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5381625-22860000Reading Strategies Study GuideTest – Thursday April 30th This packet is due Wednesday April 29th -On this test you will be reading passages and using the reading strategies below to answer questions.-This test will cover the following:Reading Strategies (most questions):*Predictions*Inferences and Drawing Conclusions*Compare and Contrast*Cause and Effect*Text Structures *Reference SourcesReview Topics (a few questions):figurative language, setting, characterization, context clues-Since the test is on different types of Reading Strategies, the best way to study for the test is to READ and practice the strategies!-The test will have interactive questions. Be prepared to drag and drop answers into graphic organizers AND if a questions says “click on the correct answers” there is two OR more answers!WHAT TO STUDY: *Study Island is an excellent study tool!-go to -Username: first name. last name- Robert.Simpson-Password: student ID/lunch #-Click on 6th grade-Click on Reading-Pick a topic (the Reading Strategies listed above)*This study guide!*All reading strategies pages in your reader notebookcentercenterTextual StructuresRead the passages and choose the correct graphic organizer and organizational pattern. Highlight the signal words you can find. Use the passages to fill in the corresponding graphic organizers.When I got home from school after a long boring day, I took out the peanut butter, jelly, and bread. After taking the lid off of the jars, I spread the peanut butter on one side of the bread and the jelly on the other, and then I put the two pieces of bread together. After that, I enjoyed it a while watching “Cake Boss” on the TV. I swear, that was the best peanut butter and jelly sandwich I ever ate.Graphic organizer #______________ Organizational Pattern___________________________________________The Tyrannosaurus Rex was bipedal, meaning it moved around on two legs and the Tyrannosaurus had pretty big feet. He’s feet were so big, in fact, that a recently discovered foot print was found to around 30 inches long – that’s 2 ? feet! On top of his feet were powerful, flexible legs that may have enabled speeds of 25 to 45 miles per hour. The Tyrannosaurus stood about 13 feet tall at the hips. Above that are his arms, which were relatively weak and small, compared to the rest of his body; they were only about 3 feet long! Then there are the Tyrannosaurus’ enormous and powerful jaws. The largest Tyrannosaurus tooth was 12 inches long. The Tyrannosaurus Rex was a ferocious killing machine.Graphic organizer #______________Organizational Pattern___________________________________________The dodo bird used to roam in large flocks across America.? Interestingly, the dodo wasn’t startled by gun shot.? Because of this, frontiersmen would kill entire flocks in one sitting.? Consequently, unable to sustain these attacks, the dodo was hunted to extinction.Graphic organizer #______________Organizational Pattern___________________________________________Having good attendance is important because attendance determines the school’s funding. The issue is that some students have poor attendance, and the school has tried many ways of addressing this: teachers have talked to parents on the phone and the school has mailed letters. Yet, some students still maintain poor attendance. Next, the staff will attempt to schedule parent/teacher/administrator conferences with students who are habitually absent. Hopefully, this will help more students get to school today.Graphic organizer #______________Organizational Pattern___________________________________________Karla and Nhi are twins. They are in the first grade. They both have short, brown hair and green eyes, but they are also very different. Karla likes to play softball and soccer. She likes to wear her hair braided when she goes out to play. She wears sporty clothes. Recess is her favorite part of school. Nhi likes to read books and paint pictures. Every day she wears a ribbon in her hair to match her dress. Her favorite thing about school is going to the library. She wants to be a teacher someday.Graphic organizer #______________Organizational Pattern___________________________________________Use the passages from the page before to fill in the matching graphic organizers.1.2.3.SolutionProblem4. 5.12192005016500 PREDICTIONS *Predictions are “smart” guesses.