DD_1_1_Solution.docx
CIS 9002 – Oracle Database Design NAME: ______________________ DD Lab: Section 1Download this document, save this file using the filename: your_name_CIS9002_ DD Lab Section 1.docx Insert your answers into this document. Submit via Canvas5247005850900052451008636000These assignments originate from the section Student Resources, Practice Activities, I have given you all the questions, some partial solutions and questions for you to answer and submit for grading. Look for ____________ questions to answer.Database Design1-1: Introduction to the Oracle Academy Practice Activities and a few SolutionsObjectives Give examples of jobs, salaries, and opportunities that are possible by participating in the AcademyExplain how your participation in the Academy can help you take advantage of these opportunitiesTry It / Solve ItThis activity aims to develop your skills for locating, evaluating, and interpreting IT career information. Use Internet resources provided by your teacher to identify a specific job that interests you in the IT career field. Then, answer the following:What are the typical tasks involved in this job?What kind of social, problem-solving or technical skills are required?What are the physical demands of the job?What kind of training/education is required for the job?Where are current job openings?How many different kinds of businesses use these job skills?What is the salary range?What other entry-level jobs are within this career field?Solution:Using Internet resources, ask students to identify a job in the IT career field that interests them and answer the questions about that career. You can use the resources provided below, or find more with your preferred Internet search engine using the keywords: "jobs + asia sites", "jobs + europe sites"Jobs in the United StatesUS Department of Labor Career Guide to Industries: Excellent resource for all types of job working conditions, occupations, predicted growth/declinePortal to a list of IT companies: Many of the sites have a "career" link that provides information about the types of jobs each offersAlphabetical list of jobs such as "database developer" with specific company job descriptionsJob seekers and employers - keyword "Information Technology careers"Jobs in Eastern Europe, Belarus, Romania, Russia, Czech Republic, and HungaryLists of job search sites in Asia – Pacific how taking one of the Academy courses and earning a certification exam could help prepare you for a job in that career field.Solution: Answers will vary.Database Design1-2: Data vs. InformationPractice Activities and a few SolutionsVocabularyDirections: Identify the vocabulary word for each definition below.DatabaseA collection of data arranged for ease and speed of search andretrieval.DataRaw material, from which you can draw conclusionsInformationKnowledge, intelligence, a particular piece of data with a specialmeaning or functionTry It / Solve ItList specific data that the school collects about each student. What information could be gathered using all the student data?Possible responses for data include: name, address, phone number, names of parents or guardian, age, sex, nationality, parking place, discipline history, academic history or at- attendance history, grades, test scores, ethnic background.Possible responses for information include: The ethnic groups represented in the school, what percentage of students drive a car to school, how many students have grade- point averages greater than 3.0 (information), performance of different ethnic groups on standardized tests, diversity of the school population, Review an online database such as: examples of data and information related to one of the sites..State why you believe data collections of this type could be important.Possible answers: to keep a historical record of immigration into a country, laws passed, etc.Choose a website that displays data that might be stored in a database; find 10 data items on the site and list 5 pieces of information that could be gleaned from the data.Solution: Have students share their data in a game with the students competing to see who has the most unique data and information. One student reads his/her list of data aloud. If someone else in class has that piece of data or information, no one gets a point for it. If only that student has the data/info on his/her list, that student gets a point. Go through all data/info items and have students report their points. Reward the highest score!Give examples of how data becomes information for these two industries: film/movie, hospital/healthcare.Some answers may include:Film data: cast, directors, producers, awards, box office figuresInformation: type of movies that win the most awards, actors who consistently appear in the top-grossing movies, studios that produce the most profitable moviesHospital data: patient names, diagnosis, medication, tests, etc.Using this Lunch Room Data Report, answer the questions that follow.DateStudentSalesFaculty/StaffSalesHamburger/TacoBarPizzaBarSoup/SaladBar12/02/2003497233351226312/03/2003440192851264812/04/2003447303011265012/05/2003442273251073712/06/2003330122298330What does this report mean?______________________________________________________What data was collected?______________________________________________________What information does this table provide?The table gives us information about which items are the most popular.How do you think this information is used by those reading the report?______________________________________________________Generate at least two conclusions based on the data provided.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Generate at least two questions that you would ask about the data provided.SOLUTION: Do students and teachers prefer the same food? How do the total counts for students and teachers break down in terms of type of food purchased?Database Design1-3: History of the DatabasePractice Activities and a few SolutionsVocabularyDirections: Identify the vocabulary word for each definition below.Table instancechartA relational database chart that is used to map the infor-mation from the entity relationship diagramPrimary key (PK)the unique identifier for each row of dataForeign key (FK)Links data in one table to the data in a second table by re-ferring to the PK column in the second tableNullsIndicates if a column must contain a valueUniqueIndicates if the value in the column is unique within the ta-bleDatatypeRefers to the format and definition of the data in each col-umnTry It / Solve ItComplete the diagram by listing the important events in the evolution of the database.Draw a line from each event to the era in which it falls. Refer to question 5 answerTrue or False: The Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) was an important historical contribution in database development and design ___________Name two important historical contributions in database development and design.Answers will varyIf Building the database is the third major task in the database development process, then what are the first two major tasks? ________________________________________________________________________________(Optional) List at least three timeline events in the evolution of the database.1960s: Computers become cost effective for private companies along with increased stor- age capability.1970-72: E.F. Codd proposes the relational model for databases, disconnecting the logical organization from the physical storage.1976: P. Chen proposes the entity relationship model (ERM) for database design.Early 1980s: The first commercially-available relational database systems start to appear at the beginning of the 1980s with Oracle Version 2.Mid-1980s: SQL (structured query language) becomes "intergalactic standard."Early 1990s: An industry shakeout begins with fewer surviving companies. Oracle sur- vives.Mid-1990s: Kaboom! The usable Internet/World Wide Web (WWW) appears. A mad scramble ensues to allow remote access to computer systems with legacy data.Late 1990s: The large investment in Internet companies helps create a tools market boom for Web/Internet/DB connectors.Early 21st century: Solid growth of DB applications continues. Examples: commercial websites (, , ), government systems (Bureau of Citi- zenship and Immigration Services, Bureau of the Census), art museums, hospitals, schools, etc.