Physics.gmu.edu



Name:____________________Honors 227FALL 2015Examination #1All questions are equally weighted. Select the option that best answers the question and record your answer on the Scantron card.1.Which of the following statements best describes the process of doing science?A.A linear process starting with observation and following several other rigidly defined steps.B.A continuous process by which people learn about the physical universe and share their knowledge with others.C.A process that allows scientists to report findings in such a way that experiments remain known only to the original experimenters.D.A process that allows a scientist to ethically discard the results of an experiment and repeat the experiment when the results of an experiment do not fit the hypothesis.E.A process that has no connection to the way people conduct their lives every day.2.A scientific theory is best described as being _____.A.an educated guessB.a statement that describes how a natural system behavesC.a precise mathematical equationD.based on key laws of universal behavior E.an untested hypothesis3.Which measurement of an average classroom door is closest to 2 meters?A.ThicknessB.WidthC.HeightD.Surface areaE.Volume4.The magnitude of the force that a baseball player exerts with a 1 kilogram baseball bat on a 0.1 kilogram ball is measured to be 60 Newtons. What is the magnitude of the force that the ball exerts on the bat?A.1 NewtonB.6 NewtonsC.10 NewtonsD.60 NewtonsE.100 Newtons5.A group of bicycle riders took a 3 hour trip. During the first 2 hours they traveled a total of 40 kilometers. During the last hour they traveled an additional 10 kilometers. Which of the following values is closest to the group’s average speed for the entire trip?A.10 km/hrB.16.67 km/hrC.20 km/hrD.25 km/hrE.40 km/hr6.Which two terms represent a vector quantity and the scalar quantity of the vector’s magnitude, respectively?A.acceleration and velocityB.weight and forceC.speed and timeD.velocity and speedE.time and distanceBoxF1F2BoxF1F27.In the diagram above, a box is on a frictionless horizontal surface with forces F1 and F2 acting as shown. If the magnitude of F1 is greater than the magnitude of F2, then the box is _____.A.moving at constant speed in the direction of F1B.moving at constant speed in the direction of F2C.accelerating in the direction of F1D.accelerating in the direction of F2E.not moving at all8.Again using diagram above, a box is on a frictionless horizontal surface with forces F1 and F2 acting as shown. If the magnitude of F1 is equal to the magnitude of F2, then the box is _____.A.moving at constant speed in the direction of F1B.moving at constant speed in the direction of F2C.accelerating in the direction of F1D.accelerating in the direction of F2E.not moving in either direction9.A 50 kilogram rock and a 1 kilogram stone fall freely from rest from a height of 1000 meters. After they fall for 2 seconds, the ratio of the rock’s speed to the stone’s speed is ______.A.1 to 1B.1 to 2C.2 to 1D.5 to 1E.50 to 110.When a satellite is a distance R from the center of Earth, the force due to gravity on the satellite is F. What is the force due to gravity on the satellite when its distance from the center of the Earth is 4R?A.9 FB.4 FC.F / 4D.F / 9E.F / 1611.The speed of a car is increased uniformly from 10 meters per second to 50 meters per second in 4 seconds. Which of the following is closest to the magnitude of the car’s acceleration?A.50 m/s2B.12.5 m/s2C.2.5 m/s2D.10 m/s2E.40 m/s212.The metric unit of a Joule (J) is a unit of _____.A.potential energyB.workC.kinetic energyD.All of the above (A, B, and C) are measured in Joules.E.None of the above (A, B, and C) are measured in Joules.13.Which statement is true about the concept of power?A.Power is the distance over which work is done.B.Power is the time at which energy is expended.C.Power is the work done per unit time.D.All of the above (A, B, and C) can be said about power.E.None of the above (A, B, and C) is true about power.14.A kilowatt-hour is a unit of _____.A.powerB.workC.timeD.areaE.volume15.Which of the following best describes the law of conservation of energy?A.Energy must not be used up faster than it is created or the supply will run out.B.Energy can be neither created nor destroyed.C.Energy is conserved because it is easily destroyed.D.Conservation is a law describing how to destroy matter.E.Energy conservation is a law recently passed by Congress.16.What is the work done by applying a force of 50 Newtons on a 200 kilogram object over a distance of 10 meters?A.500 JoulesB.1,000 