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Name: __KEY_--50 POINTS;25 DAVE & 25 ME_______________________Period: _____Laboratory Exercise and Activity: Organization of the Human BodyEXERCISE 1: Anatomical LanguageActivity 1: Anatomical TermsPre-Lab Activity: Label Figure 1.1, with the appropriate anatomical terms for each body region or area. Refer to Table 1.1. Anterior View and Posterior View: --MESkull (cranial)22. Mouth (oral)Head (cephalic)/facial23. Chin (mental)Neck (cervical)24. Breastbone (sternal)Shoulder (acrimonal)25. Breast (mammary)Armpit (axillary)26. Navel (umbilical)Arm (brachial)27. Hip (coxal)Front of elbow (antecubital)28. Groin (inguinal)Forearm (antebrachial)29. Hand (manual)Wrist (carpal)30. Pubis (pubic)Fingers (digital)31. Top of the foot (dorsum)Palm (palmar)32. Base of the skull (ocipital)Thigh (femoral)33. Shoulder blade (scapular)Anterior surface of the knee (patellar) 34. Spinal column (vertebral)Leg (crural)35. Back of the elbow (cubital)Ankle (tarsal)36. Buttock (gluteal)Toes (digital)37. Hollow behind knee (popliteal)Forehead (frontal)38. Calf (sural)Eye (orbital)39. Side of the leg (fibural or peroneal) Ear (otic)40. Sole (plantar)Cheek (buccal)41. Loin (lumbar)Nose (nasal)42. Heel (calcaneal)Lab Activity: Use anatomical terms to identify the specific numbered body regions or areas on the torso models on the large green table at the back of the room. Record your answers in the chart below: --ME_Cranial_______________f. _Axillary_______________Orbital_______________g. _Inguinal_______________Nasal________________h. _Mental________________Cervical______________i. _Otic__________________Acromial_____________j. _Oral________________670560777240-228601333500Oral00Oral76962049530076200365760Otic00Otic670560861060-22860708660Mental00MentalActivity 2: Directional Terms---DAVEPre-Lab Activities: Complete the sentences below using the appropriate directional term from Table 1.2. Refer to the anatomical terms in Table 1.1 as needed. ---DAVEThe sternum is _anterior__ to the vertebrae.The orbit is _superior__ to the oral cavity.The heart is _medial_ to the lungs.The carpus is _distal__ to the brachium.The right lung and right kidney are _ipsilateral__.The skin is _superficial__ to the bones.The nose is _inferior__ and _intermediate_ to the eyes. Label Figure 1.2 with the directional terms from the bulleted list by writing the term in the appropriate numbered blank ---DAVE SuperiorPosterior Anterior Proximal Distal Inferior Activity 3: Body Planes and SectionsPre-Lab Activities: Label the planes in Figure 1.3(a) and the sections in Figure 1.3(b) with the terms in the accompanying bulleted list by writing the term in the appropriate numbered blank. ---DAVEFrontal planeOblique planeTransverse planeParasagittal planeMidsagittal planeLongitudinal sectionCross-sectionIdentify the type of sections of the human brain in Figure 1.4. ---DAVEa. midsagittalb. transversec. frontalLab Activities: ---MEObserve sagittal, frontal, and transverse sections using an apple.Working in a group draw a face on the apple.Cut sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes through the apple to make sagittal, frontal, and transverse sections. Keep sections together to form a whole apple to show your instructor and have the instructor initial here _EMS______Observe longitudinal sections and cross-sections using plastic tubing.Observe a demonstration provided by your instructor of a tube cut along its longitudinal axis to produce a longitudinal section and a tube cut perpendicular to its longitudinal axis to produce a cross-section.Obtain a 1/2-foot section of plastic tubing and twist it so you can visualize one plane that would simultaneously divide one area of the tube into a longitudinal section and another area into a cross-section.Do not cut the tube unless instructed to do so.Show your instructor where a cut would produce both a longitudinal section and a cross-section. EMS_Using the Knowledge You Have GainedBody Regions, Anatomical Terminology, and Directional Terms---DAVEA 55-year old female presented with an irregularly shaped and abnormally pigmented mole in the left scapular region, just lateral to the vertebrae. Indicate on Figure 1.5 where this mole is likely to be found by drawing in the mole’s probable location with a red dot.A 37-year old female presented to the emergency room with a severe burn (3rd degree) on the right brachial region just proximal to the antecubital region. Indicate on Figure 1.5 where the burn is likely to be found by drawing its probable location with a blue dot.A 19-year old female was identified by a tattoo on the fibular surface of the right leg just proximal to the tarsal region. Indicate on Figure 1.5 where the tattoo is likely to be found by drawing a purple dot to show its probable location. 