(Optional) To most of us, the Internet has become an essential element in the way we communicate, the way we do business, and the way we learn. Surprisingly, few people really know the names of the people and the events that have contributed to its phenomenal growth.In this activity, you and your classmates will construct a wall mural timeline of the major historical events in Internet history. Using Internet resources, your group will be assigned one topic from the research list. Your group's task is to gather information to add to the classroom timeline:Find four events that describe your topic. Each event must have a person, place, and/or thing associated with it. Add your group's information to the timeline.Research List:Historical thinkers: people without whose inventions computers and communication as we know it today could not be possibleEnablers: universities, government agencies, and businesses that contributed to the idea of the Internet and birth of the InternetCommunicators: people who developed computer languages, computer networks, and the technology for one computer to communicate with anotherInnovators: people and businesses that enabled the average person to be able to use a computer and communicate on the InternetMovers and shakers: people and companies that transformed the Internet into a virtual mall of information and servicesSolution:In this lesson, students will use the Internet to research the people and businesses that contributed to the development of the Internet. Internet search keywords: "internet time- line" or "Hobbe's Internet Timeline."Using adding-machine-tape paper or poster paper cut into strips, create a 10-foot mural for the classroom. Divide the paper into a timeline as follows: allow about 1/4 of the length for 1800 to 1970 and the remaining 3/4 for 1970 to present.Assign topics to groups. Each group should find at least four events that illustrate its topic. Each group must identify a person, a place, and a thing associated with its topic.The topics to assign are:Historical thinkers: people without whose inventions computers and communica- tion as we know it today could not be possible (Samuel Morse, Alexander Graham Bell, Vannevar Bush)Enablers: universities, government agencies, and businesses that contributed to the idea of the Internet and birth of the Internet (ARPANET, NSF, CERN, Rand Corp.)Communicators: people who developed computer languages, computer networks, and the technology for one computer to communicate with another (Ray Tomlin- son, Bob Metcalf, Vinton Cerf, Larry Wall)Innovators: people and businesses that enabled the average person to be able to use a computer and communicate on the Internet (Microsoft, Apple, AOL, Netscape, Yahoo, Google)Movers and shakers: people and companies that transformed the Internet into a virtual mall of information and services (Oracle, , EBay, MSN)Database Design 1-4: Major Transformations in ComputingPractice Activities and a few SolutionsVocabulary Directions: Identify the vocabulary word for each definition below. Infrastructure The basic framework or features of a system Grid computing A global effort to develop an environment in which individual users can access computers, databases, and experimental facilities simply and transparently, without having to consider where those facilities are located Software The programs, routines, and symbolic languages that control the functioning of the hardware and direct its operation. Hardware A computer and the associated physical equipment directly involved in the performance of data-processing or communications functions. Operating System Software designed to control the hardware of a specific data-processing system in order to allow users and application programs to make use of it. Application A software program which carries out specific tasks on behalf of computer users Client A workstation or desktop computer including a screen, keyboard, and mouse; communicates directly with the user Server A more powerful computer which accepts work requests from clients, does the work, and sends results back to the client Try It / Solve It Provide a definition and an example of each of these: Hardware: the physical components of a computer. Mouse, keyboard, screen, memory, stick drive are some examples Operating system: a software program which directly controls and manages the hardware. Sun Solaris, Microsoft Windows, Red Hat Linux are examples Software: programs (sets of instructions) which tell the hardware what to do. Microsoft Word, Palm Desktop, Mozilla & Chrome Browsers are examples How has the major transformation of cell phones impacted day-to-day activities of a service repair company – what can the service repair person do today that they could not do before this transformation? Answers will vary. Students should be able to point out that cell phones now enable a service repair person to call before arriving, call to inform the customer if they are going to be late, call to order parts before returning to the depot, etc. List three e-businesses that use database software and describe how the database software is being used. Answers will vary. Check for students understanding that database software, for any business, can store and display information stored in the database. Write down the steps of a simple credit-card transaction. How many places does the information go, and what happens if the transaction is not complete at any one of the steps? What role does a database play in this process? Note: The students may not have all these steps. That is all right as long as they have a general idea of how a database plays a big role in the process. Solution: Steps in a simple credit-card transaction: Customer presents credit card. Store runs credit card through the system to get customer information: card number, name. Store takes the customer information and creates an entry for the purchase, using information from its database (item number, price, discount, etc.). Store information, details, and amount of purchase are sent to the credit card company for approval. Credit card company uses customer information from its own database to check credit limit, run identity-theft checks, etc. Both databases (store and credit-card company) are updated. If at any time the transaction is not completed (customer changes mind and stops transaction, or transaction puts customer over the credit limit), the purchase information is not entered in either database. ................
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