WordPress.com



Sexual & Reproductive HealthThe Importance of Sexual & Reproductive HealthDiscussing topics within sexual and reproductive health such as menstruation, pregnancy, male and female anatomy, family planning, and STIs are many times seen as taboo to Liberian families. It is important to break down the stigma of these topics, and openly discuss the correct information to youth in our communities so that correct information continues to be spread among their peers.Sexual & Reproductive Health ActivitiesCommon Beliefs Girls & Boys Activity 1: What is Puberty?Girls & Boys Activity 2: What’s the Part? Reproductive AnatomyGirls & Boys Activity 3: Sex & Pregnancy Girls& Boys Activity 4: Where is the Egg? The Menstrual Cycle Girls Activity 5: My Normal Menstrual Cycle Boys Activity 5: Myths About Menstruation Girls& Boys Activity 6: Family Planning Girls &Boys Activity 7: How to Use a Condom Girls & Boys Activity 8: Sexually Transmitted Diseases *These activities connect back to the session in the GBV section on power. Negotiation, power and respect is an important part of sex education.References:Menstrual Hygiene Management Peace Corps Toolkit, 2015Program H: Working with Young Men, 2002Common Beliefs – What you will hear about Family Planning“Family planning will stop me from borning for the rest of my life.”What you can say:“Family planning will not stop you from borning (having children) for the rest of your life. Family planning will only stop you from borning while you take it. When you stop taking family planning you will be able to have children.”“All family planning will make me fat!”What you can say:“Everyone’s body reacts differently to different family planning. If you do not like the way one family planning is reacting to your body, it is ok to try a different one that will work for you. Do not compare your body to anybody else. Remember that all medications have side effects, and if one family planning is not good for you, it is ok to change it.”“If a condom goes in my mouth, the poison on it can make me sick.”What you can say: “Condoms are not poisonous. It is important to use condoms during all types of sex (oral, vaginal, anal). STIs can be contracted in the mouth if not protected.”“A condom will not fit on me.”What you can say: “Condoms are made to stretch. They can fit all sizes.”“My aunty said that her sister’s brother’s wife used family planning and still got belly.”What you can say:“Many people know about family planning, but it is common that people do not use it correctly. It is important to remind people to use family planning correctly.”“Family planning can stop me from menstruating, and will cause a growth inside of me.”What you can say: “Many methods of family planning stop a woman from ovulating (releasing an egg from her ovary). This means that there is no need for the uterus prepare for an egg to come, and she will not menstruate. If a woman is taking family planning and does not receive (menstruate), it is normal. However, if you are worried, it is important to see a doctor.”Common Beliefs – What you will hear about Sex & Pregnancy“If I get standing penis, that means I must have sex or else I will get sick or get an infection.”What you can say: “If a man has a standing penis (erection), he can wait a small amount of time and it will go away by itself. Every time a man has an erection, it is not necessary for him to always have sex to relieve it. The most important thing to remember is that sex must always be an agreement between partners.” “When a woman gets the feeling for sex plenty, that means that she is not normal.”What you can say: “Sexual desire is a natural and normal thing. It is healthy for both men and women to feel sexual desire or the feeling for sex at any time.”“Sperm comes out of the penis first before semen during ejaculation. Semen prepares way for sperm.”What you can say: “Sperm does NOT come outside of the penis before semen during ejaculation. Sperm lives inside of the semen, just like salt is inside of soup. The two are not separate when outside of the body. It is important to always use a condom or proper family planning to control pregnancy. Pulling out the penis before ejaculation is NOT a form of family planning.”“If I hold my breath during sex, then I cannot get pregnant.”What you can say:“If you are having unprotected sex (without family planning or condoms), there is ALWAYS a chance of pregnancy. Holding breath during sex can be dangerous, and will not protect against pregnancy.”“If I pull out right before I ejaculate, my girlfriend cannot get pregnant.”What you can say:“When a man has a standing penis (erection), a small slippery liquid called lubricant can come out of his penis before ejaculation without him feeling. The next time you are engaging in sex, you can see that this liquid is present on the penis. This liquid can contain sperm inside and can still get a woman pregnant before the man ejaculates. It is important to always use a condom during sex.”“I can’t get pregnant the first time I have sex.”What you can say:“Any time you have unprotected sex (without family planning or condoms) there is a risk of pregnancy. It does not matter how many times you have sex because there is always a risk.”“It is not good for a woman to be wet. If she is wet that means she wants to have sex with plenty men.”What you can say: “It is natural and normal for women to have slippery water called lubricant in their vagina. Sometimes it can mean that they are in the mood for sex, and other times it can mean nothing! Vaginal lubrication is normal and natural, and a woman should not be shamed for a natural human function.”Common Beliefs – What you will hear about Menstruation“If I feel pain when I receive it means infection.”What you can say:“Pain during menstruation is completely normal for women. The pain is caused from the cervix opening small, and the uterus contracting (moving back and forth, or pumping) to push blood out. If your menstrual pain is stopping you from doing activities like going to school or getting out of bed, go to a doctor to see if there is a problem.”“If I see black or brown blood in my panties that means that I have infection.”What you can say: “Remember that blood is forming inside of the uterus for a one-month cycle. The first blood to come out is older blood. Just like if you let blood dry on a sheet for a few days, the color will change, the blood that is older will also be darker. This blood is healthy and normal.”“If my period lasts for only three days every month, then that means my body get problem.”What you can say:“Not everybody has the same menstrual cycle. Some women will bleed for one day, and some women will bleed for eight days. However, if it is longer than eight days, see a doctor. Figure out what is normal for your body. If you feel like something in your body is not right, be sure to see a doctor.”“Menstrual blood is dirty.”What you can say: “Menstrual blood is normal and clean. There is nothing dirty about menstrual blood and it should not be shamed.”“If a woman is menstruating she should not cook food for the home.”What you can say: “If a woman is menstruating, she can do anything that she wants to do. Menstruation is natural and does not stop her from being able to do daily tasks. Her menstruation also does not affect things around her such as food.”“Menstruating women have to be careful about what they are eating.” i.e.: “They can only eat rice.”What you can say: “Though a woman may feel nauseous during menstruation, she can eat whatever food she wishes to eat.”“A girl should not go to school while she is menstruating.”What you can say: “A girl should go to school while she is menstruating so she does not fall behind. If she is prepared for her menstruation cycle, she will be prepared to go to school.”“A girl who is menstruating should avoid exercise and other physical activities.”What you can say: “Exercising during menstruation can help reduce menstrual cramps and make a girl feel better.”“Starting to menstruate means that a girl is ready to get married and/or be sexually active.”What you can say: “Beginning menstruation does not mean a girl is ready to get married or have sex. That is a person choice! Many girls begin to menstruate at the age of 10 or 11 and are two young to have the large responsibility that comes with children and marriage.”“You can’t get pregnant during menstruation.”What you can say:“You CAN get pregnant during your period. Once inside of you, sperm can live for 3-5 days. Ovulation can occur during, or soon after the bleeding phase. If you don’t want to get pregnant, don’t have sex, or use birth control every single time you have sex!”Girls & Boys Activity 2 – What is puberty?1 hourObjective:Participants will understand the basic physical and mental changes that occur inside and outside of the body during puberty, and how to manage these changes.Materials:Flipchart/chalkboardTapeMarkers/ChalkRUMP/KotexPreparation:Set up two flip charts prepared to be drawn on. Before beginning the conversation, be sure to create a “safe space,” where participants can feel judgment free, and are able to be honest about the topic. Facilitator Notes:It is most likely that adolescents have not had the discussion about puberty, the body, or sexual desire before. The younger the participants are, the more nervous they will be to talk about these things. Ice breakers and reminders of safes space can be helpful to mitigate the discussions. It is also important to note that topics such as menstruation and ejaculation may come up during puberty. It is your choice to go deeper into those conversations, using the information from the menstruation and sex sessions in this manual, however, the purpose of this session is to introduce these things to participants, and to discuss how the bodies change over all. Motivation – What do you know?Ask participants a series of questions in order to get them thinking about the topic that you will discuss. What is the difference between a four-year-old, and a baby?The answers that participants come up with should include: babies do not have teeth, they have less hair, they cannot walk or speak words, four-year-old children can run, talk, walk, have hair, and have teeth. What is the difference between an eight-year-old and a fifteen-year-old?The answers that participants come up with should include: a 15 year-old’s voices are different (deeper for men), more muscles on teenagers, taller, girls develop breasts at 15, etc. Information & Practice – Puberty in Adolescent Males and FemalesBefore beginning to talk about the specific changes during puberty, it is important to know about why these changes occur, and be able to relay that to adolescent participants. Below is useful information that will come up in the discussion about puberty, that you can use when proceeding with the activity:Key wordsHormones: Chemical messages in the brain that let parts of the body communicate with each other. The messages change as you grow older. Estrogen: Messages in a girl’s brain that is responsible for the way her body changes as she grows up.Testosterone: Messages in a boy’s brain that is responsible for the way his body changes as he grows up.Menstruation: When the inside of the uterus sheds and comes out every month in order to prepare for a pregnancy. This happens because hormones like estrogen are being sent around the body to tell the womb to prepare for a pregnancy each month.Ejaculation: When sperm and semen (man water) are pushed out of the penis. This happens because hormones like testosterone sends messages to the body to make sperm in the testicles, and to push it out of the penis when the person is ready.Changes During Puberty and How to Manage Them!ChangeWhat to doAcne (Girls and Boys)Get more exercise during the dayWash your face every dayDrink plenty waterEat less sugarBody odor (Girls and Boys)Take bath every dayChange clothes every dayUse lemon under arms, or deodorant Growing breasts (Girls)Consider buying a bra for comfort or support as you growPeriodBe prepared