JoulesC.2,000 JoulesD.5,000 JoulesE.10,000 Joules17.What is the power consumed by a 400 Joules energy source in 4 seconds?A.400 WattsB.100 WattsC.6.67 WattsD.40 WattsE.25 Watts18.What is the kinetic energy of a ball of mass 200 grams thrown with a velocity of 20 meters per second?A.4,000 JoulesB.40 JoulesC.80 JoulesD.40,000 JoulesE.20,000 Joules19.Absolute zero is best described as the temperature at which _____.A.water freezes at standard temperature and pressure.B.water boils at standard temperature and pressure.C.the molecules of a substance have maximum kinetic energy.D.water can be found to be either gas, liquid or solid.E.the molecules of a substance have minimum kinetic energy.20.Heat will always flow from object B to object A if object B has a higher _____.A.massB.total energyC.temperatureD.weightE.specific heat21.The heat transfer that takes place by energy moving directly from molecule to molecule is called ____.A.conductionB.convectionC.radiationD.All of the aboveE.None of the above22.As a solid undergoes a phase change to a liquid state, it _____.A.releases heat while remaining at a constant temperature.B.absorbs heat while remaining at a constant temperature.C.releases heat as the temperature decreases.D.absorbs heat as the temperature increases.E.always has the same amount of heat.23.The time required for a vibrating object to complete one full cycle is the ____.A.frequencyB.amplitudeC.periodD.NewtonE.Watt24.The units of cycles per second is called a ____.A.WattB.HertzC.AmpD.voltE.Coulumb25.The characteristic of a wave that is responsible for what you interpret as pitch is the wave’s _____.A.amplitudeB.altitudeC.frequencyD.heightE.None of the above relates to pitch26.An astronomer on Earth studying light coming from a star notes that the observed light frequencies are higher than the actual emitted frequencies. The astronomer concludes that the distance between the star and the Earth is ____.A.decreasingB.increasingC.unchangingD.not able to be determinedE.imaginary27.What is the frequency of a wave if its period is 0.2 second?A.1 HertzB.2 HertzC.5 HertzD.4 HertzE.20 Hertz28.Equal amounts of heat energy are given off by 1 kilogram samples of aluminum (c=0.90), iron (c=0.45), platinum (c=0.13) and zinc (c=0.39). All are initially at 100oC. Which sample has the smallest decrease in temperature?A.aluminumB.ironC.platinumD.zincE.All of the samples would have the same decrease in temperature29. If a theory is challenged by new evidence, which of the following is likely to occur?A.The theory is altered to accommodate the new evidence.B.The theory continues to be accepted, and the evidence is rejected.C.The evidence is suspected of being inaccurate.D.A vote is taken among the scientific community to resolve the issue.30.The difference between and observation and and experiment is that ____.A.some aspect of nature is manipulated in an observation.B.some aspect of nature is manipulated in an experiment.C.there is no difference between an observation and an experiment.D.some aspect of nature is destroyed in an observation.E.observations require sight and experiments do not.31.Which of the following suggests that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting upon it?A.Newton’s 1st Law of MotionB.Newton’s 2nd Law of MotionC.Newton’s 3rd Law of MotionD.Coulomb’s LawE.Doppler Effect32.Which of the following describes the apparent bending of waves around a corner, after passing through an opening?A.ReflectionB.RefractionC.DiffractionD.RelativityE.Snell’s Law33.Which of the following is a unit of electrical current in charges per second?A.VoltB.AmpC.CoulumbD.NegativeE.Rate34.Which of the following describes the apparent shift in the frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or observer?A.Snell’s LawB.Charles’ LawC.Newton’s LawD.Coulomb’s LawE.Doppler Effect35.Which of the following describes the relationship between charge, distance and the electrical force between two objects?A.Snell’s LawB.Charles’ LawC.Newton’s LawD.Coulomb’s LawE.Doppler Effect36.In order to convert from inches to centimeters, what should you do?A.multiply by 2.54B.divide by 2.54C.add 2.54D.subtract 2.54E.raise the inches value to the 2.54 power37.In order to convert from kilometers to meters, what should you do?A.add 1000B.subtract 1000C.divide by 1000D.multiply by 1000E.can't tell from information given38.How do you write 12,300,000 in scientific notation?A.1.23 x 106B.1.23 x 107C.1.23 x 108D.1.23 x 109E.1.23 x 10539.All of the following are moving with a velocity of 10 m/s in the same direction. Which will have the