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[Pages:49]AP Biology

Photosynthesis (part 1) ? The Light Reactions Life from Light

AP Biology

Originally prepared by Kim B. Foglia Revised and adapted by Nhan A. Pham

Energy needs of life

All life needs a constant input of energy

Heterotrophs (Animals)

consumers

- get their energy from "eating others" (organic molecules make energy through respiration

Autotrophs (Plants)

- produce their own energy from "self"

- convert energy of sunlight

producers

- build organic molecules (CHO) from CO2 - make energy and synthesize sugars through

photosynthesis

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How Are They Connected?

Heterotrophs

making energy & organic molecules from digesting organic molecules

glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy

dioxide

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

oxidation = exergonic

Autotrophs

making energy & organic molecules from light energy

Where's the ATP?

carbon + water + energy glucose + oxygen

dioxide

6CO2 + 6H2O +enliegrhgty C6H12O6 + 6O2

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reduction = endergonic

What does it mean to be a plant?

Need to...

collect light energy and transform it into chemical

energy

ATP

store light energy in a stable form to be moved

around the plant or stored

need to get building block atoms from the environment

CO2

produce all organic molecules needed for growth carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

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glucose

N

K P

H2O

Plant Structure

Obtaining raw materials

- sunlight (leaves = solar collectors) - CO2 (stomata = gas exchange)

- H2O (uptake from roots) - nutrients (N, P, K, S, Mg, Fe, etc. through uptake

from roots) AP Biology

Chloroplasts

cross section

absorb

leaves

of leaf sunlight and CO2

CO2

chloroplasts in plant cell

chloroplast

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chloroplasts contain

chlorophyll

make

energy and sugar

Plant Structure

Chloroplasts

chloroplast

ATP

H+ HH+ H+ H+tHh+ y+Hla+HkHo++idHH++

- double membrane

- fluid-filled interior (stroma)

outer membrane stroma

inner membrane

- thylakoid membrane contains chlorophyll molecules, electron transport chain (ETC), and ATP synthase

thylakoid granum

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