ROOT WORDS - Mrs. Sawyer's English Class



WORD ROOTS

1. AC/ACR = sharp

a. acute – sharp; keenly perceptive

b. acrimonious – full of bitterness and hard feelings

2. AGR = field, soil

a. agronomy – the science of farming

b. agrarian – having to do with land and how it is owned and used

3. AM = to love, friend

a. amiable – friendly, good-natured

b. enamored – in love with

4. ANIMA = mind, soul, spirit

a. animosity – hatred, antagonism, ill will

b. unanimous – in total agreement

5. AQUA = water

a. aquamarine – a bluish green precious stone or bluish green color

b. aqueduct – a pipeline or artificial channel for carrying water from a distance

6. ARCH = chief or main, ruler

a. hierarchy – a series arranged by rank or grade

b. patriarch – father who is the head of family or tribe

7. ASTRO = star

a. astronomical – almost too large to imagine, enormous

b. astrogate – to navigate a spacecraft in outer space

8. AUD/AUDI = hear

a. inaudible – incapable of being heard

b. auditory – having to do with hearing

9. AUTO = self

a. autonomous – independent, self-governing

b. autocrat – ruler with absolute power

10. BEL/BELL = war

a. belligerent – combative, liking to start fights

b. antebellum – before the Civil War

11. BENE = good, well

a. benevolent – kind, charitable

b. benign – pleasant, friendly; not seriously harmful

12. BREV = short, brief

a. brevity – shortness, briefness, conciseness

b. abbreviate – to make shorter

13. CAP/CIP/CEPT = to take, get

a. incipient – beginning to be, commencing

b. perceptive – keenly observant; very understanding

14. CED/CESS/CEDE = to go, yield

a. precedent – any model for that which follows

b. intercede – to come between disputing parties; mediate

15. CHRON = time

a. anachronism – error in time order

b. synchronize – cause to agree in time; make simultaneous

16. CID/CIS = to cut, to kill

a. concise – short, to the point

b. incisive – sharp (quick thinking), direct

17. CIV = citizen

a. civilian – person who is not in active military service

b. civility – courtesy, politeness

18. CLAM/CLAIM = to shout, cry out

a. clamor – great outcry, shouting; noisy, confused demand

b. disclaim – to deny, repudiate

19. COGN/COGNI = to know

a. cognizant – having knowledge, aware

b. prognosis – prediction about the future course of a disease

20. CRAC/CRAT = to rule

a. aristocracy – privileged class, upper class of nobility

b. plutocracy – government by wealthy people

21. CRED = to believe

a. credulous – believing without question (gullible)

b. creed – set of personal beliefs

22. CULP = to blame

a. culpable – deserving blame, at fault

b. culprit – person guilty of a crime

23. CUR/CURR/COURS = to run

a. cursory – not thorough, hasty

b. precursor – forerunner that hints at the future

24. DIC/DICT = to speak, words

a. indict – to charge with an offense

b. edict – command, formal order

25. DOC/DACT = to teach

a. docile – easily controlled or taught, obedient

b. indoctrinate – to teach a specific point of view

26. DOG/DOX = opinion, praise

a. dogmatic – stubbornly opinionated

b. orthodox – according to tradition, “by the book”

27. DOMIN = lord

a. domineer – to rule arrogantly, bully

b. dominant – most powerful, influential

28. DUC/DUCT = to lead, direct

a. deduce – to conclude by reasoned thought

b. conducive – likely to promote or assist

29. EGO = I, self

a. egotism – habit of talking about oneself; conceit

b. egomania – excessive preoccupation with oneself

30. ERR = to wander

a. erratic – on no set course, wandering

b. aberration – oddity, not the norm

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