Maryland Spring HS Round 2 - randomized
Maryland Spring HS Tournament
Round 2
Questions by SteveJon Guth, Jeff Amoros, Logan Anbinder, Paul Marchsteiner, Monica Remmers and Jeremy Eaton
1) The speaker of one work by this man states if "I was ever a fighter... I would hate that death bandaged by my eyes, and forbore, that work is Prospice. One poem by this poet asks "If hate killed men, Brother Lawrence, God's blood, would not mine kill you!" while another describes a man whose "business is to paint the souls of men." Those dramatic monologues found in his (*) Dramatis Personae are Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister and Fra Lippo Lippi. In a better known poem Fra Pandolf said "Paint/must never hope to reproduce the faint half-flush that dies along her throat." For 10 point, name this English poet of Porphyria's Lover and My Last Duchess.
ANSWER: Robert Browning [prompt on partial answer, accept the male Browning, or logical equivalents]
2) One side in this battle supported the Treaty of Stanwix and was led by Buckongahelas and the Shawnee chief Blue Jacket, who staked out a position along the Maumee River, and after this battle that side attempted to retreat to the British Fort Miami. The victors forced the signing of the Treaty of (*) Greenville, which granted it most of present-day Ohio. The last battle of the Northwest Indian War, for ten points, name this 1794 battle that saw Americans under Mad Anthony Wayne beat back Indian opposition in the Northwest Territory, named for the trees blown down by a storm.
ANSWER: Battle of Fallen Timbers
3) This work's very slow opening chords are, according to Robert Kapilow, “centered in the earth” and should be accompanied by a suffused light on stage. Unison strings burst in A-major arpeggios to begin the action of such characters as a revivalist and his flock, and two newlyweds. The work's most memorable tune is first played on the clarinet and then arranged for other parts of the orchestra in the work's seventh section which features five variations on a (*) Shaker theme. That theme is “Simple Gifts”. FTP, name this 1944 work which takes its title from a Hart Crane poem, a ballet by Aaron Copland.
ANSWER: Appalachian Spring
4) Jenson's triangle plots chemical species using two values derived from a version of this quantity developed by Martynov and Batsanov. Sanderson's work on this quanity suggested it should be proportional to the compactness of the atom, explaining why it decreases down a period. One measure for this quantity comes from bond energy, while another is simply the average of the electron (*) affinity and ionization energy; those are named for Pauling and Mulliken. Flourine has the highest value of, for 10 points, what quantity that predicts polar bonds by measures the tendency of a nucleus to attract electrons?
ANSWER: Electronegativity
5) Rivers in this state include the Stroudwater River, which flows into the Fore River and is spanned by the Casco Bay Bridge. George Lonrezo Noyes, known as the thoreauvian of this state, has a mountain named for him in this state's town of Greenwood but himself lived in Oxford County in this state's town of Norway. Mount (*) Desert Island in this state is home to the town of Bar Harbor, which itself contains the only national park in New England, Acadia National Park. Also known as the state containing the Bush family's summer home in the city of Kennebunkport, this is, FTP, what U.S. state with capital at Augusta?
ANSWER: Maine
6) One of this man's early papers, “The Proustian theme in a letter from Keats to Benjamin Bailey” went largely unnoticed by critics, though his textbook on French literature was used at Beardsley College. During his first marriage he lived at 342 Lawn Street, and notably stayed in a hotel room of that number at the Enchanted Hunters with his young (*) stepdaughter. In his manuscript he notes that had he not loved a "certain initial girl-child," Annabel Leigh, he would not have fallen for that stepdaughter or murdered the playwright Clare Quilty. FTP, name this man who is obsessed with the titular nymphet of Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita.
ANSWER: Humbert Humbert
7) Titus Oates was released from prison following this event and it occurred after use of the Dispensing Power which was made illegal immediately following this event. This conflict, which was preceded by Argyle's and Monmoth's rebellions, saw the king try to flee the country after the defeat of his army at (*) Reading, and his replacement accepted the terms of the Coronation Oath Act, including adherence to the Protestant faith. Ending the reign of James II, for ten points, name this event that saw the passage of the English Bill of Rights after William of Orange assumed the throne.