with a kotex or something to stop the blood from messing your clothes.Always have something prepared for when you are at school, or not at home.Talk to a friend or sister to see what they have done to be prepared for their menstruationPre-menstrual crampingSmall exercise, walking, or stretching can help with menstruation pain.Drink plenty waterPut hot bottle of water on the places that feel pain to reduce muscle aches.Take a warm bathErection (standing penis- Boys)Your body is getting used to all of the new messages and hormones, so an erection can be unpredictable during puberty because your body is getting used to the changes.You may think everyone can notice, but most of the time others cannot.Erections can go away on their ownTalk to friends, older brother to make you feel better about these changesWet dreams (Boys)Wet dreams are normal during pubertyTalk to your friends or older brother about what they did when they were younger, or how they are dealing with it now.Darkening of nipples (Girls)Wearing a bra can help manage this changeIncreased growth of hair (Boys and Girls)Pubic hair, leg hair, arm hair, facial hair and underarm hair is completely normal during puberty.Sometimes individuals choose to shave the hair as a way of managing it, and others just let it be.Make sure whatever you decide to do, you are comfortable with.Increased attention to physical appearance (Girls and Boys)Make sure you are treating your body healthy by eating right, bathing, and getting exercise. It is normal as you grow older to pay more attention to your physical appearance, and the physical appearance of others.Remember to always treat yourself and others with respect.Interest in romantic love(Girls and Boys)Romantic interest and feelings to the opposite sex is normal.These feelings can be new when you go through puberty, and can feel exciting.It is important to talk about these feelings, and remember that you do not need to act on them.Talking to older friends or siblings about these changes in feelings can make you feel better.Increased need for independence(Girls and Boys)Parents and teachers may not be used to you having your own independence, but it is important to communicate you wants to those around you.You can gain trust in order to have more independence by communication.Demonstrate responsibility and honesty to establish trust.Having sex, using drugs/smoking DOES NOT mean that you are being more independent or an adult.Masturbation (Girls and Boys)It is normal to masturbate.It is also normal NOT to masturbateMasturbation should be done in a private space, and can be used as a way to manage feelings for sexual desire.These feelings are normal!Unpredictable changes in mood (Boys and Girls)This is normal during pubertyTalking about your feelings to people you trust around you can help you feel better about these unpredictable changes.Find ways to relax by listening to music, spending time alone, exercising, etc.It is important to notice the times that your moods are changing, and trying to relax at that moment.Desire to be accepted and liked by friendsThe way that you maintain confidence and respect to yourself is by being true to your values and beliefs.Don’t let others change your values and what is important to you.Don’t do something that is uncomfortable just to fit into a groupUse assertive communication to tell your friends what you are willing and not willing to do.Ask parents and family to support you in this effort.On a flip chart, write the word Puberty and ask if the participants know the definition. Write the definition of puberty on the flipchart: “Puberty is the time in a male and female’s life when the body is developing in order to reproduce. Puberty usually begins at the age of 9-16 years, and takes several years to complete the process.”Explain how puberty can be a confusing, awkward, and scary time for young people, but learning about your body is important. On two separate flip chart paper draw an outline of the girl body and a boy body. Ask participants to give examples of physical and emotional changes that happen during puberty. Every time a change is mentioned, have the participant come up and draw that change on the diagram. If he changes happens to both men and women (example, underarm hair) ask them to draw the change on both. If they are uncomfortable drawing, help them out. Emotional changes can be written next to body. As the changes come up, explain what they are and how to manage them. Some of the changes, the participants might be shy or ashamed to talk about them. If they mentioned changes in the area. Explain and explore other changes that are occurring as well. Like if they bring up 'wet dreams', it might be a good time to talk about masturbation. Make sure you leave time for the participants to ask questions.Key MessagePuberty is the time in a male and female's life when the body is developing in order to reproduce. This can be an awkward time about learning about your body but it is important..Close with key message:Girls & Boys Activity 2 – What’s the Part? Reproductive Anatomy1 hourObjectives:To be able to correctly identify, label, and understand the function of the internal and external parts of the female and male reproductive systems. Materials: Flipchart/chalkboardTapeMarkers/ChalkAnatomy drawings (labeled & unlabeled)Strips of PaperPreparation:Printed/drawn and cut memory cardsPaper that says “F” and “M”.Write each reproductive on a sheet/strip of paperPoster size drawings of reproductive anatomy (see below).Printed/drawn diagrams of unlabeled reproductive anatomy (see handouts).4140947139700-44524717716533075266363Urinary openingMotivation – What do you know?Before you discuss the new information that you will present, give each participant a card piece of paper that says “M” for male, and another paper that has an “F” on it for female. Tell participants that you will read the name of different parts of the male and female reproductive anatomy out loud. They will close their eyes, and if they think the part is part of the male anatomy, hold up their “M” paper. If they think it is part of the female anatomy, hold up their “F” paper. The purpose of this is to gauge the knowledge of your participants, and have them think about the male and female reproductive anatomy. Term list:Vagina Penis Labia Minora Uterus EpididymisLabia Majora Urethra Clitoris Fallopian Tube OvaryVas Deferens Cervix Urinary Opening Scrotum Vaginal OpeningTesticle Anus Prostate Gland Bladder*This will also act as a pre-test for monitoring and evaluation. Record the number of participants who identify each part correctly and use it to see who made gains in rmation – Female & Male Reproductive SystemsPrint out or draw the male and female reproductive anatomy labeled on two (or three) different flipcharts. Discuss the all the internal and external anatomy of both male and female reproductive systems, each part and its function one by one. 13525526035-24864672235415290080010Urinary openingOn another flip chart or on a chalkboard, as you talk the anatomy, write the parts name and its function so that participants can clearly understand your explanations. Give them the opportunity to take notes, if they choose. Be sure to ask if there are any questions after explaining each anatomical structure. By the end of the information discussion, you should have flip charts with the name and function of every anatomical rmation on flip chart paper for participants to understand:TermFunctionAnusPart of the body that waste leaves from. Present on both male and femaleVaginaPart of the female reproductive system that a penis enters, and a baby passes through.Labia MinoraInner opening of the vaginaLabia MajoraOuter opening of the vaginaFallopian TubePart of the female reproductive system that the egg travels to after leaving the ovary.CervixSmall opening of the uterus to the vagina.UterusFemale reproductive organ known as the “womb” where a baby grows.Urinary OpeningOpening where urine passes through.OvaryFemale reproductive organ where eggs come from.ClitorisSmall sensitive part of the female external anatomy.Vas DeferensTube that sperm passes throughUrethraOpening where urine passes through.PenisMale reproductive organ that releases sperm and urine.TesticleMale reproductive organs inside of the scrotum that produce sperm.ScrotumSkin that holds the testicles.EpididymisDuct behind the testicles that pass sperm to the vas deferens.Prostate GlandHelps produce sperm, and push semen out of the penis during ejaculation.BladderCollects and stores urine.Vaginal OpeningExternal entrance to the vaginaPractice – Anatomy Matching After discussing the internal and external parts of the male and female reproductive systems and their function, post each anatomy picture on a wall or board with the labels covered up with blank spaces (See handouts). Give each individual the name of a part on piece of paper. Tell participants that they are to work together to correctly label the anatomic structures. Individuals can be broken up into teams, and be required to describe the function of the structure to the group as they correctly label the picture. Application (Option 1)– Anatomy ‘Teach-backs’After practicing the information with this activity, challenge participants to apply the information by having individuals preform “teach backs.” Split the participants into groups of four or five (if there is a large enough number, otherwise remain in one group), and have each individual present on two anatomical structures previously discussed. The presentation should present a picture of the anatomy, a description of where it is located, if it is part of the male or female reproductive system, and its function. After each presentation, the group should respond by giving one compliment about the presentation, and one thing that the presenter can work on next time.Application (Option 2) – Anatomy MemoryBefore this activity, make sure you print and cut out anatomy cards (see handouts).Break the participants into groups of three or four. Mix all of the anatomy cards (picture, part and function) face down on a flat surface. In group, the participants will take turns flipping three of them over. The goal is to flip over the picture, the name, and the function in one turn. If the individual does not get all three matching to one reproductive part, they flip the papers back over, but keep them in their same location. Once the three correlating papers are flipped over, that individual can remove those papers off of the table. If there are many participants, you can put multiple of the same reproductive system in the mix. Modification: Consider having participants matching only the pictures and names first. Once the participants can successful achieve that goal, then add the function. You could also mix it up by only using the name and the function. Key MessageIt is important to know the parts of female and male reproductive anatomy in order to be informed and healthy.Close with key message:Monitoring and Evaluation# of participants out of total # of participants who can correctly identify match the name to the part and explain each reproductive part’s function during ‘Practice’.Application Option 1 – ‘Teach-Backs’ – # of participants out of total # of participants who correctly teach their peers about reproductive anatomy during group presentations. Application Option 2 – Anatomy Memory – # of participants out of total # of participants who can successfully match the picture, name and function of reproductive anatomy through circulating and observations during group work.1860550880745VaginaThe part where a penis enters, a baby passes through during birth and menstrual blood leaves the body.CervixSmall opening of the uterus to the vagina.UterusAlso called the “womb” where a baby can grow.Fallopian TubeWhere the egg through to the uterus after leaving the ovary.OvaryWhere eggs come from.ClitorisSmall sensitive ‘knob’ at the topic of the vaginal opening that provides pleasure.Urinary OpeningOpening where urine passes through.Vaginal OpeningWhere