 215, 221.

Alcathoiis, 261

Alcidamas (the

Museum of —,

Alcides, 227

Alcinoiis, 183

Alcmaon, s. of Amphiaratis, 217

Alemene, xxiv ; mother of Heracles

L17,, 149, 219; follows Amphi-

tryon to’ Thebes, 221, 253, 257,

439

Aa (one of the Pleiades), 67,

“Sophist), xli;

89

Alexandrine, Alexandrian, — critic-

ism and Hesiodic poems, xii; —

age, XXViil ; collection of Homeric

Hymns possibly formed in —

period, xxxiv

Alexandrus (Paris) decides the

contest of beauty between the

goddesses, sails to Sparta, para |

off Helen, 491; son of —

Helen, 501; : “slays Achilles, 509.

killed by Philoctetes, 511

Allen (T. W.) and Sikes, Xxxiv,

XXXV N., XxXvilil, xxxix

Aloéus, 157

i) “Alotadae, 157

| Alpheus, 103,

©6871, 372 n., 375, 3

| _ Altes (Homer), 5

_ Althaea (mother fe Meleager), 183,

|| 215, 217 and n.

_ Alus (in Aetolia), 159

| Alycus, slain by Theseus, 501

| Amazon, 507, 509

} - Amphiaraiis, xxix ; sons of —, 193;

14 story of —, 217 and n., 219, 267 ;

| Expedition of — to Thebes attri-

7 buted to Homer, 533

} Amphidamas, funeral games of —,

i Xili, xvi, 51, 517, 571

| Amphidocus, s Ss. of Orchomenus, 283

| Amphilochus, a. 08 Amphiaraiis,

267 ; slain by Apollo, 271

| Amphimachus, 219

a _Amphion, sons of —, 173; builds

| walls of Thebes, 215

| Amphiphanes, murderer of Hesiod,

Xvi, 587

| Amphirho, 105

| Amphitrite, 97,99; present at birth

of Apollo, 331

4 Amphitryon, 103, 221, 223, 225,

me 231, 249, 251, 253

| Ampyee, 233

=o

ar —

ES

| Amyrus, 211

| Amythaon, 163; f. of Melampus,

+ 169; sons of —, 277

i ‘Anaxibia, sister of Agamemnon,

a

} Anchises, xxxviii ; f. of Aeneas, 153;

} loved by Aphrodite, 411, 413, 415,

} 417,419, 421 n.,

| Androgeos: (Burygyes), s. of Minos,

| Andromache, xxvi, 505; given asa

|. prize to Neoptolemus, 519, 523

Antiochus, slain by Memnon, XKX,

me 507% burial of cae)

Antioche, w. of Eurytus, 535

JAntiope, 207, ale

| Antiphus, 589

q Antimachus, Thebais of —, 487 n.

q Antimachus (of Teos), reputed

a Ate oy the Epigoni, xxix

| Anthe, 2

4 nthea, 247

loves Theseus,

218, 219, 287, 355,

|) : INDEX

Anthemoéssa (island of the Sirens),

181

Antron, 325

Apelles, 571

Aphareus, 503

Aphetae (in Magnesia), 255

Aphidna (in Attica), sacked by the

Dioscuri, 501

Aphidnus, k. of Aphidna, 501

Aphrodite, xxxviii, 7, 41, 79;

derivation of her name, 93, 139,

151; carries off Phaéthon, 153,

155, 163, 167 n.; lays curse on

daus. of Tyndareus, 191,193, 221,

223, 259, 297, 339, 407-427

passim; adorned. by the Hours,

427; queen of Salamis and

Cyprus, 435; rivalry with Hera

and Athena, urges Paris to go

to Sparta, 491, 495, 499, 577, and

passum

Apollo, xv and n., xxxvi; born on

a seventh day, 59, 79; patron of

minstrels, 85 ; protector of youth,

105; s. of Zeus and Leto, 145;

f. of Asclepius, 189; slays the

Cyclopes, 191; as prophet, 201 n.;

builds walls of Troy with Posei-

don, 209, 211 n., 213 and n.; slays

Meleager, 217; ‘called Pagasaean,

Boo. Bats plays the lyre amid.

the gods, 935, 253; f. of Chaeron,

259, 261, 271, 275 : Hymns to,

281, 325, 329; claims the lyre,

the bow, and prophetic arts as

prerogatives, 333, 335, 337, 339,

341, 3438, 345; kills the she-

dragon at Delphi, punishes Tel-

phusa, why called Pythian, 351 ;

guides Cretans to Delphi to be

his ministers, 353, 363, 365, 371 ;

seeks cattle stolen by Hermes,

377, 385; pleads against Hermes

before Zeus, 389-391; tries to

bind Hermes, 398, 395; receives

the lyre from Hermes, 399;

gives staff of riches to Hermes,

401, 405; seeks to wed Hestia,

409, 417, 429, 435, 441; temple

of — at Pytho, 449; patron of

minstrels, 451, 453, 489, 507;

aids Paris in slaying Achilles,

509; separates Athena and Ares,

531, 539, 571; dedication to —

by Homer, 591; Homeric Hymn

601

INDEX

to — recited at Delos, 595, and

passim

Apollodorus, 169

Apollonius (of Rhodes) on the Divi-

nation by Birds, xix, 65, 179, 181 ;

eth the Shield of Heracles, 207,

3

AGpGE. "167

Arcadia, 69; Pelasgians in, 175;

Hermes lord of, 363, 441,-445

Arcas, 8. of Callisto and Zeus, 69

Archilochus, xl

Arctinus (of Miletus), possible

author of the Titanomachy, eh Oe

author of the Aethiopis and Sack

of Ilium, xxxi, xxxii, 481, 507,

521, 513, 525

Arcturus, rising of —, 45, 49

Arctus, 223

Ardescus, 105

Areion, the horse of Heracles,

229; the horse of Adrastus, 485

and. n.