ANSWER: Glorious Revolution or the Revolution of 1688
8) This figure appeared in court only once, for the murder of Halirrhothius. He was once captured by the Aleoids Otus and Ephialtes and held in a giant urn for thirteen months until freed by Hermes. Cadmus slew a water serpent of this diety before creating the Sparti, who were said to be his sons. This killer of (*) Adonis defaulted on payment for marriage gifts after Hephaestus caught this god with a gold net while he was sleeping with Aphrodite. This diety, whose sister was Eris, was attended by Phobos and Deimos, and he sometimes shared his domain with Athena. For 10 points, name this Greek god of war.
ANSWER: Ares
9) Rocard gives a theoretical upper value for this quantity, which is violated in Hawking evaporation of a black hole. The Linde process makes use of an effect which causes this value to drop when volume increases, and a gradient in this quantity can produce a emf, those effects are named for Joule-Thompson and (*) Seebeck. The Stefan-Boltzman law relates flux to the fourth power of this quantity. The Maxwell distribution gives a velocity distribution for a given value of this quantity, and along with pressure this is plotted on a phase diagram. For 10 points, name this quantity measured by the Kelvin and Celsuis scales.
ANSWER: Temperature
10) This number names the route in the Pokemon franchise that passes by the entrances to Mt. Mortar in the Johto region, and this number also names Buzz Lightyear's spaceship in the animated series Buzz Lightyear of Star Command. An episode of Doctor Who with this number as its title is set in real time, and it is both the name of the only numerically titled track on Coldplay's album (*) Viva La Vida or Death and All His Friends and the largest of "The Numbers" on Lost. The only jersey number retired by all MLB teams, since it was worn by Jackie Robinson, is, FTP, this number, popularized by Douglas Adams, which is also 6 times 7.
ANSWER: 42
11) A book by Jurgen Habermas that describes the interaction between philosophy and science is titled after this idea "and human interests," and a causal condition was added to the definition of this concept by Alvin Goldman in response to problems such as that of "the cow in the field." That problem was suggested by Edmund Gettier in response to the traditional definition of this concept, possible dilutions of which are suggested by the (*) "evil demon" and "brain in a vat" problems. Traditionally understood as "justified, true belief," this is, FTP, what philosophical concept that is studied in the field of epistemology?
ANSWER: knowledge
12) In the upper left of this work, 4 men in a long boat row a passenger. Surrounding this ship are two steam ships which are billowing smoke. A man standing front of two men in uniform appears to be playing the trumpet near the center of this work. The only person in this painting who is sleeveless is an older man who has a mustache and is smoking a pipe at the bottom left of this work. The bottom right features a couple who holds onto the (*) leash of a monkey. The center of this painting sees a woman and child walking among the loungers of the titular location. FTP name this work of pointillism, the most famous painting of Georges Seurat.
ANSWER: A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
13) In one work by this author, one character learns how to fly like his titular great-grandfather after deciding to confront his best friend, Guitar, who incorrectly imagines that character, Milkman, had cheated him out of some gold. Another work features the black Pecola Breedlove who thinks she is ugly because she is not Caucasian and wishes for the titular physical feature. In addition to (*) The Bluest Eye and the Song of Solomon, she also wrote a novel describing how Sethe spoils the titular figure, the ghost of her murdered eldest daughter who haunts her family. FTP, name this African-American, female author of Beloved.
ANSWER: Toni Morrison [accept Chloe Ardelia Wofford]
14) Alpha fetoprotein and alpha-one globulin are often used to diagnose cancer in this organ. Kupffer cells are found in this organ, and other cells in this organ have an unusual level of polyploidy. Cholesterol is synthesized in this organ, as well albumin, clotting factors, and angiotensinogen. One pathway in the organ synthesizes pyruvic acid from lactic acid and is called the (*) Cori cycle. The portal vein enters this structure where it spreads into vascular channels called sinusoids, and this organ shares the billiary tree with the nearby gall bladder. Hepatocytes store glycogen in, for 10 points, this largest gland which filters alcohol from blood and secretes bile.
