163



词 汇 表

a / an academic

abandon academy

abdomen accelerate

abide accent

ability accept

able acceptance

abnormal access

aboard accessory

abolish accident

abound accidental

about acclaim

above accommodate

abroad accommodation ( s )

abrupt accompany

absence accomplish

absent accord

absolute accordance

absorb according to

abstract accordingly

absurd account

abundance accountant

abundant accumulate

abuse accuracy

accurate adequate

accuse adhere

accustomed adjacent

ache adjective

achieve adjoin

acid adjust

acknowledge administer

acquaint administration

acquaintance admire

acquire admission

acquisition admit

acre adolescent

acrobat adopt

across adore

act adult

action advance

activate advanced

active advantage

activity advent

actor adventure

actress adverb

actual adverse

acute advertise

adapt advice

add advisable

addict advise

addition advocate

additional aerial

address aeroplane / airplane

aesthetic / esthetic aim

affair air

affect air-conditioning

affection aircraft

affiliate airline

affirm airport

affluent aisle

afford alarm

afraid album

after alcohol

afternoon alert

afterward(s) alien

again alike

against alive

age all

agency allege

agenda alleviate

agent alliance

aggravate allocate

aggressive allow

agitate allowance

ago alloy

agony ally

agree almost

agreeable alone

agreement along

agriculture alongside

ahead aloud

aid alphabet

already analytic(al)

also analyse / analyze

alter ancestor

alternate anchor

alternative ancient

although and

altitude anecdote

altogether angel

aluminium / aluminum anger

always angle

amateur angry

amaze anguish

ambassador animal

ambiguous ankle

ambition anniversary

ambitious announce

ambulance annoy

amend annual

amiable anonymous

amid another

among (st) answer

amount ant

ample antenna

amplifier anticipate

amplify antique

amuse anxiety

analog(u)e anxious

analogy any

analysis anybody

anyhow appropriate

anyone = anybody approval

anything approve

anyway = anyhow approximate

anywhere April

apart apt

apartment arbitrary

apologise / apologize arch

apology architect

appal / appall architecture

apparatus area

apparent argue

appeal argument

appear arise

appearance arithmetic

appendix arm

appetite army

applaud around

|applause arouse

apple arrange

appliance array

applicable arrest

application arrival

apply arrive

appoint arrogant

appointment arrow

appraisal art

appreciate artery

approach article

articulate association

artificial assume

artist assumption

artistic assurance

as assure

ascend astonish

ascertain astronaut

ash astronomy

ashamed at

ashore athlete

aside atmosphere

ask atom

asleep attach

aspect attack

aspire attain

assassinate attempt

assault attend

assemble attendance

assembly attendant

assert attention

assess attitude

asset attorney

assign attract

assignment attractive

assimilate attribute

assist auction

assistance audience

assistant audio

associate audit

auditorium axe / ax

augment axis

August baby

aunt bachelor

aural back

authentic background

author backward

authority bacon

auto / automobile bacterium ([pl. ] bacteria)

automatic bad

automation badge

autonomy badly

autumn badminton

auxiliary bag

avail baggage

available bait

avenue bake

average balance

avert balcony

aviation bald

avoid ball

await ballet

awake balloon

award ballot

aware ban

away banana

awe band

awful bandage

awkward bang

bank battle

bankrupt bay

banner be

banquet beach

bar beam

barbecue bean

barber bear

bare beard

barely bearing

bargain beast

bark beat

barn beautiful

barrel beauty

barren because

barrier become

base bed

baseball bee

basement beef

basic beer

basin before

basis beforehand

basket beg

basketball begin

bat beginning

batch behalf

bath behave

bathe behaviour / behavior

bathroom behind

battery being

belief bid

believe big

bell bill

belly billion

belong bin

beloved' bind

below biography

belt biology

bench bird

bend birth

beneath birthday

beneficial biscuit

benefit bit

benign bite

beside bitter

besides bizarre

best black

bet blackboard

betray blackmail

better blade

between blame

beverage blank

beware blanket

bewilder blast

beyond blaze

bias bleak

bible bleed

bibliography blend

bicycle / bike bless

blind booth

block border

blood bore

bloody born

bloom borrow

blossom bosom

blouse boss

blow both

blue bother

blueprint bottle

blunder bottom

blunt bounce

blur bound

blush boundary

board bow

boast bowel

boat bowl

body bowling

boil box

bold boy

bolt boycott

bomb brace

bond bracket

bone brain

bonus brake

book branch

boom brand

boost brandy

boot brass

brave broom

breach brother

bread brow

breadth brown

break browse

breakdown bruise

breakfast brush

breast brutal

breath bubble

breathe bucket

breed bud

breeze budget

bribe buffet

brick bug

bride build

bridge building

brief bulb

briefcase bulk

bright bull

brilliant bullet

brim bulletin

bring bully

brisk bump

brittle bunch

broad bundle

broadcast burden

brochure bureau

bronze bureaucracy

brook burglar

burn calorie

burst camel

bury camera

bus camp

bush campaign

business campus

busy can

but canal

butcher cancel

butter cancer

butterfly candidate

button candle

buy candy

by cannon

bypass / by-pass canoe

cab canteen

cabbage canvas

cabin cap

cabinet capable

cable capacity

cafe cape

cafeteria capital

cage capitalism

cake capsule

calcium captain

calculate captive

calendar capture

call car

calm carbohydrate

carbon category

card cater

cardinal cathedral

care Catholic

career cattle

careful cause

caress caution

cargo cautious

carpenter cave

carpet cease

carriage ceiling

carrier celebrate

carrot celebrity

carry cell

cart cellar

cartoon cement

carve cemetery

case census

cash cent

cashier centigrade

cassette centimetre / centimeter

cast central

castle centre / center

casual century

casualty cereal

cat ceremony

catalogue / catalog certain

catastrophe certainly

catch certainty

certificate cheek

certify cheer

chain cheese

chair chef

chairman chemical

chalk chemist

challenge chemistry

chamber cheque / check

champagne cherish

champion cherry

chance chess

chancellor chest

change chew

channel chicken

chaos chief

chap child ([pl.]children)

