2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————



——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 13 (Semis). Related Tossup/Bonus

01 The forces that declared this site an independent nation accused Dick Wilson of oppression of dissenters and corruption. Demands for review of an 1868 treaty went unheeded; ultimately the FBI reclaimed the Pine Ridge Reservation in what locals call the “Reign of Terror.” For 10 points—name this South Dakota site seized by the Oglala Sioux Civil Rights Organization and the American Indian Movement in 1973, the location of an 1890 massacre.

ANSWER: Wounded Knee

01 BONUS. In addition to actions against AIM in the 1970s, the FBI has been criticized for aiding anti-communist actions in the 1950s. Name these people involved, 10 points each.

[10] This Wisconsin Senator’s mission to ferret out communists in government employment began in 1950, when he told the Women’s Republican Club of Wheeling, West Virginia that he had a list of 205 communists with government connections.

ANSWER: Joseph Raymond McCarthy

[10] McCarthy’s hearings ended shortly after this chief attorney for the Army asked if McCarthy had “no sense of decency.”

ANSWER: Joseph N. Welch

02 Identified with a spare, dimly-lit type of staging, its origins lie in a failed project for a building to be designed by Gottfried Semper. Instead, it is now associated with the Festspielhaus, which opened in 1876 with three cycles of The Ring. For 10 points—name this musical festival sometimes called a testament to the ego of Richard Wagner.

ANSWER: Bayreuth [bay-ROIT] Festival or Bayreuth Festspiel or Richard Wagner Festival

02 BONUS. Answer these questions about Bayreuth, 10 points each.

[10] Bayreuth is located in what German state, whose capital is Munich?

ANSWER: Bavaria or Bayern

[10] Which ruler’s designs on becoming margrave of Bayreuth led to the War of the Bavarian Succession? Hint: he also fought the War of Austrian Succession to gain Silesia.

ANSWER: Frederick the Great or Frederick II or Friedrich der Grosse or Friedrich II

03 Working titles for this TV show, which premièred in 1963, included Beyond Control and Please Stand By. Resurrected by Showtime in 1995—for 10 points—name this sci-fi anthology perhaps best known for its opening spiel, which begins “There is nothing wrong with your television.”

ANSWER: The Outer Limits

03 BONUS. Yep, you guessed it. Calculate the following limits, 10 points each. You have 15 seconds per part.

[10] The limit of (x2 - 9)/(x - 3) as x approaches 3.

ANSWER: 6 [The above function equals x + 3; x = 3 is a discontinuity, but the limit still exists.]

[10] The limit of tan x/(x - π/2) as x approaches π/2.

ANSWER: no limit [do not accept “zero”; l’Hôpital’s rule cannot be used for infinity/0]

04 He raided Valparaiso, Tarapacá, and Arica, and he captured a ship somewhere between Callao and Panama. He then went in search of the Northwest Passage, but gave up and decided to circumnavigate the globe. For 10 points—name this man who claimed San Francisco Bay for Queen Elizabeth and England.

ANSWER: Francis Drake

04 BONUS. A drake is another name for a dragon. Answer the following about dragons in mythology, 10 points each.

[10] After slaying a dragon, this Greek hero was told by Athena to sow the dragon's teeth. The resulting men helped him to found the city of Thebes.

ANSWER: Cadmus

[10] Along with a dragon, these daughters of the Titan Atlas guarded Hera's tree of golden apples.

ANSWER: Hesperides

05 With chemical formula C21H30O2, this compound, used to treat prostate cancer, is released by implanted contraceptive devices such as Norplant. Formed in the placenta, most of it is produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary, which secretes it during menstruation. For 10 points—name this hormone which counteracts the effects of estrogen, and prepares the uterus for implantation.

ANSWER: progesterone

05 BONUS. Criminal defendants who don’t have access to an attorney may represent themselves pro se, but defendants in state felony trials are entitled to state-provided representation. 10 points each.

[10] What 1962 Supreme Court case arising from a break-in at a Florida pool hall saw the Court establish a right to state-funded counsel in all felony trials?

