Airborne

airborne

A JOURNEY INTO THE CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

TO STOPPING MDR-TB AND XDR-TB

BY JOHN DONNELLY PHOTOGRAPHS BY DOMINIC CHAVEZ

Rows of patient sputum smears, stained and ready for microscopy examination in the Central TB Laboratory at Queen Elizabeth II Hospital in Lesotho.

airborne

A JOURNEY INTO THE CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

TO STOPPING MDR-TB AND XDR-TB

BY JOHN DONNELLY PHOTOGRAPHS BY DOMINIC CHAVEZ

WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data :

Airborne: a journey into the challenges and solutions to stopping MDR-TB and XDR-TB / by John Donnelly. 1.Tuberculosis, Multidrug resistant - prevention and control. 2.Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis - prevention and control. 3.Tuberculosis, Multidrug resistant - epidemiology. 4.Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis - epidemiology. 5.Antitubercular agents. 6.International cooperation. 7.Anedoctes. I.World Health Organization. II.Donnelly, John.

WHO/HTM/STB/2009.52

ISBN 978 92 4 159784 5

(NLM classification: WF 200)

? World Health Organization 2009

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Printed in China

Graphic Design: Silvia L?pez Ch?vez Illustrations: Jos? Cintr?n

FRONT COVER PHOTO: Beibut, a former soldier, is a patient at the National TB Center in Almaty, Kazakhstan. BACK COVER PHOTO: Matsepe Lenkoe smiles at her son at their home in Sekhutlong, Lesotho.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 Foreword by Dr Margaret Chan 06 Introduction 09 Definitions box 10 Reaching all corners of the world 12 To the ends of the earth 17 Top 10 TB countries fact box 19 Open borders 20 Uncommon care 27 Seeking more partners 28 The frontline 38 A race to save lives 43 MDR-TB among TB fact box 45 Screening for TB 46 Scaling up the response 48 A "to do" list on MDR-TB 51 Overcoming constraints fact box 52 Acknowledgements

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