chapter childhood

character chill

characteristic chimney

characterise / characterize chin

charge china

charity chip

charm chocolate

chart choice

charter choke

chase choose

chat chop

cheap chorus

cheat Christ

Christian classification

Christmas classify

chronic classmate

church classroom

cigar clause

cigaret / cigarette claw

cinema clay

circle clean

circuit clear

circular clergy

circulate clerk

circumstance clever

circus click

cite client

citizen cliff

city climate

civil climax

civilian climb

civilisation / civilization cling

civilise / civilize clinic

claim clip

clap cloak

clarify clock

clarity clockwise

clash clone

clasp close

class closet

classic cloth

classical clothe

clothes collapse

clothing collar

cloud colleague

cloudy collect

club collection

clue collective

clumsy college

cluster collide

clutch collision

coach colonel

coal colonial

coalition colony

coarse colour / color

coast column

coat comb

cocaine combat

cock combination

code combine

coffee come

cognitive comedy

coherent comfort

cohesive comfortable

coil comic

coin command

coincide commemorate

coincidence commence

coke commend

cold comment

collaborate commerce

commercial competition

commission competitive

commit compile

committee complain

commodity complaint

common complement

commonplace complete

commonwealth complex

communicate complicate

communication complicated

communism complication

community compliment

commute comply

compact component

companion compose

company composite

comparable composition

comparative compound

compare comprehend

comparison comprehension

compartment comprehensive

compass compress

compassion comprise

compatible compromise

compel compulsory

compensate compute

compensation computer

compete comrade

competent conceal

concede confuse

conceive confusion

concentrate congratulate

concept congratulation

conception congress

concern conjunction

concerning connect

concert connexion / connection

concession conquer

concise conquest

conclude conscience

conclusion conscientious

concrete conscious

condemn consecutive

condense consensus

condition consent

conduct consequence

conductor consequently

confer conservation

conference conservative

confess consider

confidence considerable

confident considerate

confidential consideration

confine consist

confirm consistent

conflict console

conform consolidate

confront conspicuous

conspiracy contradiction

constant contrary

constituent contrast

constitute contribute

constitution contribution

constrain contrive

construct control

construction controversial

consult controversy

consultant convenience

consume convenient

consumption convention

contact conventional

contain conversation

container conversely

contaminate conversion

contemplate convert

contemporary convey

contempt convict

contend conviction

content convince

contest cook

context cool

continent cooperate

continual cooperative

continue coordinate

continuous cop

contract cope

contradict copper

copy count

copyright counter

cord counterpart

cordial country

core countryside

corn county

corner couple

corporation coupon

correct courage

correlate course

correspond court

correspondence courtesy

correspondent courtyard

corresponding cousin

corridor cover

corrode cow

corrupt coward

cosmic crab

cost crack

costly cradle

costume craft

cosy crane

cottage crash

cotton crawl

couch crazy

cough cream

could create

council creative

counsel creature

credentials cucumber

credit cue

creep cultivate

crew culture

cricket cunning

crime cup

criminal cupboard

cripple curb

crisis ([pl. ]crises) cure

crisp curiosity

criterion ([pl. ]criteria) curious

critic curl

critical currency

criticise / criticize current

criticism curriculum ([pl. ]curricula)

