CP PHYSICS



CP PHYSICS Name: __________________________

FINAL EXAM REVIEW – Fall 2008 ____ period

Answer the following questions on your own sheet of paper.

1. What are scalar quantities? Give examples.

2. What are vector quantities? Give examples.

3. What is the difference between speed and velocity?

4. One car travels east for 250 m over a period of 50 seconds. A second car travels west for

125 m over a period of 25 seconds. What is true about their speeds? their velocities?

5. Identify what each of the following graphs means:

A | | | | | | |B | | | | | | |C | | | | | | |D | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Use the graph below to answer questions #6 and #7.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

6. What is the instantaneous velocity at t = 5.0 s?

7. What is the average velocity between t = 5.0 s and t = 10.0 s?

8. How do you find displacement from a velocity-time graph?

9. Use the graph below.

a. What is the displacement of the object in the first ten seconds?

b. What is the displacement of the object between t = 10.0 s and t = 25.0 s?

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

10. A motorcyclist travels at a rate of 55 km/h for the first hour, then at 40 km/h for the second

hour, and finally at 65 km/h for the third hour of his trip. What was his average velocity for

the three hours of his trip?

11. A motorcyclist traveling at 12 m/s accelerates at a constant rate of 2.5 m/s2 for 4.0 s. What

distance did the motorcyclist travel while he was accelerating?

12. A driver is stopped at a red light. When the light turns green, she accelerates at a rate of

1.8 m/s2 for 8.5 s. How fast is she driving at the end of the acceleration period?

CP PHYSICS, FINAL EXAM REVIEW – Fall 2008, page 2

13. A semi truck accelerates at 0.64 m/s2 over a distance of 125 m and reaches a velocity of

17 m/s. What was the truck’s initial velocity?

14. How fast does an object move after falling:

a. .25 s b. .50 s c. 1.0 s d. 2.0 s

15. When perpendicular vectors are added, what is true about the resultant vector?

16. What are vector components?

17. Find the resultant force vector of two forces acting on an object – 25 N, south and 45 N,

west.

18. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth? What sign does it have?

19. Ignoring air resistance, does a heavier object fall faster than a lighter object?

20. Draw a diagram showing how far an object has fallen after 1 s, 2 s, 3 s, and 4 s.

21. A ping pong ball moving at a speed of 0.85 m/s rolls off a 0.95 m table. How far away from

the table does the ball land?

22. Draw the pathway of a projectile launched at an angle. Show vx and vy vectors as it moves

up to its highest point and then falls back to the ground.

23. What is the only force acting on a projectile once it is released?

24. What is the relationship between the horizontal and vertical components of a projectile’s

motion?

25. What is freefall?

26. What are Newton’s three laws of motion?

27. What determines the amount of inertia in an object?

28. How would a ball on a string that is swung on a circle move if the string broke?

29. Does an object moving in a straight line at a constant speed have no forces acting on it?

Explain.

30. What is the net force acting on a 120 kg mass that is accelerated at 1.3 m/s2?

31. What is the mass of an object that experiences a constant net force of 380 N while it is

accelerated at 5.5 m/s2?

32. In what direction must an object accelerate if it experiences a net force?

33. What is the mass and weight of a 65 kg man on Earth?

34. What is the mass and weight of a 57 kg woman on the moon whose acceleration due to

gravity is 1.6 m/s2?

35. Two boxes are sitting on the floor—one is 10 kg and the other is 15 kg. Which has the

greater weight? Which box experiences a greater force of gravity?

36. Give three examples of Newton’s 3rd law.

37. Define the following:

a) gravitational force

b) electromagnetic force

c) strong nuclear force

d) weak nuclear force

e) normal force

f) static friction

g) sliding friction

h) centripetal force

i) equilibrant force

38. Draw a free body diagram of the forces acting on an object on a horizontal surface.

39. How is the static friction of an object determined when it is on a horizontal surface?

40. Draw a free body diagram of the forces acting on an object on an inclined plane.

41. What happens to an object sitting on a slope when it is pushed and it begins sliding?

42. When the angle of an incline increases towards 90o, what value will the acceleration

approach?

43. What happens to the parallel and normal forces on an inclined plane when its angle

increases?

44. What is the resultant of two forces: 20 N, north and 8 N, east? What is the equilibrant

force?

