Mixed DD:



DD GRAMMAR REVIEW KEY

Mixed DD: Read each sentence carefully and circle the error. In the space provided, explain the error and correct it.

1) Guy( man/student AUD

2) Has( had SV

3) Raise(raised VT

4) That( who PR

5) Its( their PA

6) Affects( effects WW

7) Drop comma, awesome( awesomely Adv/Adj

8) I ate ( eating Parallel

9) Is( was VT surrounding his birth is nothing like the birth of AJ’s baby girl. COMP

10) Having been thrown in the air.. MOD

11) That it was a lovely autumn day SF

12) President CAP

Pronoun Antecedent Answers

1. If a person wants to succeed in corporate life, you have to know the rules of the game.

Antecedent a person (third person)

Pronoun you (second person)

Explanation: Although the antecedent and the pronoun agree in number, they do not agree in person

Solutions: If a person wants to succeed in corporate life, he or she has to know the rules of the game. OR If you want to succeed in corporate life, you have to know the rules of the game

2. If anybody wants to succeed in corporate life, they have to know the rules of the game.

Antecedent anybody (third person singular)

Pronoun they (third person plural)

Explanation: Although the antecedent and pronoun agree in person, they do not agree in number. This problem can be remedied in two ways.

Solutions: If people want to succeed in corporate life, they have to know the rules of the game OR If anybody wants to succeed in corporate life, he or she has to know the rules of the game.

3. If a person wants to succeed in corporate life, he has to know the rules of the game.

Antecedent a person (third person neutral singular)

Pronoun he (third person masculine singular)

Explanation: Even though there is person and number agreement between the antecedent, a person, and the pronoun, he, there is no gender agreement; in other words, the language appears to favor one sex over the other.

Solutions: If a person wants to succeed in corporate life, he or she has to know the rules of the game. OR If people want to succeed in corporate life, they have to know the rules of the game.

4. A can of lima beans sits on (its or it) shelf.

5. Both employees do a good deal of work in (their or his) office.

Making Verbs Agree with Relative Pronouns Answers

1. is (The antecedent of "who" is "member," which is singular.)

2. are (The antecedent of "who" is "members," which is plural.)

3. is (Only one number could be the correct answer to a particular mathematical problem, so the relative pronoun "which" is, in this sentence, singular.)

4. have been (Since three children were selected, the relative pronoun "which" is, in this sentence, plural.)

Faulty Comparison Answers

1. Brandon’s resume is clearer than Daniel’s. (Drop “more”).

Explanation: Faulty comparison can also occur when a comparative ending in –er or a superlative ending in ‐est is used with words like more, most, less, or least.

2. Sam wrote a perfect correspondence today. (drop “the most”) Explanation: Something is either perfect or it is not—there are no higher degrees of perfection

3.Xavier is not as mean as Abigail is. Explanation: This sentence is worded in a way that indicates there is a comparison, but the comparison is incomplete because we do not know what is being compared.

4.The flowers in Quinton’s yard are prettier than the flowers in Jacob’s yard. Explanation: This example includes a comparison between two items that are not in the same category—Quinton’s flowers (a person’s thing) and Jacob (a person). To fix this sentence, you have to compare the same kind of items.

5.I think it’s harder to understand Freud’s theory than Watson. (Drop “more”). See previous explanation.

6.Thoreau’s writing is not as easy to read as __________. See previous explanation.

Misused Words Answers

Lie is an intransitive verb (one that does not take an object), meaning "to recline." Its principal parts are lie (base form), lay (past tense), lain (past participle), and lying (present participle).

[Lie meaning "to tell an untruth" uses lied for both the past tense and past participle, with lying as the present participle.]

Lay is a transitive verb (one that takes an object), meaning "to put" or "to place." Its principal parts are lay (base form), laid (past tense), laid (past participle), and laying (present participle).

The two words have different meanings and are not interchangeable. Although lay also serves as the past tense of lie (to recline) – as in, "He lay down for a nap an hour ago" – lay (or laying) may not otherwise be used to denote reclining. It is not correct to say or write, "I will lay down for nap" or "He is laying down for a nap." The misuse of lay or laying in the sense of "to recline" (which requires lie or lying) is the most common error involving the confusion of these two words.

1. When you go to Bermuda for vacation, you spend your time (lying or laying) on the beach.

2. You should (lay or lie) down on the sofa to watch TV and spend the entire time (lying or laying) there.

3. Movie stars can (affect or effect) children’s clothing preferences. Note: The majority of the time you use affect with an a as a verb and effect with an e as a noun. Affect with an a means "to influence," as in, "The arrows affected Ardvark," or "The rain affected Amy's hairdo." Effect with an e has a lot of subtle meanings as a noun, but to me the meaning "a result" seems to be at the core of all the definitions. For example, you can say, "The effect was eye-popping.”