crop curse

cross curtain

crow curve

crowd cushion

crown custom

crucial customary

crude customer

cruel cut

cruise cyberspace

crush cycle

crust cylinder

cry daily

crystal dairy

cube dam

damage debt

damn decade

damp decay

dance deceit

danger deceive

dangerous December

dare decent

dark decide

darling decimal

dash decision

data decisive

database deck

date declaration

daughter declare

dawn decline

day decorate

daylight decrease

daytime dedicate

dazzle deduce

dead deduct

deadline deed

deadly deem

deaf deep

deal deer

dealer defeat

dean defence / defense

dear defect

death defend

debate deficiency

deficit department

define departure

definite depend

definition dependent

defy depict

degenerate deposit

degree depress

delay deprive

delegate depth

delete deputy

deliberate derive

delicate descend

delicious descendant

delight descent

deliver describe

delivery description

demand desert

democracy deserve

democratic design

demonstrate designate

denial desirable

denote desire

denounce desk

dense desolate

density despair

dental despatch / dispatch

dentist desperate

deny despise

depart despite

dessert dictate

destination dictation

destiny dictionary

destroy die

destruction diet

destructive differ

detach difference

detail different

detain differentiate

detect difficult

detective difficulty

detector diffuse

deteriorate dig

determine digest

develop digital

deviate dignity

device dilemma

devil diligent

devise dilute

devote dim

dew dimension

diagnose diminish

diagram dine

dial dinner

dialect dip

dialogue / dialog diploma

diameter diplomatic

diamond direct

diary direction

directly dish

director dislike

directory dismay

dirt dismiss

dirty disorder

disable disperse

disappear displace

disappoint display

disaster disposal

disastrous dispose

disc / disk disposition

discard dispute

discern disregard

discharge disrupt

discipline dissipate

disclose dissolve

discount distance

discourage distant

discourse distill

discover distinct

discovery distinction

discreet distinguish

discrepancy distort

discriminate distract

discuss distress

disease distribute

disgrace district

disguise disturb

disgust disturbance

ditch doorway

dive dorm / dormitory

diverse dose

diversion dot

divert double

divide doubt

dividend dove

divine down

division downstairs

divorce downtown

dizzy downward

do doze

dock dozen

doctor draft

doctrine drag

document dragon

documentary drain

dog drama

doll dramatic

dollar drastic

domain draw

dome drawback

domestic drawer

dominant drawing

dominate dread

donate dream

donkey dress

doom drift

door drill

drink dynasty

drip each

drive eager

driver eagle

drop ear

drought early

drown earn

drug earnest

drum earth

drunk earthquake

dry ease

dubious east

duck Easter

due eastern

dull easy

dumb eat

dump ebb

duplicate eccentric

durable echo

duration eclipse

during ecology

dusk economic

dust economical

duty economics

dwarf economy

dwell edge

dwelling edible

dye edit

dynamic edition

editor elegant

editorial element

educate elementary

education elephant

effect elevate

effective elevator

efficiency eleven

efficient eligible

effort eliminate

egg elite

ego eloquent

eight else

eighteen elsewhere

eighty e-mail

either embark

eject embarrass

elaborate embassy

elapse embed

elastic embody

elbow embrace

elder emerge

elderly emergency

elect emigrate

electric eminent

electrical emit

electrician emotion

electricity emperor

electron emphasis

electronic emphasise / emphasize

empire enjoy

empirical enlarge

employ enlighten

employee enormous

employer enough

employment enquire / inquire

empty enrich

enable enroll / enrol

enclose ensure

enclosure entail

encounter enter

encourage enterprise

encyclopaedia / encyclopedia entertain

end entertainment

endeavour/ endeavor enthusiasm

ending enthusiastic

endow entire

endurance entitle

endure entity

enemy entrance

energetic entrepreneur

energy entry

enforce envelope

engage environment

engagement envisage

engine envy

engineer epidemic

engineering episode

enhance epoch

equal evade

equality evaluate

equation evaporate

equator eve

equip even

equipment evening

equivalent event

era eventually

erase ever

erect every

erosion everybody

erroneous everyday

error everyone

erupt everything

escalate everywhere

escape evidence

escort evident

especially evil

essay evoke

essence evolution

essential evolve

establish exact

establishment exaggerate

estate exam / examination

esteem examine

estimate example

eternal exceed

ethnic exceedingly

evacuate excel

excellent exotic-

except expand

exception expansion

exceptional expect

excerpt expectation

excess expedition

excessive expel

exchange expend

excite expenditure

excitement expense

exciting expensive

exclaim experience

exclude experiment

exclusive experimental

excursion expert

excuse expertise

execute expire

executive explain

exemplify explanation

exempt explicit

exercise explode

exert exploit

exhaust explore

exhibit explosion

exhibition explosive

exile export

exist expose

existence exposure

exit express

expression fade

exquisite fail

extend failure

extension faint

extensive fair

extent fairly

exterior fairy

external faith

extinct faithful

extinguish fake

extra fall

extract false

extraordinary fame

extravagant familiar

extreme family

eye famine

eyebrow famous

eyesight fan

fable fancy

fabric fantastic(al)

fabricate fantasy

fabulous far

face fare

facilitate farewell

facility farm

fact farmer

factor farther

factory fascinate

faculty fashion

fashionable feeling

fast fell

fasten fellow

fat fellowship

fatal female

fate feminine

father fence

fatigue ferry

fault fertile

faulty fertiliser / fertilizer

favour / favor festival

favourable / favorable fetch

favourite / favorite feudal

fax fever

fear few

fearful fibre / fiber

feasible fiction

feast field

feat fierce

feather fifteen

feature fifty

February fight

federal figure

federation file

fee fill

feeble film

feed filter

feedback final

feel finally

finance flaw

financial flee

find fleet

finding flesh

fine flexible

finger flight

finish fling

finite float

fire flock

fireman flood

fireplace floor

firm flour

first flourish

fish flow

fisherman flower

fist flu

fit fluctuate

fitting fluent

five fluid

fix flush

fixture fly

flag foam

flame focus

flap fog

flare fold

flash folk

flat follow

flatter following

flavour / flavor fond

food formulate

fool forth

foolish forthcoming

foot ([pl. ]feet) fortnight

football fortunate

footstep fortune

for forty

forbid forum

force forward

fore fossil

forecast foster

forehead foul

foreign found

foreigner foundation

foremost fountain

foresee four

forest fourteen

forever fox

forge fraction

forget fracture

forgive fragile

fork fragment

form fragrant

formal frame

format framework

formation frank

former fraud

formidable free

formula ([pl. ]formulae) freedom

freeze function

freight fund

frequency fundamental

frequent funeral

fresh funny

friction fur

Friday furious

fridge / refrigerator furnace

friend furnish

friendly furniture

friendship further

fright furthermore

frighten fuse

fringe fuss

frog futile

from future

front gain

frontier galaxy

frost gallery

frown gallon

fruit gallop

fruitful gamble

frustrate game

fry gang

fuel gaol / jail

fulfil / fulfill gap

full garage

fume garbage

fun garden

garlic gesture

garment get

gas ghost

gasolene / gasoline giant

gasp gift

gate gigantic

gather giggle

gauge girl

gay give

gaze glad

gear glamour

gender glance

gene glare

general glass

generalise / generalize glide

generate glimpse

generation glitter

generator global

generous globe

genetic gloomy

genius glorious

gentle glory

gentleman glove

gently glow

genuine glue

geography go

geology goal

geometry goat

germ god

gold graphic

golden grasp

golf grass

good grateful

goodby / goodbye gratitude

goodness grave

goods gravity

goose ([pl. ] geese) graze

gorgeous grease

gossip great

govern greedy

government green

governor greenhouse

gown greet

grab greeting

grace grey / gray

graceful grief

gracious grieve

grade grim

gradual grin

graduate grind

grain grip

gramme / gram groan

grammar grocer

grand grope

grandmother gross

grant ground

grape group

graph grow

grown-up hand

growth handbook

guarantee handful

guard handicap

guess handkerchief

guest handle

guidance handsome

guide handwriting

guideline handy

guilt hang

guilty happen

guitar happy

gulf harassment

gum harbour / harbor

gun hard

gut harden

guy hardly

gym / gymnasium hardship

habit hardware

habitat harm

hail harmony

hair harness

half harsh

hall harvest

halt haste

ham hasty

hamburger hat

hammer hatch

hamper hate

hatred helicopter

haul hell

have hello

hawk helmet

hay help

hazard helpful

he hemisphere

head hen

headache hence

heading henceforth

headline her

headmaster herb

headquarters herd

heal here

health heritage

healthy hero

heap heroic

hear heroin

hearing heroine

heart hers

heat herself

heave hesitate

heaven hi / hey

heavy hide

hedge hierarchy

heel high

height highland

heighten highlight

heir highly

highway honest

hijack honey

hike honour / honor

hill honourable / honorable

him hook

himself hop

hinder hope

hinge hopeful

hint horizon

hip horizontal

hire horn

his horrible

historian horror

historic horse

historical horsepower

history hose

hit hospital

hitherto hospitality

hobby host

hoist hostage

hold hostess

holder hostile

hole hot

holiday hotel

hollow hound

holy hour

home house

homework household

homogeneous housewife

housework hypocrisy

housing hypothesis

hover hysterical

how I

however ice

howl ice-cream

huddle idea

hug ideal

huge identical

hum identification

human identify

humanity identity

humble ideology

humid idiom

humidity idiot

humiliate idle

humorous if

humour / humor ignite

hundred ignorance

hunger ignorant

hungry ignore

hunt ill

hurl illegal

hurricane illiterate

hurry illness

hurt illuminate

husband illusion

hut illustrate

hydrogen illustration

image impression

imaginary impressive

imagination improve

imaginative improvement

imagine impulse

imitate in

imitation incentive

immediate inch

immense incidence

immerse incident

immigrant incidentally

immune incline

impact include

impair inclusive

impart income

impatient incorporate

imperative increase

imperial increasingly

impetus incredible

implement incur

implication indeed

implicit independence

imply independent

import index ( [pl. ]indexes, indices)