ANSWER: Gideon v. Wainwright

[10] Gideon v. Wainwright overturned this 1942 case arising from a Maryland robbery conviction, which declined to extend a right to counsel in all felony cases to the state level.

ANSWER: Betts v. Brady

06 Neighbors of this country objected to the formation of the Kajaki reservoir on its longest river, the Helmand. It has a short border with a much larger country on the northeast due to the Vakhan, a panhandle into the Pamir Mountains. For 10 points—name this landlocked country which is connected to Pakistan via the Khyber Pass, home to the cities of Kandahar and Kabul.

ANSWER: Islamic State of Afghanistan [or Dowlat-e Eslâm_-ye Afghânestân]

06 BONUS. In March 2001, the military group which controls Afghanistan destroyed two 1500-year-old Buddha statues with rocket launchers and other weapons. For 10 points each, name this group, and the city in which the statues were located.

ANSWER: Taliban and Bamiyan

07 In the federal budget, those for transportation and bank deposit insurance are financed by user charges. The law requires they be accounted for separately and used for specified purposes. For 10 points—name these budget components, examples of which include those for Medicare, unemployment insurance, civil service, military retirement, and, much in the news in the last few years, Social Security.

ANSWER: trust funds

07 BONUS. A Training Trust Fund worth 13 million Canadian dollars was established to train Inuits for new government jobs. 10 points each.

[10] In what territory, created in April 1999, was this fund established?

ANSWER: Nunavut

[10] Nunavut includes this island whose Cape Columbia is the northernmost point in North America.

ANSWER: Ellesmere Island

08 In truth, this work is very much a compilation of the works of others, such as Theaetetus, Eudoxus, and Hippocrities of Chois. In fact, the last two of its thirteen books are probably not the work of its attributed author. For 10 points—name this work covering irrational numbers, number theory, and plane geometry, by Euclid.

ANSWER: Elements or Stoicheia [HN: the work did not make famous the letters “QED”]

08 BONUS. Name these chemical elements, 10 points each.

[10] The 232 isotope of this element is the first step in the radioactive decay series that ends in lead-208. Bombarding that isotope with neutrons yields uranium-233.

ANSWER: Thorium

[10] When an atom of this element combines with three hydrogen atoms, it forms an exception to the octet rule. Located above aluminum on the periodic table, this semimetallic element chemically acts more like carbon.

ANSWER: Boron

09 This battle followed a victory at Saint-Mihiel. From October 4 to 16, the US First Army crossed the Aire River and captured German defensive positions. The Allies intended to capture the chief German supply line while attacking the Hindeberg Line. For 10 points—name this fall 1918 World War I battle, which led Germany to seek an armistice, which was fought in a French forest.

ANSWER: Battle of Argonne or the Meuse-Argonne offensive

09 BONUS. Forests are the settings for battles and Shakespearean plays. 10 points each.

[10] As You Like It is set in this forest.

ANSWER: Forest of Arden

[10] In Macbeth, the troops cut branches from the trees of these forest to hide their advance on Macbeth, fulfilling a prophecy.

ANSWER: Birnam Wood or the Forest of Birnam

10 Obtained from trees in the genus Boswellia found in Somalia and Oman, amongst other places, it is an aromatic gum that exudes a milk-like juice which hardens on contact with air. Pliny the Elder recommended it as an antidote for hemlock, and Avicenna thought it a cure-all. Best known for its use in religious ceremonies, starting with the ancient Egyptians—for 10 points—name this substance, one of a set of three famous gifts.

ANSWER: frankincense

10 BONUS. Answer the related questions, 10 points each.

[10] Along with Senator John McCain of Arizona, this Wisconsin Democrat is the leading supporter of campaign finance reform in the Senate.

ANSWER: Russell Feingold

[10] This class of molecules consists of chains of two or more different submolecules, known as repeat units. The block variety alternates segments of several different molecules.