the penis enters during sex, where menstrual bloods exits and where child passes during birth.Labia MajoraOuter opening or lips of the vaginaLabia MinoraInner opening or lips of the vaginaAnusPart of the body that waste leaves from.PenisMale reproductive organ that releases semen and urine.UrethraOpening where urine passes through.Vas DeferensTube that sperm passes throughTesticleMale reproductive organs inside of the scrotum that produce semen.EpididymisDuct behind the testicles that pass semen to the vas deferens.Prostate GlandProtects sperm and helps semen go outside the body through the urethra during sex.BladderStores urine (pee pee) and helps urine go outside the body through the urethra.ScrotumSkin that holds the testicles.Girls & Boys Activity 3: Sex & Pregnancy1 hourObjective:Participants will understand the manner in which fertilization of the egg happens. Materials: Flipchart/ChalkboardBallPreparation: Draw flipcharts to describe ejaculation, ovulation and implantation (See information). Draw giant outline of the internal reproductive anatomy in the ground with a stick (or ‘stake out’ an internal reproductive anatomy with string and sticks) in an open area for the Sperm Race.Facilitator Notes:When drawing the flipchart for ovulation, make the diagram simple. It is not required to include ALL of the stages of the egg maturing. The message is simply that the ovary releases the egg (See Information Flip-Chart 2) Throughout the activities, be sure to continuously reference the previously discussed flipcharts to ensure clarity. The activities are meant to be fun and interactive, but it is important that everyone participating is understanding the information correctly. Motivation –True or False? (Pre-Test)Ask participants a series of true or false questions. If the participants believe that the statement is false have them stand. If the participants believe that the statement is true, have them sit. If the participants do know, have them put their hands on their head while standing. Ovulation is when the egg develops in the ovary, moves through the fallopian tube, and into the uterus (True).Ejaculation is when a man’s penis is erect (or standing) (False).Fertilization is when the egg dissolves and menstruation begins (False).Implantation is when a fertilized egg makes a home inside of the uterus (True).Pregnancy cannot happen if a woman has sex only one time (False).Pregnancy is when three sperm fertilize one egg at the same time (False).Information – How did I get Pregnant?On one flip chart, write the word Ejaculation. Define the word, and describe where the sperm goes. It will be helpful to draw, or print these pictures separately as a visual aid for your participants. Flip Chart 1 – EjaculationSperm are released from the man’s penis during sex, called.swim up the vagina, through the cervix and uterus to look for an egg in the fallopian tube.Say: Sperm are released from the man’s penis during sex is called ejaculation. That means millions of sperms out of the penis. They are very tiny and you can’t see them. After ejaculation, where are the sperm going? Sperm swim up the vagina, through the cervix and uterus to look for an egg in the fallopian tube.3107307111137Flip Chart 2 – Ovulation48487661092Eggs are released from the ovary during what is called.During ovulation, the lining of the gets thicker waiting for an egg.Say:Where do eggs come from? Eggs are released from the ovary during what is called ovulation. The egg begins to travel down the fallopian tube. During ovulation, the lining of the uterus gets thicker waiting for an egg.Flip Chart 3 – Fertilizationhappens when one lucky sperm penetrates an egg in the fallopian tube.Say: Fertilization happens when one sperm penetrates an egg in the fallopian tube. The fertilized egg then makes its way to the uterus.Flip Chart 4 – Implantationhappens when fertilized egg finds it way to the uterus and makes a home in the uterine walls.Say:Implantation happens when the fertilized egg finds its way to the uterus and makes a home in the uterine wall. The fertilized egg will then grow into a baby. If an egg does not meet sperm and get fertilized, then no implantation will happen, and menstruation will begin.Practice – Sperm Race #1After discussing the concept of only one sperm being able to fertilize a single egg, review and reinforce the topic with this activity. Draw a giant outline of internal reproductive anatomy on the ground using a stick or, if available, use sticks and string to ‘stake out’ the diagram. Review the different parts by quizzing the participants and pointing out each part in the diagram. Place the ball in the fallopian tube and have the participants’ race. Whoever gets the ball, is the “winning” sperm that fertilizes the egg. You can add more to this activity by having them answer a trivia question about fertilization or pregnancy upon reaching the ball. Application – True or False? (Post-Test)Ask participants a series of true or false questions. If the participants believe that the statement is false have them stand. If the participants believe that the statement is true, have them sit. If the participants do know, have them put their hands on their head while standing. If the statement is false, be sure to have a short discussion as to why it is incorrect, and what the true statement would be.Ovulation is when the egg develops in the ovary, moves through the fallopian tube, and into the uterus (True).Ejaculation is when a man’s penis is erect (or standing) (False).Fertilization is when the egg dissolves and menstruation begins (False).Implantation is when a fertilized egg makes a home inside of the uterus (True).Pregnancy cannot happen if a woman has sex only one time (False).Pregnancy is when three sperm fertilize one egg at the same time (False).Key MessageIt’s never too late for me to be more responsible about having sex through better communication with my partner, starting family planning and getting tested STIs.Close with key message:Monitoring and EvaluationRecord results of pre-test (Motivation) and post-test (Application) then analyze who gained new knowledge about how pregnancy happens.Girls & Boys Activity 4– Where is the Egg? The Menstrual Cycle 1 hourObjective:To understand the process of ovulation, and what is happening to the uterine wall leading up to menstruation. Materials:Flipchartchalkboardchalk Preparation:Draw each stage of the menstrual cycle on a poster sheet (see photos below). Educate yourself on the normal and abnormal symptoms of menstruation, as well as the correct and incorrect cultural beliefs about menstruation. Facilitator Notes:It is important to manage questions as you are presenting new information about the menstrual cycle. Be sure to tell your participants that there will be a time for questions. This is important because questions about menstruation can commonly lead to a discussion of myth or fact, which there can be dedicated time for set aside from understanding the concepts of the cycle itself. Motivation – Fact or Myth? (Pre-Test)Ask participants a series of true or false questions. If the participants believe that the statement is false have them stand. If the participants believe that the statement is true, have them sit. If the participants do know, have them put their hands on their head while standing. This activity is important to gauge the attitudes and beliefs of your participants prior to new information.The egg explodes and that is why women menstruate. (false) If a girl is menstruating, that means that she should not go to school. (false)If menstrual blood is brown or black, that means infection. (false)Pain during menstruation is normal, and a woman does not need to go to the clinic if she feels small pain. (true) If a woman menstruates for five days every month, that means that she has an infection. (false)If a woman is menstruating, she can still do all of her daily work and responsibilities, like cooking, or enjoying her time with friends. (true)Information – Where is the egg? The egg gets ripe inside of the ovary. One egg is released from one ovary once a month. The uterine wall is remaining thin. “See, the egg is inside of the ovary for this month. The uterine lining is very thin when the egg is staring to get ripe inside of the ovary.”The egg is now moving outside of the ovary, and into the fallopian tube waiting to be fertilized. The uterine wall is getting a little bit thicker, as it prepares for an egg to come and stay. “You can see that the one egg gets ripe for the month and has moved from the ovary to the fallopian tube. The uterine lining is beginning to get a little bit thicker, in preparation for the egg that is getting closer. Can you see the difference between this first picture, and this one?”The egg has now moved from the fallopian tube and into the uterus. The uterine lining is now thicker than before, waiting the fertilized egg to implant. “You can now see that the egg moved from the fallopian tube and into the uterus. The egg is not fertilized, but the uterus lining is getting even thicker, waiting for a fertilized egg to make a home there.” The egg was not fertilized, and no implantation happened, so it dissolved. The lining of the uterus has no use anymore so it sheds in the form of blood, and exits through the cervix and vagina so that a new uterine lining can be made, and the process will begin again. “No sperm came to fertilize the egg, so it did not need to make a home inside of the uterus. The egg dissolves, just like sugar in hot tea. The lining of the uterus leaves the body by coming out through the cervix and vagina. This happens so that a new lining can be made, and the process of a new egg traveling through the system can happen again the next month. Be sure to emphasize that this is a continuous cycle for women who menstruate, and the process will always continue. Tape the individual pictures (replicated on poster board) to a chalkboard, and draw the arrows of the cycle with chalk next to the appropriate pictures. For example:Practice – Where is the egg?Separate your participants in four groups. Randomly distribute one menstrual cycle phase to each group. Tell them to discuss the following questions:Where is the egg? (Have them correctly specify where in the reproductive anatomy the egg is. If the lining is shedding, the answer should be that the egg dissolved.)Where is the egg coming from?Where is the egg going next?What is happening to the uterine lining in this phase?After about 7 minutes of discussion, gather the group’s attention again. Have the group come up and present their phase of the menstrual cycle (the presentation does not have to be in order of the menstrual phase).When each group comes up to present, have them place their phase on the empty cycle drawn on the board. It does not matter where the first group places their phase, so long as the groups after them place their phases correctly according to that one. Have each group present their phase making sure they are saying (in words, not just pointing) where the egg is and what is happening to the uterine lining.Before the presentations, the board should look like this: Be sure to refer back to the larger group for feedback if participants are correct. After all groups present, emphasize that this is a cycle, and it will always continue as long as the woman is of menstruating age. Application – Fact or Myth? (Post-Test)Ask participants a series of true or false questions. If the participants believe that the statement is false have them stand. If the participants believe that the statement is true, have them sit. If the participants do know, have them put their hands on their head while standing. If the statement is false, be sure to have a short discussion as to why it is incorrect, and what the true statement would be.The egg explodes and that is why women menstruate. (false) If a girl is menstruating, that means that she should not go to school. (false)If menstrual blood is brown or black, that means infection. (false)Pain during menstruation is normal, and a