Need to Know:
Installer - Need to KnowLevel 1 = apprentice, beginnerLevel 2 = journey man, advancedThe professional will understand the general overall site planning and preparation. Be able to ask questions. Have copyies of issued permit documentation. Conventional systems have more flexibility and are generally level 1 competencies unless there are site limitations to be considered. Commercial conventional and Alternative alternative or advanced treatment will require more advanced (level 2) knowledge and consultation with designer. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Reading and understanding a drawingplans/profilesDrawingsTypesVicinity map/site locationSite planProfilesHydraulic profilesCross-section viewsPlan and profile/cross-section detail (Enlargement) viewsBenchmarksOrientationElevationsBoundaries & setbacksScaleContoursNotesGeneral construction notesMaterial specificationsDesigner’s notesGeneral construction notesSpecific equipment installation notesRegulatory requirementsFactory specs/Shop drawings (how the component was built)Equipment specificationsList of materials/equipment/partsDesign calculationsPump curvesBuoyancyComponent sizingManufacturer installation requirements (how the component needs to be installed)BenchmarksElevationsSurveyingEquipmentSurveying techniquesBench pointsGeneral walk-about site to checkcompare the plans against the actual site of siting, design, and soils TopographySetbacksSlopesDrainageSoil typesEtc.Addressing dDesign changes as a result of site walk-aboutInstallerIdentify any changes to original plans, including changing to “equivalent” specificationsUnderstand difference between design change and field changeProvide these identified changes to designer for review and approval (may include regulatory approval)Tank locationLaying out the Equivalent to specificationsDesignerTank sizing-understand bedrooms/fixture counts.Pretreatment sizing (treatment in addition to septic tank) -Level 2Soil treatment location in test areaPlumbing-level 2Flow meter locationFilterUse of pump event counter /timer for flow calculationSite conditions Climatic-proper conditions for installationFrozen soils-wait till thawSoil moisture-not too wetTopography-aware of 15% slopes and setbacks, washes, etcFrozen soils-wait till thawSoil moisture-not too wetUse of septic tank as holding tank until system can be constructed-only with regulatory approvalSystem layoutProblem identification-know your setbacksStakingBlue Stake/private locater SetbacksDrainfield/soil treatment area on the contoursTank accessibilityEquipment accessibility/Ingress-EgressMaintainabilityBlue Stake/private locaterProblem identification (see also I.D.)System installation planmethodsGround pressure/compactionBackhoe bucket widthTravel pathways over the siteWork from upslopeSurface water diversion and erosion control The professional will understand the general best management practices for installation. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Personal Protective EquipmentSite Safety PracticesSite Conditions Proper weather & soil moisture conditions for installationFrozen soils-wait till thawWet soil RainSurface water diversion and erosion controlHazardsTipping of equipmentDamage from rotationCave-in/collapse/shoring protectionUtilities – overhead & undergroundConfined space entry requirementsVerification of functionality of all existing and/or reused componentsProfessional must understand regulations associated with installing. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Local, county, state, federalCurrently adopted plumbing code (note: varies by jurisdiction)Currently adopted electrical code (note: varies by jurisdiction)Understand difference between design change and field changeNeeds for Aas-built drawingsProof of specificationsWatertightnessSand sizeSubstitution equivalencyOSHA safety requirements & complianceProfessional with understand OSHA safety requirements (general)/ competent personUnless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers. Professional will understand installation issues with system components. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Building sewer specifications (NOTE:- level 2 but level 1 should know where to find applicable plumbing code)Pipe specificationsDepthSlope (with and without solids)FreezingCleanoutsSub-base density (no settling/bellies)Cleaning, priming, and gluing jointsSeptic TankGeneral tank protections-don’t drive over, installation requirements, leak testing procedureLocation (setbacks)Setting and securing a tank in high-water table areas Dimension/capacity checkVerification if existing tank is used-level 2BafflingTypesMaterialsFastenersDimensionsSealing between joints, inlet and outlet pipes, penetrations, riser jointsConstructing pour-in-place tanks (NOTE: -level 2)Design (dimensions, strength, etc.)Concrete typeRe-bar requirementsClimatic conditionsTesting watertightnessMax depth of manhole 6”“Securing” manhole coversManhole warning labelBeddingBackfilling (crowning)Pipes entering and exiting tank (ensure proper compaction to prevent shearing)TankCrowning over tankAccess openingsElevationAt grade6” below grade with surface markerInspection manhole locations, sSecurityInsulating tanksAge of tank check- see O & MDistribution SystemSupply pipesMaterialsSizeSlopeSub- base requirementsBedding, leveling, backfilling, compactionFreezing (w/distribution pipes)Cleaning, priming, and gluing jointsGravity DistributionManifoldsWhy manifolds are a bad decision and NOT a Best PracticeProblems with adjusting level once installedDistribution BoxesPlacementLevel slope in and out of boxPipes entering and exiting d-box needs to be supportedPrevention of sSettlingCleaning, priming, and gluing jointsSealing lidInsuring even distribution of flowMaintenance/accessibilityAt grade6” below grade with surface markerDrop BoxesElevation Box specsProper slope of pipes in and out of boxHole configurationSub- base