importance indicate

important indication

impose indicative

impossible indifferent

impress indignant

indignation inhale

indispensable inherent

individual inherit

indoor inhibit

induce initial

indulge initiate

industrial initiative

industrialise / industrialize inject

industry injure

inertia injury

inevitable ink

infant inland

infect inlet

infectious inn

infer inner

inference innocent

inferior innovation

infinite innumerable

inflation input

influence inquiry / enquiry

influential insect

inform insert

information inside

infrared insight

infrastructure insist

ingenious inspect

ingredient inspiration

inhabit inspire

inhabitant instal / install

installation intention

installment interact

instance intercourse

instant interest

instantaneous interesting

instead interface

instinct interfere

institute interference

institution interim

instruct interior

instruction intermediate

instrument intermittent

instrumental internal

insulate international

insult Internet

insurance interpret

insure interrupt

intact intersection

integral interval

integrate intervene

integrity interview

intellectual intimate

intelligence intimidate

intelligent into

intelligible intricate

intend intrigue

intense intrinsic

intensity introduce

intensive introduction

intrude it

intuition item

invade its

invalid itself

invaluable jacket

invariable jam

invasion January

invent jar

invention jargon

inventory jaw

inverse jazz

invert jealous

invest jeans

investigate jet

investment jewel

invisible jewellery / jewelry

invitation job

invite jog

involve join

inward joint

iron joke

irony jolly

irrespective journal

irrigate journalist

irritate journey

island joy

isle judge

isolate judgement / judgment

issue judicial

jug kindness

juice king

July kingdom

jump kiss

junction kit

June kitchen

jungle kite

junior knee

junk kneel

jury knife

just knit

justice knob

justify knock

juvenile knot

keen know

keep knowledge

kettle lab / laborotory

key label

keyboard labour / labor

kick lace

kid lack

kidnap lad

kidney ladder

kill lady

kilo / kilogramme / kilogram lag

kilometre / kilometer lake

kin lamb

kind lame

kindergarten lamp

land lawyer

landlady lay

landlord layer

lane layman

language layoff

lantern layout

lap lazy

lapse lead

laptop leadership

large leading

largely leaf

laser leaflet

lash league

last leak

late lean

lately leap

latent learn

later learned

lateral learning

Latin lease

latitude least

latter leather

laugh leave

laughter lecture

launch left

laundry leg

lavatory legacy

law legal

lawn legend

legislation light

legitimate lightning

leisure like

lemon likelihood

lend likely

length likewise

lens limb

less limit

lesson limitation

lest limited

let limp

letter line

level linear

lever linen

levy liner

liability linger

liable linguistic-

liberal link

liberate lion

liberty lip

librarian liquid

library liquor

licence / license list

lick listen

lid literacy

lie literally

life literary

lifetime literature

lift litre / liter

litter loose

little loosen

live lord

lively lorry

liver lose

living loss

living-room lot

load lottery

loaf loud

loan loudspeaker

lobby lounge

local love

locality lovely

locate lover

location low

lock lower

locker loyal

locomotive loyalty

lodge lubricate

lofty luck

log lucky

logic luggage

logical lumber

lonely lump

long lunar

longitude lunch

look lung

loom lure

loop luxury

machine manager

machinery manoeuvre / maneuver

mad manifest

madame / madam manipulate

magazine mankind

magic manner

magistrate manual

magnet manufacture

magnetic manuscript

magnificent many

magnify map

magnitude marble

maid march

maiden March

mail margin

main marginal

mainland marine

maintain marital

maintenance mark

majesty market

major marriage

majority married

make marry

male marvellous / marvelous

malignant Marxist

mammal masculine

man mask

manage mass

management massacre

massive medal

master medical

masterpiece medicine

mat medieval

match meditate

mate meditation

material medium ([pl.] media)

mathematical meet

maths / math / mathematics meeting

matter melody

mature melon

maximum melt

may member

May membership

maybe memo

mayor memorial

me memory

meadow menace

meal mend

mean mental

meaning mention

means menu

meantime merchandise

meanwhile merchant

measure mercury

meat mercy

mechanic mere

mechanical merely

mechanism merge

merit mingle

merry miniature

mess minimise/minimize

message minimum

messenger minister

metal ministry

metaphor minor

method minority

metre / meter minus

metric minute

metropolitan miracle

microphone mirror

microscope mischief

middle miserable

midst misery

might misfortune

migrate mislead

mild miss

mile missile

militant missing

military mission

milk missionary

mill mist

millimetre / millimeter mistake

million mistress

millionaire misunderstand

mind mix

mine mixture

mineral moan

mob mood

mobile moon

mobilise / mobilize moral

mock morality

mode more

model moreover

moderate morning

modern mortal

modernisation / modernization mortgage

modest mosaic

modify mosquito

module moss

moist most

moisture mostly

molecule motel

moment mother

momentum motion

monarch motivate

Monday motive

monetary motor

money mould / mold

monitor mount

monkey mountain

monopoly mourn

monotonous mouse ([pl. ] mice)

