Images.pcmac.org



Mythology Due: 1/22Rationale: Mythology, particularly Greek mythology, has had a major influence on Western European and American culture. To better understand the literature a student will be reading throughout high school, it is helpful to have some background knowledge of mythology. Students will see references- allusions- in Romeo and Juliet and The Odyssey, two major works read in ninth grade. Writers have borrowed characters, plots, and themes from these stories since the beginning of literature. This assignment focuses on analyzing, following directions,, summarizing, citing, designing slides, and incorporating textual evidence. Echo & Narcissus 89-90 Orpheus & Eurydice 107-9 Pyramus & Thisbe 105-7 Pygmalion & Galatea 112-115 Daphne and the Laurel Wreath 119 The Quest of the Golden Fleece 122-135 Perseus and Medusa 146-154 Theseus 155-165 Odysseus and The Trojan Horse 185-200Demeter & Persephone 50-55Antigone 273-277Midas and the Golden Touch 292-293The 12 Labors of Hercules 166-179 Glaucus and Scylla 296-8Aeneas Part one 230-236Aeneas Part 2 236-240Aeneas Part 3 240-246The Sirens, the Fates, and the SatyrsPrometheusOr students may focus on a story from -Norse mythology () -African Mythology -Native American Mythology -Asian Myths-mythology story/character approved By StefanskiRead your myth. Carefully review the lists of archetypes and your assigned myth. You may check out a copy of Edith Hamilton’s Mythology or research your myth on a reliable source. ELIGIBLE SOURCES: You may NOT use Wikipedia, e how, and blogs as a source, and you can only use one general encyclopedia (Colliers, World Book…). You need to find 2 sources on your myth. (Yes, Edith Hamilton’s Mythology can be one of your sources)Create slide 1 of a PPT. You need a picture, title, and 2-4 bullets on your myth (not complete sentence). You will need to retell the myth in 2 minutes so that your classmates will know the story as well as you do. Put by and your name somewhere on this slide.On slide 2 of a PPT, you will gather 4 quotes from 2 different sources on your myth. You will practice using signal phrases in every quote. (1) One quote will need to be an abbreviated quote. (2) One quote will identify the source using the signal phrase so a parenthetical citation is not needed. (3) One quote will use a parenthetical citation. (4) The final quote will use the citation of your choice. You should have a picture on this slide.( 1& 3) Odysseus may have been imprisoned by Circe but numerous sources “mentions [sic] that Circe and Odysseus had three sons; Ardeas, Latinus, and Telegonus” (“Circe”). (2) According to Klimczam, “Circe is a symbol of female power for women and vanity for men.” One slide 3 of a PPT, you will type a paragraph and include a picture. For your myth, identify two archetypes from any of the 3 categories—situational, character, or ?symbolic. In a paragraph (4-7 sentences), explain how the myth contains the archetypes. You can discuss how this archetype develops a theme/moral. To support your claim, include evidence in the form of paraphrase/summary. You will need to use parenthetical citations (Last name or shortened title in parenthesis). Sample paragraph that addresses only one archetype.In Part I of The Odyssey, Odysseus is introduced as a hero as a warrior; his courage, strength, honor, and leadership are reinforced through his action. He wields the heart of a fighter and is fearless in harm’s way; he never remains on the side-lines or runs for safety when danger comes his way. Instead of sending his men to die and do his dirty work for him, Odysseus puts his life in jeopardy and faces danger head on. His great bravery and courageousness can be shown in lines 134-137 when Odysseus and a few of his men head onto the island of Sicily to encounter the one-eyed Cyclops. Odysseus clearly depicts his braveness and courageousness by venturing onto the island of the giant with a few of his men and leaving the rest of his crewmates in safety (Homer). One slide 4 of your PPT, complete your works cited page. Center Works Cited. Double Space. Use a hanging indent. Alphabetize your sources. Last Name 4Works Cited“Circe.” Greek Mythology, Other_Gods/Circe/circe.html. Hamilton, Edith. Mythology. New York: Little, Brown, and Company, 1942. Klimczak, Natalia. “The Spellbinding Story of Circe, Goddess of Magic.” Ancient Origins, Ancient Origins, myths-legends-europe/spellbinding-story-circe-To prepare for your presentation, make sure you are familiar enough with your topic that you do not have