*You can Predict what might happen in a story or article that you read*Go back and reread the story to help you make more accurate predictions!5301615000TIPS FOR MAKING PREDICTIONS: Look for words that you already know. Use visuals, photos, headings, and/or titles to help.Think how you might feel if the same thing that happened in the story happened to youThink what you might do if you were the character or author.Making PredictionsMarie is getting herself some soda.? She begins to pour the soda and her hand slips.? Her soda is all over the floor.? Marie knows her mom will not be happy if she sees the mess.? What do you think Marie will do next? __________________________________________What will Marie most likely do in the future? Circle the correct answer. Set the glass on a table before pouring Only drink sodas outsideBlame it on her younger brother Never drink soda againJohn can't find his mother in the store. He looks all around the store and soon he starts to cry. The lady from the store asks John what is wrong. What do you think John will do next? ___________________________________________Complete the following cause and effect graphic using the paragraph above. There is a small mouse creeping out of his hole. As he slowly walks out he sees a cat. The cat is ready to jump on the mouse. What do you think the mouse will do next? ______________________________________3820795-61722000CAUSE & EFFECT*A CAUSE is why something happens.*An EFFECT is what happens because of that cause.*CAUSE & EFFECT helps you understand how events in a story are connected and why a character acts in a certain way.*Look for Clue Words: BECAUSE, SINCE, SO, and AS A RESULT OFTHINK ABOUT:Does the passage tell you WHY something happens?Does this event CAUSE something else to happen?Is the character doing this BECAUSE of something that happened?EXAMPLE:Many years ago, a group of people called the Huns attacked China. The Huns wanted to conquer the Chinese. Because the Chinese wanted to protect themselves, they built a huge wall. This wall was 1,500 miles long. As a result of this wall, the Huns were kept out of China. This Great Wall of China is still standing today.5129530-317500Think: “What happened?” (This is the EFFECT)Answer: _____________________________________Think: “Why did they build the wall?” (This is the CAUSE)Answer: _____________________________________Watch Television on School Nights!I am tired of hearing all the bad and dangerous things about watching television. For a couple of generations, it has been debated whether or not students should be allowed to watch television during the week. I am here to loudly say “YES.” Television is not the enemy; old ideas are!With a little bit of careful thinking, any parent will realize that watching television after school is a way for students to relax and unwind. Students’ lives are more demanding today than the lives of past generations. Not only are we getting more homework, but also, our after school time is over-scheduled. Beside homework clubs, after-school tutoring, and lessons, we play sports, practice music, dancing and art. When we do get home, we are tired. Most, if not all, of our homework is done, and all we want to do is settle down in front of the television and give our brains a rest.Parents, do you remember what television was like in the old days? There were only a few channel choices, and most of the programs were silly. Today, the average household has over one hundred channels. In one hour, you can learn about ancient Egypt, the planets in other solar systems, and the latest dinosaur find. Many parents think that learning has stopped once teenagers are on the couch watching television. The opposite is true! The real education is starting. T.V. viewers are seeing and hearing about things that most school programs never touch.Lastly, in the old days, parents saw television as something separate from their children’s homework duties. Today’s smart students use television as a means to support their homework efforts. Many students have learned in Study Skills classes to use television watching as a reward for finishing all of our homework. We will only watch television when we have pre-planned, at the beginning of our homework session, to do so after we have completed all of our nightly homework tasks. Therefore, television does not keep us from our work, it encourages us finish it.So, I want to end with the advice that parents should allow their kids to watch television on school nights. It allows children to unwind after a hard day, which will let their brains work better for the next day. Watching television is educational and will show them more things than a book can. Good students will use television watching as a way to encourage them to do homework and not to avoid it. So watch television, kids, it is your friend!According to this article, complete the cause and effect graphic organizer:CauseWatching T.V.EffectEffectEffectNo T.V. on School Nights!While many kids want to watch T.V. on school nights, I argue that it is a harmful habit. As a former weeknight T.V. watcher, I can say since I stopped watching T.V., my grades have