monster mouth

month move

monthly movement

monument movie

much name

mud namely

mug nap

multiple napkin

multiply narrative

multitude narrow

municipal nasty

murder nation

murmur national

muscle nationality

muscular native

museum natural

mushroom nature

music naughty

musical naval

musician navigation

must navy

mute near

mutter nearby

mutton nearly

mutual neat

my necessary

myself necessitate

mysterious necessity

mystery neck

myth necklace

nail need

naive needle

naked negative

neglect nitrogen

negligible no

negotiate noble

Negro nobody

neighbour / neighbor nod

neighbourhood / neighborhood noise

neither noisy

nephew nominal

nerve nominate

nervous none

nest nonetheless

net nonsense

network noodle

neutral noon

never nor

nevertheless norm

new normal

news normalisation / normalization

newspaper north

next northeast

nice northern

nickel northwest

nickname nose

niece not

night notable

nightmare note

nine notebook

nineteen nothing

ninety notice

noticeable obedience

notify obedient

notion obey

notorious object

notwithstanding objection

noun objective

nourish obligation

novel oblige

novelty obscure

November observation

now observe

nowadays obsession

nowhere obsolete

nuclear obstacle

nucleus( [ pl. ] nuclei) obstruct

nuisance obstruction

numb obtain

number obvious

numerical occasion

numerous occasional

nurse occupation

nursery occupy

nurture occur

nut occurrence

nutrition ocean

nylon o' clock

oak October

oar odd

oath odds

odour / odor operational

of operator

off opinion

offend opponent

offensive opportunity

offer oppose

office opposite

officer oppress

official opt

offset optical

offspring optimistic

often optimum

oil option

okay/ O.K. / OK optional

old or

omit oral

on orange

once orbit

one orchard

oneself orchestra

onion order

only orderly

onto ordinary

opaque ore

open organ

opening organic

opera organisation / organization

operate organise / organize

operation organism

orient outside

oriental outskirts

orientation outstanding

origin outward

original oval

originate oven

ornament over

orphan overall

orthodox overcoat

other overcome

otherwise overflow

ought overhead

ounce overhear

our overlap

ours overlook

ourselves overnight

out overpass

outbreak overseas

outcome overtake

outdoor overthrow

outer overtime

outfit overturn

outing overwhelm

outlet overwhelming

outline owe

outlook owing

output owl

outrage own

outset owner

ownership pant

ox pants

oxide paper

oxygen paperback

ozone parachute

pace parade

pack paradise

package paradox

packet paragraph

pact parallel

pad paralyse / paralyze

paddle parameter

page parasite

pail parcel

pain pardon

painful parent

paint park

painter parliament

painting part

pair partial

palace participant

pale participate

palm particle

pamphlet particular

pan partly

panda partner

panel party

panic pass

panorama passage

passenger peach

passerby peak

passion peanut

passive pear

passport pearl

past peasant

paste pebble

pastime peculiar

pasture pedal

pat pedestrian

patch peel

patent peep

path peer

pathetic pen

patience penalty

patient pencil

patriotic pendulum

patrol penetrate

patron peninsula

pattern penny

pause pension

pave people

pavement pepper

paw per

pay perceive

payment percent / per cent

pea percentage

peace perfect

peaceful perfection

perform petty

performance pharmacy

perfume phase

perhaps phenomenon

period philosopher

periodical philosophy

perish phone

permanent photo / photograph

permeate phrase

permission physical

permit physician

perpetual physicist

perplex physics

persecute physiology

persevere piano

persist pick

person pickup

personal picnic

personality picture

personnel pie

perspective piece

persuade pierce

persuasion Pig

pessimistic pigeon

pest pile

pet pilgrim

petition pill

petrol pillar

petroleum pillow

pilot playground

pin plea

pinch plead

pine pleasant

pink please

pint pleasure

pioneer pledge

pipe plentiful

pirate plenty

pistol plight

piston plot

pit plow / plough

pitch plug

pity plumber

place plunge

plague plural

plain plus

plan pneumonia

plane pocket

planet poem

plant poet

plantation poetry

plaster point

plastic poison

plate poisonous

plateau poke

platform polar

plausible pole

play police

policeman positive

policy possess

polish possession

polite possibility

political possible

politician possibly

politics post

poll postage

pollute postcard

pollution poster

pond postman

ponder postpone

pool posture

poor pot

pop potato

pope potential

popular poultry

population pound

porcelain pour

porch poverty

pork powder

port power

portable powerful

porter practical

portion practically

portrait practice

portray practise

pose practitioner

position praise

pray presence

prayer present

preach presently

precaution preserve

precede preside

precedent president

preceding press

precious pressure

precise prestige

precision presumably

preclude presume

predecessor pretend

predict pretext

predominant pretty

preface prevail

prefer prevalent

preferable prevent

preference previous& *

pregnant prey

prejudice price

preliminary prick

premier pride

premise priest

premium primary

preparation prime

prepare primitive

preposition prince

prescribe princess

prescription principal

principle profile

print profit

prior profitable

priority profound

prison programme / program

prisoner progress

privacy progressive

private prohibit

privilege project

prize projector

probability prolong

probable prominent

probe promise

problem promising

procedure promote

proceed prompt

proceeding prone

process pronoun

procession pronounce

proclaim pronunciation

produce proof

product propaganda

production propel

productive proper

productivity property

profession prophet

professional proportion

professor proposal

proficiency propose

proposition pulse

prose pump

prosecute punch

prospect punctual

prospective punish

prosper pupil

prosperity puppet

prosperous purchase

protect pure

protein purify

protest purple

prototype purpose

proud purse

prove pursue

provide pursuit

provided push

province put

provision puzzle

provoke pyramid

prudent qualification

psychiatry qualify

psychology qualitative

pub quality

public quantify

publication quantitative

publicity quantity

publish quarrel

puff quart

pull quarter

quarterly radius

quartz rag

queen rage

queer raid

quench rail

quest railway / railroad

question rain

questionnaire rainbow

queue raise

quick rake

quiet rally

quilt random

quit range

quite rank

quiver rap

quiz rape

quota rapid

quote rare

rabbit rarely

race rash

racial rat

rack rate

racket rather

radar ratio

radiant rational

radiate raw

radical ray

radio razor

radioactive reach

react reckless

read reckon

reader reclaim

readily recognise / recognize

reading recognition

ready recollect

real recommend

realise / realize reconcile

realistic record

reality recorder

really recover

realm recovery

reap recreation

rear recruit

reason rectangle

reasonable rectify

reassure recur

rebel recycle

rebellion red

recall reduce

recede reduction

receipt redundant

receive reed

recent reel

reception refer

recipe reference

recipient refine

reciprocal reflect

recite reflexion / reflection

reform relative

refrain relativity

refresh relax

refreshment relay

refuge release

refugee relevant

refund reliable

refusal reliance

refuse relief

refute relieve

regard religion

regarding religious

regardless relish

regime reluctant

region rely

register remain

regret remainder

regular remains

regulate remark

regulation remarkable

rehearsal remedy

reign remember

rein remind

reinforce remnant

reject remote

rejoice removal

relate remove

relation renaissance