to read from your ppt and can speak intelligently about it to the class. You will be graded for your presentation skills including speaking clearly, making eye contact and staying on topic.Print your 4 slide PPT. Print it on the front and back of paper. Staple your paper. Archetypes for Assignment #1?Archetype: An image, or motif, or thematic pattern that has recurred so regularly in history, literature,religion, or folklore as to have acquired a transcendent symbolic force.Character ArchetypesCreature of Nightmare: A monster usually summoned from the deepest, darkest part of the human psyche tothreaten the lives of the hero/heroine; often it is a perversion or desecration of the human body.Damsel in Distress: A vulnerable woman who needs to be rescued by the hero.; she often is used as a trap to ensnarethe unsuspecting hero.?The Devil Figure—this character represents evil incarnate. S/He may offer worldly goods, fame, or knowledge to the protagonist in exchange for possession of the soul or integrity. This figure’s main aim is to oppose the hero in his/her quest.Earth Mother: Symbolic of fruition, abundance, and fertility, this character traditionally offers spiritual andemotional nourishment to those with whom she comes in contact. Often depicted in earth colors, she has breasts and hips, symbolic of her childbearing capacities.?The Evil Figure with the Ultimately Good Heart—this redeemable devil figure, or servant to the devil figure, is saved by the hero’s nobility or good heart.Friendly Beast—these animals assist the hero and reflect that nature is on their hero’s side.The Hero: The Hero is a protagonist whose life is a series of well-marked adventures. The circumstances of his birth are unusual, and he is raised by a guardian. He will have to leave his kingdom, only to return to it upon reaching manhood. Characterized by courage, strength, and honor, the hero will endure hardship, even risk his life for the good of all. Leaves the familiar to enter an unfamiliar and challenging world.Hunting Group/Companions: These are loyal companions willing to face hardship and ordeal in order to staytogether.?The Initiates: The Initiates are young heroes or heroines who must go through some training and ceremony before undertaking their quest.Loyal Retainers: The Retainer's duty is to reflect the nobility and power of the hero.?Mentor: The Mentor is an older, wiser teacher to the initiates. He often serves as a father or mother figure. He gives the hero gifts (weapons, food, magic, information) and serves as a role model or as the hero’s conscience.Mentor-Pupil Relationship: In this relationship, the Mentor teaches the Hero/Pupil necessary skills for surviving the quest.The Outcast—this figure is banished from a community for some crime, real or imagined. The outcast is usually destined to become a wanderer.Platonic Ideal: A woman who is a source of inspiration to the hero, who has an intellectual rather than physicalattraction to her?Scapegoat: An animal, or more usually a human, whose death in a public ceremony expiates some taint or sin of a community; the scapegoat often is more powerful in death than in life.?Outcast: A character banished from a social group for some real or imagined crime against his fellow man, usually destined to wander form place to place?Shadow: A worthy opponent with whom the hero must struggle in a fight to the end and either destroy or neutralize this opponent Psychologically, the Shadow can represent the darker side of the hero’s own psyche.?Star-Crossed Lovers: Two characters engaged in a love affair fated to end tragically for one or both due to the disapproval of society, friends, family, or some tragic situation.Temptress or Black Goddess: Characterized by sensuous beauty, this woman is one to whom the protagonist isphysically attracted and who ultimately brings about his downfall. She may appear as a witch or vampire. Threshold: Guardian tests the hero’s courage and worthiness to begin the journey.?Father-Son Conflict: In this relationship, the tension builds due to separation from childhood or some other source,culminating when the two meet as men.?Young Man from the Provinces: The Hero returns to his home and heritage where he is a stranger who can see new problems and new solutionsUnfaithful Wife: A woman, married to a man she sees as dull or distant, is attracted to more virile or interesting men. White Goddess: Good, beautiful maiden, usually blond, may make an ideal marriage partner; often haslarge religious or intellectual overtones 7Situational