ROOT WORDS - Mrs. Sawyer's English Class
WORD ROOTS
1. AC/ACR = sharp
a. acute – sharp; keenly perceptive
b. acrimonious – full of bitterness and hard feelings
2. AGR = field, soil
a. agronomy – the science of farming
b. agrarian – having to do with land and how it is owned and used
3. AM = to love, friend
a. amiable – friendly, good-natured
b. enamored – in love with
4. ANIMA = mind, soul, spirit
a. animosity – hatred, antagonism, ill will
b. unanimous – in total agreement
5. AQUA = water
a. aquamarine – a bluish green precious stone or bluish green color
b. aqueduct – a pipeline or artificial channel for carrying water from a distance
6. ARCH = chief or main, ruler
a. hierarchy – a series arranged by rank or grade
b. patriarch – father who is the head of family or tribe
7. ASTRO = star
a. astronomical – almost too large to imagine, enormous
b. astrogate – to navigate a spacecraft in outer space
8. AUD/AUDI = hear
a. inaudible – incapable of being heard
b. auditory – having to do with hearing
9. AUTO = self
a. autonomous – independent, self-governing
b. autocrat – ruler with absolute power
10. BEL/BELL = war
a. belligerent – combative, liking to start fights
b. antebellum – before the Civil War
11. BENE = good, well
a. benevolent – kind, charitable
b. benign – pleasant, friendly; not seriously harmful
12. BREV = short, brief
a. brevity – shortness, briefness, conciseness
b. abbreviate – to make shorter
13. CAP/CIP/CEPT = to take, get
a. incipient – beginning to be, commencing
b. perceptive – keenly observant; very understanding
14. CED/CESS/CEDE = to go, yield
a. precedent – any model for that which follows
b. intercede – to come between disputing parties; mediate
15. CHRON = time
a. anachronism – error in time order
b. synchronize – cause to agree in time; make simultaneous
16. CID/CIS = to cut, to kill
a. concise – short, to the point
b. incisive – sharp (quick thinking), direct
17. CIV = citizen
a. civilian – person who is not in active military service
b. civility – courtesy, politeness
18. CLAM/CLAIM = to shout, cry out
a. clamor – great outcry, shouting; noisy, confused demand
b. disclaim – to deny, repudiate
19. COGN/COGNI = to know
a. cognizant – having knowledge, aware
b. prognosis – prediction about the future course of a disease
20. CRAC/CRAT = to rule
a. aristocracy – privileged class, upper class of nobility
b. plutocracy – government by wealthy people
21. CRED = to believe
a. credulous – believing without question (gullible)
b. creed – set of personal beliefs
22. CULP = to blame
a. culpable – deserving blame, at fault
b. culprit – person guilty of a crime
23. CUR/CURR/COURS = to run
a. cursory – not thorough, hasty
b. precursor – forerunner that hints at the future
24. DIC/DICT = to speak, words
a. indict – to charge with an offense
b. edict – command, formal order
25. DOC/DACT = to teach
a. docile – easily controlled or taught, obedient
b. indoctrinate – to teach a specific point of view
26. DOG/DOX = opinion, praise
a. dogmatic – stubbornly opinionated
b. orthodox – according to tradition, “by the book”
27. DOMIN = lord
a. domineer – to rule arrogantly, bully
b. dominant – most powerful, influential
28. DUC/DUCT = to lead, direct
a. deduce – to conclude by reasoned thought
b. conducive – likely to promote or assist
29. EGO = I, self
a. egotism – habit of talking about oneself; conceit
b. egomania – excessive preoccupation with oneself
30. ERR = to wander
a. erratic – on no set course, wandering
b. aberration – oddity, not the norm
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