Coach Yeager's History Page
AP US HistoryThematic Learning ObjectivesPOL-2.0- Explain how popular movements, activist groups, and reform movements have sought change in American society and institutions. Topic and PeriodConcept OutlineEvidence3.1.II- F&I War, the American Independence Movement, and the New Nation(1754-1800)Parliamentary taxation w/o representation; violation of civil rights and liberties; colonial legacy of political and religious ideas; British military measures Sources of colonial leaders resistance: rights of Englishmen; individual rights; self-rule; Enlightenment Roles of Ben Franklin, laborers, artisans, and womenFinancial and material support to the Patriot MovementAdvantages of Patriots and British/LoyalistsStamp Act and “virtual representation”; Proclamation Line of 1763 and Quartering Act; “town meetings” in Puritan New England; Boston Massacre“Trial by Jury”; John Locke’s “natural rights”; House of Burgesses; “Republicanism”French alliance, Wool and Hat Acts, mercantilism, Molly PitcherBoycotts, Ss and Ds of Liberty; Occupations of Boston and NY, Committees of CorrespondencePs: militias, GW’s leadership and Continental Army, ideological commitment and resilience, and European assistance; Bs: organized military and money4.1.III- Democratic Ideals and National Culture (Religious and Intellectual Movements to Reform Society)(1800-1848)A) Voluntary organizations to change individual behaviors and improve society through reformsB) Abolitionists and antislavery movements: 1- North- gradual emancipation but restricted rights; 2- South- limited to unsuccessful rebellionsC) Women’s Rights and the Seneca Falls ConventionTemperance Crusade, prisons/asylums (Dorothea Dix), public education (Horace Mann)William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, Sorjourner Truth, Grimké sisters; Stono Rebellion; Denmark Vesey, Nat TurnerDeclaration of Sentiments, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott 4.3.II- Westward Expansion and Expansion of Slavery(1800-1848)Trans-Appalachian expansion of slavery due to over-cultivationIncreased antislavery efforts up North; continued Southern defense of slaveryCongressional attempts at political compromise placed “band-aids” over the wound created by the institution of slavery“Black Belt” into “Deep South” with more fertile lands for plantations (i.e. Texas)Impact of Mexican-American War in the debate over slavery; About ? owned slaves but most leaders supported “peculiar institution” as a Southern way of lifeMissouri Compromise (1820); Then: Compromise of 1850 and Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) 5.2.I- Differences Over Slavery Led to Various Responses(1844-1877)Northern opposition to slavery continued, but not just for moral reasons, as manufacturing grew while the South remained dependent on slavery.A minority movement with lots of visibility: moral arguments, helping escaped slaves, and even radical ideas.Arguments defending and supporting slaveryFree-Soil Movement was antislavery but not because of principle, but because of how it hurt free laborHBS and Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Underground Railroad, David Walker, John Brown, Harper’s FerryRacial superiority complex, “positive social good,” constitutionally protected (pro-states’ rights)6.1.III- Rise of Industrial Capitalism(1865-1898)A) Improved mechanization increased productivity but lowered pricesB) Consolidation in Agricultural Markets and Dependence on Railroads Led to Local and Regional Coops C) Agrarian Activists and Populists sought government regulations against economic instabilityA) Mechanical Reaper, Steel PlowB) The Grange and “Granger Laws,” Farmers’ Alliances, including ‘Colored’C) The “People’s Party,” Tom Watson, Mary E. Lease, ‘grievances’ and silver issue6.3.II- The Gilded Age: Political Debates Over Economic and Social Issues(1865-1898)Political legacy of Civil War: debates over tariffs and currency amidst political corruption based on economic greed and self-interestWomen’s continued fight for equality, post-secondary education opportunities, and settlement houses for immigrants (language and culture)African Americans’ continued fight against discrimination and for civil rights after the end of Reconstruction eliminated many political gains and Supreme Court cases upheld segregationRepublicans- pro tariffs and hard currency; Democrats- against tariffs and pro free unlimited coinage of silver Women’s suffrage (NAWSA), Temperance Crusade (WCTU), Mt. Holyoke, Jane Addams’s Hull HousePlessy v. Ferguson, Jim Crow Laws, KKK violence, “scientific theories” of race, Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, Ida B. Wells 7.1.II- The Progressive Era Redefined the Role of the Federal Government(1890-1945)Muckraker attacks on political corruption, social injustice, and economic inequality; middle-and-upper class reformers (i.e. women) in urban centers and with immigrantsNational level: legislation to regulate the economy, expand democracy, and generate moral reform.Preservationist and conservationists calls for different government responses to the overuse of natural resourcesProgressives divided: pro Southern