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AP Psychology Unit IV: Consciousness Unit Outline #4 Corresponding Modules : 22-25
Fall Semester 2014 Topic: Consciousness (2-4%)
Bacile
UNIT IV OUTLINE: States of Consciousness
OVERVIEW
States of Consciousness
Consciousness—our awareness of ourselves and our environment—can be experienced in various states. The States of Consciousness unit examines not only waking consciousness, but also sleep and dreaming, daydreaming, fantasies, hypnotic states, drug-altered states, and near-death experiences.
Most of the terminology in this chapter is introduced in the sections on Sleep and Dreams and Drugs and Consciousness. Among the issues discussed in this unit are the reasons for sleep and dreams, whether hypnosis is a unique state of consciousness, and possible psychological and social roots of drug use.
OBJECTIVES
• Describe the sleep cycle and identify what occurs in each stage
• Compare differences between NREM and REM
• Describe the major sleep disorders
• Explain the purpose of dreams
• Discuss hypnosis and describe the characteristics of those more likely to be hypnotized
• Discuss dependence, tolerance and withdrawal in relation to drug use
• Chart names and effects of depressants, stimulants and hallucinogenic drugs
• Describe the effects of depressants, stimulants and hallucinogens
VOCABULARY
Note: It is EXTREMELY important that you know and understand ALL relevant vocabulary prior to the end of each unit. It is highly recommended that you use some method of “vocabulary learning.” Please note that there will be frequent vocabulary quizzes, as your success on the AP Psychology Exam is dependent on your knowledge of psychological terminology.
99. Consciousness
164. Biological rhythms
165. Circadian rhythm
166. REM sleep
167. Alpha waves
168. Sleep
169. Hallucinations
170. Delta waves
171. Insomnia
172. Narcolepsy
173. Sleep apnea
174. Night terrors
175. Dream
176. Manifest content
177. REM rebound
178. Hypnosis
179. Posthypnotic suggestion
180. Dissociation
181. Psychoactive drug
182. Tolerance
183. Withdrawal
184. Physical dependence
185. Psychological dependence
186. Addiction
187. Depressants
188. Barbiturates
189. Opiates
190. Stimulants
191. Amphetamines
192. Methamphetamines
193. Ecstasy (MDMA)
194. Hallucinogens
195. LSD
196. THC
197. Near-death experience
IMPORTANT FIGURES
• Calvin Hall
• Sigmund Freud
• Rosalind Cartwright
• J. Allan Hobson
• Ernest Hilgard
• Irving Kirsch
READING OUTLINE
Directions: In AP Psychology is it ESSENTIAL that you keep up with the reading schedule (please see Unit IV: States of Consciousness Calendar). Please keep in mind that there will be frequent reading quizzes.
Modules 22-25
I. CONSCIOUSNESS AND HYPNOSIS (p. 218-223)
II. SLEEP PATTERNS AND SLEEP THEORIES (p. 225-233)
a. Biological Rhythms
b. The Rhythm of Sleep
c. Why Do We Sleep?
III. SLEEP DEPRIVATION, DISORDERS, AND DREAMS (p. 234-243)
a. Facts and Falsehoods
b. Effects of Sleep Loss
c. Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, Nightmares, Night Terrors
d. What are Dreams?
e. Why do we dream what we do?
IV. DRUGS AND CONSCIOUSNESS (p. 246-256)
a. Dependence and Addiction
b. Psychoactive Drugs
c. Influences on Drug Use
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