woman does not need to go to the clinic if she feels small pain. (true) If a woman menstruates for five days every month, that means that she has an infection. (false)If a woman is menstruating, she can still do all of her daily work and responsibilities, like cooking, or enjoying her time with friends. (true)Key MessageMenstruation is normal, and a natural part of every woman’s life. It is always important to know about the body and how it works, so that we can live healthy and help others be healthy too. Close with key message:Monitoring and EvaluationRecord results of Pre-Test (Motivation) and Post-Test (Application) then analyze who gained new knowledge about how menstruation works.Girls Activity 5– My Normal Menstrual Cycle1 hourObjectives:To understand that every woman’s menstrual cycle is different, how to recognize that what is normal and what is not normal during menstruation and to debunk common myths.Materials:Poster of the female reproductive systemFlipchart/chalkboardMarkers/ChalkRed sock, shirt or sheet (to be used as an egg)Small and large palm nutsCopies of My Normal MenstruationPreparation:Write normal or abnormal on a flipchartWrite or print fact or myth cards.Sign/Flipchart that says “Myths” and Sign/Flipchart that says “Facts”.Facilitator Notes:It is common for participants to ask many specific questions about normal and abnormal symptoms. It is important to remind participants that you are not a medical professional, and to always visit their clinic if they are concerned about their bodies or menstrual cycle. Key VocabularyPads: Kotex or Blue Biscuit (tampons are not available but disposable pads are, but most people don't use them. It is common for woman to use scraps of old clothes or lappa, sometimes using new cloth every time, but many times reusing the same one.)Period: receiving / menstruatingMotivation– True or False?Read the following true or false statements about menstruation to the participants. They should close their eyes and do the following: hands on their head if the statement is true, hands on waist if the statement is false, one hand on the hip and one hand out if they don't know. One member of your group should monitor how many people answer true. The following are the statements:When you start to menstruate, you are also ready to start having sex and get pregnant. (False)It is normal to menstruate for more than 8 days during a cycle. (False)If you have gone three months without menstruating, you ARE pregnant. (False)If I see brown or black blood then I have an infection. (False)Women who are receiving are dirty. (False)Information – Normal or Not Normal?Facilitators should get out the female reproductive system poster and review the parts and where they are located on the female body. Say: We are going to start by reviewing how menstruation works.Simple definition of Menstruation: Menstruation is a female's body's way of letting go excess tissue in the uterus because the woman is not pregnant. If a woman is pregnant the uterus will use the tissue to help develop a baby. Other Important Information about Menstruation:Menstruation only happens to females. Menstruation can begin as early as 10 years old and as late as 18 years old for most people.Women will menstruate once every 21 to 35 days, depending on their unique cycle length. Women will menstruate every month until they reach menopause in their 40s. Sometimes it takes years to regulate so you cannot use your cycle to determine when you can have sex and get pregnantAct it out: As facilitators you can act out the egg releasing from the ovaries and the 28 day cycle. Use the red sock as the egg and have one facilitator stand with their arms curled to look like the female reproductive system. Hands will be the ovaries, arms are the Fallopian tubes, chest is the uterus, hips are the cervix, and legs are the vaginal opening. The second facilitator will demonstrate how the egg travels from the ovaries and eventually dissolves in the uterus. Say:Every woman’s menstrual cycle is unique to them. Sometimes, we hear that our friend’s menstruation cycle is different from our own. There also so much incorrect information we hear from our friends, our family and it is important to know what is consider normal and when we need to go to the clinic.Review both lists of what is normal and what is abnormal, stressing that something is not normal for them, they should go to the clinic. The key message is every woman is different and how we menstruate is can be different. It is important for them to be aware of what is normal for themselves so if they experience something abnormal, they can get treatment.Explain the normal and abnormal menstrual symptoms presented verbally or on a flip chart:NormalAbnormalBlood clots the size of a palm nutMenstruation is lasting 2-7 daysMenstruation can begin at ages 10-17Menstrual painChanges in mood (you get vex quickly)Black, brown, or red menstrual bloodFeeling tiredNot bleeding for the same amount of time month to monthMenstrual bleeding can be lighter or heavier throughout the cycleStomachache and/or headacheVomitingBlood clots bigger than the size of a palm nut: go to the clinic.Menstruation lasting more than 7 days: go to the clinic.If a woman has not started to menstruate by 17 years old, go to a clinicBleeding very heavily for all 7 days of menstruation: go to the clinicIf you have been menstruating the same for years, but then that changes (no more menstruation): go to the clinicPractice – (option 1) – What is my Normal?Say: To help us understand what is ‘normal’ for us, we are going to look going to think about our menstrual cycles. Walk participants through the “My Normal” handout (See handouts). Answer any questions as they come up.Practice – (option 2) – Fact or Myth?Say: People say a lot of things about ‘receiving’ that is not true. It is important to know what is true or fact and what is a false or myth. We can help educate out peers about correct information about menstruation and to help challenge stigmas around menstruation. We know that menstruation is normal and natural to every single woman.Hand out fact and myth cards (See handouts). Participants can either work in groups or as individuals. Make sure that each participant gets at least one myth or fact card. Hang signs or write on the chalkboard ‘Myth’ or ‘Fact’. Each group of individual has to decide whether their card is a ‘Myth’ or a ‘Fact’. After each statement, have a discussion about the card, ask them why they think it's a fact or a myth and correct any incorrect answers. (NOTE: feel free to add more fact and myth statements to this discussion – see the additional ‘Myth & Facts’ in handouts.)Application – True or False? (Post-Test)As a Post-Test: Read the same true or false statements about menstruation from the ‘Motivation’ section. Again, Participants should close their eyes and do the following: hands on their head if the statement is true, hands on waist if the statement is false, one hand on the hip and one hand out if they don't know. One member of your group should monitor how many people answer true. The following are the statements:When you start to menstruate, you are also ready to start having sex and get pregnant. (False)It is normal to menstruate for more than 8 days during a cycle. (False)If you have gone three months without menstruating, you ARE pregnant. (False)If I see brown or black blood then I have an infection. (False)Women who are receiving are dirty. (False)Key MessageMy cycle is unique to me. I need to know my body and what is normal for my menstruation cycle to be a healthy woman.Close with a key message:Monitoring and EvaluationRecord results of pre-test (Motivation) and post-test (Application) then analyze who gained new knowledge about what is normal and abnormal about menstruation.Fact or Myth CardsMenstruating women are unclean.Menstrual blood is healthy and clean. It is not dangerous.Menstruating women have to be careful about what they are eating. ie: “They can only eat rice.”Though a woman may feel nauseous during menstruation, she can eat whatever food she wishes to eat.Menstruating women must stay away from food and/or water sources.Menstruating women can continue daily chores as usual- cooking, fetching water, etc. They will NOT contaminate food or water by simply touching it.A woman should sleep in a separate area, away from her family, while she is menstruating.A woman can interact with her family and friends normally while menstruating, including eating together and sleeping in the same room or bed.A girl should not go to school while she is menstruating.A girl should go to school while she is menstruating so that she does not miss classes and fall behind.You can’t get pregnant during menstruation.You can get pregnant while you are receiving. Sperm can live inside of you for 3-5 days. If you don’t want to get pregnant either do not have sex or use family planning.A touch from a menstruating girl or woman will cause a plant to become dry, milk to curdle, and a mirror to lose its brightness.Menstruating women do not have the ability to change or ruin things just by touching them. There is nothing different about how they should interact with the things and people around them.A girl who is menstruating should avoid exercise and other physical activities.Exercising during menstruation can help to reduce menstrual cramps and make a girl feel better.Starting to menstruate means that a girl is ready to get married and/or be sexually active.Beginning to menstruate does not mean a girl is ready to get married or have sex. That is a personal choice! Many girls begin to menstruate at the age of 10 or 11 and are too young to do either of these things.Menstrual cycles are always 28 days.28 days is the average length of a menstrual cycle. Some woman’s cycles are 21 days and some can be as long as 35 days.MYTHSFACTSMenstruating women are unclean.Menstrual blood is healthy and clean. It is not dangerous.Menstruating women have to be careful about what they are eating. i.e.: “They can only eat rice.”Though a woman may feel nauseous during menstruation, she can eat whatever food she wishes to eat.Menstruating women must stay away from food and/or water sources.Menstruating women can continue daily chores as usual- cooking, fetching water, etc. They will NOT contaminate food or water by simply touching it.A woman should sleep in a separate area, away from her family, while she is menstruating.A woman can interact with her family and friends normally while menstruating, including eating together and sleeping in the same room or bed.A girl should not go to school while she is menstruating.A girl should go to school while she is menstruating so that she does not miss classes and fall behind.A touch from a menstruating girl or woman will cause a plant to become dry, milk to curdle, and a mirror to lose its brightness.Menstruating women do not have the ability to change or ruin things just by touching them. There is nothing different about how they should interact with the things and people around them.A girl who is menstruating should avoid exercise and other physical activities.Exercising during menstruation can help to reduce menstrual cramps and make a girl feel better.Starting to menstruate means that a girl is ready to get married and/or be sexually active.Beginning to menstruate does not mean a girl is ready to get married or have sex. That is a personal choice! Many girls begin to menstruate at the age of 10 or 11 and are too young to do either of these things. Menstruating women are unclean and they should spend their time away from religious obligationsMenstruation is a natural process if women didn’t bleed at their time of the month then they wouldn’t be able to born children. Menstruation can’t give off an infection or a disease. Women can take part in normal activities.PMS is all in the mindPremenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is real and as many as 85% of all women experience some sort of symptoms.Bed rest is a must during your menstruationWomen should get