segregation while others ignored it; expanding popular participation through reforms while others advocated for professional and technical experts; disagreements over immigration. Lincoln Steffens, Upton Sinclair, Jacob Riis, Ida Tarbell, Jane Addams, Florence KelleyMeat Inspection Act, Pure Food and Drug Act, Federal Reserve System, Clayton Anti-Trust Act, 18th and 19th AmendmentsJohn Muir (wilderness in natural state) vs. Teddy Roosevelt (“rational use”), national parksNot that ‘progressive’ on racial issues; initiative, referendum, and recall vs. government efficiency through commissioners and managers; helping immigrants or restricted them8.2.I- Civil Rights Movement(1945-1980)During and after World War II, Civil Rights Movement activists and leaders used a variety of tactics to combat racial discriminationRole of the three branches of the federal government in promoting greater racial equalityContinued resistance that slowed efforts at desegregation led to unrest around the country and increased criticism of nonviolence tactics after 1965“Double V,” A. Philip Randolph, MLK, SCLC vs. SNCC, legal challenges, direct action, and non-violent protests, etc.Truman’s desegregation of the armed forces (#9981), Brown v. Bd. of Ed., CRA of ’64 and Voting Rights Act of 1965White resistance (i.e. Little Rock 9, etc.), riots, militant tactics: Malcolm X, Black Panthers, Stokely Carmichael (SNCC), and Black Power8.2.II- Group Identity Movements(1945-1980)Feminists, Gays and Lesbians fought for legal, economic, and social equalityLatinos, American Indians, and Asian-AmericansPoverty as a national problem and the fight for social justiceEnvironmental problems, accidents, and movement led to legislative and public effortsNOW and Women’s Liberation, Gloria Steinem, Stonewall Riots UFW and César Chávez, Alcatraz and Wounded Knee, and Anti-VietnamContinuation of LBJ’s “Great Society” from ‘60sThree-Mile Island, Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, EPA, pollution and natural resources8.2.III- Liberalism (Attacked from the Left and Right)(1945-1980)Anticommunism abroad and government power to achieve social goals at homeLBJ’s “Great Society” against racial discrimination and poverty and Supreme Court decisions on civil rights and libertiesConservative backlash against moral and cultural decline, liberal laws, and court decisions in the 1960s: Desired more assertive foreign policy and limited role of federal governmentArguments from the Left for not doing enough to change racial and economic status and immoral policies abroadDecline in public confidence and trust in government to solve economic and political problems in the 1970sClashes over social and cultural issues, the power of the federal government, race and individual rightsA) Policy of containment, “rule of law” by using federal troops, public housing/projectsB) CRA of ’64, VRA of ’65, Medicare, Head Start, Job Corps; Miranda case, Gideon v. Wainwright, Roe v. Wade, Bakke decision, etc. C) Barry Goldwater, against counterculture and New Left, Anti-Vietnam protests, affirmative action, desegregation, civil rights acts, LBJ’s “Great Society,” gay and lesbian liberation movement, abortion, social issuesD) Anti-Vietnam War protests, Students for a Democratic Society, New Left, Free Speech MovementE) Watergate Scandal, oil crisis, stagflation, Vietnam War, Laos/Cambodia, CIA, Pentagon Papers, Iran Hostage crisisF) ERA for women, Phyllis Schlafly, abortion, affirmative action, homosexuality, school prayer, taxes8.3.II- Postwar Changes: Demographics and Social Developments During the Cold War(1945-1980)Age of Conformity and Affluence during the 1950s was challenged by artists, intellectuals, and rebellious youthGenerational clashes over social, economic and political values between the 1950s and 1960sReligious conservatives growing involvement in political and social activismHomogenous mass culture (i.e. Levittown), Jackson Pollock, Jack Kerouac, Beat Generation, Rock and Roll and Elvis Presley, James Dean Counterculture of 1960s, “sexual revolution” and the pill, Betty Friedan’s Feminine Mystique Evangelical Christians, “the personal is political” strategy and traditional social values9.1.I- Conservatism in the 1980s and Beyond(1980-Present)The “Reagan Revolution” in 1980: significant tax-cuts and deregulation of industriesBacklash against liberal programs considered counterproductive in fighting poverty and stimulating economic growth but they faced opposition (i.e. elderly voters)Free-Trade Agreements, government “social safety net,” and calls to reform the financial system Prop 13 in California, Savings and Loans fiasco, etc.“Reaganomics” or “Trickle-Down”/”Supply-Side” economics, cut back in social services (i.e. Welfare) and reduced role by the government: “Government IS the problem!”NAFTA, Social Security, Medicare/Medicaid, Wall Street regulations, etc. POL-2.0- Explain how popular movements, activist groups, and reform movements have sought change in American society and institutions. 