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Name:Student #:Date: Homeroom: Do Now1) What type of ancient civilization developed on the Huang He River? (6.31)NomadicAgriculturalMilitaryIndustrial2) Which geographic feature was the main reason for the location of the ancient Chinese civilization? (6.31)a desert oasis a coastal plaina mountaina river3) The ruler of the Qin Dynasty, Shi Huangdi, followed which political philosophy? (6.35)MohismLegalismDaoismConfucianism4) The Silk Road went from Western China to (6.37)The Pacific OceanThe Mediterranean SeaThe Black SeaThe Caspian SeaLesson InformationTitle: Review of Ancient ChinaObjective: I can analyze a variety of maps and texts to review content relating to ancient Chinese history.Guiding Question: How did ancient China impact world history?Agenda:1) Paired Review2) Independent Review3) Video Clip952529527500Geography of China1) Label the features below on the map above.Huang He RiverYangtze RiverGobi DesertMongoliaPacific OceanIndiaHimalayan MountainsPlateau of TibetJapan- known as the “Yellow River” because of the silt it transports- known as “China’s Sorrow” because of its unpredictable flooding- site of the earliest of Chinese settlements2) Which landform is described by the text above?a. Yangtze Riverb. Himalayan Mountainsc. Ganges Riverd. Huang He River3) Which of the following is true regarding geography’s influence on the Chinese civilization?a. mountains isolated China from other civilizationsb. geography had no influence on the Chinese civilizationc. rivers connects China to the Indian civilizationd. mountains encouraged trade with other civilizations379730015430500Shang and Zhou DynastiesIn ancient times, most of China’s early farmers settled on the North China Plain, near the Huang He (Yellow River). Today, you will explore one of China’s earliest dynasties, the Shang (shung) dynasty.?This dynasty ruled the area centered in the Huang He valley, from 1700 BCE to 1045 B.C.E.Parts of ancient China were controlled by different clans, or extended families.?Rival clans frequently fought each other.?Sometimes, one clan became powerful enough to rule all of ancient China and begin a dynasty.?The Shang was one example of such clans.1) Which dynasty was the first to rule the Huang He valley?a. Shangb. Zhouc. Qind. Hane. Song2) What is a dynasty?ClaimEvidence The Zhou Dynasty took over power from the Shang Dynasty. The Zhou dynasty convinced the people of China that the gods had chosen the Zhous not the Shangs to rule, this was called the Mandate of Heaven. The Shang period has been called the Bronze Age but the Zhou Dynasty brought the Iron Age. During the Zhou dynasty bronze was still used, but people discovered iron was so much stronger and long lasting. Iron plows and tools made farming easier and crops were larger. The Zhou dynasty started out very strong but it didn’t last. The Zhou Dynasty began to fall apart. Nobles and aristocrats who owned their own land across China stopped obeying the Zhou Kings. As the Zhou Dynasty fell apart China fell into civil war a period called The Warring States Period.3) Which of the following describes the “Mandate of Heaven”?a. an order from the emperor to ruleb. an order from the gods to rulec. an order from the people to rule4) Why did the Warring States Period start?a. Nobles stopped listening to the Zhoub. the Shang rose up to defeat the Zhouc. the Zhou emperors hurt peasants-49530952500The Qin DynastyThe Qin dynasty was the first dynasty to take control after the Warring States Period. Qin Shi-Huangdi was the first emperor on the Qin Dynasty. He adopted the beliefs of Legalism. Legalism enforced very harsh punishments to those who dared to break the law and made exceptions for no one. Shi-Huangdi didn’t think he was a cruel ruler, he thought he was doing the best for the most people and if that required killing a few it was okay because it brought peace to most. Qin had many achievements, for example he created one currency for everyone in China. He also created a simpler writing system. Qin is famous for his extensive networks of roads that helped people trade. However, the greatest achievement was the Great Wall of China. There was a constant threat from nomads in the north and Qin wanted to protect his people. Despite uniting China, the people hated Emperor Qin. Their ruler burned books and lived a lavish lifestyle. The strict legalism also made people dislike the emperor. Qin held control of his empire until he died. China fell into chaos when the emperor died. A brief rebellion resulted in the Han Dynasty seizing power.1) Why is Qin Shi-Huangdi significant?a. he was a peasant emperorb. he made changes to Confucianismc. he was an influential Qin emperord. he completed construction on the Great Wall2) Which philosophy led the Qin to create strict laws?a. Confucianismb. Legalismc. Daoismd. Buddhism3) Which of the following did not happen under the Qin Dynasty?a. standardized currencyb. simplified writing systemc. burning of certain booksd. civil service exams were used4) Why was the Great Wall of China constructed?ClaimEvidenceHan Dynasty The Han Dynasty