rest during their menstruation but also get plenty of exercise. Exercise has been shown to alleviate cramps and brighten your mood!You can’t get pregnant during your menstruation.You CAN get pregnant during your period. Once inside you, sperm can live for 3-5 days. Ovulation can occur during, or soon after, the bleeding phase. If you don’t want to get pregnant, either don’t have sex, or use birth control every single time you do.Irregular menstruation cycles are bad for your reproductive health.Irregular menstrual cycles can last anywhere from 6 months to a year to become regular after the first time you start receiving. And, for some girls, it never becomes completely regular. There are lots of things, including stress, illness and intense exercise, that can mess with your cycle. Menstrual cycles are 28 days.That’s 28 days is only an average. Days in the menstrual cycle vary from woman to woman.Menstrual blood is different from regular blood.Menstrual blood is regular blood. Vaginas are a normal part of the female body, there’s nothing unusual or wrong with menstrual blood.My Normal MenstruationTopic: Most people: My Normal: The amount of time I bleed for during menstruation. Menstruate for 2-7 days, some days have heavier bleeding than others.On the days where I bleed heavy, how often do I change my cloth? Normal heavy bleeding requires you to change the cloth every 1-2 hours. How do I feel the week before I start menstruating?Before menstruating some women can bloat, feel tired, or feel weak. How long is my cycle? The number of days between each period. Between 21 to 35 days is normal, but most women is about 28 days. Do I vomit while I menstruate? Vomiting and nausea are normal. How bad do your cramps feel? Some women can feel extreme pain while other people do not feel anything. Can you see blood clots while you menstruate? Blood clots are normal and healthy as long as they are smaller than a palm nut. Do I feel hungrier when I menstruate? Some women can feel like they need to each certain foods or eat more while they menstruate. Is my menstruation regular? Do you menstruate every month on time? Younger women usually are not regular in their menstruation and it takes a few years for the body to regulate the menstruation cycle.How do you take care of your body while you are menstruating? Taking a bath everyday and making sure the vagina area is clean. Changing the cloth regularly prevents smelling and keeps the vagina clean. Boys Activity 5– Myths about Menstruation2 hoursObjectives:To understand that menstruation is natural, normal, and healthy. Men should be able to confidently support women during menstruation instead of shaming them, and be able to debunk the incorrect beliefs and myths. Materials:Flipchart/ chalkboardMarkers/chalkPaper A red sockPreparation:Draw diagram of the female reproductive systemWrite or print ‘Myth or Fact’ cards.Write ‘Myth’ on the top of a flipchart and write ‘Fact’ on the top of a flipchart (or write it on the chalkboard).Write or print ‘What Happens’ cards.Facilitator's Notes:It is important to remember that this is a very taboo subject to be discussed with men and boys. However, always be nonjudgmental when addressing their questions and comments, and continuously challenging them to find ways to support women and their health will keep this important conversation move in the direction that you want it to go. Motivation – Myth or Fact?Say:People say a lot of things about ‘receiving’ that is not true. It is important to know what is true or fact and what is a false or myth. We can help educate our peers about correct information about menstruation and to help challenge stigmas around menstruation. We know that menstruation is normal and natural to every single woman.Hand out fact and myth cards (See handouts). Participants can either work in groups or as individuals. Make sure that each participant gets at least one myth or fact card. Hang signs or write on the chalkboard ‘Myth’ or ‘Fact’. Each group of individual has to decide whether their card is a ‘Myth’ or a ‘Fact’. After each statement, have a discussion about the card, ask them why they think it's a fact or a myth and correct any incorrect answers. (NOTE: feel free to add more fact and myth statements to this discussion – see the additional ‘Myth & Facts’ in handouts.) Take note of which group/individual answered each question as myth or fact. This will be useful as you collect M&rmation – How Menstruation works?Facilitators should get out the female reproductive system poster and review the parts and where they are located on the female body. Say: We are going to start by reviewing how menstruation works.Simple definition: Menstruation is a female's body's way of letting go excess tissue in the uterus because the woman is not pregnant. If a woman is pregnant the uterus will use the tissue to help develop a baby. Other Important Information about Menstruation:Menstruation only happens to females. Menstruation can begin as early as 10 years old and as late as 18 years old for most people.Women will menstruate once every 21 to 35 days, depending on their unique cycle length. Women will menstruate every month until they reach menopause in their 40s. If a woman is menstruating, it does not mean she is ready for sex, pregnancy or marriage.Act it out:As facilitators you can act out the egg releasing from the ovaries and the 28 day cycle. Use the red sock as the egg and have one facilitator stand with their arms curled to look like the female reproductive system. Hands will be the ovaries, arms are the Fallopian tubes, chest is the uterus, hips are the cervix, and legs are the vaginal opening. The second facilitator will demonstrate how the egg travels from the ovaries and eventually dissolves in the uterus. Say:Every woman menstruates. It is a normal and natural. Sometimes, girls can be shamed or humiliated because they are receiving causing them to stay home from school or stop doing normal activities. As men and boys, we can challenge the stigmas and wrong things that people say about menstruation and receiving women. We are going to think about what we can do as boys to support women and girls.Practice & Application – Men Can Support WomenSay: We are going to talk about the common beliefs and daily challenges that menstruating women face, and what men can do to support women.This activity can be done in several ways. You can split the participants into groups and give each group a ‘What Happens’ card and have them think through together what they can do or you could have each group do a role-play to do demonstrate what they can do. You can also leave the participants as a whole group and have a discussion using the “What Happens” prompts. What happensWhat men can doYou are sitting in class, and notice that the girl in front of you has messed her clothes with menstrual blood.If you have a female teacher, have the teacher inform the girl.Find another female students friend who would be comfortable informing her.If you feel comfortable, pull the girl aside and let her know without shaming her. A group of male students or friends know that a girl is menstruating, so they begin to shame her and embarrass her.Defend the girl, and inform the men that if that girl was their sister, they would not want her to be treated like that. Inform your male friends that menstruation is normal for all women and that they should not shame. A woman you know decides to stay home from school because she is rm your friend that menstruation is normal, and manageable. Menstruating women can still go to school, and go about their normal life.Your small sister has begun to menstruate and believes that that means she should now be sexually active and know about rm your small sister that all women begin to menstruate when they are young, but that does not mean that she needs to begin having sex, or is ready for sex. However, if she decides to have sex, use a condom or family planning. Your friend tells you that he does not want to have sex with his girlfriend while she is menstruating because he believes that she is unclean and rm your friend that menstrual blood is completely clean and natural, and no different from any other blood. Also remind him that sex at any time should be an agreement between both partners, no matter if it is during, before, or after menstruation.Key MessageMenstruation is a natural and normal thing for all women. It is not dirty, and should not be shamed. I can support women by knowing the correct things to say and do if menstruating women need my help. Close with key message:Monitoring and EvaluationRepeat the motivation activity and take note of what groups/individuals answer as myth or fact. Compare the number of participants who have answered correctly based on their new learned knowledge. Fact or Myth CardsMenstruating women are unclean.Menstrual blood is healthy and clean. It is not dangerous.Menstruating women have to be careful about what they are eating. ie: “They can only eat rice.”Though a woman may feel nauseous during menstruation, she can eat whatever food she wishes to eat.Menstruating women must stay away from food and/or water sources.Menstruating women can continue daily chores as usual- cooking, fetching water, etc. They will NOT contaminate food or water by simply touching it.A woman should sleep in a separate area, away from her family, while she is menstruating.A woman can interact with her family and friends normally while menstruating, including eating together and sleeping in the same room or bed.A girl should not go to school while she is menstruating.A girl should go to school while she is menstruating so that she does not miss classes and fall behind.You can’t get pregnant during menstruation.You can get pregnant while you are receiving. Sperm can live inside of you for 3-5 days. If you don’t want to get pregnant either do not have sex or use family planning.A touch from a menstruating girl or woman will cause a plant to become dry, milk to curdle, and a mirror to lose its brightness.Menstruating women do not have the ability to change or ruin things just by touching them. There is nothing different about how they should interact with the things and people around them.A girl who is menstruating should avoid exercise and other physical activities.Exercising during menstruation can help to reduce menstrual cramps and make a girl feel better.Starting to menstruate means that a girl is ready to get married and/or be sexually active.Beginning to menstruate does not mean a girl is ready to get married or have sex. That is a personal choice! Many girls begin to menstruate at the age of 10 or 11 and are too young to do either of these things.Menstrual cycles are always 28 days.28 days is the average length of a menstrual cycle. Some woman’s cycles are 21 days and some can be as long as 35 days.MYTHSFACTSMenstruating women are unclean.Menstrual blood is healthy and clean. It is not dangerous.Menstruating women have to be careful about what they are eating. i.e.: “They can only eat rice.”Though a woman may feel nauseous during menstruation, she can eat whatever food she wishes to eat.Menstruating women must stay away from food and/or water sources.Menstruating women can continue daily chores as usual- cooking, fetching water, etc. They will NOT contaminate food or water by simply touching it.A woman should sleep in a separate area, away from her family, while she is menstruating.A woman can interact with her family and friends normally while menstruating, including eating together and sleeping in the same room or bed.A girl should not go to school while she is menstruating.A girl should go to school while she is menstruating so that she does not miss classes and fall behind.A touch from a menstruating girl or woman will cause a plant to become dry, milk to curdle, and a mirror to lose its brightness.Menstruating women do not have the ability to change or ruin things just by touching them. There is nothing different about how they should interact with the things and people around them.A