7th Grade - NJCTL

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Global Climate Change

? Climate and Weather

? The Greenhouse Effect

? Global Climate Change ? Anthropogenic Causes ? Natural Causes

? Impacts of Climate Change ? Climate Science ? Reducing Climate Change

? Mitigation Strategies ? Adaptation Strategies

Click on the topic to go to that section

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Weather

How did you decide how to dress for school today? Would need a jacket or could you wear shorts? Did you need to bring an umbrella?

You might have watched the weather report on the news or checked your smartphone to help you make these decisions.

7th Grade

Global Climate Change

2015-11-03

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Climate and Weather

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Slide 6 / 161 Weather

The atmospheric condition at any given time or place iscalled weather.

The weather can change hour to hour and day to day.

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Weather

Weather also changes season to season in many places on Earth.

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Weather

Brainstorm some terms that you associate with weather.

Slide 9 / 161 Weather Terms

Did you come up with some of these terms?

sunshine cloud cover

rain sleet hail snow windy freezing rain thunder blizzard humidity heat wave fog

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Climate versus Weather

Though weather is an expression of climate, they are not the same. Compare and contrast the weather and climate of your city. Write your thoughts below.

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Climate

Climate refers to the long term average weather conditions of a specific location.

For example, Hawaii has a warm and humid climate year round. However, one day the weather might be overcast and rainy, while the next it is sunny and only partly cloudy.

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1 You walk to the bus stop and it suddenly gets really windy and overcast. This is an example of climate.

True False

Click here to watch a video on the differences between climate and weather.

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1 You walk to the bus stop and it suddenly gets really windy and overcast. This is an example of climate.

True False

False

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2 Suppose that this summer was much hotter than last summer. Is this a sign that the climate is changing?

Yes No

Answer

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2 Suppose that this summer was much hotter than last summer. Is this a sign that the climate is changing?

Yes

Answer

No

No

This is too short a time period

to make the claim that climate

is changing.

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3 Suppose that every winter for the past three decades has been warmer than usual. Is this a sign that the climate is changing?

Yes

No

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3 Suppose that every winter for the past three decades has been warmer than usual. Is this a sign that the climate is changing?

Yes

Answer

Yes

No

Because the observation is

being made over a long time

period.

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4 Climate is the long term average of weather conditions. This average is usually taken over ___________.

A a couple of days B several months C at least 20 years D at least one year

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4 Climate is the long term average of weather conditions. This average is usually taken over ___________.

A a couple of days B several months C at least 20 years D at least one year

Answer

C

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Climate Graphs Activity

In your group, answer the questions about the following climate graph on your paper. The data on the graph is over a 30 year time period from 1961-1990.

daily extreme highs

average

daily extreme lows

image from esrl.

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The Greenhouse Effect

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Slide 19 / 161 Solar Radiation

Sunlight is energy in the form of radiation. The types of radiation emitted by the sun are ultraviolet (UV) waves and visible waves, or shortwaves. Why do you think these waves are sometimes referred to as short waves?

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Global Climate System

To understand whether or not the climate is changing, we musftirst understand what causes our global climate.

The global climate system arises from the interaction of sunlight with Earth's atmosphere, land, oceans, ice caps and other parts of Earth.

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The Greenhouse Effect

So what happens to all that solar radiation when it reaches Earth's atmosphere?

image from ipcc.unibe.ch

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Incoming Shortwave Solar Radiation

About 30% of incoming solar radiation is reflected by clouds and Earth's surface.

The amount of Earth's reflectivity is called albedo and is dependent on the surface.

Some surfaces reflect better than others. For example, ice has a higher albedo than grass. Generally, objects that are closer to the color white reflect more or have a higher albedo than darker colored objects.

Slide 22 / 161 Incoming Shortwave Solar Radiation

50% of solar radiation is directly absorbed by Earth's surface and warms it.

The remaining 20% of solar radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere.

2

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Longwave Infrared Radiation

After solar radiation is absorbed by Earth's surface andatmosphere, some of it is converted into infrared (or heat) waves. This type of radiation, which is a form of energy, is often called longwave radiation.

Why do you think it is called longwave radiation when compared to solar radiation?

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5 The global climate system is influenced only by Earth's atmosphere.

True False

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5 The global climate system is influenced only by Earth's atmosphere.

True False

Answer

False It is determined by the interaction of solar radiation with the atmosphere, land and

ocean.

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6 Solar radiation is a type of energy composed of ___________ waves. (Select all that apply.) A infrared B UV C visible light D radio

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