replaced the Qin dynasty. The Han Dynasty was the largest dynasty. In fact 92% of people today consider themselves part of the “Han people.” The Han dynasty used iron but began to experiment with steel. Weapons of the Han were mainly knives, sword, spears, battle axes. There were many technological advancements made during the Han including the development of iron plow and the invention of paper. The Han Dynasty wanted to embrace ideas that were not legalism but more Confucianism. The Han Dynasty created the Civil Service Test that all government workers had to pass. It wasn’t a perfect system but the Han Dynasty did become much more efficient. The Han Dynasty also was when the Silk Road became popularized and a great source of wealth for trading. Eventually the Han Dynasty lost power when aristocrats stopped paying taxes. This meant that the poorest people, merchants and farmers had to pay even more money in taxes. People revolted and the Han Empire fractured into three different sections. The “Three Kingdoms” Period marked the next sixty years and would be known as the bloodiest time in Chinese history.1) How did the civil service test influence the Chinese government?a. government officials were chosen by the peopleb. government officials were only relatives of the emperorc. government officials took a test to secure a jobd. Han China didn’t use government officials2) Which philosophy influenced the Han Dynasty most?a. Confucianismb. Legalismc. Daoismd. Buddhism3) How did technology advance under the Han Dynasty?ClaimEvidence5) Place the following dynasties on the correct spot on the timeline below:ZhouQinShangHan45243759207500297180079375001390650111125003810010160000-447675189230-46990889000The Silk Road was actually a bunch of smaller trade routes that stretched more than 4,000 miles across Asia. It reached from Hangzhou in China to Antioch on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road connected the great empires of the Han Dynasty in China and the Romans. Both goods and ideas traveled along the Silk Road. The Chinese traded things like silk and jade. In return, they got new products such as spices from India and glassware from Rome. New ideas, including Buddhism, a major world religion, also entered China through the Silk Road. The Silk Road linked peoples of the East and West for more than 1,000 years.The trade between East and West along the Silk Road created?cultural diffusion, in which ideas and knowledge—as well as goods—spread from one culture to another. For example, China and Rome did not merely trade new products with each other.?In time, they learned how to make these products for themselves.?By 500 C.E., the Chinese had learned how to make glass.?About the same time, the West had learned how to produce silk.?Such cultural diffusion?occurs?in many cultures, past and present, and in many different ways.1) Which body of water did the Silk Road reach in the west?a. Pacific Oceanb. Mediterranean Seac. East China Sead. Nile River2) Which of the following describes ‘cultural diffusion’?a. the spread of goods between culturesb. the movement of people to new areasc. the spread of ideas between culturesd. the process for creating silk3) How did Buddhism spread to China?ClaimEvidence-22860038100000China’s Three PhilosophiesConfucianism The most famous Chinese philosophy to come out of this period was Confucianism, named after its founder Confucius. Confucianism taught that society works best when everybody does his or her job. He believed that the smartest and most talented men should be in charge of the government, not just the rich men. He also placed a great emphasis upon filial piety or a devotion to your parents. Confucius believed that society would benefit if families remained strong. Daoism Another Chinese philosophy known as Daoism promoted a peaceful society. Dao means the path or the way. Daoism was founded by Laozi. Like Confucianism, Daoism teaches people how to live a good life. Daoists believed that people should free themselves from worldly desires and live simply. They should turn to nature and the Dao. This is how you can enjoy a happy life.Legalism A third philosophy stressed the importance of a system of strict laws. This philosophy became known as legalism, or “the school of law.” A thinker named Hanfeizi introduced the ideas of legalism during the 200s BC. Unlike Confucius or Laozi, Hanfeizi believed that humans are naturally evil. Strict laws and harsh punishments were necessary to force people to do their duty. Many nobles supported legalism because it emphasized force. Legalism did not require rulers to consider the needs or wishes of their people. Its ideas led to cruel punishments for even the smallest crimes. 1) What does ‘filial piety’ mean?a. devotion to your godsb. devotion to your kingsc. devotion to your parentsd. devotion to your friends2) Daoists believe you can enjoy life if…a. you’re devoted to your parentsb. you enforce strict lawsc. you follow the way of nature3) Legalists believe people are naturally….a. goodb. evilc. neutrald. angry ................
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