girl who is menstruating should avoid exercise and other physical activities.Exercising during menstruation can help to reduce menstrual cramps and make a girl feel better.Starting to menstruate means that a girl is ready to get married and/or be sexually active.Beginning to menstruate does not mean a girl is ready to get married or have sex. That is a personal choice! Many girls begin to menstruate at the age of 10 or 11 and are too young to do either of these things. Menstruating women are unclean and they should spend their time away from religious obligationsMenstruation is a natural process if women didn’t bleed at their time of the month then they wouldn’t be able to born children. Menstruation can’t give off an infection or a disease. Women can take part in normal activities.PMS is all in the mindPremenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is real and as many as 85% of all women experience some sort of symptoms.Bed rest is a must during your menstruationWomen should get rest during their menstruation but also get plenty of exercise. Exercise has been shown to alleviate cramps and brighten your mood!You can’t get pregnant during your menstruation.You CAN get pregnant during your period. Once inside you, sperm can live for 3-5 days. Ovulation can occur during, or soon after, the bleeding phase. If you don’t want to get pregnant, either don’t have sex, or use birth control every single time you do.Irregular menstruation cycles are bad for your reproductive health.Irregular menstrual cycles can last anywhere from 6 months to a year to become regular after the first time you start receiving. And, for some girls, it never becomes completely regular. There are lots of things, including stress, illness and intense exercise, that can mess with your cycle. Menstrual cycles are 28 days.That’s 28 days is only an average. Days in the menstrual cycle vary from woman to woman.Menstrual blood is different from regular blood.Menstrual blood is regular blood. Vaginas are a normal part of the female body, there’s nothing unusual or wrong with menstrual blood.Girls & Boys Activity 6– Family Planning1 hourObjectives:To explain the different types of family planning methods, how they work, their benefits, side effects, and to ensure that participants have accurate information about each method that is available to them. Materials:Flipchartchalkboardchalk Preparation:Be familiar with the information on your family planning flipchartFacilitator Notes:Be sure to review the attached “common beliefs” information in order to anticipate the types of questions that you may hear. Many individuals are coming from communities where family planning is being taken incorrectly and therefore is perceived as ineffective. Motivation – True or False (Pre-Test)This activity can happen two ways. You can split up your participants into groups and hand them signs that say “myth” or “fact” to hold up when it is time. You can also have the participants stand up if they believe if the statement is a myth, sit if the statement is a fact, or put their hands on their head if they are not sure. As a facilitator, read each statement about family planning, and have your participants display their beliefs in some way. Record the answers to compare what new knowledge they gain after the post-test after the session.Condoms are poisonous if put in the mouth. (Myth)I cannot take family planning if I am breastfeeding. (Myth)It is normal if I no longer receive when taking family planning. (Fact)Family planning gives people different sicknesses that stop people from having children in the future. (Myth)Taking family planning for years without stopping will not effect my ability to have children in the future when I choose. (Fact)Only prostitutes and women that sleep around need family planning. (Myth)If I already have children, I do not need to take family planning. (Myth)Information – Types of Family PlanningUse family planning flipchart to explain the different types of family planning.Present the picture side of the flipchart, as you review the information on the back to them. Before moving on to the next method of family planning, make time for questions about the discussed method. If there are no questions, quiz the participants by having them recall some of the information that you just presented. If available, present the sample of the family planning method collected from a clinic so that the participants can see what they look like in real life. Family Planning Flipchart 170116587630 2885080129834-526860-3526-5678041195322903220119380-581451161982295275013970291662983128-282575118745-360960120295379540471422881004151823-360960151823Practice – Sperm Race with PreventionAfter discussing the concept of only one sperm being able to fertilize a single egg, review and reinforce the topic with this activity. Draw a giant outline of internal reproductive anatomy on the ground using a stick or, if available, use sticks and string to ‘stake out’ the diagram. Again, review the different parts by quizzing the participants and pointing out each part in the diagram. Instead of having sperm run to the egg or ball in the fallopian tube to demonstrate fertilization. You are going to introduce different items to represent different forms of family planning.A sheet will represent a condom. Place the ‘egg’ or ball in the fallopian tube. Have four participants (one for each corner) hold the sheet tight in the ‘vagina’ just before the ‘cervix’. Have the ‘sperm’ race towards the sheet but not be able to pass. Slowly move the sheet or ‘condom’ out of the vagina making the ‘sperm’ leave the vagina. You can also have the ‘condom’ break to show that if we don’t use condoms correctly pregnancy can happen.Make two ‘IUD’ signs and have two participants guard the fallopian tubes. Emphasis that the ‘sperm’ will not be able to cross the ‘IUD’ guards and that they will won’t be able to swim straight and be ‘confused’.To represent no ovulation (how the daily tablet, implant and Depo shot work), have four participants stand around the ‘egg’ or ball in the ovary holding hands. Have ‘sperm’ race to through the fallopian tube and then not be able to reach the egg and ‘die’ in the uterus.You can add more to this activity by having them answer a trivia question about different types of family planning and how to correctly use them or have them answer true or false questions. Application – Myth or Fact (Post-Test)Do the same Fact or Myth voting as you did during the motivation, either by splitting up your participants into groups and hand them signs that say “myth” or “fact” to hold up when it is time. Or by having the participants stand up if they believe if the statement is a myth, sit if the statement is a fact, or put their hands on their head if they are not sure. Again, record the answers as a post-test. After they have decided if it is a myth or fact (or if they do not know), have a discussion about the correct answer, and answer questions that your participants may have. Condoms are poisonous if put in the mouth. (Myth)MYTH: There are no chemicals on the male or female condom that are harmful to the body. Always use a condom so that diseases are not spread, even in the mouth.I cannot take family planning if I am breastfeeding. (Myth)MYTH: There are some family methods that breastfeeding women can take. If a family planning method releases a chemical called ESTROGEN into the body, breastfeeding women should NOT take it (ie. daily tablet).Breastfeeding women CAN take family planning that releases the chemical PROESTERONE into the body (ie. implant, injection, IUD). Breastfeeding women should always use condoms to prevent unwanted pregnancies. It is normal if I no longer receive when taking family planning. (Fact)FACT: Many women stop receiving their menstrual cycle one they begin family planning. It is normal, and does not cause harm to the body. It just means that your body is not letting an egg come down the uterus and is preventing pregnancy. Family planning gives people different sicknesses that stop people from having children in the future. (Myth)MYTH: Family planning only prevents you from getting pregnant but whatever method you decide to use must be used along with condoms since only condoms prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Taking family planning for years without stopping will not affect my ability to have children in the future when I choose. (Fact)FACT: You can safely take family planning continuously without worrying about getting pregnant or seeing your period. When taken correctly, family planning can help you choose when to have children.Only prostitutes and women that sleep around need family planning. (Myth)MYTH: Everyone needs family planning. It can be used for acne, menstrual pains, and be used for preventing pregnancy once sexually active. All sexually active women should use family planning to control their own futures. If I already have children, I do not need to take family planning. (Myth)MYTH: It is never too late to take family planning and plan for your future. Key MessageFamily planning can help me prevent pregnancy, control my future and keep me empowered.Close with key message:Monitoring and EvaluationRecord results of pre-test (Motivation) and post-test (Application) then analyze who gained new knowledge about correct family planning information.IndicatorsHE – 033: Individuals Trained in Sexual Reproductive Health and Modern Contraceptives MethodsNumber of target population reached with individual or small group level training on sexual and reproductive health and modern contraceptive methods.HE – 034: Showed Improvement in Knowledge of Behaviors to Prevent PregnancyNumber of Individuals who can identify at least 2 behaviors to prevent unwanted pregnancy and STIs.Girls & Boys Activity 7 – How to Use a Condom1 hourObjectives:To successfully remember the steps required in putting a condom on a penis, and understand the challenges of talking with partners about sex and condom use.Materials:Wooden penisMale condomsFlipchart/ChalkboardMarkers/ChalkFacilitator Notes: Please note that the Application section is different for boys and girls. For boys, it is important to talk about reasons why they don’t use condoms, emphasize who makes this decision in the relationship and challenge stigma around girls who suggest using condoms. For girls, given the reality of power dynamics in relationships in Liberia, the decision to use a condom or not is more likely to be made by the man. It is important for girls to practice negotiating with their partners about condom use. Motivation – Our Thoughts on Condom UseHand the participants a card and ask them to write a phrase or idea that they have heard or think about using condoms. Ask them, initially, to put their cards in the box/hat/turn them into the facilitator, which should be placed in front of the group. Explain that each one should come forward, take a card from the box/hat/facilitator and read it out loud and say if the idea written there is true or false. As they are being read, the facilitator can complement or correct the information given by the participant who has taken out the cardInformation – Condom DemonstrationSay: It is very important that we know how to use condoms correctly. If we don’t use them correctly we run the risk of pregnancy and getting an STI.Check the expiration date (must not be expired).Check if there is air inside of the condom. If there is no air that means that there might be hole in the condom and that it is spoiled. Open the package. Do not open it with your teeth. Tear from zig-zag /washboard edge to the other. Squeeze the tip of the condom.Roll condom down a STANDING penisAfter sex, take penis from vaginaRoll off condom carefully not to spill man water. Tie the condom and burn or bury it or drop it down a latrine. Reminders:Only use one condom at a time. Never use two at once. Only use water-based lubricant. Never use lotion, oil or hair grease on a condom.Practice– Condom PracticeGive all of your participants a condom and have them