greatest amount of kinetic energy?A.baseball (~200 g)B.bowling ball (~7 kg)C.Ping-Pong ball (~20g)D.soccer ball (~200 g)E.basketball (~400 g)40.From a physics perspective, which of the following represents work being done?A.You attempt to open a jar of pickles but do not succeed.B.You hold an object in one position for three hours.C.You are sitting, watching a movie for two hours.D.You throw a dart at a target.E.All of the above are examples of work.41.An idealized non-motorized roller coaster car starts coasting at the top of one hill, rolls down into a valley and then comes to a stop at the top of a neighboring hill. The top of the neighboring hill is at a lower elevation than the starting point. The best picture of the transfer of total energy, in this case, is described as ____.A.potential to kinetic and back to potentialB.chemical to kinetic and back to potentialC.potential to kinetic and heat, and back to potential and heatD.chemical to heat and back to potentialE.mechanical energy to heat42.When a meteor hits the ground it generates a lot of heat. Which of the following statements best describes this process?A.Elastic potential energy is converted into heat.B.Magnetic energy is converted into heat.C.Chemical energy is converted into heat.D.Electrical potential energy is converted into heat.E.Gravitational potential energy is converted into heat.43.Einstein discovered a formula (E = mc2) that showed that you could get a great deal of energy from ____.A.oil heatB.the edge of the universeC.the Milky Way galaxyD.a small amount of matterE.dropping a large weight44.A bar magnet cut into half will always make ____.A.a North pole magnetB.a South pole magnetC.two magnetic monopolesD.two complete magnets with both a North and South poleE.a paramagnet45.What characteristic of a blackbody can you determine from knowing only the spectral peak wavelength?A.temperatureB.chemical compositionC.total massD.total energyE.average density46.Which electromagnetic radiation (of those listed) has more energy per photon than red light?A.infrared radiationB.radio wavesC.microwavesD.ultraviolet radiationE.all of the above have the same energy47.According to Maxwell’s Laws moving electric fields always generate ___.A.protonsB.neutronsC.electronsD.magnetic fieldsE.electrostatic fields48. An object falls from a building roof and hits the ground 6 seconds later. After release, the only force acting on it is gravity, there is no air friction to consider. Which value is closest to the height of the building?A.600 metersB.60 metersC.3600 metersD.180 metersE.360 meters49. Two resistors are connected in parallel in a simple DC circuit. One resistor is 10 ohms and the other is 20 ohms. Which value is closest to the effective resistance of the two resistors connected in parallel?A.15 ohmsB.6.67 ohmsC.30 ohmsD.10 ohmsE.33.3 ohms50. Two resistors are connected in series in a simple DC circuit. One resistor is 10 ohms and the other is 20 ohms. Which value is closest to the effective resistance of the two resistors connected in parallel?A.15 ohmsB.6.67 ohmsC.30 ohmsD.10 ohmsE.33.3 ohms51. A DC circuit has a current of 10 amps and an effective resistance of 20 ohms. What is the voltage of the source supplying the circuit?A.30 VoltsB.4,000 VoltsC.20 VoltsD.200 VoltsE.2,000 Volts52. A DC circuit has a current of 10 amps and an effective resistance of 20 ohms. What is the power consumed by the circuit?A.400 WattsB.4,000 WattsC.2,000 WattsD.200 WattsE.20,000 Watts53. The representation of gravity as a curvature of space similar to a flexible rubber sheet was first expressed in _____.A.Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.B.Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.C.Newton's Laws of Motion.D.Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.E.Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle54. The principle asserting the speed of light as a limiting velocity in nature, was first put forth as a basic principle in ____.A.Newton's Theory of Universal GravitationB.Michelson-Morley ExperimentC.Einstein's General Theory of RelativityD.Einstein's Special Theory of RelativityE.Einstein's Theory of the Photoelectric Effect55. Albert and Marie are in different but identical spacecraft, traveling in opposite directions at 90% the speed of light. Albert looks out of his the window and watches Marie’s spacecraft pass his by. Which of the following statements is true about measurements he makes?A.Marie’s spacecraft appears lighter in mass and longer in length.B.Marie’s spacecraft’s clocks appear to be moving faster than Albert’s