ANSWER: co-polymers [prompt on polymer]

Allow substitutions if any. THEN distribute handout with Category Quiz topics, as you read the categories:

American Literature: The Name’s the Same

Biological Science: Jawbreakers

Current Events: This is Ohio

Entertainment & Sports: Top of His Game

Fine Arts: Amen

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: More than a Farm Boy

General Knowledge & Trivia: Miss France

Geography: Not So Big

Mathematics: Straight Lines and Curves [note: calculus]

World Literature: ‘Tis Pity He’s a Bore

——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 13. Category Quiz Tossups

11 This enzyme exists in two forms: Type I cuts the phosphodiester chain at one site in preparation for repairs. Type II cuts the chain at two sites, allowing free rotation of the helix. FTP, identify this enzyme which facilitates the activity of DNA polsymerase.

ANSWER: topoisomerase

12 This poet wrote Amoretti as a companion piece to a more famous lyric poem, Epithalamion. John Singleton Copley's only allegorical painting, The Red-Crosse Knight, is based on a scene from one of his works, whose characters also include the female knight Britomart. For ten points, a stanza of eight iambic pentameter lines and an alexandrine with rhyme scheme ababbcbcc is named for what poet of The Fairie Queen?

ANSWER: Edmund Spenser

13 The site is presently bounded on the south by US-24, on the east by US-23. The American forces camped near Waterville, Ohio, on the Maumee River. The opposing confederation was weakened by infighting and a two-day fast. FTP, name this 1794 battle won by a force under Mad Anthony Wayne, which led to the Treaty of Greenville.

ANSWER: Battle of Fallen Timbers

14 His story is one of the seven remaining plays by Aeschylus, while another version of his story was told by Milton. He fell out of favor with Zeus and was punished by being chained alive to a rock while eagles ate out his liver. FTP, name this man who was condemned for giving fire to humans.

ANSWER: Prometheus

15 To override it requires that the overriding law pass a three-part test: that the law not discriminate against another state, that the substance of the law must not be one that requires national or uniform regulation, and that the interests of the state outweigh those of the federal government. FTP, give the name for this passage of the US constitution, article I, section 8, that reserves to the federal government the power to regulate interstate trade.

ANSWER: commerce clause

16 There is some debate as to whether or not it includes Maffei I and Maffei II. Among its approximately 30 components are Fornax, Sculptor, Wolf-Lundmark, and the Triangulum Spiral. Among its largest members are Nebecula Major and Minor, also known as the Clouds of Magellan. For ten points, name this galactic cluster which also includes Andromeda and the Milky Way.

ANSWER: Local Group

17 It caused potatoes and maize to become staple crops in Europe, yet killed off at least a fourth of the population of Finland, due to famine. Its greatest effects were felt in 1674 and 1675 and 1694 and 1695. For ten points, name this approximately century long era, beginning in the 1590s, which saw European temperatures drop.

ANSWER: Little Ice Age

18 Perhaps the most famous member of this house was Phillip II Augustus, whose family helped suppress the Albigensians. FTP, name this royal house which supplanted the Carolingians under its namesake founder, Hugh.

ANSWER: Capetians

——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 13. The Category Quiz

American Literature: The Name’s the Same

One is the wealthiest man in the world; the other is a pacifist, and the younger sister of a sadist. For 15 points—give the common first name of these creations of Robert Heinlein and Orson Scott Card.

ANSWER: Valentine [Michael Smith and Wiggin, respectively]

Biological Science: Jawbreakers

Pain here is often exacerbated by unconscious grinding of the teeth during sleep. For 15 points—name this joint, where the lower jaw connects to the rest of the skull.

ANSWER: TMJ or TemporoMandibular Joint

Current Events: This is Ohio

In the wake of looting and protests following this man’s death, Mayor Charles Luken asked the nation to “pray for Cincinnati,” and imposed a three-day curfew. For 15 points—name the unarmed 19-year-old whose death led to charges against Cincinnati policeman Stephen Roach.

ANSWER: Timothy Thomas

Entertainment & Sports: Top of His Game

He is the only man alive to have won gold medals in five consecutive Olympics. For 15 points—name this 38-year-old diabetic British rower.