practice these steps with their fingers, bananas, or wooden penises. Once they are comfortable practicing the steps, have them present in front of each other if they feel comfortable. Application (Option 1: Boys) – Why Using Condoms is Important?Say: We know that condom use is very important but we also know that many men don’t use it for various reasons. It is very risky not to use a condom. Let’s talk about some of these reason and talk about how we can convince our friends that condom use is VERY good.Discussion Questions:What are the reasons that lead young men, including those who know the importance of using condoms, not to use them??How can you tell a young woman that you are going to use a condom? What if the woman asks you to use a condom and you don’t have one? What do you do? What if the young woman says she will only have sex with you if you have a condom? How would you feel?Who should suggest condom use? What would you think about a young woman who carried a condom with her? Application (Option 2: Girls) – Why Using Condoms is Important?Say: It is important to know how to correctly use a condom. It is also equally important to know how to talk to your partner about condom use. We are going to practice talking about condom use with our partners.Break up participants into small groups. Ask participants to brainstorm all of the things that men might say when he does not want to use a condom. Write them on flipchart paper. Break participants into groups of three people each. Explain that there are three roles in each group: Person A is the man who does not want to use condoms. Person B is his sexual partner. Person C is an observer. Explain that person A in each group will use one of the statements on the list and that person B, the partner, wants to use a condom, and will have to try to respond to the statement person A makes. Bring the group back together to discuss their feelings about these conversationsKey MessageI should always correctly use a condom during sex to prevent STIs and pregnancy!Close with key message:Monitoring and Evaluation# of participants out of total # of participants who can successfully and correctly demonstrate how to use a condom.Option 1 (Boys):Have participants practice how to use a condom. Walk around the room and take note of the # of participants out of total # of participants who can correctly demonstrate how to use a condom. Option 2 (Girls): # of participants in each group that can successfully negotiate for condom use. IndicatorsHE – 035: Demonstrated the Steps to Correctly Use a CondomNumber of individuals who demonstrate the steps to correctly use a condom.Girls & Boys Activity – Sexually Transmitted Infections2 hoursObjectives:To be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of different types of STIs and understand how STIs are spread from person to person.Materials:Flipchart/ChalkboardSTI FlipchartMarkers/ChalkEnvelopesPreparation:Write or print the STI Diagnosis cards (see handouts).Facilitator Notes: It is important to remember there are many myths surrounding the cause of many sicknesses in Liberia, not just STIs. When discussing STIs, many symptoms addressed are in regard to the mouth and anus. It can be helpful to define the type so of sex:Anal sex: Penis enters the anus.Vaginal sex: Penis enters the vagina. Oral sex: Female/Male reproductive organs enter the mouth. Motivation – Pre-TestSay these statements and observe responses (agree, disagree, I don’t know) in order to gauge interest, as well as the attitude and beliefs present by your participants. Keep track of how many “agree, disagree,” and “I don’t know” responses you see in order to compare them to the responses after you present the correct information. Unprotected sex can lead to an STI infection.The only ways to prevent getting STIs are using condoms or being abstinent.Ignoring the pain of an STI is healthy and will not hurt your body.If I don’t have symptoms of an STI, that means that I do not have an infection. Information – STI FlipchartPresent the new information by using your STI flipchart. Present by showing your participants the picture of the first STI, and reviewing the information about female symptoms, male symptoms, and treatment that is in front of you. Before moving on to the next STI, answer questions. If there are no questions, quiz your participants by having them recall specific information about the STI discussed. STI Flip Chart Be sure to emphasize the information on the last page of the flipchart. All the photos are of worst case scenarios or when a person is seeing symptoms. It is very important to understand that most people who have an STI do not show any symptoms or side effects. You could be look and feel perfectly healthy but actually have an STI. Emphasize why it's important to get tested at the clinic often.Practice (Option 1) – Envelope Game In one large envelope, put smaller envelopes inside (the same number as the participants that you have). In each of the following envelopes place a diagnosis card inside that will determine if they have an STI or not. Take the envelopes and have each participant take the stack and pass it to the next participant. The passing of envelopes represents sexual activity. When all envelopes are distributed, have the participants open the envelope to determine their diagnosis. Have each participant read their diagnosis cards, and hold a discussion about each one. Have all of the participants who have a diagnosis that advises them to go to the clinic group together, and the healthy participants group together. Discuss the importance of going to the clinic for testing and treatment of STIs. Practice (Option 2) – STI Tea PartySplit your participants into (preferably) eight groups, or have at least eight individuals to participate. Give each group/individual one STI character description from the handout (STI Tea Party Characters) and the STI Tea Party worksheet. Have each group/individual take a few minutes to read over their STI character description and fill in their STI on the worksheet. Next, have the groups/individuals communicate with each other in order to fill in the rest of the worksheet. By the end of the activity, each group/individual will have a complete list of all STIs, their causes, symptoms, and treatments. Hold a discussion about the information by quizzing your participants on the various names of STIs, symptoms, causes, and treatments. This will ensure that groups/individuals have the correct information written on their worksheet. Application – Post TestSay these statements and observe responses (agree, disagree, I don’t know) in order to gauge interest, as well as the attitude and beliefs present by your participants. Keep track of how many “agree, disagree,” and “I don’t know” responses you see and compare them to the previous responses to see how/if they have changed.Unprotected sex can lead to an STI infection.The only ways to prevent getting STIs are using condoms or being abstinent.Ignoring the pain of an STI is healthy and will not hurt your body.If I don’t have symptoms of an STI, that means that I do not have an infection.Key MessageSTIs are dangerous sicknesses. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms so I can get treatment. I should use a condom to prevent STIs.Close with key message:Monitoring and EvaluationRecord results of pre-test (Motivation) and post-test (Application) then analyze who gained new knowledge about sexually transmitted infections.Option 1: Envelope GameAt the end of the activity quiz your participants with true or false questions based on the information discussed. Condoms can prevent STIs. (true)STIs are passed from person to person through sexual contact. (true)Blisters in your mouth are a symptom of gonorrhea. (true)Yellow or green water coming out of the penis or vagina is a symptom of chlamydia. (true)If a person tells you they do not have an STI, it is ok to NOT use a condom. (false)Yellow skin is a symptom of syphilis. (false)Option 2: Tea PartyAsk your participants various questions about the causes, symptoms, treatments, and preventions of the STIs discussed in the activity. Keep track of the questions you ask (at least eight questions are recommended, one for each STI), and if the individual answered correctly. This information will help you to record if the correct information was gathered and understood. IndicatorsHE – 034: Showed Improvement in Knowledge of Behaviors to Prevent Pregnancy or Prevent STIs Number of individuals who can identify at least 2 behaviors to prevent pregnancy or prevent STIs. You’re HEALTHY! Congratulations! You were responsible and used a condom when you had sex.STI Diagnosis Cards You’re SICK! Oh no…you did not use a condom during oral sex, and now you have blisters in your mouth. Go to the clinic! You have gonorrhea! You’re SICK! You had sex last night without a condom, and now you are seeing green and yellow discharge in your underwear. It also burns when you urinate. Go to the clinic! You have gonorrhea! You’re HEALTHY! The person you had sex with told you that they have gonorrhea. You decided to use a condom, and you were NOT infected! You’re HEALTHY! You were diagnosed with Chlamydia but went to the hospital to get treatment. You also waited to have sex until the sickness was gone! You’re SICK! You notice that every time you have sex, you bleed from your genitals. Go to the clinic! You have HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) from unprotected sex. You’re HEALTHY! You had sex with a person who had HIV, and you did not know they were infected. But, thankfully you used a condom! You protected yourself! You’re SICK! You had sex with a person who had HIV, and you did not know they were infected. They kept it a secret and you two had sex without a condom. Now, you have a high fever, a rash, headache, and you feel weak. You have HIV, go to the clinic! You’re SICK! Oh no…you did not use a condom during oral sex, and now you have blisters in your mouth. Go to the clinic! You have gonorrhea! You’re HEALTHY! Congratulations! You were responsible and used a condom when you had sex. You’re SICK! You have a fever, a rash all over your hands, you feel weak, and your body is sore. You remember that you had unprotected sex, and are worried. You go to the clinic and find out you have syphilis. You’re HEALTHY! You know that the person you are about to have sex with has syphilis so you decide to use a condom to protect yourself. You did not get the sickness! You’re HEALTHY! You are about to have sex but you see that your partner has small red bumps on their genitals. You decide to a condom to protect yourself, and now you are still healthy!You’re SICK!You had unprotected sex with someone last week. Now you are noticing red bumps on your genitals and itching on your thighs. You have genital herpes! Go to the clinic! You’re SICK! You have had unprotected sex 3 times this month. Now, you are vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, yellow skin and eyes, and dark urine. You have hepatitis! Go to the clinic! You’re HEALTHY! The person you were about to have sex with told you that they have Hepatitis. You decided not to have sex with them and protected yourself from the sickness. You’re SICK! Your partner has Trichomoniasis and you decided to have unprotected sex with them. You are now noticing burning and itching inside of your vagina/penis, and it is painful when you urinate. Go to the clinic! You have Trichomoniasis. You’re HEALTHY! Your partner has Trichomoniasis, but used a condom before you two had sex. It’s been a week and you are not sick! The condom kept you healthy! You’re SICK! You knew your partner had Chlamydia when you had sex, but they told you it was not contagious. You woke up the next morning with stomach pains and discharge from your genitals. Go to the clinic! You have Chlamydia! You’re HEALTHY! Congratulations! You used a condom, and you protected yourself from any STIs!STI Tea Party CharactersChlamydiaHi, my name is Chlamydia. I am a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria. I