gone up, I am healthier, and I sleep better. Banning school night T.V. can help many kids be more successful.Although many kids believe that T.V. is helpful to their learning, I feel it is a distraction. For several years, my parents allowed me to watch T.V. on school nights. I would rush home, grab a snack, and turn on the T.V. I watched it from 4 PM until 10 PM every evening. I was so hooked to the programs that I would not stop to do my homework. Since I stayed up so late, I could barely get up in the morning to do my assignments. To make matters worse, because I did not complete my homework and arrived to class unprepared, I started to get bad grades. These bad grades caused me to make a change in my life. It has been a year since I have turned off the T.V. during the week. I am more alert after school and ready to do my homework. I wake up refreshed and prepared for the day’s lessons. I went from getting “C’s” to getting “B’s” and “A’s” on all my assignments!Another reason that the TV needs to be turned off on school nights is that it can make you unhealthy. Kids wind up coming home, plopping down in front of the tube, and snacking. When you watch TV, you are distracted from what you are doing. When I was a school night TV watcher, I would open a whole bag of chips and eat all of it. The T.V. distracted me so much from the amount of food I was eating. Soon I gained weight and was sluggish. Once I stopped watching T.V., I had more energy. I also had more time to think about the portions of food I was eating. I finished my homework in time to do additional activities, such as go to kickboxing class or shoot some hoops. By being aware of the amount of exercise and the food I ate, I felt better, lost weight, and was energized for the school day.Finally, kids should not be allowed to watch T.V. on school nights because it keeps them up late. Kids are lured into the mindless watching of one program and the next. Before they know it, it is way past their bedtimes. Yet, when they finally get in the bed, they are restless. All the visual stimulation from the T.V. screen prevents them from falling asleep. I used to toss and turn in my bed for hours. I would finally doze off only to be awoken a short time later by my alarm. Once I turned the T.V. off on school nights, I slept better and was refreshed the next day. Parents, please encourage your kids to turn off the T.V. on weeknights. It makes them fat, do poorly in school, and lose sleep. So, I say to kids, turn off that T.V. and start living!According to this article, complete the cause and effect graphic organizer:CauseWatching T.V.EffectEffectEffectCompare and contrast these articles using the Venn Diagram:WORD BANKStudents’ lives are more demanding.Watching T.V. is harmful.T.V. time gives brains a break.The topic is T.V. watching among teenagers.Some T.V. shows are educational.T.V. viewing causes unhealthy habits to develop.T.V. reduces the amount of sleep.T.V. can be used as a reward that motivates students.Constant T.V. watching makes it difficult to be successful in school.Kids Should Be Able to Watch T.V.No T.V. on School Nights38100-13335000COMPARE & CONTRAST* COMPARE - shows how things are ALIKE* CONTRAST – shows how things are DIFFERENT*Look for signal words that show when the author is using a compare and contrast paring WordsContrasting WordsAlsoAs compared (to) withBothCommonFurtherIn additionIn the same wayLikewiseSame asSimilar toSimilarlyTooAlthoughAs opposed toButContrastConverselyDifferenceDifferent fromHoweverIn spite ofInstead ofOn the other handOpposite ofRatherUnlikeWhileTIPS FOR COMPARING & CONTRASTING When comparing look to see what both items have in COMMONOnce you find similarities, look to see how the items are DIFFERENTUse a graphic organizer (Venn Diagram) when comparing and contrasting to get a visual picture of how two subjects relate to each other1845945173990004338955-76644500DRAWING INFERENCES and CONCLUSIONS*Inferences are evidence-based guesses*Conclusions are conclusions a reader draws about the unsaid based on what is actually said.Tips for Drawing Inferences Make sure your inferences rely mainly on the author’s words rather than your own feelings or experience. Your goal is to read the author’s mind, NOT invent your own message!Check to see if your inference is contradicted (proven wrong) by any statements in the paragraph. If so, then it’s not a good inference.If the passage is a difficult one, check to see if you can actually identify the statements that led you to your conclusion.45402503619500Look for clues in the story like a detective. KIS Strategy for InferencesUnderline KEY words Make INFERENCE based on key wordsUse background knowledge to SUPPORT your answersEXAMPLES If your mom tells you to put your rain coat on before leaving the house, you can infer ___________________________________________. He is known as the president with the beard and the black top hat who led us through the Civil War. ___________________________________Making Inferences and Drawing ConclusionsAdam had on a special suit and helmet. He had to wear them in order to maintain his safety. His coworker made sure Adam’s air tank was full. Adam went out carefully. He bounced because he felt so light. He picked up some rocks. He checked out a crater. Adam carefully bounced back to the ship. He caught a glimpse of Earth. Even so far away, it looked gorgeous. 