ANSWER: Liver
15) One story about this woman claims that she caused the reappearance of three miraculous phenomena that had previously ended upon the death of her mother-in-law, and a blessing recited upon this woman's departure to be married is still repeated at wedding ceremonies today. She was chosen by the servant Eliezer to be a wife to his master's son in an occurrence in which this woman, the sister of (*) Laban, offered water to Eliezer and his camels. However, her most famous deed may be assisting of one of her twin sons in stealing the other's birthright. FTP, name this Jewish matriarch, the mother of Esau and Jacob and wife of Isaac.
ANSWER: Rebecca
16) At the outset of this event, an attack made on a certain city despite the protests of Simon de Montfort helped one side satisfy a deal made with the Dandolo, the Doge of Venice. After that attack on (*) Zara and excommunication of a large group of soldiers by Pope Innocent III, a power struggle between Alexius III Angelus and his brother Isaac lead forces under Boniface of Montferrat and Otto IV to divert their troops. Resulting in the creation of the Latin Empire, for ten points, name this crusade that ended with the sacking of Constantinople.
ANSWER: Fourth Crusade
17) This man used a specially created episode of Medical Center to test the effects of television on anti-social behavior. In one experiment, he placed letters addressed to favorable and stigmatized institutions in public locations to see if anyone would mail them, and in a different experiment he mailed 160 packages to random people in Omaha, Nebraska and discovered (*) six degrees of separation. In addition to his Lost Letter and Small World experiments, his most famous experiment tested the impact of Nazi control on the actions of German citizens. FTP name this psychologist whose namesake experiment tests a person's obedience to authority when "shocking" an actor.
ANSWER: Stanley Milgram
18) This planet's outermost ring, Adams, appears twisted, either from a smeared camera or interaction with a shepherd satellite, and another satellite was only found when it eclipsed a star and was subsequently lost until a visit by Voyager II. In addition to Galatea and Larissa, this planet's atmosphere contains D2 and a (*) "scooter" which completes a revolution every sixteen hours. It's largest moon sports both cantaloupe terrain and active nitrogen geysers and orbits in a retrograde orbit; that moon is Triton. For 10 points, methane colors the Great Dark Spot blue of what eighth planet from the sun?
ANSWER: Neptune
19) In one scene from this work, the protagonist and his companion escape a giant's castle with a key that opens any door in the castle. The boy Mathew falls ill after stealing fruit, and his sister Mercy's suitor rejects her because of her charity work. The protagonist meets an (*) interpreter, who reads deep meaning in ordinary objects in his Significant Rooms. In the second part of this work, the protagonist's wife Christiana follows the protagonist to a city in the land of Beulah. The protagonist defeats Apollyon, but later Faithful is killed in Vanity Fair. For 10 points, name this allegory about Christian, written by John Bunyan.
ANSWER: Pilgrim's Progress
20) The decline of this empire was hastened by the raids from the Mossi. This empire was founded after a battle that saw the Mema, Mandinka and Wagadou armies combine to defeat the Sosso Empire led by Sumanguru Kante at Kirina. Founded by (*) Sundiata Kieta in the 13th century, it reached its greatest height under the Laye dynasty, including the reformation of the university of Sankore into a Muslim madrasah. Including the gold fields of Bure and cities such as Djenne, Gao and Timbuktu, for ten points, name this western African empire located along the Niger River, most famously ruled by Mansa Musa.
ANSWER: Mali Empire
BONUSES
1) Answer the following about a certain pillar of Islam, FTPE:
[10] This pillar mandates a pilgrimage to Mecca during the last month of the Islamic calendar. It must be completed at least once in every Muslim's life as long as they are physically able to do so.
ANSWER: Hajj
[10] After a Hajj, a pilgrim might tell you how he circled this cube-shaped holiest site in Islam, the Black Stone at the center of which is often kissed by pilgrims. Muslims must face towards this site when they pray.
ANSWER: Kaaba
[10] During the hajj to Mecca, pilgrims visit the neighboring city of Mina to perform this ritual, the throwing of certain objects at three pillars. The ritual is said to reenact Abraham's journey to Mecca.