Areithotis, 173

Arena, 355

Ares, 13; s. of Zeus and Hera, 147,

149, 183, 205, 207, 215, 219, 225,

227, 233, 243, 245, 249, "O51:

wounded by Heracles, 253, 339,

407; course of — through the

heavens, 433,471, 499,507; f. of

Penthesileia, 509, 511; routs

the army of Odysseus, repelled

ae Athena, 531, 551, 559, 561,

58

Arestor, 261

Arete, w. of Alcinoiis, 183

Argea, peels dau. of Adrastus,

Arges, one of the Cyclopes, 89

Argive, Argives, 193, 197, 199, 257,

487, 593

Argo, 181, 255

Argonauts, xxiii, 175, 181

Argos, 167, 169, 193: (s. of Zeus),

259 ; (3. of Phrixus), 263,

485, 493, 591 ; visit of Homer to

593: decrees honours to

Homer, 595

Argus, watcher of To: 273%

by Hermes, 275

Argus, Slayer of — (Hermes), 318,

315, 339, 369, 385, 391, 393, 415,

421, 425, 441; associated with

FHestia, 455

slain

602

Argyphaea, 355

Ariadne (dau. of Minos), wedded

by Dionysus, 149; deserted by

hig 207, 493; feast of —,

Ae dwelling-place of Kchidna,

Arimi, the, 141 n

Aristaeus, ‘151;

Cyrene, 203

Aristas, 259

Aristarchus, 161

Aristomachus, 261

Aristophanes (of Byzantium), 75

Aristotle, on the Little Iliad, xxxii ;

a the ‘burlesque Homeric poems,

Arnae, 173

Arne, 247, 253

Arsinoé, 189 |

Artemis, XxXxvili, 69, 71, 79; dau. @

of Zeus and Leto, 145, 205 ; ; com-

panion of Persephone, B19 ys

born in Ortygia, 325; hymned

at Delos, 337, 339; unsubdued

by Aphrodite, 407, 415, 415%

drives to meet Apoilo at ’Claros,

435; as huntress, 453; delays

sailing of Greek host to Troy, |

493; transports Iphigenela to —

the land of the Tauri, 495, 505,

ane 577; temple of — at Delos,

Artemisia, queen of Halicarnassus,

xli, 537. |

Asbolus (a Centaur), 233 |

Asclepiades, 189 |

Asclepius, s. of Apollo and Arsinoé, —

189 ; slain by Zeus, 218 ; “healer

of sickness, 441 a

Ascra (in Boeotia), xiii, xiv ; Hesiod |

buried at —, xvi; Hesiod’s father |

settles at —, 51, 567, 589

Asia (dau. of Tethys), 105

Asine (in Laconia), 197, 593

Aspledon, s. of Orchomenus, 283 5 a

AS dau. of Phoebe and Coeus, —

Asterion, k. of the Cretans, 171

Asterope, 0 one of the Pleiades, 67

Astra s..of Crius and Eurybia, |

s. of Apollo and

Astronomy, the for

contents of —, oO |

Astyanax, 8. of 'iettor. killed by |

Astrology),

Neoptolemus, 519; killed by

|. Odysseus, 523 ; death of —, 523

ae R carnols. 517

_ Atalanta, dau. of Schoeneus, 163 ;

} race of — with Hippomenes,

_ xxiii, 165, 167

_ Athamas, 157, 271 n., 281

| Athena, xxxviii, xl; decks Pan-

= dora, 7, 35, 79, 103 ; decks Pan-

dora, 121; dau. of Metis, 143;

born of Metis through head of

Zeus, 147, 149; instructs Eury-

nome, 159, Gl 26a. 4167, 229,

243, 251, 253; birth of —, 347.

407, 413; ; as ‘war-goddess, "437 +

teaches men handicrafts, 447,

453; birth of —, 455, 473 ; rivalry

with Hera and Aphrodite, 491,

497, 499; aids Odysseus to win

the arms of Achilles, 509, 511,

513, 521; plans to destroy the

Greeks, 523 3 causes quarrel

between Agamemnon and Mene-

latis, 525; fights with Ares, 531,

7) @6©>s-5 55, 585,

a Athenaeus, on authorship of the

| Aegimius, xxv, xxix

| Athens, 195; contest in memory

\ of Eurygyes at —, 205, 327, 429

n.; Medea flees from Corinth to

1 —, 535; sacked by the Dioscuri,

a 501: visited by Homer, 591, 593

i Athos, "327

a0 Atlas, f. of the Pleiades, 67; s. of

| #£Japetus, 115; upholds Heaven,

foe 6s117, 138 n., 149, 441

ie Atreidae, 529

| Atreus, 199; grandfather of Aga-

| =memnon ‘and Menelaiis, 203 ;

We sons of —, 277, 529 n., 579, 581

| Atropos, 95 and n., 145 ; chief of

1] . the Fates, 239

me Attic, xxxvi

‘| Attica, 501

| Augeas, 531

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