spacecraft’s clocks.C.Marie’s spacecraft’s clocks appear to be moving slower than Albert’s spacecraft’s clocks.D.Marie’s spacecraft appears the same in mass and the same in length.E.None of the above statements are true.56. Which of the following is true about the so called Twin Paradox?A.It cannot be resolved by the General Theory of Relativity.B.It cannot be resolved by the Special Theory of Relativity.C.It is a logical paradox.D.It violates the laws of physics.E.All of the above are true.57. The Principle of Equivalence explains which of the following concepts?A.Weight and mass are the same thing.B.Equal masses have equal forces of gravity causing everything to fall at equal speeds.C.The force of gravity equals the force of matter.D.The force of gravity is equal on all masses.E.The force of gravity is greater on bodies with a greater mass causing all masses to fall to Earth with the same acceleration.58. Which of the following is a test of Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity?A.Gravitational Lensing EffectB.Gravitational RedshiftC.Gravitational Time DilationD.All of the aboveE.None of the Above59. The imaginary surface around a black hole inside which nothing can escape is called the _____.A.mass limitB.event horizonC.invisible shellD.singularityE.None of the above60. Suppose you were watching an unfortunate fellow astronaut falling into a black hole. Compared to your ship's master clock, the watch on her wrist, as you see it (and while you still can see it), would be running ____.A.backwardsB.fasterC.slowerD.at the same rateE.none of the above is true61. Suppose you wanted to determine the chemical composition of an object that you could not physically touch, but were able to see at a large distance (i.e. greater than 1 km). Which technique of the following would be most promising in determining chemical composition remotely?A.radarB.microscopyC.chromatographyD.spectroscopyE.electrophoresis62. Oh my gosh! You take the wrong exit off I-95 and find yourself inside the Schwarzschild radius distance of a black hole. You use your cell phone to try to send a radio SOS message back to the AAA (who prudently have located their office outside the Schwarzschild radius). What will be the fate of that message?The message will make it to the AAA in fine shape with all information intact (but your call will be put on hold).B.The radio waves will emerge from the Schwarzschild radius with a huge gravitational redshift.C.The message will never emerge from within the Schwarzschild radius distance.D.The message will make it to AAA but all of its information will be randomly garbled.EThe radio waves will emerge from the Schwarzschild radius as gamma rays.63. In class we discussed the “place” of laws, theories and hypothesis in the sciences using the example of ants and the role of chemical messages (pheromones). The initial observation and proof by a single scientist of ants communicating via chemical messages (dead ants being removed to the ant “cemetery” and droplets of the purported chemical message on live ants achieving the same result) is an example of a ____. Subsequently (decades), the _____ of chemical messaging emerged as a number of scientists reported that chemical messaging was common in a variety of plant and animal species.1st step in the scientific method/Second step in the scientific methodLaw/theoryHypothesis/theoryTheory/lawNone of the above64. In the scientific community, _____ are used to “visualize” a natural process or help understand how a natural process operates; in essence these serve as hypothesis. In class, we used the example of a family dynamic among you, your parents, sibling, pets, grandparents, etc. and how that hypothesis of your family dynamic changes over time. Another example was that of the image of the structure of the atom.LawsRevelationsModelsObservationsPseudoscience65. You have a passenger train traveling due East past a platform at a very high velocity compared to the speed of light. One passenger on the train is located on the East end of one train car, another passenger is located on the West end of the same train car. In the train’s reference frame the two passengers glance up at the same time (simultaneously). In the reference frame of the observer on the platform (as seen by the observer on the platform)the two passengers glance up simultaneously.the passenger at the East end side glances up first.the passenger at the West end side glances up first.the passengers never glance up.None of the above would be true. ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download