The Scientific Revolution



Section 2 “________________________________”

Main Ideas

1. The discovery of the ____________ led scholars to doubt ancient Greek ideas.

2. Advances in _____________ were key events in the Scientific Revolution.

3. Sir Isaac Newton developed __________ that explained much of the natural world.

4. New ___________ helped scientists study the natural world.

DISCOVERY LEADS TO DOUBT

During the Renaissance, scholars studied the ancient Greek and ____________________________.

No one thought to question their information until ________, when Christopher Columbus, a sailor and explorer, came upon something the ancients never imagined existed—another continent.

Scholars began to ___________ the ancient authorities for the first time.

Identify Name two Greek rationalists that European scholars studied during the Renaissance.

Draw Conclusions How did the discovery of the Americas alter the views European scholars had of other Greek authorities?

Predict Do you think Columbus changed his mind about the accuracy of Ptolemy’s map? Why or why not?

ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY

In 1543 Polish astronomer _______________________ published On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres, the first book to contradict the respected Greek astronomer Ptolemy.

According to Ptolemy, the ______ was the center of the universe.

But Copernicus studied the planets and saw that this was ______.

He asked himself whether the planets might ____ around the sun.

This theory fit his ____________.

Astronomer _________________ made detailed notes of the positions of the stars.

____________________both supported and corrected the work of Copernicus.

His studies proved that the planets did orbit the sun.

But Kepler also learned that the planets move in ____________, not circular, orbits.

____________ ____________was one of the most important scientists of the Scientific Revolution.

He was the first person to study the planets with a ____________.

He also ____________ tested his theories with experiments.

Identify Who was the first astronomer to say that plants orbit the sun?

Contrast How did the views of Copernicus and Kepler on the movement of the planets differ?

Summarize What did Tycho Brahe contribute to the Scientific Revolution?

Identify Who was Galileo Galilei?

Summarize What was Galileo’s key contribution to the development of science?

Evaluate How do you think Galileo reacted to seeing mountains on the moon?

SIR ISAAC NEWTON

With his book Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, _____________________ distinguished himself as perhaps the most important scientist of all time.

He reviewed and evaluated all previous scientific work, coupled it with his own observations, and developed four theories about how the _________________ worked.

These theories have been proven so many times, they have become laws like the law of ___________.

He also developed ___________________________.

Recall What were Newton’s basic accomplishments?

Recall What was one of Newton’s laws of motion?

Draw Conclusions How was Newton’s law of gravity connected to discoveries about the planets’ orbits?

NEW INVENTIONS

New ____________ aided in the observations of scientists.

The microscope, the telescope, and the _____________ helped scientists observe their surroundings more accurately.

Identify What were four important scientific instruments created during the Scientific Revolution?

Draw Inferences Why do you think Galileo built his own telescope?

Rank Which of the fourt instruments do you think has had the biggest impact on scientific research?

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Lesson Objective(s):

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