ArchetypesBattle between Good and Evil: Obviously, a battle between two primal forces; mankind shows eternal optimism in the continual portrayal of good triumphing over evil despite great odds.?Death and Rebirth: The most common of all situational archetypes, this motif grows out of a parallel between the cycle of nature and the cycle of life. Thus, morning and springtime represent birth, youth, or rebirth while evening and winter suggest old age or death.?Fall: The descent from a higher to a lower state of being usually as a punishment for transgression; it also involves the loss. Journey: The journey sends the Hero in search of some truth that will help save his kingdom.?Initiation: The experience through which the adolescent comes into his maturity with new awareness and problems. Quest: What the Hero must accomplish in order to bring fertility back to the wasteland, usually a search for some talisman that will restore peace, order, and normalcy to a troubled landRitual: These actual ceremonies that the Initiate experiences mark his rite of passage to another level or state of his being;ritual provides a clear sign of the character's role in his society.?Task: The nearly superhuman feat(s) the Hero must perform in order to accomplish his quest?Un-healable Wound: A physical or psychological wound that cannot fully heal; the wound symbolizes loss of innocence.Symbolic Archetypes?Crossroads: A place or time of decision when a realization is made and change or penance results.?Maze: A puzzling dilemma or great uncertainty, a search for the dangerous monster inside of oneself, or a journey into the heart of darkness?Castle: A strong place of safety which holds treasure or princess, may be enchanted or bewitched?Fog: Symbolizes uncertainty?Geometric Shapes: a triangle for the Trinity; a circle for perfection and eternity, wholeness, unionFire and Ice: Fire represents knowledge, light, life, and rebirth while ice, like the desert, represents ignorance, darkness, sterility, and death.Gardens: Natural abundance; easy, beautiful life; new birth, hope; Eden, original Paradise from which mankind was exiled Haven versus Wilderness: Places of safety contrast sharply with a dangerous wilderness. Heroes are often sheltered (in a haven) for a time to regain health and resources.?Heaven versus Hell: Man has traditionally associated parts of the universe not accessible to him with the dwelling places of the primordial forces that govern his world. The skies and mountaintops house his gods; the bowels of the earth contain diabolic forces.Innate Wisdom versus Educated Stupidity: Some characters exhibit wisdom and understanding of situations instinctively as opposed to those supposedly in charge. Loyal retainers often exhibit this wisdom as they accompany the hero on the journey.?Light versus Darkness: Light usually suggests goodness, hope, renewal, or intellectual illumination; darkness implies the unknown, ignorance, despair or evil.Magic Weapon: The weapon the hero needs in order to complete his quest?Nature versus Mechanistic World: Nature is good while technology is evil.?Supernatural Intervention: Spiritual beings intervene on the side of the hero or sometimes against him.?Tower: A strong place of evil, represents the isolation of self?Threshold: Gateway to a new world which the hero must enter to change and grow.?Underworld: A place of death or metaphorically an encounter with the dark side of the self; entering an underworld is a form of facing a fear of death.Water versus Desert: Because Water is necessary to life and growth, it commonly appears as a birth symbol as baptism symbolizes a spiritual birth. Rain, rivers, oceans, etc., also function the same way. The Desert suggests the opposite. Whirlpool: Symbolizes the destructive power of nature or fate?ColorsRed – blood, sacrifice, passion, disorder ?Green – growth, hope, fertility Blue – highly positive, security, tranquility, spiritual purity Black – darkness, chaos, mystery, the unknown, death, wisdom, evil, melancholy White – light, purity, innocence, timelessness (negatives: death, horror, supernatural)Yellow – enlightenment, wisdom Numbers3 – light, spiritual awareness, unity (holy trinity), male principle?4 – associated with the circle, life cycle, four seasons, female principle, earth, nature, elements?7 – the most potent of all symbolic numbers signifying the union of three and four, the completion of a cycle, perfect order, perfectionHeroic Archetypes Apocalyptic Hero: Hero who faces the possible destruction of society?Anti-hero: A non-hero, given the vocation of failure (sometimes a humorous character (Homer Simpson) Defiant Anti-hero: Opposer of society’s definition of heroism/goodness (Heart of Darkness)Hero as warrior (Odysseus): This near god-like hero faces physical challenges and external enemies.Hero as lover (Prince Charming): A pure love motivates this hero to complete his questHero as Scapegoat (Jesus): This hero suffers for the sake of othersThe Other—the Denied Hero: The protagonist whose status or essential “otherness” makes heroism possible (Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison; The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan)Proto-Feminist Hero: Female heroes (Edna Pontellier in The Awakening; Nora in A Doll House)Transcendent Hero (Tragic hero): The Greek tragic hero, a person of noble birth and integrity, makes a moral warrior (Odysseus): This near god-like hero faces physical challenges and external enemies. lover (Prince Charming): A pure love motivates this hero to complete his quest.?Scapegoat (Jesus): This hero suffers for the sake of others decision based on all that he knows at the time, later may learn this choice was horrific, yet takes responsibility for his action and suffers its consequences that lead to his downfall, exile, and often death. The tragedy is he is so undeserving of his fate that he heroically faces. (Oedipus) The Shakespearean/Renaissance tragic hero, a person of noble birth and integrity, has a fatal flaw of character that brings about his downfall and often death but not without his achieving some kind of transforming realization or wisdom. (Macbeth, Othello)Romantic/Gothic Hero (Byronic Hero): Hero/lover with a decidedly dark side (Mr. Rochester in Jane Eyre, Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights)Superhero: Exaggerates the normal proportions of humanity; frequently has divine or supernatural origins; in some sense, the superhero is one apart, someone who does not quite belong, but who is nonetheless needed by society. (Mythological heroes, Superman)Unbalanced Hero: The Protagonist who has (or must pretend to have) mental or emotional deficiencies (Prince Hamlet; One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest)Stages of a Hero’s Journey . . .Stage 1: Departure: The hero is called to adventure although he is reluctant to accept.Stage 2: Initiation: The hero crosses a threshold into a new, more dangerous world, gaining a more mature perspective.Stage 3: The Road of Trials: The hero is given supernatural aid and endures tests of strength, resourcefulness, and endurance.Stage 4: The Innermost Cave: The hero descends into the innermost cave, an underworld, or some other place of great trial. Sometimes this place can be within the hero’s own mind. Because of this trial, the hero is reborn in some way— physically, emotionally, or spiritually. Through this experience, the hero changes internally.Stage 5: Return and Reintegration with Society: The hero uses his new wisdom to restore fertility and order to the landCharacteristics of the Hero’s JourneyThe origin of the hero is mysterious or the hero losses his/her parents at a young age, being raised by animals or a wise guardian.The hero is born and raised in a rural setting away from cities. The hero is na?ve and inexperienced.?The hero meets monsters or monstrous men.The hero has a strange, wise being as a mentor.? The hero yearns for the beautiful lady who is sometimes his guide or inspiration.?The hero must go on a journey, learn a lesson, change in some way, and return home.The hero often crosses a body of water or travels on a bridge.?The hero returns to the land of his/her birth in disguise or as an unknown.?The hero is special, one of a kind. He/she might represent a whole nation or culture.?The hero struggles for something valuable and important.?The hero has help from divine or supernatural forces.?The hero has a guide or guides.?The hero goes through a rite of passage or initiation, an event that marks a change from an immature to a more understanding of the world.? The hero undergoes some type of ritual or ceremony after or as part of his/her initiation.?The hero has a loyal band of companions.?The hero makes a stirring speech to his/her companions.?The hero engages in tests or contests of strength (physical and/or mental) and shows pride in his/her excellence. The hero suffers an un-healable wound, sometimes an emotional or spiritual wound from which the hero never completely recovers. ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download