Example of descriptive critical writing - Navitas Professional
Example of descriptive
and critical writing
The exerpts from the essay below illustrate how descriptive and critical writing fit together in
academic writing. The essay task is: Critically analyse how an integrative approach to counselling
supports a client¡¯s change process.
Essay
Feature
There is a current trend amongst counsellors to adopt an
integrative approach when working with clients (Atheorist, 2016,
Btheorist, 2015 & Ctheorist, 2014). Ctheorist explains that an integrative
approach to counselling draws on a variety of theoretical concepts,
strategies and skills to facilitate a change process for the client (2015).
This essay outlines what an integrative approach encompasses, and then
analyses its limitations and benefits. It argues that whilst poor decision
making by the counsellor impacts the efficacy of an integrative approach,
that overall, when skilfully facilitated, an integrative approach supports
the clients¡¯ change processes.
Descriptive writing:
An integrative approach is a recent development in counselling
approaches. The key authors of this approach are Atheorist, Btheorist and
Ctheorist. In their 2016 survey, they identified that counsellors were
working in more ecclectic ways and introduced the term integrative
approach.
Descriptive writing:
According to Atheorist (2016), a counsellor who uses an
integrative approach has a broad knowledge of theoretical perspectives
and strategies, and makes informed decisions about which ones would
best support a client at any given stage in their counselling process.
Btheorist (2015) and Ctheorist (2014) add that a critical component of an
integrative approach is the counsellor¡¯s capacity to evaluate the client¡¯s
Critical writing:
describes the topic, and the
content of this essay.
Critical writing:
defines the task
identifies and refines the
thesis.
outlines the background to
this topic.
synthesises ideas and
evidence from a variety of
sources
ACAP Student Learning Support. ACAP is a college of the Navitas Professional Institute Pty Ltd. National CRICOS Code: 01328A. RTO Code: 0500. Page 1/2
situation and draw on the most helpful responses.
Dtheorist (2017) argues that it is the flexibility of this approach
that enhances and accelerates the change process for clients. Dtheorist
states that when counsellors respond to clients in relevant and meaningful
ways at the time of need, change is more likely to occur (2017).
Critical writing:
analyses the concepts and
arguments and
constructs consistent and
well-supported arguments
However, Etheorist (2017) found that in cases where the
counsellor switched too frequently from one theoretical perspective to
another, and from one strategy to another, the client became
overwhelmed and less likely to process the information and explore
change. This suggests that, whilst flexibility is an important feature of an
integrative approach, it can also be an inhibiting feature for client change.
Critical writing:
Nonetheless, Btheorist and Ctheorist (2017) in response to
Etheorist¡¯s (2017) findings, suggest that the counsellor¡¯s decision making
capacity is in question rather than the integrative approach itself. They
counterargue by pointing out that it is the counsellor¡¯s capacity to
accurately evaluate the client¡¯s situation that determines the efficacy of a
switch for the client; not the switch itself.
Critical writing:
As a relatively new approach to counselling, an integrative
approach encompasses a flexible and eclectic facilitation of strategies
from a variety of conceptual perspectives to meet the client¡¯s needs at the
time. However, the facilitation requires skilful decision-making by the
counsellor to avoid disruption of the client¡¯s change process. In
conclusion, the arguments against the use of an integrative approach are
outweighed by the evidence supporting the efficacy of the approach itself.
Descriptive writing:
discusses the issue in a
balanced way
evaluates the ideas and
arguments of others
summarises the key points
Critical writing:
makes evidence based
judgements
ACAP Student Learning Support. ACAP is a college of the Navitas Professional Institute Pty Ltd. National CRICOS Code: 01328A. RTO Code: 0500. Page 2/2
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