ANSWER: Stoning of the devil or stoning of the jamarat or ramy al-jamarat (accept English equivalents)
2) It names a test used to look for a significant difference between two populations each with a mean and standard deviation. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this letter, which also gives the difference between a data point and the mean divided by the standard deviation.
ANSWER: Z [accept z-test or z-score]
[10] Z-tests usually use this distribution, the limit of the binomial distribution as n goes to infinity. This distribution is commonly identified with the bell curve.
ANSWER: normal distribution or model [accept Gaussian distribution]
[10] This distribution describes the intersection of a line segment at a random angle with the x-axis. It notably violates the Central limit theorem because its moments are undefined, and its cumulative distribution is the arctangent.
ANSWER: Cauchy Distribution [accept Lorentz Distribution]
3) He can absolve men of guilt when he takes the form of a turkey, and he once seduced Xochipilli's wife Xochiquetzal. For 10 points each
[10] Name this Aztec lord of North who tempts men and whose name means "smoking mirror."
ANSWER: Tezcatlipoca
[10] This diety is the opposite of Tezcatlipoca and gave his own blood to create the fifth world. This feathered serpent is associated with the morning star, intelligence, and Hernan Cortes.
ANSWER: Quetzalcoatl
[10] This wife of the cloud god Mixcoatl gave birth to Quetzalcoatl and his brother Xolotl. Her son Huitzilopochtli was fathered by a ball of feathers, and this goddess wears a necklace of human body parts.
ANSWER: Coatlicue
4) The speaker of this poem claims that “Nature's first green is gold/ Her hardest hue to hold”. Name FTPE:
[10] This poem which the speaker claims, “Her early leaf's a flower; But only so an hour”
ANSWER: Nothing Gold Can Stay
[10] This author of Nothing Gold Can Stay who also wrote Mending Wall and recited his The Gift Outright at John F. Kennedy's Inauguration.
ANSWER: Robert Frost
[10] This poem by Robert Frost which the speaker says, “The woods are lovely, dark and deep./ But I have promises to keep,/ And miles to go before I sleep,/ And miles to go before I sleep.”
ANSWER: Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
5) He was the target of an assassination plot that culminated in the murder of his brother Guiliano. For ten points each,:
[10] Identify this Magnificent Florentine statesman who served as the patron for Botticelli and Verrocchio.
ANSWER: Lorenzo de Medici or on Lorenzo the Magnificent
[10] This assassination plot gained the support of Pope Sixtus IV and the Archbishop of Pisa. It saw members of its namesake family attack Lorenzo in the Cathedral of Florence on Easter.
ANSWER: Pazzi Conspiracy
[10] During his time in control of Florence, Lorenzo built a relationship with this Ottoman sultan, who lost to Vlad the Impaler in the Battle of Wallachia after beseiging Belgrade.
ANSWER: Mehmet II or Mehmet the Conqueror
6) FTPE, answer some questions about requiems set to non-liturgical texts.
[10] This man's German Requiem uses text from Luther's bible, and begins with “Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted.” This composer's other works include the Academic Festival Overture and a namesake lullaby.
ANSWER: Johannes Brahms
[10] This 1962 Benjamin Britten work uses traditional Latin text interspersed with Wilfred Owen poems. Tenor and baritone soloists sing the Owen text, while a soprano and full choir sing parts of the requiem liturgy.
ANSWER: War Requiem
[10] This requiem setting by Penderecki mostly follows the liturgical text, but is notable for its penultimate movement, the Trisagion, which is not in Latin. It is usually performed as a dramatic oratorio.
ANSWER: Polish Requiem
7) This Georgian went from two percent national name recognition to the presidency in a little over a year. For ten points each:
[10] Name this president who coined the term "crisis of confidence" to describe consumer fears of economic stagflation in the late 1970s.
ANSWER: Jimmy Carter
[10] This Egyptian president and successor of Gamel Abdul Nasser signed the agreement, which played a role in his assassination by Islamic extremists.
ANSWER: Anwar Sadat
[10] This air force general who succeeded Sadat was in the review stand when the Egyptian Islamic Jihad killed Sadat, and survived a later assassination attempt in Addis Ababa in 1995.
ANSWER: Hosni Mubarak
8) Sections in this work include The Pachuco and Other Extremes and The Sons of La Malinche. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this collection of cultural essays that searches for a definition of a certain national character.
