AP Psychology
AP Psychology
Perspectives
The History and Scope of Psychology
Psychology’s Roots
Psychology’s Big Issues
Psychology’s Perspectives
Key Themes and Terms
Psychology’s Major Themes/“Big” or “Grand” Issues
Nature vs. Nurture
Stability vs. Change
Rationality vs. Irrationality
Psychology’s Current Perspectives
Major Themes/“Grand Issues”
Nature vs. Nurture
Is behavior innate or learned?
Stability vs. Change
How stable is personality over time?
Rationality vs. Irrationality
How logical are our behaviors and thoughts?
“Schools” of Psychology
Perspectives about human nature
role of nature and nurture
Assumptions about the roots of behavior
Psychology’s Current Perspectives
Psychological Perspectives
Biopsychology/ Psychobiology
behavior is rooted in biology
brain
neurotransmitters
instincts
(Neuroscience)
(Behavior genetics)
Evolutionary
-role of inherited traits developed by evolutionary adaptations
Sociocultural
Behavior is acquired by modeling and imitation/impact of cultural values and norms.
Behaviorism
Behavior is learned through conditioning.
Humanistic
Motivation is positive.
Psychological Perspectives
Cognitive
-Behavior is based on thinking/information processing.
Subfields of Psychology
Clinical psychology
Causes and treatment of mental disorders
Counseling psychology
Solving personal problems
Experimental psychology
Studies psych. processes (perception, learning and motivation)
Industrial psychology
Behavior in organizations and work
Biopsychology, psychobiology
Biological bases of behavior
Social psychology
Social interaction and cultural influences
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
Unit 1
1. To introduce psychology as a discipline and to trace its historical roots.
2. To identify psychology’s most important issues.
3. To describe the different perspectives from which psychologists examine behavior and mental processes as well as its most important subfields.
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