ANSWER: Steve Redgrave

Fine Arts: Amen

This composer’s works include the oratorio King David and the purely symphonic Liturgical Symphony. For 15 points—name this member of Les Six [lay sees] who is more famous for Pacific 231 and Rugby.

ANSWER: Arthur Honegger

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: More than a Farm Boy

This word comes from a German word that originally meant “farm boy,” “slave,” or “servant.” Modern German and Dutch have this person as “Ritter” and “Ridder,” respectively. For 15 points—name this word which is now associated with a warrior on horseback.

ANSWER: Knight [as in Knight-Ridder, not Knight-Rider!]

General Knowledge & Trivia: Miss France

She has appeared on postage stamps and coins. For 15 points—name this woman commonly used as a representation of France.

ANSWER: Marianne

Geography: Not So Big

The Our [oor], Sûre [soor], and Moselle mark its border with Germany. Its namesake capital lies on the Alzette River, and is divided into upper and lower cities. In the north lies the Ardennes, as does the city of Clairvaux. For 15 points—name this banking center.

ANSWER: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

Mathematics: Straight Lines and Curves [note: calculus]

Pencil and paper ready. Consider the following two functions: f(x) = 2x2 [f of x = 2 x squared], and g(x) = 8 [g of x = 8]. For 15 points—what is the area bounded by the y axis, f(x), and g(x)? You have 45 seconds.

ANSWER: 32/3 or 10 2/3 [The area under g(x) is 16; subtract the integral of f(x) (i.e., 2/3x3 from 0 to 2)]

World Literature: ‘Tis Pity He’s a Bore

To be honest, Joe isn’t a bore. He’s just so fat that he has trouble keeping his windpipe open, which causes him to be sleepy during the day. For 15 points—in what first novel by Charles Dickens will you find Joe, as well as characters named Tupman, Snodgrass, and Winkle?

ANSWER: The Pickwick Papers or The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club

——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 13. Stretch Round

19 Her horses were named Shiner and Bright. The daughter of Theia and Hyperion, this winged goddess had a tragic love affair with the son of Laomedon. FOR TEN POINTS—name this deity who forgot to request eternal youth for Tithonus, the Greek goddess of the dawn.

Answer: Eos (do NOT accept “Aurora” which is the Roman equivalent)

19 BONUS. Answer the following related questions for ten points each.

Pencil and paper may be helpful. Consider a particle with a mass of 2 kg moving in a circular orbit at a height of 10,000km above the center of a planet with a mass of 1030 kg. What is its change in potential energy between an arbitrary starting point and one-third of the way around its orbit?

ANSWER: zero joules

The particle's potential energy remains constant, and the net work done on the particle is zero. Therefore, its velocity will not change, an illustration of this principle.

ANSWER: the work-energy theorem

Integrating a gravitational field from a starting altitude to an infinite altitude gives this amount, important in orbital mechanics.

ANSWER: escape velocity

20 In 1990, within this country, secessionists in the city of Tighina held a referendum declaring itself the Trans-Dneister Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In addition to the Dneister, the other major river is the Prut, which forms this country's western border with Romania. FOR TEN POINTS—name this nation containing traditional Bessarabia, with capital at Chisinau.

ANSWER: Republica Moldova or Moldavia

20 BONUS. A fifteen year old on Sarah's Mountain in southern Ohio spends most of his time sitting on a bicycle seat atop a 40-foot flagpole, contemplating the spoil heap from strip-mining threatening to crash down on his home. For ten points each:

Name this 1974 novel, the first by an African American to win the Newbury Medal.

ANSWER: M.C. Higgins, the Great

Name the author of M.C. Higgins, the Great.

ANSWER: Virginia Hamilton

For a final ten points, what does the M.C. in M.C. Higgins stand for.

ANSWER: Mayo Cornelius

21 As of Friday, June 15, 2001, the Abu Sayyaf rebels held twenty-nine hostages in Zamboanga, a village in this country. That is just the latest incident in a turbulent year, which has seen this nation’s president forced out of office due to corruption. FOR TEN POINTS—name this Asian island nation where Joseph Estrada was impeached.