requirementsPipes entering and exiting d-box needs to be supportedSoil cover requirementsTesting flow6019806159400Pressure Distribution (NOTE: -Level 2)Manifold requirements (changing pipe sizing)PumpTypesWiring/electrical/conduitPipe installationCheck valves/drainbackTesting FloatsTypesSettingTestingChoosing a pumpWiring/electricalMust be done by a licensed electricianAlarm Types/wiringEvent counterDistribution pPipesuitable tTypesHhole drilling and bur removalCleaning, priming, and gluing jointsLevelingBedding of pipingMethodsMaterialsManifold constructionPressure relief valvesDistribution valvesDiaphragmRatchetingTesting distal pressureHeadworksFlush valvePressure gaugeScreens & filtersPressure regulatorPressure relief valvesAutomatic valves (solenoid-operated)Control panelTypesAnalogDigitalWiringSettingTestingCommunications/telemetryFactory documentsAppurtenancesEvent countersTypesWiringSettingTestingTimersTypesWiringSettingTestingAlarms Types (audio and/or visual)WiringSettingTestingCommunications/telemetry (radio or phone (cell or hard line))Other Pretreatment TechnologiesMedia filtersTextile filtersPeat filtersSand filtersOtherAerobic treatment unitsConstructed wetlandsET beds (not really treatment)Soil Treatment SystemPrinciplesExcavationKeep the installation dryPlastic limit (how to do it, where to take it)Exposure to rainfallWeather-related issuesKeep the installation naturalAvoid eEquipment in excavation (traffic, weight, bucket)Avoid sSmearingAvoid dDriving or walking on surface bottom (beds)Consider proximity to natural vegetation (future root issues)Keep the installation levelKeep the installation shallowMedia for filling trenches and beds (and OMG seepage pits)(needs expansion here to address differences between MN and AZ terminology/technology)Different types/, different products for distribution within trench/bed (installation advantages, disadvantages)RockPlacement of rock (compaction while placing)Geotextile SpecsPlacement Material check for correct product specification, size, durability, and cleanliness of rock.CinderOther (i.e., ground glass, recycled concrete, etc.)Graveless technologiesChamberOtherBackfill, see Section LMaterial check for correct product specification, size, durability and cleanliness of rock.In-ground Ssystems (location of infiltrative surface)TypesTrenches, beds, seepages pitsEngineered padsDrip distributionSurface preparationSoil moistureEquipmentMedia placementInspection pipesInstallation issues for in-ground systemsBackfill, see Section LTesting pressure at distal pointsAt-Grade sSystems - Level 2 (location of infiltrative system)TypesSurface preparationSoil moistureEquipmentMedia placementInspection pipesBackfill, see Section LTesting procedures for any system that uses a linerInstallation issues for at-grade systems(Stopped 12-12-17)Mound Systems - Level 2Surface preparationSoil moistureEquipmentSandSpecTestingPlacementMinimum depthEquipmentDistribution media placementPressure distribution within mound – see Section EDraindown (particularly for freezing conditions)Inspection pipesBackfill (is this section needed)Protocols Types- (what does this mean?) Different types of soils require different protocolsManufacturer’s recommendationsQuantities generatedrequiredResponsible methods for dealing with excess soil from installations -level 2 unless cap or berm Topsoil - lLevel 2QualityQuantifyQuantities requiredCompactionPlacement with minimal compactionAccount for settlingLandscaping. Communication between owner, landscaper, and installer for protection of systemWho is responsibleVegetation establishment requirement Seeding/sod recommendationProper vegetation selectionConsider rooting depths and widthsConsider irrigation needsConsider maintenance needsFrost and erosion protection the first yearProfessional will understand the installation inspection requirements. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Check local ordinances/standard operating procedures for notification requirements for inspectionsTypesDesigner inspectionsLocal jurisdiction inspectionsPreparation of as-built drawingsAs-built requirementsWho is responsible to see if it happensfor various inspectionsFinal (demonstrating that all the pieces work)ContractorDesignerLocal jurisdictionCheck local ordinances for notification requirements for an inspectionDesignated registered professional needs to be on site during construction-level 2 Preparation of as-built drawingsAs-built requirementsProfessional will understand proper tank and soil treatment system abandonment. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Procedure and requirementsTankSoil treatment systemProfessional will understand general information which is useful to homeowners. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Keep inAppropriate vegetation, See Section IV.NnDo not drive or build on itWinter time precautionsAs-built drawings given to themWater useSuitable and unsuitable discharges to systemTank maintenanceOverall system maintenance - Llevel 1 conventional, Level 2 Alternative or advancedSeptic tankOther tanksSoil treatment systemPumping system – Level 2Alarm system - Llevel 2Do not damage/use reserve areasecond site Do not locate irrigation over septic systemOwner’s manual with care and maintenance proceduresProfessional must have general math skills. Unless otherwise noted this section is all required for level 1 installers.Add, subtract, multiply, and divideUnit conversionBasic math/algebra/geometrySlopeUnit conversionAreaVolumeFlow rates, daily design flowAdvanced math/algebra/geometryFlow rates, pumping – Level 2Total dynamic head – Level 2Static headElevation changesPressure headFriction lossesPipe diameterFlow rateBasic algebra/geometryGraphing (pump curves) –- Level 2Place HoldersUse of septic tank as holding tank until system can be constructed-only with regulatory approval ................
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