relationship render

renew resemblance

renovate resemble

rent resent

repair reservation

repay reserve

repeat reservoir

repeatedly residence

repel resident

repertoire resign

repetition resist

replace resistance

replacement resistant

reply resolute

report resolution

reporter resolve

represent resort

representative resource

repression respect

reproach respective

reproduce respond

reptile response

republic responsibility

republican responsible

reputation rest

request restaurant

require restless

requirement restore

rescue restrain

research restraint

restrict rice

result rich

resultant rid

resume riddle

retail ride

retain ridge

retention ridiculous

retire rifle

retort right

retreat rigid

retrieve rigorous

retrospect rim

return ring

reveal riot

revelation rip

revenge ripe

revenue rise

reverse risk

review ritual

revise rival

revive river

revolt road

revolution roar

revolutionary roast

revolve rob

reward robe

rhythm robot

rib robust

ribbon rock

rocket rug

rod ruin

role rule

roll ruler

romance rumour / rumor

romantic run

roof rural

room rush

root rust

rope ruthless

rose sack

rot sacred

rotary sacrifice

rotate sad

rotten saddle

rough safe

round safeguard

roundabout safety

rouse sail

route sailor

routine saint

row sake

royal salad

royalty salary

rub sale

rubber salesman

rubbish salt

ruby salute

rude salvation

same scarf

sample scatter

sanction scene

sand scenery

sandwich scent

sane schedule

sarcastic scheme

satellite scholar

satire scholarship

satisfaction school

satisfactory science

satisfy scientific

saturate scientist

Saturday scissors

sauce scold

saucer scope

sausage score

savage scorn

save scout

saving scramble

saw scrap

say scrape

scale scratch

scan scream

scandal screen

scar screw

scarce script

scarcely scrutiny

scare sculpture

sea semester

seal semiconductor

seam seminar

search senate

seaside senator

season send

seat senior

second sensation

secondary sense

secret sensible

secretary sensitive

section sentence

sector sentiment

secure separate

security September

see sequence

seed serial

seek series

seem serious

seemingly servant

segment serve

segregate service

seize session

seldom set

select setback

selection setting

self settle

selfish settlement

sell seven

several shelter

severe shepherd

sew shield

sex shift

shabby shilling

shade shine

shadow ship

shady shipment

shaft shirt

shake shiver

shall shock

shallow shoe

sham shoot

shame shop

shampoo shopkeeper

shape shore

share short

shark shortage

sharp shortcoming

shatter shorthand

shave shortly

she shot

shear should

shed shoulder

sheep shout

sheer shove

sheet show

shelf shower

shell shrewd

shrink simply

shrug simulate

shut simultaneous

shutter sin

shuttle since

shy sincere

sick sing

side single

sideways singular

siege sink

sigh sip

sight sir

sightseeing siren

sign sister

signal sit

signature site

significance situated

significant situation

signify six

silence size

silent skate

silicon skeleton

silk skeptical

silly sketch

silver ski

similar skill

simple skilled

simplicity skillful / skilful

simplify skim

skin smart

skip smash

skirt smell

skull smile

sky smog

skyscraper smoke

slack smooth

slam smuggle

slap snack

slaughter snake

slave snap

sleep snatch

sleeve sneak

slender sneeze

slice sniff

slide snow

slight snowstorm

slim so

slip soak

slipper soap

slippery soar

slit sob

slogan sober

slope so-called

slot soccer

slow sociable

slum social

sly socialism

small society

sociology soon

sock sophisticated

soda sophomore

sofa sore

soft sorrow

software sorry

soil sort

solar soul

soldier sound

sole soup

solemn sour

solid source

solidarity south

solitary southeast

solo southern

soluble southwest

solution sovereign

solve sow

some space

somebody spacecraft

somehow spaceship

someone spacious

something spade

sometime span

sometimes spare

somewhat spark

somewhere sparkle

son speak

song speaker

spear spit

special spite

specialise / specialize splash

specialist splendid

speciality / specialty split

species spoil

specific spokesman

specification sponge

specify sponsor

specimen spontaneous

spectacle spoon

spectacular sport

spectator sportsman

spectrum spot

speculate spouse

speech spray

speed spread

spell spring

spelling sprinkle

spend sprout

sphere spur

spicy spy

spider square

spill squeeze

spin squirrel

spine stab

spiral stability

spirit stable

spiritual stack

stadium statue

staff status

stage statute

stagger stay

stain steady

stair steak

staircase / stairway steal

stake steam

stale steamer

stalk steel

stall steep

stamp steer

stand stem

standard step

standpoint stereo

staple stereotype

star stern

stare steward

start stick

startle sticky

starve stiff

state still

statement stimulate

statesman sting

static(al) stir

station stitch

stationary stock

stationery stocking

statistical stomach

stone strife

stool strike

stoop striking

stop string

storage strip

store stripe

storey / story strive

storm stroke

story stroll

stove strong

straight structure

straightforward struggle

strain stubborn

strange student

stranger studio

strap study

strategy stuff

straw stumble

strawberry stun

stream stupid

streamline sturdy

street style

strength subject

strengthen subjective

strenuous submarine

stress submerge

stretch submit

strict subordinate

stride subscribe

subsequent sulphur / sulfur

subsidy sum

substance summarise / summarize

substantial summary

substitute summer

subtle summit

subtract summon

suburb sun

subway Sunday

succeed sunrise

success sunset

successful sunshine

succession super

successive superb

successor superficial

such superfluous

suck superior

sudden superiority

sue supermarket

suffer supersonic

suffice superstition

sufficient supervise

sugar supper

suggest supplement

suggestion supply

suicide support

suit suppose

suitable suppress

suite supreme

sure sweep

surface sweet

surge swell

surgeon swift

surgery swim

surname swing

surpass switch

surplus sword

surprise symbol

surrender symmetry

surround sympathetic

surroundings sympathise / sympathize

survey sympathy

survival symphony

survive symposium

susceptible symptom

suspect syndrome

suspend synthesis

suspicion synthetic

suspicious system

sustain systematic(al)

swallow table

swamp tablet

swan tackle

swarm tactic(s)

sway tag

swear tail

sweat tailor

sweater take

tale teenager

talent telegram

talk telegraph

tall telephone

tame telescope

tan tell

tangle temper

tank temperament

tanker temperature

tap temple

tape tempo

tar temporary

target tempt

tariff temptation

task ten

taste tenant

tax tend

taxi tendency

tea tender

teach tennis

teacher tense

team tension

tear tent

tease tentative

technical term

technician terminal

technique terminate

technology terrible

tedious terrific

terrify therefore

territory thermal

terror thermometer

test these

testify thesis( [ pl. ] theses)

testimony they

text thick

textbook thief

textile thigh

texture thin

than thing

thank think

Thanksgiving third

that thirst

the thirsty

theatre / theater thirteen

theft thirty

their this

theirs thorn

them thorough

theme those

themselves though

then thought

theoretical thoughtful

theory thousand

therapy thread

there threat

thereafter threaten

thereby three

threshold tiny

thrift tip

thrill tire

thrive tired

throat tiresome

throne tissue

through title

throughout to

throw toast

thrust tobacco

thumb today

thunder toe

Thursday together

thus toilet

tick token

ticket tolerance

tide tolerant

tidy tolerate

tie toll

tiger tomato

tight tomb

tile tomorrow

till ton

tilt tone

timber tongue

time tonight

timely too

timid tool

tin tooth ([pl. ]teeth)