ANSWER: Republic of the Philippines

21 BONUS. Given the name of a country in its native language, name the modern-day Eastern Hemisphere country to which it refers, for the stated number of points.

[5] Hellas ANSWER: Greece

[10] Aotearoa [ah-oh-TAY-roh-uh] ANSWER: New Zealand

[15] Masr ANSWER: Egypt

22 His naturalistic style was imitated by many artists, such as Artemesia Gentileschi, as he gave his name to a genre which favored realistic depictions of lower class subjects. FOR TEN POINTS—name this Italian who featured religious subjects in works such as The Calling of St. Matthew, Supper at Emmaus, and Conversion of St. Paul.

Answer: Michaelangelo Merisi de Caravaggio

22 BONUS. [FOR AHMED]

23 The psychological analysis of the protagonist and realistic treatment of secondary characters found in this work anticipate Russian realism. This novel consists of five stories, presented out of chronological sequence, narrated by Maksim Maksimych. The stories tell of the affairs, smuggling adventures, and duels of Grigory Pechorin. FOR TEN POINTS—name this masterpiece of Mikhail Lermontov.

ANSWER: A Hero of Our Time or Geroy nashego vremeni

23 BONUS. Answer the following about chlorophyll, 10 points each.

This is the ring structure at the center of the chlorophyll, containing carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

ANSWER: porphyrin or corrin ring

The porphyrin ring binds an atom of this metal in the 2+ oxidation state, as hemoglobin binds iron.

ANSWER: magnesium or Mg

This type of plant membrane, which occurs in stacks called grana, actually contains the chlorophyll.

ANSWER: thylakoid membrane

24 When desire for major goods outpaces supply of those good, the “demand-pull” variety of this occurs; the other major kind is “cost-push.” FOR TEN POINTS—identify this economic concept, reflecting a general rise in the cost of goods and services.

ANSWER: inflation

24 BONUS. Identify these novels published in the 1980’s for ten points each.

This Booker Prize-winning novel concerns the butler Stevens, who goes to visit Miss Kenton, the former housekeeper of Darlington Hall.

ANSWER: The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro

This Pulitzer Prize-winner may not have been published without the intercession of Saul Bellow. Set in Albany, this novel tells of Francis Phelan, who is haunted by the ghosts of people he killed.

ANSWER: Ironweed by William Kennedy

The narrator of this novel is Offred [uv-fred]. Other characters include the Commander and Nick, the chauffeur. It is set in a theocratic version of the USA known as Gilead.

ANSWER: The Handmaid's Tale by Margaret Atwood

25 They accelerate when they lose energy, so one with no energy has infinite speed. Thus, they can’t be electrically charged, because radiation released by motion would cause an eventual infinite release of energy. They can’t be use to transmit information, because they cannot retain their properties when locally accessible. FOR TEN POINTS—name these theoretical particles, with imaginary mass, which always have a speed greater than that of light.

ANSWER: tachyons

25 BONUS. Identify the biblical figures who died the following deaths, 10 points each.

In the Catholic tradition, he is the first martyr, having been stoned to death.

ANSWER: Stephen

Judith beheaded this Persian general after getting him drunk.

ANSWER: Holofernes

According to apocryphal tradition, he is the only apostle to die of natural causes, after he escaped from a vat of boiling oil.

ANSWER: John the apostle

26 During his service in the English army during WWI he was seriously wounded twice, an experience that won him the Military Cross and gave him much material for his literary work. While confined in a sanatorium due to the belief that his antiwar protests were a result of shell shock, he met and influenced fellow poet Wilfred Owen, whose works he published following Owen's death at the front. FOR TEN POINTS—identify this pacifist soldier-poet whose anti-war poems include “The Old Huntsman,” and “The Counterattack.”

ANSWER: Siegfried Sassoon

26 BONUS. Give the following terms from Russian history for 10 points each:

a. Members of this Russian upper class had their political power curtailed by Peter the Great; as a symbol of this change in power, the Tsar forced them to cut their beards.

