Science Study Guide: The Human Body
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Science Study Guide: The Human Body
Test: Thursday October 28th
Skeletal System:
Gives our body shape, our whole system of bones
• Protection Bones: Bones that guard other body parts
o Examples: Ribs, Skull, Pelvis
• Movement and Support Bones: Bones that help us walk, touch, turn and stand
o Examples: Femur, Humorous, Tibia, Fibula, Radius, Ulna
Bones:
A hard material that is made of mostly calcium that makes up the skeleton. There are 206 of these in the human skeleton.
• Skull: Protects your brain
• Femur: The longest bone in your body. It is between the knee and the hip. It attaches to the hip with a ball-and-socket joint.
• Ulna: One of two bones that make up our lower arm (between elbows and wrist)
• Radius: One of two bones that make up our lower arm (between elbows and wrist)
• Humorous: Upper arm bone, between shoulder and elbow. Connects to the shoulder with a ball-and-socket joint.
• Ribs: Group of bones that surround and protect the heart and lungs.
• Pelvis: bucket shaped bone that helps to hold our organs in, and allows up to stand up. Connects to the femurs with ball-and-socket joints.
• Spine: A group of bones that allow us to stand straight and tall
Joints:
The place where two bones come together
• Hinge: Moves like a gate or door hinge. Moves back and forth only
o Examples: Elbow, Finger Knuckles, Knee
• Ball-and-socket: Moves 3 ways- up and down, front to back, and can rotate
o Examples: Hips, Shoulders
• Gliding: Allow movement in two directions but do not rotate.
o Examples: Base of the finger (Oh no you didn’t!), Wrist, Ankles
Muscular System:
• Contract: To get smaller
• Fulcrum: The pivot point on which a lever moves
• Tendons: Muscles attach to bones with strong ropelike tissue
Coordination:
When parts of the body work together to complete a task
• Stimulus: Something that happens and starts a response.
• Response: Reaction to something that happened.
• Fulcrum: a place that a lever is attached and is able to turn
• Lever: a bar or rod attached to a fulcrum to turn
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