Adjectives



1. Adjective- describes, or modifies, a noun or pronoun.

2. It may come before or after the word it describes.

3. A single noun can be modified by more than one adjective.

Ex. I love to travel to places old and new.

Tourists can see ancient ruins in Egypt.

4. Adjectives describe nouns or pronouns in three ways:

|What Kind |Sometimes I travel to big cities. |

|Which One |These photographs show my trip to the beach. |

|How Many |I have visited several states. |

5. Predicate Adjective- follows a linking verb. It is part of the predicate, but it modifies the subject.

Ex. A trip to a national park is interesting.

6. Demonstrative Adjectives: point out particular persons or objects and tell which one or which ones.

| |Singular |Plural |

|Near |This |These |

|Far |That |Those |

A. These astronauts have flown in space.

B. Those astronauts have not flown yet.

C. This spacecraft had to land on the water.

D. That spacecraft lands like an airplane.

7. Proper Adjectives: are formed from proper nouns.

8. The spelling of a proper adjective is often different from the spelling of the proper noun.

|Proper Noun |Proper Adjective |

|Brazil |Brazilian |

|England |English |

|China |Chinese |

|France |French |

9. Adjectives can compare two or more people, things, or ideas.

10. Comparative Adjective: compares two things. To form the comparative of most one syllable words add er.

Ex.

A. A rabbit is faster than a turtle.

B. John is taller than Paul.

11. Superlative Adjective- compares more than two things. To form the superlative adjective add est.

Ex.

A. Joan is the nicest person I know.

B. Arizona is the hottest state in America.

C. The hummingbird is the tiniest bird in the world.

12. When you add er or est to form the comparative or superlative, the spelling of an adjective may change.

A. Adjectives ending in e: drop the final e.

nice nicer nicest

B. Adjectives ending in a consonant preceded by a single vowel: double the consonant.

hot hotter hottest

C. Adjectives ending in y: change the y to I.

tiny tinier tiniest

13. To form the comparative and superlative adjectives of most words with two or more syllables, use more and most instead of er and est.

14. Use more to form comparative adjectives.

Ex. This shirt is more colorful than that sweater.

15. Use most to form superlative adjectives.

Ex. My sister is the most skillful photographer I know.

*Never use more and most before adjectives with er and est endings.

16. The comparative and superlative forms of some adjectives are irregular. Good and Bad are two irregular adjectives.

|Adjective |Comparative |Superlative |

|Good |Better |Best |

|Bad |Worse |Worst |

17. Articles – are special adjectives used before nouns.

|Article |Used before words…. |Examples |

|The |that name or refer to a specific item or items. |The people of ancient Egypt built the pyramids. |

|a |that begin with a consonant sound. |Egyptians invented a kind of paper called papyrus. |

|an |that begin with a vowel sound. |An ordinary person did not know how to write. |

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