CHAPTER 2



The Earth Through Time, 10th Editionby Harold L. LevinChapter 8— Earth’s Formative Stages and the Archean EonMultiple Choice QuestionsSelect the best answer.1.Which of the following observation is not true about the solar system?a. Venus revolves in the opposite direction of the other plantsb. The Earth is the third planet from the sunc. The Milky Way contain billion of stars including our Sund. The orbit of the eight plants around the Sun is approximately in thesame planee. Venus is composed primarily of iron and rocks2.Which planet is not primarily composed of rocky material?a. Mercuryb. Uranusc. Earthd. Venuse. Mars3.What is the name for clouds of dust and gases that formed the solar system?a. Solar windb. Accretionc. Protoplanetsd. Fusione. Solar nebula4.Which type of meteorite contains the building blocks for life?a. Ordinary chondritesb. Carbonaceous chondritesc. Iron meteoritesd. Stony-iron meteoritese. Chondrules5.Which of the following are source areas for meteorites? a. Marsb. Moonc. Asteroid Beltd. Earthe. All but d.6.Which of the following influence the Earth’s energy buget from the Sun?a. Distance from the Sunb. The Moon’s spin on its axisc. Earth’s atmosphered. Earth’s rotation e. All but b.7.The Moon is believed to be __________________________.a. a captured objectb. formed at the same time as the Earthc. formed by a collision of the Earth with a Mars size objectd. formed by centripetal force throwing a piece of the earth into orbite. made of cheese8.The rings of Saturn are primarily composed of _______________.a. water iceb. ironc. mercuryd. hydrogen gase. dust particles from the Earth’s moon9.The Earth differentiated primarily base on ________________.a. the atmosphereb. densityc. the gravity of the moond. tidal effectse. polar ice caps10. The source of heat for partial melting of the Earth came from ______________.a. magma oceanb. gravitational compactionc. radioactivityd. meteorite bombardmente. All but a.11.Evidence of an iron core generating a magnetic field dates back to ____________.a. 68 million year agob. 13.4 trillion year agoc. 6.8 billion year agod. 3.4 billion year agoe. 3.4 million year ago12.The Earth’s initial crust was composed of __________________.a. basaltb. granitec. komatiitesd. granulitese. shales and graywackes13.Which of the following gases was absent from the Archean atmosphere? a. Oxygenb. Nitrogenc. Hydrogend. Carbon dioxidee. Water vapor.14.Water vapor condensed to form oceans as evidenced by marine sediment rocks dating back to __________. a. 7.6 billion years agob. 38 million years agoc. 3.8 trillion years agod. 3.8 billion years agoe. 7.6 million years ago15.What is the process called when free oxygen is produced in the atmosphere by ultra violet light splitting a water molecule?a. Photosynthesisb. Photochemical dissociationc. Raind. Respiratione. Hydrogeology16.What rock recorded the appearance of free oxygen in the atmosphere?a. Komatiitesb. Granulitesc. Sandstoned. Tonalitee. Banded iron formation17.Shields are distinguished by which of the following features?a. Age of the rocksb. Trends of the faults and foldsc. Style of the foldsd. Truncation of structures at the boundariese. All of the above18.Continental crust formed at ______________________.a. shieldsb. subduction zone c. midocean ridgesd. meteorite impactse. transform faults19. The original continental crust was composed of __________________.a. banded iron formation b. tonalitec. mafic rockd. siltstonee. None of the above.20.What evidence is cited for Achaean continent standing above sea level?a. Fossilized vascular plantsb. Pillow basaltsc. Fossilized soild. Fossilized dinosaurse. Fossilized amphibians21.The initial continents of the Archean ____________.a. had smooth sandy beachesb. were small and narrow land massesc. were large and wide land masses d. were located off the coast of Californiae. covered most of the Earth22.The earliest evidence of plate tectonics is found in volcanic rocks from ___________.a. Hawaiib. Greenlandc. Antarcticad. Mexicoe. Iceland23.Archean granulites are interpreted as being _____________________.a. volcanic arcsb. back arc basinsc. midocean ridgesd. meteorite impactse. None of the above24.Archean greenstones are interpreted as being formed in __________________.a. volcanic arcsb. back arc basinsc. midocean ridgesd. meteorite impactse. None of the above25.Greenstone associated rocks show a trend to _______________silica concentration as the rocks become younger. a. None of the belowb. lowerc. a variabled. decreasee. higher26.Which of the following elements is not required for life?a. Nitrogenb. Oxygenc. Sodiumd. Hydrogene. Phosphorus27.Which of the following is composed of a string of amino acids?a. Sugarsb. Proteinsc. Water d. Fatse. anic phosphorus compounds __________________________.a. transforms light energy to energy required for cell activityb. glow in the darkc. are used to store energyd. splitting up water moleculese. None of the above29. Laboratory experiments suggest that _____________ surfaces played a role in organizing amino acids in proteins.a. peatb. loamc. sand d. silt e. clay30.Laboratory experiments using Archean atmosphere gases plus lightening formed which of the following?a. Chemosynthesisb. Amino acidsc. Organellesd. Hyperthermophilese. Fermenters31. Which of the following locations has been proposed as where life began on Earth?a. Ocean surface waterb. Mountain ridgesc. The Moond. Midoceanic ridgese. Subduction zone trenches32. What is the base of the food chain at the midoceanic ridges?a. Autotrophsb. Heterotrophsc. Pphotoautotrophsd. Lithotrophse. Hyperthermophiles33. Organism that live deep in the Earth’s crust are called _______________.a. autotrophsb. heterotrophsc. photoautotrophsd. lithotrophse. hyperthermophiles34. What is the name of organism the produce their own food?a. Autotrophsb. Heterotrophsc. Photoautotrophsd. Lithotrophse. Hyperthermophiles35. Prokaryotes have which of the following traits?a. Large sizeb. Membrane bound organellesc. No membrane bound organellesd. Multicellulare. None of the above36. Eukaryotes diversified rapidly because some members ________________.a. asexually reproduceb. sexually reproducec. small in sized. move rapidlye. None of the above37.Which of the following are fossilized Archean cyanobacteria?a. Molecular fossilsb. Extremophilesc. Stromatolitesd. Chondritese. Organelles38.The earliest evidence of life in the geologic record is ______________.a. eukaryotesb. prokaryotesc. metazoansd. chondritese. extremophiles39.With the advent of oxygen in the atmosphere, what new molecule was formed that protected life from the Sun’s ultraviolet rays?a. O3b. O2c. H2Od. H2O2e. CO40.What is it called when a fossil is identified by the byproducts it produces?a. Molecular fossilsb. Extremophilesc. Stromatolitesd. Chondritese. OrganellesAnswers to Questions1.a11.d21.b31.d2.b12.c22.b32.e3.e13.a23.a33.d4.b14.d24.b34.a5.e15.b25.e35.c6.e16.e26.c36.b7.c17.e27.b37.c8.a18.b28.a38.b9.b19.b29.e39.a10.e20.c30.b40.a ................
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