4. If I don’t invite the neighbors to our party, (then or than) my mom will be upset.

5. What is (you’re or your) name?

Subject-Verb Agreement Answers

1) Everyone (has/have) done his or her homework.

1. (The indefinite pronouns anyone, everyone, someone, no one, nobody are always singular and, therefore, require singular verbs.)

2) Some of the beads (is/are) missing.

3) The mayor as well as his brothers (is/are) going to prison).

1. Phrases such as together with, as well as, and along with are not the same as and. The phrase introduced by as well as or along with will modify the earlier word (mayor in this case), but it does not compound the subjects (as the word and would do).)

4) There (is/are) two reasons for this.

5) The news from the front (is/are) bad.

1. (Some words end in -s and appear to be plural but are really singular and require singular verbs.)

Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers- Answers *ANSWERS VARY

1. The car on the bridge which is green is mine.

a. MM The green car on the bridge is mine.

2. Expecting confusion, our plans were made.

a. DM Since we expected that there would be confusion, we made plans in advance.

3. Feeling hot, sweaters were shaken off.

a. DM We were feeling hot, so we shook our sweaters off.

4. Raised in Nova Scotia, it is natural to miss the smell of the sea.

a. DM As someone who was raised in NS, I think it’s natural to miss the smell of the sea.

5. Although nearly finished, we left the play early because we were worried about our sick cat.

a. DM Although the play was nearly finished, we still left early because we were worried about our sick cat.

6. On her way home, Jan found a gold man’s watch.

a. MM On her way home, Jan found a man’s gold watch.

7. The child ate a cold dish of cereal for breakfast.

a. MM The child ate a dish of cold cereal for breakfast.

8. The torn student’s book lay on the desk.

a. MM The student’s torn book lay on the desk.

Verb Tense and Verb Tense Consistency

1. “Marvel" is correct. The first verb in the sentence, "enjoy," is present tense, so the second verb should be present tense as well.

2. "Maneuvers" is correct. The first verb, "presents," sets the verb tense in the present. You need to maintain the present tense in order for the verbs in the sentence to agree.

3. "Lost" is correct. The first verb, "faded," is past tense, so the second verb needs to be in past tense in order for the verbs to agree.

4. "Went" is correct. The other two verbs in the sentence, "explored" and "investigated," are past tense, so the final verb needs to be past tense in order for the verbs to agree. Note that "went" is an irregular verb that changes form instead of simply adding -ed.

5. "Rewind" is correct. "Go" and "return" are present tense verbs, so the final verb in the sentence needs to be in present tense in order for the verbs to agree.

Relative Pronoun Agreement- Answers

1. The shirt that Carl bought has a stain on the pocket.

2. The chef who won the competition studied in Paris.

3. Negotiations were not going smoothly between the two leaders, who made no bones about not liking each other.

Adverb/Adjective Error Answers

1) He quickly reads a book.

2) Mandy is a pretty girl.

3) The class is terribly loud today.

4) Max is a good singer.

5) You can easily open this tin.

6) It's a terrible day today.

7) She sings the song well.

8) He is a careful driver.

9) He drives the car carefully.

10) The dog barks loudly.

Sentence Fragment- Answers

1.

[pic]Finding a parking space there is usually easy during the week.

2. 

[pic]Shaking his new boss's hand, Tony knew he would like working there.

3. 

[pic]After getting estimates from five contractors, she decided to do the work herself.

4. 

[pic]The nineteen-year-old car looked out of place next to the new models.

5. 

[pic]To avoid hitting the other car, Michael had to back across the corner of the lawn.

Run-on Answers

1. I life; she

i. We have two independent clauses here and they must be connected somehow. We can't use the comma by itself without creating a comma splice.

2. I snow, and

i. We have two independent clauses connected with a little conjunction. Because of their complexity, it would be a very good idea to separate them with a comma.

3. I 7:30. Make

i. Our second sentence is a directive based on what was said in the first sentence. Although the clauses are closely related, they still must be treated as independent clauses. We could connect them with a comma + so, or we can leave them as two separate sentences.

4. I woods; this

i. These clauses are clearly related; the pronoun 'this' connects the two clauses in meaning. However, they are both independent clauses and need to be connected with a comma + a little conjunction or they should be separated with a semicolon.

5. C There is nothing wrong with that sentence as it is written.

i. Remember that length has nothing to do with whether a sentence is a run-on or not.

Parallelism Answers

1. An actor knows how to memorize his lines and how to get into character.

2. Tell me where you were, what you were doing, and why you were doing it.

3. Clark's daily exercises include running, swimming, and lifting weights.

4. To donate money to the homeless shelter is to help people stay warm in the winter.

5. Jim likes not only working outside but also getting dirty.

6. We followed the path through the forest, over the hill, and across the river.

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