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Chapter 17 Review QuestionsWhat is energy efficiency? What are nine advantages of improving energy efficiency?How much of the energy used in the United States is wasted? What percentage is wasted because of the second law of thermodynamics, and what percentage is wasted unnecessarily? What is life cycle cost? What are three of the least efficient energy-using devices?What is net energy efficiency and how can it be improved?What is cogeneration, and how efficient is it compared with producing electricity by a conventional coal-burning or nuclear power plant? List two other ways to save energy in industry.What do most experts believe is the best way to save energy in transportation? Why isn’t this being emphasized in the United States?Explain why the real costs of gasoline to consumers in the United States is several times the price they pay at the pump.List the advantages and disadvantages of using (a) hybrid-electric cars and (b) fuel-cell cars.What are three important ways to save energy in houses and other buildings?Describe how we can save energy in homes by using (a) superinsulated houses, (b) strawbale houses, and (c) eco-roofs.List five ways to reduce energy waste in existing homes.What are the four most efficient ways to heat a house? What are the most efficient and least efficient ways to heat water for washing and bathing?List two reasons why there is little emphasis on saving energy in the United States, despite its important benefits.Section IIDistinguish between a passive solar heating system and an active solar heating system, and list the advantages and disadvantages of these systems for heating buildings.Describe six ways to cool houses naturally.List the advantages and disadvantages of concentrating solar energy to produce high-temperature heat or electricity.What is a solar cell? List the advantages and disadvantages of using solar cells to produce electricity.Distinguish among large-scale hydropower, small-scale hydropower, and pumped-storage hydropower systems. List the advantages and disadvantages of using hydropower plants to produce electricity.What are (a) a wind turbine and (b) a wind farm? List the advantages and disadvantages of using wind to produce electricity.List the advantages and disadvantages of (a) burning solid biomass as a source of energy, (b) using ethanol as a vehicle fuel, and (c) using methanol as a vehicle fuel.What is geothermal energy? Describe three types of geothermal reservoirs. List the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy to produce heat and electricity. List the advantages and disadvantages of producing hydrogen from water or organic compounds and using the hydrogen as a source of energy.What is micropower, and what are the advantages over macropower electricity systems? Describe five types of micropower systems.Summarize the three different economic approaches that can be used to stimulate or dampen the use of a particular energy resource. List the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.List major ways various analysts have suggested to help make the transition to more sustainable angry future by improving energy efficiency.List major ways various analysts have suggested to help make the transition to more sustainable energy future by using more renewable energy, and reducing pollution and health risks from energy use. ................
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