Verbs



1257300-257175Verbs Action and Linking VerbsAction verbs express either mental or physical activityThe dogs barked all day.He thought about the day.Linking verbs express a state of being. They connect (or link) the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject.The girl is beautifulI am a teacherCommon linking verbs: seem, feel, remain, become, is, am, was, were.Exercise 11.Young Arthur felt very nervous.2. Sir Kay left his sword at the inn.3. He needed his sword for the tournament that day.4. Arthur looked all over the village for a replacement.5. Suddenly, Arthur saw a sword in a stone.6. He ran over to the stone and studied the strange sword.7. It appeared very secure in its stony sheath.8. Arthur pulled it, and it moved.9. The sword slid from the stone easily!10. Arthur hurried back to the tournament with his prize.11. Sir Ector bowed deeply to his foster son.12. The sword was the sign of the next king of England.Transitive and Intransitive VerbsTransitive verbs have an object e.g. Mary kicks the ballTransitive verbs can only be action verbs. Linking verbs are NEVER transitive.Intransitive verbs do not have an object Intransitive verbs may be either action or linking verbs. Exercise 2 Determine if the verbs in the following sentences are transitive or intransitive. If transitive, indicate the object of the verb.1. Some ants fight fiercely.2. The explosion sank the ship.3. He spoke the truth.4. He spoke loudly.5. Boil the water.6. The motorman stopped the train.7. The horse kicked the?boy8. The sun rises in the morning.9. The watchman blew his whistle.10. The poor widow killed herself.11. He took shelter under a tree.12. The birds sang sweetly.13. The fire burns brightly.14. Birds fly in the sky.15. Time heals all wounds.Finite and infinite verbsAll finite verbs have SNoT SubjectNumberTenseNon-finite verbs are incomplete and either they need an auxiliary verb to become complete, or they are performing another function in the sentence. All sentences need a finite verb to be complete.There are two main types of non-finite verbs: participles (past & present) and infinitives. Recognize a?participle?when you see one.Participles come in two varieties: past and present. They are two of the five forms or?principal parts?that every?verb?has. Look at the charts below.VerbSimple PresentSimple PastPast ParticiplePresent ParticipleInfinitivegigglegiggle(s)giggledgiggledgigglingto gigglehelphelp(s)helpedhelpedhelpingto helpjumpjump(s)jumpedjumpedjumpingto jumpVerbSimple PresentSimple PastPast ParticiplePresent ParticipleInfinitivebringbring(s)broughtbroughtbringingto bringringring(s)rangrungringingto ringsingsing(s)sangsungsingingto singswimswim(s)swamswumswimmingto swimNotice that each present participle ends in?ing. This is the case 100 percent of the time.On the other hand, you can see that past participles do not have a consistent ending. The past participles of all?regular?verbs end in?ed; the past participles of?irregular?verbs, however, vary considerably. If you look at?bring?and?sing, for example, you'll see that their past participles—brought?and?sung—do not follow the same pattern even though both verbs have?ing?as the last three letters.Recognize an?infinitive?when you see one.To sneeze,?to smash,?to cry,?to shriek,?to jump,?to dunk,?to read,?to eat,?to slurp—all of these are infinitives. An infinitive will almost always begin with?to?followed by the simple form of the verb, like this:to?+?verb?= infinitiveImportant Note:?Because an infinitive is?not?a verb, you cannot?add?s,?es,?ed, or?ing?to the end. Ever!Infinitives can be used as?nouns,?adjectives, or?adverbs. Exercise 3Say whether the?bold?word in each sentence is Finite or Non-Finite verb.?1. Paul?runs?to work every day.?2. We found him?smoking?behind the shed.?3. Amanda was reluctant?to apply?for the job.?4. My mom?told?me to go shopping.?5. I find?speaking?stressful.?6. They do not appreciate my?singing.?7. My husband?reminded?me last night to buy milk.?8. On a nice day, I like?to walk?in the woods.?Exercise 4Find out the finite and non-finite verbs in the sentences given below:1.?? ?He gave me a chair to sit.2.?? ?It was a sight to see.3.?? ?I want to buy some clothes.4.?? ?Barking dogs seldom bite.5.?? ?He is about to leave.6.?? ?It is time to start.7.?? ?He was wearing a torn shirt.8.?? ?He had his shoes polished.9.?? ?They got the roof repaired.10.?? ?Finding the door open I went inside.Exercise 5Find out the finite and non-finite verbs in the sentence below. If non-finite, say whether it is an infinitive, past participle, or present participle. If you ever needed to know the answers, he was the one to speak to. I was afraid.He walked towards me.The others had gone to the show; I suddenly felt alone.He gave me a cold look and my heart sank.Then he smiled and I knew I was safe. Walking towards me, I caught a glimpse of silver blade behind his back.Perhaps I was not safe after all. Exercise 11. linking: felt2. action: left3. action: needed4. action: looked5. action: saw6. action: ran; action: studied7. linking: appeared8. action: pulled; action: moved9. action: slid10. action: hurried11. action: bowed12. linking: wasExercise 41.?? ?Finite – gave; non-finite – to sit2.?? ?Finite – was; non-finite – to see3.?? ?Finite – want; non-finite – to buy4.?? ?Finite – bite; non-finite – barking5.?? ?Finite – is; non-finite – to leave6.?? ?Finite – is; non-finite – to start7.?? ?Finite – was wearing; non-finite – torn8.?? ?Finite – had; non-finite – polished9.?? ?Finite – got; non-finite – repaired10.?? ?Finite – went; non-finite – finding ................
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