2133600252285500198120010058403520440831215 Questions 4-7 have italicized words that are derived from word roots used to form the adjectives in Table 1.1. Using the locations suggested by the italicized words, answer questions 4-7Is the popliteal-back of knee artery proximal or distal to the femoral-thigh artery? Is the pectoralis major muscle anterior or posterior to the subscapularis muscle? Is the sternocleidomastoid muscle superior or inferior to the abdominis muscle? Are the thoracic vertebrae medial or lateral to the scapulae-shoulder blade? _____________________Body Planes and Sections---MEFigure 1.6 contains three different sections through the thorax. Indicate which section (view a, b, or c) is a: Frontal section _A___________Sagittal section _C___________Transverse (axial) section __B__________EXERCISE 2: Organ Systems and Body CavitiesActivity 1: Identifying Organ Systems---DAVEPre-Lab Activities:Observe the organs in Figure 2.1 (a) and (b). Refer to your textbook or organ systems informational sheet for a list of organ systems, their function, and the major organs in each organ system.Write each labeled organ under the appropriate organ system on the next page. There may be organs systems that don’t have any organs in these figures, and some organs may function with more than one system.Body Organ Systems Cardiovascular SystemNervous SystemAORTAHEARTDigestive SystemReproductive SystemLIVERLARGE INTESTINESMALL INTESTINEESOPHAGUSSTOMACHPANCREASEndocrine SystemRespiratory System PANCREASTRACHEALUNGBRONCHUSIntegumentary SystemSkeletal SystemLymphatic SystemUrinary SystemSPLEENKIDNEYURETERURINARY BLADDERMuscular System DiapragmActivity 2: Body Cavities---DAVEPre-Lab Activity:Label the major body cavities and the diaphragm on Figure 2.2 (a) and (b). CRANIAL CAVITYVERTEBRAL CANALTHORACIC CAVITYDIAPHRAGMABDOMINAL CAVITYPELVIC CAVITY Lab Activities: ---MELocate the major body cavities on the labeled skeleton model in the classroom and filled in the names of the body cavities that correlate with the labels below: _THORACIC____________________d. _VERTEBRAL_____________________PELVIC____________________e. _ABDOMINAL_____________________DIAPHRAGM____________________f. _CRANIAL____________________Locate the mediasternum on a torso model. Identify the organs located them within the mediasternum with your instructor and list them below: HEART, ESOPHAGUS, TRACHEA, SEVERAL LARGE BLOOD VESSELSHave your instructor initial here that you completed this activity_ EMS__Activity 3: Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions---MEPre-Lab Activities:Draw lines on Figure 2.3 (a) separating the abdominopelvic cavity into quadrants amd label the quadrants. Draw lines on Figure 2.3 (b) separating the abdominopelvic cavity into regions amd label the regions. 50292011468100017678405715031165801497330003162300735330004785360381041910003810 Identify in which abdominopelvic quadrant(s) each organ listed below is primarily located. Use the abbreviations RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, and LLQ. Appendix _RLQ______e. Pancreas _LUQ_____Large intestine or colon _RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ______f. Small intestine _ RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ ______Liver _mainly RUQ, LUQ______g. Spleen _LUQ______Ovaries _RLQ, LLQ______h. Stomach _LUQ______Using the Knowledge You Have Gained---MEFunctions of Organ SystemsIdentify the organ system by its function as described below. _RESPIRATORY________ 1. Maintains blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels_NERVOUS___________ 2. Controls muscles and glands by electrical impulses, helps control homeostasis_MUSCULAR_________ 3. Causes movement of bones_INTEGUMENTARY____ 4. Waterproof barrier that blocks the entrance of pathogens into the body and prevents the loss of water from the body_CARDIOVASCULAR____ 5. Transports nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide throughout the body_DIGESTIVE___________ 6. Changes food into absorbable nutrients, expels wastes_URINARY____________ 7. Regulates composition of blood by eliminating nitrogenous wastes, excess water, and minerals_ENDOCRINE__________ 8. Uses hormones to control cell function, helps control homeostasis_SKELETAL____________ 9. Provides framework for the body and protects body organs_REPRODUCTIVE_______10. Produces gametes (sperm and egg)_LYMPHATIC__________11. Returns fluid to the bloodstream and provides protection against pathogens that have entered the bodyHomeostatic Imbalance of Organ Systems---MEUsing your textbook or other resources, identify the organ system that is homeostatically imbalanced in the following diseases or disorders. _ENDOCRINE________ 2. Hypothyroidism_CARDIOVASCULAR___ 3. Myocardial ischemia_LYMPHATIC_________ 4. Infectious mononucleosisAbdominopelvic Quadrants ---MEA 44-year old male went to the emergency room complaining of severe pain in his RLQ. The doctor palpitated the area and determined that the pain was originating from an organ in that quadrant. Which organ might be involved?Liver(b) Appendix (c) Gallbladder (d) Spleen (e) StomachA 23-year old female went to the doctor with the chief complaint of RLQ pain. Which organ is most likely the cause?Adrenal gland (b) Ovary (c) Gallbladder (d) Pancreas (e) Kidney ................
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