Muscle - Georgetown ISD



|Muscle |Origin |Insertion |Action |

|1. Frontalis (anterior part of epicranius|galea aponeurotica (epicranial |eyebrow and nose |raises eyebrows |

|– main muscle of scalp) |aponeurosis) | | |

|2. Occipitalis (posterior part of |occipital and temporal bones |galea aponeurotica |pulls scalp posteriorly |

|epicranius – main muscle of scalp) | |(epicranial aponeurosis) | |

|3. Orbicularis oculi |frontal and maxillary bones |eyelid |Closes eye |

|4. Zygomaticus |zygomatic bone |skin and muscle at corner of |raises lateral corners of mouth; smiling muscle |

| | |mouth | |

|5. Orbicularis oris |maxilla and mandible |encircles mouth |closes lips; kissing/whistling muscle |

|6. Masseter |zygomatic arch and zygomatic |mandible |prime mover of jaw closure |

| |bone | | |

|7. Temporalis |temporal fossa |mandible |closes jaw |

| | | | |

|8. Sternocleidomastoid |sternum and clavicle |mastoid process of temporal bone|Flexes head and laterally rotates head |

| | |and occipital bone | |

|9. Rectus abdominis |Pubic bone and symphysis |xiphoid process and ribs |flexes, rotates lumbar region of vertebral column; |

| | | |depresses ribs; stabilizes pelvis when walking; used |

| | | |in sit ups, curls |

|10. External oblique |Ribs |linea alba, pubic bone, and |flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall |

| | |iliac crest | |

|11. Internal oblique |Lumbar fascia, iliac crest, |linea alba, pubic bone, ribs |flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall |

| |inguinal ligament | | |

|12. Transverse abdominis |Inguinal ligament, ribs, iliac |linea alba, pubic bone |compresses abdominal contents |

| |crest | | |

|13. Serratus anterior |Ribs |Scapula |rotates scapula/moves it laterally and upward |

|14. Trapezius |occipital bone and thoracic |clavicle and scapula |stabilizes, raises, retracts, rotates scapula (moves |

| |vertebrae | |scapula) |

|15. Pectoralis major |Clavicle, sternum, |Humerus |adducts and medially rotates arm; pulls rib cage |

| |and ribs | |upward |

|16. Deltoid |clavicle and scapula |Humerus |Prime mover of arm abduction; antagonistic to |

| | | |latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major; active during |

| | | |arm swinging when walking |

|Muscle |Origin |Insertion |Action |

|17. Latissimus dorsi |Ribs, vertebrae, scapula, and |Humerus |Prime mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; |

| |ilium | |medially rotates arm at shoulder; pulls body |

| | | |up/forward with hands overhead as when doing chin ups|

|18. Teres minor |Lateral border of scapula |Humerus |Rotates arm laterally |

|19. Teres major |Posterior surface of scapula at|Humerus |Extends, medially rotates, and adducts arm |

| |inferior angle | | |

|20. Triceps brachii |Scapula and humerus |Olecranon process of ulna |Powerful forearm extensor |

|21. Biceps brachii |Coracoid process of scapula; |Radius |Flexes and supinates forearm |

| |glenoid cavity; humerus | | |

|22. Sartorius |Ilium |Tibia |flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes |

| | | |knee |

|23. Adductor magnus |Ischium and inferior ramus of |Linea aspera and adductor |Adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh (raises|

| |pubic bone and ischial |tubercle of femur |thigh towards body); extends thigh (lowers thigh) |

| |tuberosity | | |

|24. Gracilis |Ischium and inferior ramus of |Tibia |Adducts thigh; flexes, and medially rotates leg; |

| |pubic bone | |flexes knee |

|25. Quadriceps Group: |Ilium; femur |Base of patella; tibia |Extends and stabilizes leg; flexes thigh at hip; knee|

| | | |extensor |

|Rectus femoris | | | |

|Vastus lateralis | | | |

|Vastus medialis | | | |

|Vastus intermedius | | | |

|26. Gluteus maximus |Ilium, sacrum, coccyx |Femur |Major extensor of thigh; abducts and laterally |

| | | |rotates thigh |

|27. Gluteus medius |Ilium |Femur |Abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis; |

| | | |important in walking |

|28. Hamstrings: |Ischium; femur |Fibula, tibia |Extends thigh; flexes knee and leg |

| | | | |

|Biceps femoris | | | |

|Semitendinosus | | | |

|Semimembranosus | | | |

|29. Tibialis anterior |Tibia |Tarsus and a metatarsal bone |Prime mover of dorsiflexion (flexes foot); inverts |

| | | |foot |

| | | | |

|Muscle |Origin |Insertion |Action |

|30. Fibularis (peroneus) longus |Fibula |Tarsus and a metatarsal bone |Plantar flexes and everts foot |

| | | | |

|31. Gastrocnemius |Femur |Calcaneus via the Achilles |Plantar flexes foot when knee/leg is extended (leg is|

| | |tendon |straight and foot bends toward tibia); flexes knee |

Definitions

Prime mover or agonist – a muscle that has the major responsibility for producing a specific movement

Antagonist – muscles that oppose or reverse a particular movement

Flex, flexion – decreases angle between articulating bones of a joint (bring thigh towards body or bending the knee)

Extend, extension – increases angle between articulating bones of a joint (take thigh away from body – you are standing or lying down flat or when the leg is straightened).

Abduct – moving away from midline or median plane of body (raising the arm laterally)

Adduct – movement of a limb toward body midline (lowering raised arm)

Inversion – turns medially – special movement of foot – sole of foot turns medially

Eversion – turns laterally – special movement of foot – sole of foot faces laterally

Dorsiflexion – lifting the foot so its superior surface approaches the shin

Plantar flexion – depressing foot (pointing the toe)

Elevate – lifting a body part superiorly (scapulae elevate when you shrug shoulders)

Depression – moving the elevated part inferiorly

Supinate – turning backwards - refers to movement of radius around ulna. In the anatomical position the hands are supinated - the palms face anteriorly or ventrally - and the radius and ulna are parallel.

Pronate – turning forward - refers to movement of radius around ulna - the forearm rotates medially and the palm faces posteriorly or inferiorly

-----------------------

Origin, Insertion, and Action Worksheet

In textbook p. 331-383

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download