54209951392555Highlight at least 5 KEY words. Make an Inference: Why did Earth look far away? Adam was looking at a picture in a book.Adam was high on a mountain. Adam was in outer space. Adam needed glasses. Bridget mailed the invitation to her party. A week later, no one had responded. When Bridget’s mom asked if she had any stamps left over, Bridget knew what happened. Highlight at least 3 KEY words.56788054114800 Make an inference: Why didn’t anyone respond to the invitations?Bridget forgot to seal the envelopes. Bridget forgot to put stamps on the envelopes. Bridget put the wrong addresses on the envelopes. Bridget never mailed the invitations. Cathy was going to summer camp for the first time. She was worried her clothes would get mixed up with her roommate’s clothes. “No problem,” her mom said. “I’ve got a plan for that.” Highlight at least 3 KEY words. 50647606951980Make an inference: What does Cathy’s mom plan to do?Write a mean note to warn Cathy’s roommate. Buy only red clothes. Label the clothes. Lock them in a suitcase. What’s the secret of a winning cyclist? Skill, daring, and good preparation do make a difference, of course, but another answer is technology. Since bicycle races are often very close, riders need every advantage they can get. For instance, a racer might wear a suit designed so that it has no creases or winkles to affect the airflow. Special racing shoes are covered with a seamless silver fabric for the same reason. Aerodynamic brakes and a bike frame made to cut through the air effectively are also part of a racer’s equipment. From this paragraph you can conclude that… 52533551476375Cyclists like to look good when racing Many riders wear the wrong kind of clothing Air resistance affects a rider’s speed Some riders don’t spend enough time training From the paragraph you cannot tell… What materials are used in marking racing bikes That riders need every advantage they can get That bicycle races are often very closeThat riders must have skill to win a raceThe best resource for information about bicycle races and its history would be-A book on bikes An almanacAn encyclopedia An atlas In the final sentence, aerodynamic means- Movement of items through air Light Movement of people through wind Parts of a bike Long ago, there were no clocks or watches. People had to figure out ways to mark the passing of time. In about 870 A.D., King Alfred of England invented a candle clock. He used candles that were 12 inches long and marked them off in equal sections. To keep air drafts from affecting how the candle burned, he created a lantern to fit over the candle. People could then measure time by noting how long a section of the candle took to burn. The problem with candle clocks? They kept burning up! The candles most likely had lanterns because- They looked niceRooms in 870 A.D. were probably drafty The light was probably too bright It displayed the time on the lantern Place a check mark in the correct box to show whether each statement is a fact of an inference. Fact Inference King Alfred of England invented the candle clock.People had to keep replacing the candles. The candle clock had a lantern over it. MIXED PRACTICE! Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Why did the cleaner think Mother was trying to ruin him? (inference) Because she kept calling and complaining Because the smell was so strong it might bother customers Because he loved owls and was offended Because he wanted to bottle and sell the perfume Which of the following sentences best describes the family’s reaction to Wol’s arrival with the skunk? (inference) They were thrilled They were angry with Wol. They thought it was funny They were surprised Which of the following explains why the family was unable to use the dining room for two weeks? (inference, cause/effect) Wol’s supper was still lying there. The room still smelled of skunkIt was too hot to eat in there Mother wanted to wait for the rug and drapes Which of the following is most likely the reason that Wol never brought a skunk home again? (Cause and effect) He didn’t want the neighbors to get mad at him He decided to bring home squirrels instead He didn’t want another tomato juice bath He didn’t want to mess up the house What kind of figurative language is used in paragraph B?Simile Metaphor Onomatopoeia Hyperbole Which statements from the passage give clues to the settings? Circle the correct answers. The dining room windows were open because it had been such a hot day. His feelings must have been hurt by the way everyone was avoiding him. After two or three days, when even I couldn’t wouldn’t go near himBut he got the idea, and he never brought his skunks home again.MIXED PRACTICE! Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.centercenter00Why do you think Tameeka “allowed” A.J. to play with her? (inference) She always played with her brother She needed an actor for the play She didn’t have anything better to do. She liked A.J.’s ideas What caused A.J. to race back to the picnic bench? (Cause and effect)He thought his sister was going to let him participate He was scared he might get in troubleHe didn’t want to get sprayed with the water He wanted to get sprayed with the waterWhich word in paragraph D signals the author’s organizational pattern? Then Yard Amused By What does A.J.’s reaction to being in his sister’s play tell you about how he is feeling? (inference) He is afraid of his sister and will do whatever she wants. He is excited about being part of the play He is angry and has his own plan to trick his sister He’s not sure if he wants to be part of his sister’s play Compare Tameeka’s opinion of the day at the beginning of the story to her opinion at the end. In the beginning, she was really bored and at the end she was still bored. In the beginning, she was really bored and at the end she wasn’t bored. In the beginning, she thought her brother was annoying and in the end she still thought he was still annoying. In the beginning, she thought her brother wasn’t annoying and in the end she thought he was annoying. Circle the words and sentences from the passage that best describe Tameeka’s relationship with A.J. Annoyed I did not take kindly to insult. SupportiveNormally, I didn’t allow my brother to step one foot near meFragile Then he picked himself up and began cartwheeling around the yard4ProblemDress Like an Egyptian573278067735451 Early Egyptians dressed according to their wealth and their roles in society. Those who did common work wore what was practical, and those who were rich wore what was beautiful. 2The clothing of servants and laborers was simple and inexpensive. It was usually white in color and rough in quality. Not only was it cheaper, but it was easier to work in. Men wore a cloth like a Scottish kilt. Women wore long skirts with plain shawls or dresses without sleeves, and no jewelry. Children often wore nothing at all. Even their scalps were bare because they were shaved to prevent lice. 3 Wealthy people dressed differently. They wore colorful clothing, though fabric dye was expensive (the vibrant colors, such as gold and yellow were especially costly). They could afford delicate linens of fine quality (so fine that some were as transparent as a screened window). The rich sometimes wore pleated and loosely flowing robes that would have ruled out hard work. The rich also wore wigs, eye makeup, perfume, and jewelry. Even children wore jewels around their neck. 4 Yes, the dress of the poor was practical for labor while the decorations of the rich were not. However, these rich decorations did serve at least two purposes. They made the wearer feel beautiful. They also reminded the working-class Egyptians of the rank and majesty of those who were wealthyWhy do you think the lower class wore mostly white clothing? White was a symbol of innocence.Colored cloth was not permitted. Rough cloth came in white only. Fabric dyes were too expensive. The very wealthy Egyptians dressed splendidly for several reasons. Which of the following was NOT a reason for their style of dress? It made them feel beautiful. It showed their majesty. They could buy it cheaply. They did not have to work hard. Why might it have been difficult for a servant to work in clothing like that of the wealthy?They might be too worried about how they looked. They might get the clothes caught and ruin them or hurt themselves. They might spend all their earnings on clothes. They might fight over the fashion. Why would the pharaoh dress even more elaborately than the wealthy? He knew all the designers. He would want to the wealthy to copy his clothing. He would want to set himself apart and be respected. He changed his clothes often.Which paragraph answers the following questions? Fill in the paragraph number. SentenceParagraphHow did the wealthy dress?How did the poor dress?How did the wealthy feel when wearing these clothes? ................
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