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AP U.S. History

Chapter 37 – Multiple Choice Worksheet

Mr. Jones

Make the best selection.

1. Americans feared that the end of World War II would bring mainly

a) renewed racial tensions

b) a return to the Depression

c) a staggering round of deflation

d) a resurgent Nazi Germany

e) a new war with the Soviet Union

2. The Taft-Hartley Act delivered a major blow to labor by

a) outlawing strikes by public employees

b) creating a serious inflationary spiral

c) banning labor’s political action committees

d) outlawing the “closed” (all-union) shops

e) forbidding union organizers to enter workplaces

3. On the home front in 1946, the post-war United States was characterized by

a) lengthy retention of wartime price controls

b) a slow demobilization of military forces

c) an epidemic of labor strikes

d) maximum federal action to guarantee full civil rights for blacks

e) sever unemployment of returned GIs

4. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was passed to check the growing power of

a) the presidency

b) blacks

c) labor unions

d) the federal bureaucracy

e) leftists and communists

5. The growth of organized labor in the post-World War II era was slowed by all of the following except

a) the Taft Hartley Act

b) the rapidly growing number of service-sector workers

c) the failure of Operation Dixie

d) the reduced number of women in the work force

e) the growing number of part-time workers

Page 2.

6. In an effort to forestall an economic downturn, the Truman administration did all of the following except

a) create the President’s Council of Economic Advisers

b) sell war factories and other government installations to private businesses at very low prices

c) pass the Employment Act, which made it government policy to promote maximum employment, production, and purchasing power

d) pass the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, known as the GI Bill of Rights

e) continue wartime wage and price controls

7. The post-World War II prosperity in the U.S. was most beneficial to

a) African Americans

b) labor unions

c) women

d) Hispanics

e) farmers

8. The feminist revolt of the 1960s was sparked by

a) the continued exclusion of most women from the workplace

b) growing domination of the service sector of the economy, where most women were employed, by the industrial manufacturing sectors

c) Congress’s failure to pass the equal rights amendment

d) a clash between the demands of the traditional role of women as wives and mothers and the realities of employment

e) dismay at the image of women in advertising

9. The long economic boom from World War II to the 1970s was fueled primarily by

a) low energy costs

b) reduced military expenditures

c) low inflation

d) low taxes

e) high labor efficiency

10. Much of the prosperity of the 1950s and 1960s rested on

a) foreign aid

b) a rising stock market

c) foreign trade

d) a thriving automobile industry

e) colossal military budgets

Page 3.

11. One sign of the stress that the immediate growth of post-World War II geographic mobility placed an American families was the

a) redistribution of income

b) popularity of advice books on child-rearing

c) increasing reliance on television as a “baby sitter”

d) increasing number of long-distance telephone calls

e) dramatic rises in divorces

12. Post-World War II American workers made spectacular gains in productivity owing to

a) the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act

b) new tools in the factories

c) the continued growth unions

d) the destruction of Europe’s industrial machine

e) their rising educational levels

13. Since 1945, the population in the United States has grown most in the

a) Northeast

b) Midwest

c) Sunbelt

d) Frostbelt

e) Pacific Northwest

14. Much of the Sunbelt’s new prosperity was based on its

a) tremendous influx of money from the federal government

b) policy of high state taxes

c) regulated economic growth

d) cooperative effort rather than unbridled individualism

e) attention to environmental issues

15. All of the following encouraged many Americans to move to the suburbs except

a) development of fuel-efficient automobiles

b) home-loan guarantees from the Federal Housing Authority and the Veterans’ administration

c) government-built highways

d) tax deductions for interest payments on home mortgages

e) “white flight” from racial change

16. The rapid rise of suburbia in post-WWII America can be attributed to

a) the baby boom

b) government mortgage guarantees

c) new highways

d) “white flight”

e) all of the above

Page 4.

