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AP Biology – Final Exam Vocabulary TermsTermDefinitionScientific ProcessDependent VariableIndependent VariableVariableBiochemistryAmino acidAmphipathicCarbohydrateDenaturationHydrogen BondIonLipidMacromoleculeMonomerMonosaccharideNon-polar moleculeNucleic acidNucleotidePhospholipidPolar moleculeProteinEvolutionAdaptationAdaptive radiationAlleleAnalogous structureArtificial selectionCoevolutionConvergent evolutionFounder effectGene flowGene poolGenetic bottleneck (bottleneck effect)Genetic driftGenotypeHardy-Weinberg EquationPhenotypePhylogenyPolymorphismDirectional selectionDisruptive selectionDivergent evolutionEndosymbiosisEvo-devoHomologous structureMiller-Urey ExperimentsMolecular clockMutationReproduction isolationRock strataSpeciationVestigial OrganClassification & Biological DiversityArchaeaBacteriaEukaryaMonophyleticOrderParaphyleticPhylogenetic treePhylogenyPhylumPolyphyleticCellsActive TransportApoptosisAquaporinCarrier proteinCentriolesChannel ProteinCyclic AMP (cAMP)Concentration gradientEndoplasmic reticulumGlycolipidGlycoproteinHormoneHypertonicHypotonicIon pumpIsotonicLigandLysosomePlasmolysisProtein KinaseReceptorRough ERSelectively permeableSignal transduction pathwaySmooth ERExocytosisFacilitated diffusionPhagocytosisTransmembrane proteinTurgorCell DivisionAnaphaseCancerCell cycleCellular differentiationCentriolesChromosomeCrossing overCyclin-dependent kinaseCytokinesisFertilizationGameteHaploidHomologous chromosomesIndependent assortmentInterphaseMeiosisMetaphaseMitosisSomatic cellSynapsisTelophaseMolecular GeneticsAnticodonCodonDNADNA ligaseDNA PolymeraseExonsGene InductionGene RepressionHelicaseHOX genesHydrogen bondingInducible genesIntronsLac operonmiRNAMorphogenesisOkazaki fragmentsPolymerase chain reactionRestriction enzymeRNAisiRNATranscriptionTranslationMendelian GeneticsAutosomeCodominanceDihybrid crossIncomplete dominanceIndependent assortmentMultiple allelesNon-disjunctionPedigreeTest CrossMetabolismAcetyl coAActivation energyActive siteATPCalvin CycleCatabolismCatalystCellular respirationChemiosmosisCitric acid cycleElectron transport chainEndergonic reactionEnzymeExergonic reactionFermentationGlycolysisNegative feedbackOxidative phosphorylationPhotolysisPositive feedbackPhysiologyAction potentialCircadian RhythmInsulinRefractory periodDiabetesEctothermicEndothermicGlucagonGuard cellsHomeostasisMesophyllMotor neuronMyelinNeuronNeurotransmitterNodes of RanvierPhloemPhotoperiodismResting potentialSchwann cellsSensory neuronSynapseTranspirationXylemEcologyAbiotic factorBiotic factorCarrying capacityDecomposerImprintingIntroduced speciesNitrogen cycleDetritvoreEcological NicheEcological successionExponential growthLogistic growthMutualismSymbiosis ................
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