top train

topic training

torch trait

torment traitor

torrent tram

torture tramp

toss transaction

total transcend

touch transfer

tough transform

tour transient

tourist transistor

tow transition

toward(s) translate

towel translation

tower transmission

town transmit

toxic transparent

toy transplant

trace transport

track trap

tractor trash

trade travel

trademark tray

tradition treason

traffic treasure

tragedy treat

tragic treaty

trail tree

tremble try

tremendous tub

trench tube

trend tuck

trial Tuesday

triangle tug

tribe tuition

tribute tumble

trick tumour / tumor

trifle tune

trigger tunnel

trim turbine

trip turbulent

triple turkey

triumph turn

trivial turnover

trolly / trolley tutor

troop TV / television

tropic twelve

tropical twenty

trouble twice

troublesome twin

trousers twinkle

truck twist

true two

trumpet type

trunk typewriter

trust typhoon

truth typical

typist unify

ugly union

ultimate unique

ultraviolet unit

umbrella unite

unanimous unity

uncle universal

uncover universe

under university

underestimate unless

undergo unlike

undergraduate unlikely

underground unload

underlie until

underline unusual

underlying up

undermine update

underneath upgrade

understand uphold

understanding upon

undertake upper

undo upright

undoubtedly uproar

uneasy upset

unemployment upstairs

unexpected up-to-date

unfold upward

unfortunately urban

uniform urge

urgent vary

us vase

usage vast

use vegetable

used vegetarian

useful vegetation

usual vehicle

usually veil

utilise / utilize vein

utmost velocity

utter velvet

vacant ventilate

vacation venture

vacuum verb

vague verbal

vain verdict

valid verge

valley verify

valuable versatile

value verse

valve version

van versus

vanish vertical

vanity very

vapour/ vapor vessel

variable vest

variation veteran

variety veto

various via

vibrate vivid

vice vocabulary

vicinity vocal

vicious vocation

victim voice

victory void

video volcano

view volleyball

viewpoint volt

vigorous voltage

village volume

vinegar voluntary

violate volunteer

violence vote

violent vowel

violet voyage

violin vulgar

virgin vulnerable

virtual wage

virtue waggon / wagon

virus waist

visa wait

visible waiter

vision waitress

visit wake

visitor waken

visual walk

vital wall

vitamin wallet

wander weave

want web

war wedding

ward wedge

wardrobe Wednesday

warehouse weed

warfare week

warm weekday

warmth weekend

warn weekly

warrant weep

wash weigh

waste weight

watch weird

water welcome

waterfall weld

waterproof welfare

watt well

wave well-known

wax west

way western

we wet

weak whale

wealth what

wealthy whatever

weapon whatsoever

wear wheat

weary wheel

weather when

whenever will

where willing

whereas win

wherever wind

whether window

which wine

whichever wing

while wink

whip winter

whirl wipe

whisky / whiskey wire

whisper wisdom

whistle wise

white wish

who wit

whoever witch

whole with

wholesome withdraw

wholly withhold

whom within

whose without

why withstand

wicked witness

wide wolf

widespread woman

widow wonder

width wonderful

wife wood

wild wooden

wool X-ray

word yard

work yawn

worker year

workshop yearly

world yell

worldwide yellow

worm yes

worry yesterday

worse yet

worship yield

worst you

worth young

worthwhile youngster

worthy your

would yours

wound yourself([pl. ]yourselves)

wrap youth

wreath zeal

wreck zebra

wrench zero

wretched zigzag

wrinkle zinc

wrist zip

write zone

writer zoo

writing zoom

wrong

附录3　常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词

一、常用的前缀和后缀

1、常用前缀

aero-：concerning the air of aircraft

plane-aeroplane

space-aerospace

anti-：against；opposite of

nuclear-antinuclear

matter-antimatter

war-antiwar

auto-：of or by oneself

biography-autobiography

criticism-autocriticism

be-：to treat as the stated thing

friend-befriend

little-belittle

bi-：two；twice；double

lingual-bilingual

cycle-bicycle

bio-：concerning living things

chemistry-biochemistry

sphere-biosphere

by-，bye-：less important

produce-by-produce

way-byway

centi-：hundredth part

grade-centigrade

meter-centimeter

co-：together，with

author-coauthor

exist-coexist

col-：( used before l ) together，with

location-collocation

com-：( used before b，m，p ) together，with

passion-compassion

con-：together，with

centric-concentric

federation-confederation

contra-：opposite

diction-contradiction

natural-contranatural

cor-：( used before r ) together，with

relate-correlate

respond-correspond

counter-：opposite

act-counteract

attack-counterattack

cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining them

country-crosscountry

breed-crossbreed

de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce

code-decode

value-devalue

dis-：not；the opposite of

advantage-disadvantage

agree-disagree

honest-dishonest

em-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to become

body-embody

power-empower

en-：to cause to become；to make

danger-endanger

large-enlarge

ex-：former ( and still living )