17. By 1960, the proportion of Americans who lived in areas classified as metropolitan suburbs was approximately

a) three out of four

b) one out of four

c) half

d) one out of ten

e) four out of ten

18. The continued growth of the suburbs led to

a) increased school integration

b) better entertainment opportunities in the cities

c) an increase in urban poverty

d) a decrease in urban crime

e) more efficient transportation

19. Population distribution after World War II followed a pattern of

a) movement into the Northeast and out of the South

b) mass migration of blacks from the West to the Midwest

c) movement from the Southwest to Appalachia

d) movement out of the cities and into small towns

e) an urban-suburban segregation of blacks and white in major cities

20. The refusal of FHA administrators to grant home loans to blacks resulted in

a) the growth of savings and loan institutions exclusively for blacks

b) driving many blacks into public housing

c) the development of exclusively black suburbs

d) a decline in black migration to the cities

e) all of the above

21. The huge “baby boom” crested in the ________________ and has been declining ever since.

a) late 1940s

b) early 1950s

c) late 1950s

d) mid-1960s

e) early 1970s

22. The baby-boom generation will create a major problem in the future by

a) producing an even larger generation of children than itself

b) placing an enormous strain on the Social Security system

c) creating a housing shortage

d) causing immigration restrictions to be imposed upon many deserving people

e) overbuilding the number of schools

Page 5.

23. Harry Truman possessed all of the following personal characteristics except

a) willingness to admit mistakes

b) few pretensions

c) willingness to accept responsibility

d) honesty

e) courage

24. The U.S. believed that it was desirable to have the Soviet Union participate in the projected invasion of Japan because

a) the communists would be so busy in Asia that they could commit no mischief in Europe

b) without Soviet help, the Japanese could not be defeated

c) Soviet help could reduce the number of American casualties

d) Roosevelt believed that Stalin could help to control the communists in China

e) The Soviets could help control the Chinese communists

25. The origins of the Cold War lay in a fundamental disagreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over postwar arrangements in

a) North Africa

b) East Asia

c) the Middle East

d) the Third World

e) Eastern Europe

26. Joseph Stalin’s postwar security concerns focused primarily on

a) Japan and the Far East

b) the Mediterranean

c) the Middle East

d) Eastern Europe

e) the North Atlantic

27. The responsibility for starting the Cold War rests with the

a) United States

b) Soviet Union

c) Soviet Union and China

d) Soviet Union and Britain

e) United States and Soviet Union

Page 6.

28. The earliest and most serious failure of the United Nations involved its inability to

a) preserve peace in places such as Iran

b) command widespread support in the U.S.

c) control atomic energy, especially in the manufacture of weapons

d) prevent the Soviet Union from exercising its veto power in the Security Council

e) established a Jewish homeland in Israel

29. In regard to postwar Germany, the Big Three allies agreed that

a) Germany should pay economically crippling war reparations

b) high-ranking Nazis should be tried and punished for war crimes

c) occupied Germany should be reunited as soon as possible

d) Germany should receive massive economic aid

e) Germany should be divided into East and West Germany

30. When the Soviet Union the United States, Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President Truman responded by

a) asking the United States to intervene

b) denying the Soviets access to West Germany

c) declaring that an “iron curtain” had descended across Central Europe

d) organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin

e) sending an armed convoy to Berlin

31. Soviet specialist George F. Kennan framed a coherent approach for America in the Cold War by advising a policy of

a) détente

b) appeasement

c) containment

d) limited war

e) negotiation

32. The postwar policies adopted by the Truman administration toward the Soviet Union were based on the assumption that the Soviet Union was inherently

a) weak

b) irrational

c) communist

d) conciliatory

e) expansionist

Page 7.

33. The immediate concern that prompted the announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to events in

a) Iran

b) Greece and Turkey

c) Communist China

d) Czechoslovakia

e) Berlin

34. The immediate concern that prompted the announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to events in

a) Iran

b) Greece and Turkey

c) Communist China

d) Czechoslovakia

e) Berlin

35. Under the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. pledged to

a) refrain from polarizing the world into pro-Soviet and pro-American camps

b) maintain prosperity in America after WWII

c) give very limited assistance to nations fighting communism

d) support those who were resisting subjugation by communists

e) work to liberate the “captive nations” of Eastern Europe

36. Match each postwar American program below with its primary purpose.

A. Print Four 1. assist communist-threatened Greece

B. NATO and Turkey

C. Truman Doctrine 2. promote economic recovery of

D. Marshall Plan Europe

3. aid underdeveloped nations of Latin

America, Asia, and Africa

4. resist Soviet military threat

a) A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

b) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

c) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

d) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2

e) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

37. Truman’s defenders argue that he exaggerated the Soviet threat because he

a) was pressured to do so by other Democrats

b) received bad intelligence from the CIA

c) had been misled by Richard Nixon and other influential critics

d) wanted to win the election of 1948

e) feared a revival of isolationism

Page 8.