ANSWER: Boyars

b. Russian for "devastation," this was the series of systematic purges of Russian Jews during the 19th and 20th centuries.

ANSWER: pogroms

c. These were the collective farms formed out of the serfs' lands during the reign of Alexander II.

ANSWER: Zemstvos [zemst vus] or zemstvy [zemst vuy]

27 Legends about his athletic prowess abound; while at officer training camp during World War I, he was said to have thrown a cricket ball a then-record 114 yards. Among the accomplishments of his government were the passing of a new pension plan and a universal medical care program, as well as the adoption of a new national flag. A career diplomat, he was ambassador to Washington during World War II. FOR TEN POINTS—name this man, the fourteenth prime minister of Canada, who won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for his role in peace-keeping during the Suez crisis.

ANSWER: Lester Bowles Pearson

27 BONUS. Given the positive outcome of a conflict of one of the eight stages of psychosocial conflict proposed by Eric Erikson, give the negative outcome, FTP.

a. Intimacy

ANSWER: doubt

b. Ego integrity

ANSWER: despair

c. Generativity

ANSWER: stagnation

28 The founding president of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, he helped organize the first Pugwash Conference. His namesake paradox considers the set of all sets that are not members of themselves. FOR TEN POINTS—name this man who founded analytic philosophy and, with Alfred North Whitehead, co-authored Principia Mathematica.

ANSWER: Bertrand Russell

28 BONUS. Identify these American political groups, for ten points each.

Also known as the American Party, this party was an outgrowth of strong anti-immigrant sentiments. Their candidate in the 1856 presidential election was Millard Fillmore.

ANSWER: The Know-Nothing party

This faction of the Republican Party opposed the civil-service reform policies of Rutherford B. Hayes. Among their leaders were Roscoe Conkling and Chester A. Arthur.

ANSWER: Stalwarts

Founded in 1920, it became mostly defunct after supporting Robert M. LaFollette for President in 1924. The state party has survived in Minnesota, where it has merged with the Democrats. Name either the original party or its successor.

ANSWER: Farmer-Labor Party or Democrat-Farmer-Labor (Prompt on DFL)

Opening Round: Related Tossup-Bonus Section

In this round, each tossup question is worth 10 points. Upon getting the tossup question correct, a team question worth a maximum of 20 points will be read. The topic for the bonus question will somehow be related to the tossup question. Both teams get an opportunity to answer after each prompted section of a bonus question, with the team getting the preceding tossup getting the first opportunity.

Category Quiz

In this round, each tossup question is worth 10 points. Upon getting the tossup question correct, the team gets the opportunity to choose a 15-point team question based on the list of topics handed out before the round. If the bonus question is missed, the opposing team gets the opportunity to answer.

Stretch Round: Unrelated Tossups and Bonuses

In this round, each tossup question is worth 20 points until the reader completes the phrase “for ten points,” after which the tossup is worth 10. Upon getting the tossup question correct, the team gets the opportunity to choose answer the associated bonus question for a maximum value of 30 points. Both teams get an opportunity to answer after each prompted section of a bonus question, with the team getting the preceding tossup getting the first opportunity.

Category Quiz Bonus Topics: Round 1

American Literature: The Name’s the Same

Biological Science: Jawbreakers

Current Events: This is Ohio

Entertainment & Sports: Top of His Game

Fine Arts: Amen

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: More than a Farm Boy

General Knowledge & Trivia: Miss France

Geography: Not So Big

Mathematics: Straight Lines and Curves [note: calculus]

World Literature: ‘Tis Pity He’s a Bore

Category Quiz Bonus Topics: Round 1

American Literature: The Name’s the Same

Biological Science: Jawbreakers

Current Events: This is Ohio

Entertainment & Sports: Top of His Game

Fine Arts: Amen

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: More than a Farm Boy

General Knowledge & Trivia: Miss France

Geography: Not So Big

Mathematics: Straight Lines and Curves [note: calculus]

World Literature: ‘Tis Pity He’s a Bore

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