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AP Statistics

AP Review – Probability

1) Which of these situations has equally likely outcomes?

I. A chicken can eat feed from Dish A or Dish B

II. A fair coin can land on heads or tails

III. A batter can strike, hit, or foul

A) I only

B) II only

C) III only

D) I and II only

E) II and III only

2) You roll a die once. Which of the following statements is false?

A) The events “roll a 3” and “roll a five” are mutually exclusive.

B) The probability of the event “roll a 3 or roll a 5” is 1/3.

C) The events “roll a 3” and “roll a five” are independent.

D) The probabilities of the events “roll a 3” and “roll a five” are equal.

E) All are true statements.

3) The probability that a white adult man with a high white blood cell count contracts leukemia is 0.35. A proper interpretation of this probability is:

A) There’s a 35% that a randomly selected white adult man will contract leukemia.

B) Three out of every five white adult men with a high white blood cell count will contract leukemia.

C) There’s a 65% chance that a randomly selected white adult man with a high white blood cell count will contract leukemia.

D) We’d expect that in a sample of 100 white adult men with high white blood cell counts, 35 will contract leukemia.

E) None of the above.

4) Which of the following are true?

I. Two events are mutually exclusive if they can’t both occur at the same time.

II. Two events are independent if the have the same probability.

III. An event and its complement have probabilities that always add to 1.

A) I only

B) II only

C) III only

D) I and II only

E) I and III only

5) You flip four coins. What’s the probability of getting exactly two heads? At least two heads?

A) 1/8, 5/8

B) 1/8, 1/4

C) 3/8, 1/4

D) 3/8, 11/16

E) 3/16, 11/16

For questions 6 & 7: You have two specially created dice. Each die has six sides. The first die has the numbers {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11} on the sides and the second die has the numbers {2, 4, 8, 10, 11, 15} on the sides.

6) Which of the following would not represent an instance of independent events when using the two specially created dice?

A) An odd number on the 1st die AND an odd number on the 2nd die

B) A 9 on the 1st die AND a sum of 19 on the two dice combined

C) A 2 on the 1st die AND a value greater than 10 on the 2nd die

D) An even number on the 1st die AND a 15 on the 2nd die

E) All are examples of independent events.

7) What is the probability that the sum of the two specially created dice is greater than or equal to 20?

A) .000 D) .056

B) .250 E) .108

C) .194

8) In John’s closet we find: 3 shirts (1 blue, 1 red, 1 black), 2 pairs of pants (1 blue, 1 black), and 2 pairs of shoes (1 blue, 1 black). What is the probability that John wears an outfit of all the same color?

A) .167 D) .667

B) .333 E) This probability can’t be

C) .417 computed.

9) You have 11 different cards with colors on both sides of the card.

Card 1: green & green Card 2: green & blue

Card 3: green & red Card 4: red & red

Card 5: green & green Card 6: green & blue

Card 7: green & black Card 8: black & black

Card 9: red & red Card 10: green & red

Card 11: black & green

Which of the following events has the greatest probability?

A) Selecting a card with a red face

B) The other side of a green card isn’t green

C) Selecting a card with the same color on both faces

D) Selecting a card with no green faces

E) The other side of a red card is also red

10) One card is randomly selected from a standard 52-card deck. Find the probability that the card is an ace or a black card.

A) 1/26 D) 15/26

B) 1/13 E) 1/2

C) 7/13

11) You roll a black die and a white die.

P(black die shows 6 or white die shows 2) =

A) (1/6)(1/6) D) 1/6 + 1/6 – 1/36

B) 1/3 E) 1/6 + 1/6 – 2/36

C) 1/6 + 1/6

12) Which of the following are true?

I. If events A & B are independent, P(A or B) = P(A) × P(B)

II. If events A & B are independent, P(A) = P(A|B)

III. If A & B are independent, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A & B)

A) I only

B) II only

C) III only

D) I and II only

E) II and III only

For questions 13-15: A 2012 poll conducted by the University of Montana classified respondents by the region of the state in which they lived and their political party affiliation.

| |Democrat |Republican |Independent |Total |

|West |39 |17 |12 |68 |

|Northeast |15 |30 |12 |57 |

|Southeast |30 |31 |16 |77 |

|Total |84 |78 |40 |202 |

If a person is selected at random from this group,

13) what is the probability the person is from the northeast or is an independent?

A) .28 D) .42

B) .20 E) .06

C) .48

14) what is the probability the person is from the northeast and is an independent?

A) .28 D) .42

B) .20 E) .06

C) .48

15) what is the probability that if the person is from the northeast they are an independent?

A) .21 D) .28

B) .30 E) .20

C) .06

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