38. President Truman’s Marshall Plan called for

a) military aid for Europe

b) substantial financial assistance to rebuild Western Europe

c) economic aid for Japan

d) foreign aid for Third World countries to resist communism

e) an alliance to contain the Soviet Union

39. The Marshall Plan finally passed Congress largely because it was perceived there as

a) anticommunist

b) generous

c) inexpensive

d) unprecedented

e) economically beneficial to the United States

40. All of the following objected to President Truman’s support for the establishment of Israel except

a) the U.S. State Department

b) the Arab states

c) America’s European allies

d) The U.S. Defense Department

e) the Soviet Union

41. American membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization did all of the following for the country except

a) strengthen the containment of the Soviet Union

b) help reintegrate Germany into the European family

c) reduce our defense expenditures, since we would get help from other countries

d) reassure Europeans that the U.S. would not abandon them

e) strike a major blow to American isolationists

42. The U.S.’ participation in NATO

a) reaffirmed our long-standing commitment to the defense of Europe

b) marked a dramatic departure from traditional American isolationism

c) reduced the need for increased military spending

d) helped to resolve the problem of Germany

e) all of the above

Page 9.

43. Postwar Japan

a) was, like Germany, divided into Allied occupation zones

b) was destabilized by a raging civil war between nationalists and communist elements

c) resisted the imposition of American-style democracy

d) was governed from the island of Formosa (Taiwan) until 1949

e) had its military leaders tried for war crimes, as had occurred in Germany.

44. The United States, under the North Atlantic Treaty pact,

a) assumed a moral commitment to aid any signatory assaulted by the Soviet Union

b) pledged a hard-and-fast commitment to provide armed assistance to any member nation attacked by the Soviet Union

c) was allowed to give only economic assistance to its Eastern European allies

d) was forbidden to join a peace time military alliance

e) was pledged to station large numbers of U.S. troops in Europe

45. Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalist government lost the Chinese civil war to the communists and Mao Ze-dong mainly because

a) Jiang lost the support and confidence of the Chinese people

b) the U.S. failed to give Jiang enough aid

c) Mao received much assistance from the Soviet Union

d) communists within the Truman administration undermined Jiang’s efforts

e) the communists were closer to traditional Chinese culture

46. In an effort to detect communists within the government, President Harry Truman established the

a) Committee on Un-American Activities

b) Central Intelligence Agency

c) Smith Act

d) McCarran Internal Security Act

e) Loyalty Review Board

47. In 1948, many southern Democrats split from the party because

a) China had fallen to the communists

b) they opposed American membership in the United Nations

c) President Truman took a strong stand in favor of civil rights

d) they found the Republican candidate, Thomas Dewey, more sympathetic to their conservative ideology

e) Truman appointed an ambassador to the Catholic Vatican City

Page 10.

48. Match each 1948 presidential candidate below with his political party.

A. J. Strom Thurmond 1. Progressive

B. Henry Wallace 2. Democratic

C. Harry S. Truman 3. States’ Rights

D. Thomas E. Dewey 4. Republican

a) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4

b) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

c) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

d) A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2

e) A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

49. Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) Berlin airlift, (B) Korean War, (C) fall of China

a) A, C, B

b) B, C, A

c) A, B, C

d) C, A, B

e) C, B, A

50. Arrange the following in chronological order of their appearance: (A) Marshall Plan, (B) Truman Doctrine, (C) NATO

a) A, C, B

b) B, A, C

c) C, B, A

d) B, C, A

e) A, B, C

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