ANSWER: The Labyrinth of Solitude [accept El laberinto de la soledad]
[10] This Mexican author of the Labyrinth of Solitude also wrote a poem about Venus, The Sun Stone, and a theory of poetry, The Bow and the Lyre.
ANSWER: Octavio Paz
[10] One work by Paz, named after a grammarian example of this animal, is a discussion about the origins of language and follows a figure from the Ramayana.
ANSWER: a monkey
9) It can be measured by the Vickers test with a diamond indenter, and the Brinell method used a steel or carbide ball. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this mineral property whose most well known scale ranks quartz as seven.
ANSWER: Hardness
[10] This popular hardness scale uses ten references materials. Diamond is the hardest material, with a value of ten, while talc is the softest, with a value of one.
ANSWER: Mohs Hardness Scale
[10] This material, an oxide of aluminum, has a hardness of nine on the Mohs scale. Colored forms are called rubies, sapphires, and occasionally padparadschah, while emery is used as an abrasive.
ANSWER: Corundum
10) This city is home to the mound-shaped Kasubi Tombs where kings like Mwanga II and Sir Edward Muteesa are buried and it is also home to one of the world's seven Baha'i Houses of Worship known as Mother Temple of Africa.
[10] First, name this East African capital city.
ANSWER: Kampala
[10] Kampala is the capital of this nation whose native languages include Luo and Luganda. This country, which is south of Sudan and West of Kenya, has been ruled in the past by Idi Amin and Milton Obote.
ANSWER: Uganda
[10] The southern border of Uganda is dominated by this lake named by John Speke. The Nalubaale Dam sits at this lake's single outflow at Jinja where it becomes the White Nile.
ANSWER: Lake Victoria
11) This movie begins with a very heavy rain that forces a woodcutter to hide under the titular gate. FTPE:
[10] Name this movie where the murder of a samurai and a possible rape are told from the perspectives of all involved. Each story changes due to the biases and goals of each narrator of events.
ANSWER: Rashomon
[10] This Japanese director is famous for having multiple cameras on a set to get different angles of the action. In addition to Rashomon, he directed the films Seven Samurai and Stray Dog.
ANSWER: Akira Kurosawa
[10] Another movie by Kurosawa sees a general, two peasants, and a freed slave travel in enemy territory transporting some gold and Princess Yuki Akizuki.
ANSWER: The Hidden Fortress
11) This man led the army that won the battle of Carchemish. For ten points each:
[10] Identify this son of Nabopolassar who is mentioned in the Bible for having attempted to kill Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego.
ANSWER: Nebudchadnezzar II [prompt on partial answer here]
[10] Nebudchadnezzar II was a member of the Chaldean Dynasty of this kingdom, the former capital of the kingdom of Hammurabi.
ANSWER: Babylon
[10] Prior to Nebuchadnezzar's reign, this Neo- Assyrian king destroyed a Babylonian rebellion. Sometimes referred to as Sardanapalus, he also built a massive library of clay tablets.
ANSWER: Ashurbanipal
13) They contain all measurable information about the state of a particle, and are often denoted by the greek letter psi. For 10 points each:
[10] Name these objects which describe the probability of finding a particle in a particular region of space.
ANSWER: Wave function
[10] This central eqation of quantum mechanics can be solved for the wave function. Its namesake proposed a thought experiment about a cat in a box that was in a superposition of being dead and alive.
ANSWER: Schroedinger Equation
[10] For some potentials the Shroedinger equation can be simply written in terms of this independent variable. This representation of a wave function is the Fourier transform of the position representation.
ANSWER: momentum space [accept k-space or p-space]
14) This man's theater group, The Circle Players, derived its name from their production of Brecht's The Caucasian Chalk Circle. FTPE:
[10] Name this playwright who wrote about Miss Helen befriending Elsa in The Road to Mecca.
ANSWER: Athol Fugard
[10] Athol Fugard hails from this African nation, which is also the birthplace of fellow writers Nadine Gordimer and J.M. Coetzee.