CP PHYSICS, FINAL EXAM REVIEW – Fall 2008, page 3

45. What is happening to an elevator that weighs 14,000 N and whose cable experiences a

tension of 14,800 N?

46. A crane is trying to lift a 45,000 N steel beam. What is the normal force supplied by the

ground when the tension in the crane cables is 40,000 N?

47. What is the centripetal force experienced by a 1700 kg car traveling at 23 m/s through a

curve with a radius of 85.0 m?

48. Is centrifugal force a real force? Explain.

49. A 4.2 kg ball is launched upward with a force of 85 N. What is the ball’s upward acceleration?

50. What happens to the centripetal force if:

a. velocity doubles? b. radius doubles? c. mass doubles?

51. How does the gravitational force change if:

a. one of masses doubles? d. distance between masses is tripled?

b. both masses double? e. distance between masses is doubled?

c. distance is reduced to half? f. one mass doubled and distance doubled?

52. Two identical 4.0 kg balls experience a gravitational force of 2.2 x 10-9 N. How far apart are

they from each other?

53. A gravitational force of 3.54 x 10-10 N is exerted by two objects that are 0.55 m apart. If the

first object has a bass of 0.42 kg, what is the mass of the second object?

54. What is torque?

55. What three factors affect the amount of torque produced? What conditions will produce the

most torque?

56. Two children sit on a balanced seesaw. One child weighs 235 N and sits 6.0 m left of center.

The second child weighs 195 N. How far to the right of the center is the second child located?

57. A spring scale located 35 cm from a pivot point reads 5.9 N. What is the value of a mass

located 15 cm from the pivot point, if the beam it hangs from is balanced?

58. Define work and power.

59. What conditions must be met to do work on an object? What are some examples of work?

60. A force of 58 N is used to push a 20 kg cart down a hallway for 72 m. What work is done

on the cart?

61. A 8250 N car is pushed a distance of 35.0 m in 86 seconds. What was the power?

62. What is the relationship between the kinetic and potential energies of a falling object?

63. What happens to the KE if the velocity of the object doubles? triples? quadruples?

64. When is PE greatest for an object?

65. What is the change in PE for a 2.0 kg object that falls a distance of 15 m? What would

the object’s KE be?

66. What is change in the gravitational potential energy of an 12.0 kg object that is moved

from a height of 1.2 m to a height of 3.0 m?

67. An 4.5 kg bowling ball travels at 12.0 m/s. If the ball rolls up a hill that is 4.0 m high, how

fast will it move at the top of the hill?

68. What does a machine do?

69. A mover pushes a 1200 N piano up a ramp that has a height of 1.5 m. The mover walks

the piano up the length of the ramp which is 7.5 m.

a. What is the ideal mechanical advantage of the ramp?

b. What would the ideal mechanical advantage of the ramp be if the ramp was 2.0 m high?

70. What is the efficiency of a inclined plane which required 2400 J of input work and produced

2150 J of output work?

71. What produces the greatest momentum?

72. What is an impulse?

73. How can you decrease the force experienced during a collision?

74. What is the better way to stop a car—applying your brakes or slamming into a wall? Why?

Explain in terms of momentum and force.

75. Two objects experience the same change in momentum. What is true about the velocity

change experienced by the larger mass?

76. What occurs during an elastic collision?

CP PHYSICS, FINAL EXAM REVIEW – Fall 2008, page 4

77. What occurs during an inelastic collision?

78. What is the momentum of a 1100 kg car traveling east at 21.0 m/s?

79. A 52 kg boy runs down the sidewalk at 1.5 m/s and jumps on a stationary 3.4 kg skateboard.

What velocity will the boy on the skateboard have?

80. A 850 kg compact car traveling at 22 m/s runs into a stationary 1200 kg car. If the two

cars become stuck together, how fast do they move from the point of impact?

81. A 1350 kg car moving at 18 m/s collides head-on with a 1800 kg pick-up truck. Both cars

come to a complete stop after the impact. How fast was the pick-up truck traveling before

the collision?

82. A 0.045 kg bullet is fired from a 1.8 kg gun. If the bullet leaves the barrel of the gun with

a velocity of 285 m/s, what is the velocity of the gun’s kick?

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