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411480028194000APA Citation Summary SheetNote: A great “how to” book is Nelson publishers’ Cites & Sources An APA Documentation Guide by Jane Haig, Vicki MacMillan and Gail Raikes. Another note: If you are using citation machine for direct quotes, make sure you include the page numbers in-text citations – they do not.What is APA?APA is a type of documentation used to give credit to the sources you have used in your writing. This is method of citation is used by NSCC. If you take an idea or a word-for-word quotation from an author, you must give credit to the original author by citing the source(s) you have used. Plagiarism If you do not cite your sources, you are basically stealing other peoples’ words or ideas and this is PLAGIARISM. The penalty for plagiarism can be academic failure on that particular assignment, the course or the program. Serious plagiarism can result in legal steps being taken. Plagiarism is a form of fraud. Documentation using APA style must appear twice in your writing – in your text directly following the material you have borrowed and on a separate reference page.What information should you write down when you are doing your research?Title of material usedAuthor’s name(s)Pages consulted you must use page number(s) in APA in text citation when using direct quotesPublication Information DateCityPublisherDirect quotes if usingMake sure you write the quote word for wordIf you are omitting part of the quote, use . . . to indicate the part you omittedAccess information for electronic materialsurlauthor’s name (if available) date (if available)title of webpagetitle of articleif article is lengthy, get the paragraph numberIn-Text CitationsWhy do we use in-text citation?Identifies the sources you have used for your researchIdentifies a direct quote, a summary or paraphrased informationAlerts readers that there is a reference page at the end of the paper where they can get more information about the resource usedThere are two ways to cite in-text: Direct Quotation use exact words (word for word) from your sourceALWAYS include the source’s page number Summary or ParaphraseUses your own words but shortens or restates a source’s informationWhat does it look like?Directly follows an idea or fact taken from a source.Includes author’s surname only, date of publication and IF A DIRECT QUOTE, the page number.Is normally placed at the end of a sentence with the punctuation for the sentence following the citation.(Author, date)(Collins, 2009)(Author, no date)(Collins, n.d.)Author mentioned in sentenceAccording to Collins, Katniss is . . . (2009)Direct quote: (Author, date, page)(Collins, 2009, p.14)Author mentioned in sentenceAs Collins says, “I only need to think of Prim…” (2010, p.14).No author: (Title, date)(“Why so hungry,” 2010)How to use direct quotes in your paper:Short quotes (<40 words) should be included in your text and placed in quotation marks.Example: There are so many trilogies to choose from but “The Hunger Games is, without question, a great series” (Brennan, 2011, p.1).Long quotes (>40 words) are set off from the rest of your textBlock indent (one tab) from the left margin.Double space the entire quotation DO NOT USE quotation marksThe reaction they had in District 11, however, was a contrast to their earlier reception.There’s loud applause, but none of the other responses we got in the Capitol, the cheers and whoops and whistles. We walk across the shaded verandah until the roof runs out and we’re standing at the stop of a big flight of marble stairs in the glaring sun. As my eyes adjust, I see the buildings on the square have been hung with banners that help cover their neglected state. It’s packed with people, but again, just a fraction of the number who live here (Collins, 2009, p. 58).A ParaphraseA paraphrase is a rewording of a source’s words. It is not necessarily shorter; sometimes it can actually be longer than the original. You do not use quotation marks and the citation appears at the end of your paraphrase. No page number is included because it is not a direct quote.Example: The response in District 11 is different than the response they got in the Capitol. In District 11, they hear applause but none of the loud cheering they had previously heard. When they walk across the porch until they’re standing at the top of the huge marble staircase, in the bright sunlight, they look around District 11 and realize that the banners that have been hung for the celebration are failing to cover the disrepair and neglect of buildings there. In addition, unlike the celebration in the Capitol, it was not a command performance and only some of the population attended the event (Collins, 2009).A SummaryA summary is actually an abbreviated form of the source’s information. Example: The response in District 11 is different than the response they got in the Capitol. When they appeared in front of the much smaller than usual crowd, there was much more subdued celebration and the overall appearance of the buildings showed neglect (Collins, 2009).Reference Page Citation The reference page appears as a separate page in your essay. It is titled Reference Page or References. The body is double spaced. The first line of the citation is aligned at the left margin but the second and subsequent lines are indented 5 spaces (1 tab). You can set a hanging tab for this if you know how.The listings are alphabetical with no numbers.In APA citation, think of each piece of information as a unit. SEPARATE EACH with a period.Note: The title of the book is typed in italics with only the first letter capitalized unless it contains a proper noun that requires a capital.The author’s first name is not used – just the initial.How to write APA reference page citations for:A book with one author:Collins, S. (2010). The hunger games. New York: Scholastic Books.A book with more than one author (2 to 6):Lipschutz, G., Roberts., J., Scarry, J., & Scarry, S. (2004). The Canadian writer’s workplace. Toronto: Thomson-Nelson.An entry in an encyclopedia:Pratt, R. (1999). The Earth. In Encyclopedia of earth sciences. (Vol. 3. pp. 33-44). New York: Oxford University Press.An article in a magazine:Atwood, M. (2011, August). Who’s Margaret Atwood anyway? Macleans, 6, 65-67.An article in a newspaper:Smith, A. (2011, October 12). The ships stop here. The Chronicle Herald, p. A4.A website with an author and date:Jones, A. D. (2010). What’s global warming all about anyway. Retrieved from . (remove the hyperlink)A website without an author or date:Service Canada. (n.d.). Programs and services for you. Retrieved from . gc.ca/eng/home.shtml An article in the NSCC library database:Smith, D.A., & Jones, W.W. (2009, March). ISI: Is this the best way for ALP students to learn? The Adult Learner, 56(3), 20-45. Retrieved from document from a university program website:Nova Scotia Community College. (n.d.). Compiling a bibliography. Retrieved from Citation for ImagesIf you find an image on google images, go to site of origin and use the information for that site (if available).In Text:(Author/Owner/creator, name of piece, date)Reference Page:Owner*/author/creator. (Publish date). Title of image in italics. [media used]. Retrieved from url. *Note: Owner can be site where image is found if no author/creator availableMunch, Edvard. (1910). The Scream. Retrieved from of Google Image cited in text(News You Can Use, Adele, 2012)Example of Google Image cited on reference pageNews You Can Use. (2012). Adele. Retrieved from , M. (2011, August). Who’s Margaret Atwood anyway? Macleans, 6, 65-67.Collins, S. (2010). The hunger games. New York: Scholastic Books.Jones, A. D. (2010). What’s global warming all about anyway. Retrieved from Lipschutz, G., Roberts., J., Scarry, J., & Scarry, S. (2004). The Canadian writer’s workplace. Toronto: Thomson-Nelson.Nova Scotia Community College. (n.d.). Compiling a bibliography. Retrieved from , R. (1999). The Earth. In Encyclopedia of earth sciences. (Vol. 3. pp. 33-44). New York: Oxford University Press.Service Canada. (n.d.). Programs and services for you. Retrieved from /eng/home.shtml Smith, A. (2011, October 12). The ships stop here. The Chronicle Herald, p. A4.Smith, D.A., & Jones, W.W. (2009, March). ISI: Is this the best way for ALP students to learn? The Adult Learner, 56(3), 20-45. 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