minister-ex-minister

wife-ex-wife

extra-：outside；beyond

curricular-extracurricular

ordinary-extraordinary

fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front

arm-forearm

warn-forewarn

il-：( used before l ) not

legal-illegal

literate-illiterate

im-：( used before b，m，p ) not

moral-immoral

possible-impossible

in-：not

direct-indirect

sensitive-insensitive

infra-：below in a range；beyond

red-infrared

structure--infrastructure

inter-：between；among

change--interchange

national--international

intra-：inside，within；into

city--intracity

department--intra-department

ir-：（used before r）not

regular--irregular

responsible--irresponsible

kilo-：thousand

gram--kilogram

meter--kilometer

macro-：large，esp. concerning a whole system rather than

particular parts of

economics--macroeconomics

structure--macrostructure

mal-：bad or badly

function--malfunction

treat--maltreat

micro-：extremely small

computer--microcomputer

electronics--microelectronics

mid-：middle

day--midday

night--midnight

mini-：small；short

bus--minibus

skirt--miniskirt

mis-：bad or badly；wrong or wrongly

fortune--misfortune

understand--misunderstand

mono-：one；single

plane--monoplane

tone--monotone

multi-：more than one；many

purpose--multipurpose

national--multinational

non-：not

resident--non(-)resident

sense--nonsense

out-：outside；beyond

live--outlive

door--outdoor

over-：too much；above；additional

head--overhead

time--overtime

poly-：many

centric--polycentric

syllabic--polysyllabic

post-：later than；after

graduate--postgraduate

war--postwar

pre-：before；in advance

pay--prepay

war--prewar

pro-：in favor of，supporting

America--pro-America

abortion--pro-abortion

pseudo-：not real；false

name--pseudonym

science--pseudoscience

re-：again；back to the former state

unite--reunite

use--reuse

self-：by means of oneself or itself；of，to，with，for，or in

oneself or itself

employed--self-employed

taught--self-taught

semi-：half；partly

circle--semicircle

final--semifinal

step-：not by birth but through a parent who has remarried

mother--stepmother

children--stepchildren

sub-：under，below；less important；part of the stated bigger

whole

divide--subdivide

section--subsection

super-：more，larger，greater than usual

market--supermarket

natural--supernatural

tele-：at or over a long distance；by or for television

communication--telecommunication

screen--telescreen

therm(o)-：concerning heat

chemistry--thermochemistry

meter--thermometer

trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between

Atlantic-transatlantic

plant-transplant

tri-: three; three times

angular-triangular

cycle-tricycle

ultra-: beyond; very, extremely

modern-ultramodern

sound-ultrasound

un-: not

certain-uncertain

fortunate-unfortunate

under-: too little; below

develop-underdevelop

sea-undersea

uni-: one, singer

form-uniform

directional-unidirectional

vice-: next in the rank; below

chairman-vice-chairman

president-vice-president

2.常用后缀

（1）名词后缀

-ability，-ibility

able-ability

flexible-flexibility

-age

post-postage

short-shortage

-al

arrive-arrival

refuse-refusal

-an，-ian，-arian

library-librarian

music-musician

-ance，-ence

appear-appearance

refer-reference

-ancy，-ency

emerge-emergency

expect-expectancy

-ant，-ent

apply-applicant

correspond-correspondent

-cy

accurate-accuratcy

private-privacy

-dom

king-kingdom

free-freedom

-ee

employ-employee

interview-interviewee

-er，-or，-ar

paint-painter

beg-beggar

-ery

brave-bravery

slave-slavery

-ese

China-Chinaese

Japan-Japanese

-ess

actor-actress

waiter-waitress

-ful

hand-handful

spoon-spoonful

-hood

child-childhood

man-manhood

-ics

electron-electronics

linguist-linguistics

-ion，-ition，-ation

collect-collection

observe-observation

-ism

Marx-Marxism

socialist-socialism

-ist

psychiatry-psychiatrist

violin-violinist

-ity，-ty

cruel-cruelty

pure-purity

-ment

move-movement

retire--retirement

-ness

dark--darkness

happy--happiness

-ology

climate--climatology

future--futurology

-ship

friend--friendship

scholar--scholarship

-sion，-ssion

decide--decision

expand--expansion

-th

grow--growth

wide--width

-ure

close--closure

expose--exposure

(2)动词前缀

-en

deep--deepen

fast--fasten

-ify

class--classify

simple--simplify

-ize，-ise

modern--modernize / modernize

popular--popularize / popularize

(3)形容词后缀

-able，-ible

suit--suitable

question--questionable

-al

nature--natural

structure--structural

-an，-arian，-ian

suburb--suburban

Canada--Canadian

-ant，-ent

differ--different

please--pleasant

-ary，-ory

advise--advisory

custom--customary

-ate

consider--considerate

fortune--fortunate

-en

gold--golden

wood--wooden

-ese

China--Chinese

Japan--Japanese

-free

care--carefree

duty--duty-free

-ful

care--careful

pain--painful

-ic，-ical

atom--atomic

psychology--psychological

-ish

girl--girlish

child--childish

-ive

create--creative

support--supportive

-less

hope--hopeless

pain--painless

-like

child--childlike

lady--ladylike

-ly

man--manly

month--monthly

-ous，-ious

danger--dangerous

poison--poisonous

-some

tire--tiresome

trouble--troublesome

-ward

down--downward

up--upward

-y

guilt-guilty

noise-noisy

(4)副词后缀

-ly

easy-easily

heavy-heavily

-ward，-wards

east-eastward(s)

north-northward(s)

-wise

clock-clockwise

other-otherwise

二、部分国家（或地区）、语言、国名及国籍表

国家（或地区） 语言 国民 国籍

America American American

Australia Australian Australian

Brazil Brazilian Brazilian

Britiain English Briton British

Canada Canadian Canadian

China Chinese Chinese Chinese

国家（或地区） 语言 国民 国籍

Egypt Egyptian Egyptian

England English Englishman English

France French Frenchman French

Germany German German German

Greece Greek Greek Greek

India Indian Indian

Ireland Irish Irishman Irish

Israel Israeli Israeli

Italy Italian Italian Italian

Japan Japanese Japanese Japanese

The Netherlands Dutch Dutchman Dutch

New Zealand New Zealander

Portugal Portuguese Portuguese Portuguese

Russia Russian Russian Russian

Scotland Scots,Scottish Scotsman Scots, Scottish

Spain Spanish Spaniard Spanish

Sweden Swedish Swedish Swedish

Switzerland Swiss Swiss

Wales Welsh Welshman Welsh

三、洲 名

名词

Africa

America

Antarctica

Asia

Australia

Europe

North America

Oceania

South America

四、常 见 缩 写 词

形容词

African

American

Antarctic

Asian

Australian

European

North American

Oceanic

South American

BC, B.C. before Christ 公元前

BS，BSc Bachelor of Science 理科学士

C° Centigrade 摄氏度

cc cubic centimeter 立方厘米

CD compact disk 光盘，激光唱片

cf. confer(=compare) 试比较；参看

cm centimeter 厘米

Co company 公司

c/o care of 由…转交

cp. compare 比较

Dec. December 十二月

dept. , Dept. department 部，司，局，系

Dr , Dr. doctor 博士；医生

e.g. exempli gratia(=for example) 例如

esp. especially 尤其是

et al. et alia(=and others) 以及其他等等

etc. et cetera(=and the rest) 等等

F Fahrenheit 华氏的

Feb. February 二月

Fri. Friday 星期五

ft Foot,feet 英尺

g,gm,gm. gram 克

GMT Greenwich Mean Time 格林威治时间

hr,hr. hour 小时

ID identification card 身份证

i.e. id est( = that is) 那就是，即

in. inch 英寸

Inc. incorporated 股份有限的

Jan. January 一月

Jr. junior 小 (用于姓名后)

Jul. July 七月

Jun. June 六月

kg,kg. kilogram 千克，公斤

km,km. kilometer 千米，公里

l,l. liter 升

lb,lb. libra( = pound) 磅

Ltd. limited 有限的, 股份有限

m,m. meter 米

MA Master of Arts 文科硕士

Mar. March 三月

min. minute 分钟

ml,ml. millimeter 毫升

Mon. Monday 星期一

Mr,Mr. Mister …先生

Mrs,Mrs. Mistress …夫人，…太太

Ms,Ms. Mrs or Miss …女士

MS,MSc Master of Science 理科硕士

Mt mount,mountain 峰，山

No. number 号码

Nov. November 十一月

Oct. October 十月

P page;parking 页，停车处

par,para paragraph （文章的）段

Ph.D,PhD philosophiae Doctor 博士

pl. plural 复数

PM,P.M. post meridiem( = afternoon) 下午，午后

PRC People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国

Prof. professor 教授

PS postscript 附言

Rd.,rd road 路

Sat. Saturday 星期六

sec. second 秒

Sep.,Sept. September 九月

sing. singular 单数

sq square 平方；广场

st. street 街道

sth something 某物，某事

Sun. Sunday 星期日

t,t. ton 吨

tel. telephone 电话

Thurs Thursday 星期四

Tues Tuesday 星期二

UK United Kingdom （大不列颠及北爱尔兰）联合王国，英国

UN United Nations 联合国

US,U.S. United States ( of America) 美利坚合众国，美国

usu. usually 通常

v,vs versus …对…

VIP very important person 重要人物，大人物

vol. Volume 卷，册

W,w watt 瓦特

WC water closet 厕所

Wed,Weds Wednesday 星期三

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