3.1.II- F&I War, the American Independence Movement, and the New Nation(1754-1800)- Parliamentary taxation w/o representation; violation of civil rights and liberties; colonial legacy of political and religious ideas; British military measures; Sources of colonial leaders resistance: rights of Englishmen; individual rights; self-rule; Enlightenment; Roles of Ben Franklin, laborers, artisans, and women; Financial and material support to the Patriot Movement; Advantages of Patriots and British/Loyalists4.1.III- Democratic Ideals and National Culture (Religious and Intellectual Movements to Reform Society)- Voluntary organizations to change individual behaviors and improve society through reforms; Abolitionists and antislavery movements: 1- North- gradual emancipation but restricted rights; 2- South- limited to unsuccessful rebellions; Women’s Rights and the Seneca Falls Convention4.3.II- Westward Expansion and Expansion of Slavery- Trans-Appalachian expansion of slavery due to over-cultivation; Increased antislavery efforts up North; continued Southern defense of slavery; Congressional attempts at political compromise placed “Band-Aids” over the wound created by the institution of slavery5.2.I- Differences Over Slavery Led to Various Responses- Northern opposition to slavery continued, but not just for moral reasons, as manufacturing grew while the South remained dependent on slavery; A minority movement with lots of visibility: moral arguments, helping escaped slaves, and even radical ideas; Arguments defending and supporting slavery6.1.III- Rise of Industrial Capitalism- Improved mechanization increased productivity but lowered prices; Consolidation in Agricultural Markets and Dependence on Railroads Led to Local and Regional Coops; Agrarian Activists and Populists sought government regulations against economic instability6.3.II- The Gilded Age: Political Debates Over Economic and Social Issues- Political legacy of Civil War: debates over tariffs and currency amidst political corruption based on economic greed and self-interest; Women’s continued fight for equality, post-secondary education opportunities, and settlement houses for immigrants (language and culture); African Americans’ continued fight against discrimination and for civil rights after the end of Reconstruction eliminated many political gains and Supreme Court cases upheld segregation7.1.II- The Progressive Era Redefined the Role of the Federal Government- Muckraker attacks on political corruption, social injustice, and economic inequality; middle-and-upper class reformers (i.e. women) in urban centers and with immigrants; National level: legislation to regulate the economy, expand democracy, and generate moral reform; Preservationist and conservationists calls for different government responses to the overuse of natural resources; Progressives divided: pro Southern segregation while others ignored it; expanding popular participation through reforms while others advocated for professional and technical experts; disagreements over immigration. 8.2.I- Civil Rights Movement- During and after World War II, Civil Rights Movement activists and leaders used a variety of tactics to combat racial discrimination; Role of the three branches of the federal government in promoting greater racial equality; Continued resistance that slowed efforts at desegregation led to unrest around the country and increased criticism of nonviolence tactics after 19658.2.II- Group Identity Movements- Feminists, Gays and Lesbians fought for legal, economic, and social equality; Latinos, American Indians, and Asian-Americans; Poverty as a national problem and the fight for social justice; Environmental problems, accidents, and movement led to legislative and public efforts8.2.III- Liberalism (Attacked from the Left and Right)- Anticommunism abroad and government power to achieve social goals at home; LBJ’s “Great Society” against racial discrimination and poverty and Supreme Court decisions on civil rights and liberties; Conservative backlash against moral and cultural decline, liberal laws, and court decisions in the 1960s: Desired more assertive foreign policy and limited role of federal government; Arguments from the Left for not doing enough to change racial and economic status and immoral policies abroad; Decline in public confidence and trust in government to solve economic and political problems in the 1970s; Clashes over social and cultural issues, the power of the federal government, race and individual rights8.3.II- Postwar Changes: Demographics and Social Developments During the Cold War- Age of Conformity and Affluence during the 1950s was challenged by artists, intellectuals, and rebellious youth; Generational clashes over social, economic and political values between the 1950s and 1960s; Religious conservatives growing involvement in political and social activism9.1.1- Conservatism in the 1980s and Beyond- The “Reagan Revolution” in 1980: significant tax-cuts and deregulation of industries; Backlash against liberal programs considered counterproductive in fighting poverty and stimulating economic growth but they faced opposition (i.e. elderly voters); Free-Trade Agreements, government “social safety net,” and calls to reform the financial system ................
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