am spread during sex, which means you cannot get me if you touch a toilet seat or toilet paper. But be careful, men can spread the infection without ejaculation.The most important fact about me is that I am, most frequently, without symptoms. I can therefore be left untreated and cause infertility. If symptoms occur in women, they include vaginal discharge, burning during urination, and bleeding in between periods; in men, they include pain when urinating and abnormal discharge from their penis. I can infect the urinary tract and potentially lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Since I’m often asymptomatic, doctors usually look for me once a year in all sexually active persons. I frequently go along with other STIs, so if I’m found, doctors will test for other infections as well. I am curable, but to get rid of me requires treatment of both partners with antibiotics. Since I hide very well (remember, I am asymptomatic), I cause re-infections and infertility as a complication. This is why doctors need to test after the treatment to see if the therapy was successful.GonorrheaHi, my name is Gonorrhea. I am a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria. I can also grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus. I can still be transmitted via fluids even if a man does not ejaculate.I sometimes cause no symptoms at all. But in men, I may manifest as a burning sensation when urinating, painful or swollen testicles, or a white, yellow, or green discharge from the penis that usually appears one to five days after contact with an infected partner; however, some men might not notice symptoms for up to a month. In women, I can cause painful or burning sensation when urinating, thick yellowish vaginal discharge, or vaginal bleeding between periods. I can be cured with antibiotics but I may cause infertility as a complication.Hepatitis BHi, my name is Hepatitis B. I am a virus that can be sexually transmitted but I can be transmitted through blood and other body fluids as well. I can also prepare the field for some other diseases such as hepatitis C. I love to stay in the liver, and have lots of fun blowing up the liver, producing yellowish discoloration of the eyes and other places. When I want to be very naughty I can cause liver cancer.I can be prevented by vaccination, but it should be given in three doses and done in a timely manner—over a course of months. I can also be prevented by correctly using condoms during sex.I can proudly say that no drug exists that can get rid of me once I make my home in the human body.SyphilisHi, my name is Syphilis. I am a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria. I am spread through direct contact during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. I move around through the painless sores or rashes created by me. If I am left untreated, the sores temporarily resolve. But mind you, I am only asleep and I may wake up and produce a full body rash, and then resolve and return into hiding again. My second and third comings could land me in the brain or the heart. Unfortunately, man has devised an antibiotic to get rid of me. However, I can cause long-term complications and/or death if not adequately treated.HPVHi, I am the Human Papillomavirus, but just call me HPV. I am the most common sexually transmitted virus. I am commonly spread through direct sexual contact or skin-to-skin contact during sexual acts. I may spend over 10 months in the human body before I become visible to the naked eye as warts in the genital area. In my anger, I may cause cancers in the genital area (e.g., cervix,?vagina,?penis, or?anus). There are vaccines that can prevent me from making a home in humans—but hey, I’ve got so many cousins that it’s impossible to have a vaccine for every one of us.I can proudly say on behalf of my big family that there is no medication that can completely eradicate us.HerpesHi, my name is Herpes. I am a virus either associated with the mouth/face or the genital area. I travel around when there is direct contact with the blisters or sores I create on the mouth or in the genital area. I may also go from one person to another even via skin-to-skin contact when there is no obvious blister or sore. It may take three weeks or more before I start wreaking havoc in humans.Apart from the blisters or sores, I can also manifest as urethral or abnormal vaginal discharge, painful urination, or as a common flu. I typically go into hiding and appear from time to time to inflict my pain on humans because there is still no drug that can get rid of me.TrichomoniasisHi, I am Trichomoniasis, but call me “Trich” for short. I am a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a protozoa parasite that travels around through sexual intercourse. It can take me up to three weeks after intercourse to begin wreaking havoc. In women, I may produce a foul-smelling, profuse grayish vaginal discharge, and painful intercourse. In both men and women, I may manifest as a burning sensation during urination, or I could be hiding quietly without any symptoms. Unfortunately, I succumb easily to medications (antibiotics) made by humans.HIVHi, my name is HIV. I am a virus that is transmitted from person to person through sex, blood, and other body fluids. Sometimes I can be in the body for years, and nobody will know because I can live without symptoms. When I show symptoms, they can appear 2-4 weeks or sometimes years after exposure from a person. My symptoms are chills, weakness, fever, sores or blisters on the penis or vagina, body rashes, body pain, and sore throat. I can be treated with a medicine that will stop me from getting worse in the body, but unfortunately once I am in the body, there is no cure! Condoms can be used to prevent me!STI Tea Party WorksheetCharacter (STI Name)CauseSymptomsPreventionNotes on treatmentI am…Girls & Boys Activity #8: Quita's Path to a Healthy Life30 min.Objectives: Participants will be able to understand warning signs and challenges, as well as smart choices within their sexual and reproductive health. Materials: Flip Chart Paper,Facilitator Script Preparation: Create a path in a room our outside with flip chart paper, to look something like this (approximately 15ft):Healthy life!PubertySession NotesHave a volunteer participant play the role of Lovetee. Have them stand at the “Puberty” end of their “life path.” You will read from the following script, and as challenges or successes arise in Lovetee’s life, the audience will have to decide if she should take a few steps forward or backward, and why the challenges or smart decisions were good or bad for her life. The hope is that the choices that Lovetee will make in her life, will lead her to a healthy life as she grows. Facilitator Script:Lovetee lives with her mother who works hard to send her to school. Her body is beginning to change, and her mother tells her about menstruation. Ask audience if that is good or bad. Have her take two steps forward.Lovetee was not able to afford kotex this month, so she decided to stay out of school so that she won’t embarrass herself and mess her clothes. Lovetee misses one week of school. Ask audience if that is good or bad (and why): take one step back. Lovetee learns to make RUMPs (reusable menstrual pads), and can now go to school the next time she is receiving. Ask audience if that is good or bad (and why): take one step forward.One day at school, she noticed a boy that was looking at her. He came over to talk to her, and told her that she was beautiful, and he wanted to be her boyfriend. Lovetee likes the boy too, so she says yes. Ask audience if that is a good or bad thing (and why). Because she did not make any decisions yet within that relationship, she can remain standing where she is. When Lovetee’s mom went to town for the weekend, she invited the boy to stay the night at her house. He told her that he wants to have sex with her. Lovetee agrees, only if he puts on a condom. Ask audience if that is a good or bad thing (and why): take two steps forward.One month goes by, and Lovetee’s boyfriend begs Lovetee to not use condoms during sex anymore. He told her that he had no diseases, and that she could trust him. Lovetee, afraid that her boyfriend will leave her, agrees to not use a condom. Ask audience if this is good or bad (and why): take two steps backOne week later, Lovetee notices yellow discharge in her panties, and a burning feeling when she urinates. She is worried about it so she decides to go to the clinic soon morning. Ask audience if this is a good or bad thing (and why): take one step forward (she is deciding to go get help, not diagnosing herself or ignoring it).The test results come back positive for gonorrhea. Lovetee is heartbroken, and knows that her boyfriend was not truthful with her and had cheated. Ask audience if this is a good or bad thing (and why): take one step backLovetee decides to leave this boyfriend who was not truthful to her, and decides to focus on her school work instead. WAEC is coming, and she needs to focus. Ask audience if this is a good or bad thing (and why): take three steps forward One more week passes, and Lovetee tells her mother that she is not feeling well at all, and she thinks that she may still have an STI because she has not seen her period on time. She is never late with her period, so she is sure that something is still wrong with her. Lovetee’s mother carries her to the clinic that afternoon. Ask audience if this is good or bad (and why), and what might be the problem: Take one step forward because Lovetee is choosing to get medical help.After meeting with the doctors, Lovetee finds out that she is one month pregnant. The child’s father is the boyfriend that cheated on her. Ask audience if this is good or bad (and why): take two steps backLovetee is heartbroken. When she told her old boyfriend about the pregnancy, he said that he will not be a father to the baby. She can’t believe that she listened to that boy, and didn’t use a condom that one time. She wants to go to university and study journalism, but now she is feeling discouraged because she has to take care of a baby by herself with no help from a father. Ask audience if this is good or bad (and why): take one step backThe principal of her school let Lovetee finish up the year and sit for the WAEC even though she was 6 months pregnant. Ask audience if this is good or bad (and why): take three steps forward.Lovetee gave birth to a healthy baby girl. Lovetee wanted to be a good mother to her daughter, and further her education so that they can have a better life. She decides to go on Family Planning so that she will not be at risk of getting pregnant again. She wants to choose when she will have another child. Ask audience if this is good or bad (and why): take two steps forward. Lovetee decided to take the daily tablet family planning. She wanted to be extra safe, so she decided to take one tablet in the morning, and one tablet in the evening for the whole month. Ask audience if this is a good or bad thing (and why): take two steps back.Lovetee’s friend saw that she was taking two tablets a day, and told her to stop right away! “That is not the correct way of taking this family planning!” Lovetee took her friend’s advice, and went back to the correct dose. Ask audience if this is a good or bad thing (and why): take one step forwardLovetee decides that she wants to go to Cuttington university and study journalism. She met a nice man that is encouraging her to further her education, and they decide to wait until she is finished with university before having children. Go to finish line! Healthy choices lead to a healthy life. If mistakes happen along the way, it is not too late to make correct choices for your futureKey MessageIt is important to understand menstruation, family planning and condom usage. Knowing how to protect yourself from pregnancy and STIs will keep you a healthy man or woman.Close with key message: ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download