ANSWER: South Africa
[10] This other Fugard play features Mr. M, who mentors Isabel and Thami as they prepare for an academic competition. Isabel's bright future in journalism is contrasted with Thami's lack of future opportunities as a black South African.
ANSWER: My Children! My Africa!
15) Name some famous European altarpieces FTPE:
[10] This altarpiece hangs in Saint Anthony's hospital, which shows Jesus with the skin disease that was treated there. This work of Matthias Grunewald shows Christ contorting with pain because of the Crucifixion.
ANSWER: Isenheim Altarpiece
[10] This artist of the Ghent Altarpiece also painted the Arnolfini Portrait and Portrait of a Man in a Turban.
ANSWER: Jan van Eyck
[10] Robert Campin painted this triptych for the titular noble family of Flanders who are in the left panel of this work kneeling. Joseph is working in his shop in the right panel and the Annunciation is shown in the center one.
ANSWER: Merode Altarpiece
16) Name some things about one of the most popular graphic novels, Watchmen, FTPE:
[10] This character wears a mask with a changing inkblot on it from which he derived his name. He is notable for not surrendering, even in the face of Armageddon and saying “Hurm” a lot.
ANSWER: Rorschach [Accept Walter Kovacs]
[10] This man who wrote Watchmen also wrote Swamp Thing, V for Vendetta, and Miracleman.
ANSWER: Alan Moore [prompt on Moore]
[10] A blood stain on this image is the iconic symbol for Watchman, while bloodless versions are featured in many Wal-Mart commercials.
ANSWER: Smiley Face [accept equivalents]
17) Name the following work of Oscar Wilde, FTPE:
[10] This play details the antics surrounding the romances of Cecily Cardew with Algernon Moncrieff, and Gwendolen Fairfax with Jack Worthing.
ANSWER: The Importance of Being Earnest
[10] This poem, penned after Wilde's release from the titular Berkshire facility, where he had been imprisoned for two years for his homosexuality. It includes the line "Yet each man kills the thing he loves."
ANSWER: "The Ballad of Reading Gaol"
[10] This other Wilde play centers on Lady and Sir Robert Chiltern, whom his wife insists remain the titular character by reneging on a blackmail-induced promise to Mrs. Cheveley to support the shady building of a canal in Argentina.
ANSWER: An Ideal Husband
18) He served as the chief architect of the disastrous airborne push toward the Ruhr, named Operation Market Garden. For ten points each:
[10] Name this British general who served as the ground commander of Operation Overlord during World War II and helped push the Axis out of North Africa.
ANSWER: Bernard Montgomery
[10] Possibly Montgomery's greatest victory came at this tank battle in Egypt against Rommel, where Montgomery used the Qattara Depression to bolster his alignment.
ANSWER: Battle of El Alamein
[10] Earlier at this first major clash of Operation Torch, Rommel crushed the Americans at Sbiba and the namesake pass in the Tunisian Dorsal Mountains. As a result, Major General Lloyd Fredendall was replaced by General George Patton.
ANSWER: Kassarine Pass
19) Answer some questions about protein synthesis for 10 points each.
[10] Proteins are formed in these organelles, which are made up of four rRNA strands. These organelles are assembled in the nucleolus, and are found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
ANSWER: Ribosome
[10] Amino acids are brought to the ribsome by anticodons of this molecule, which forms a distinctive "clover leaf" appearance. It contains many modified nucleotides, such as inosine.
ANSWER: tRNA [accept transfer RNA]
[10] This hypothesis explains why the third base of a codon often doesn't affect the translated protein by allowing non-standard base pairing in the third position. It replaced the older adaptor theory.
ANSWER: Wobble Hypthesis
20) Its consequences were egalitarianism and vulnerability, because children's rationality could be compromised before they were able to realize it. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this theory that stated children were born neither trailing clouds of glory nor burdened with original sin.
ANSWER: Tabula Rasa [prompt on "blank slate"]
[10] This philosopher expounded on his theory of the tabula rasa in his work Essay Concerning Human Understanding.
ANSWER: John Locke
[10] This Locke work gives interesting advice for raising children--their winter clothes should be as light as their summer clothes and that they should never be forced to learn when they don't want to.
ANSWER: Some Thoughts Concerning Education
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