Engineering



Engineering |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |

ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION [pic] |2012 MEDIAN PAY [pic] | |[pic] |Aerospace Engineering Technicians |Aerospace engineering and operations technicians operate and maintain equipment used in developing, testing, and producing new aircraft and spacecraft. Increasingly, these workers are using computer-based modeling and simulation tools and processes in their work. |Associate’s degree |$61,530 | |

|[pic] |Aerospace Engineers |Aerospace engineers design aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and missiles. In addition, they test prototypes to make sure|Bachelor’s degree |$103,720 |

| | |that they function according to design. | | |

|[pic] |Agricultural Engineers |Agricultural engineers—also known as biological and agricultural engineers—work on a variety of activities. These |Bachelor’s degree |$74,000 |

| | |activities range from aquaculture (raising food, such as fish, that thrive in water) to land farming to forestry; from | | |

| | |developing biofuels to improving conservation; from planning animal environments to finding better ways to process food. | | |

|[pic] |Architects |Architects plan and design houses, office buildings, and other structures. |Bachelor’s degree |$73,090 |

|[pic] |Biomedical Engineers |Biomedical engineers analyze and design solutions to problems in biology and medicine, with the goal of improving the |Bachelor’s degree |$86,960 |

| | |quality and effectiveness of patient care. | | |

|[pic] |Cartographers and Photogrammetrists |Cartographers and photogrammetrists collect, measure, and interpret geographic information to create maps and charts for |Bachelor’s degree |$57,440 |

| | |political, educational, and other purposes. | | |

|[pic] |Chemical Engineers |Chemical engineers apply the principles of chemistry, biology, physics, and math to solve problems that involve the |Bachelor’s degree |$94,350 |

| | |production or use of chemicals, fuel, drugs, food, and many other products. They design processes and equipment for | | |

| | |large-scale safe and sustainable manufacturing, plan and test methods of manufacturing products and treating byproducts, | | |

| | |and supervise production. | | |

|[pic] |Civil Engineering Technicians |Civil engineering technicians help civil engineers plan and design the construction of highways, bridges, utilities, and |Associate’s degree |$47,560 |

| | |other major infrastructure projects. They also help with commercial, residential, and land development. Civil engineering| | |

| | |technicians work under the direction of licensed civil engineers. | | |

|[pic] |Civil Engineers |Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including |Bachelor’s degree |$79,340 |

| | |roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment. | | |

|[pic] |Computer Hardware Engineers |Computer hardware engineers research, design, develop, and test computer systems and components such as processors, |Bachelor’s degree |$100,920 |

| | |circuit boards, memory devices, networks, and routers. By creating new directions in computer hardware, these engineers | | |

| | |create rapid advances in computer technology. | | |

|[pic] |Drafters |Drafters use software to convert the designs of engineers and architects into technical drawings and plans. Workers |Associate’s degree |$49,630 |

| | |specialize in architectural, civil, electrical, or mechanical drafting and use technical drawings to help design | | |

| | |everything from microchips to skyscrapers. | | |

|[pic] |Electrical and Electronics |Electrical and electronics engineering technicians help engineers design and develop computers, communications equipment,|Associate’s degree |$57,850 |

| |Engineering Technicians |medical monitoring devices, navigational equipment, and other electrical and electronic equipment. They often work in | | |

| | |product evaluation and testing, using measuring and diagnostic devices to adjust, test, and repair equipment. | | |

|[pic] |Electrical and Electronics Engineers |Electrical engineers design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacturing of electrical equipment, such as electric |Bachelor’s degree |$89,630 |

| | |motors, radar and navigation systems, communications systems, and power generation equipment. Electronics engineers | | |

| | |design and develop electronic equipment, such as broadcast and communications systems—from portable music players to | | |

| | |global positioning systems (GPS). | | |

|[pic] |Electro-mechanical Technicians |Electro-mechanical technicians combine knowledge of mechanical technology with knowledge of electrical and electronic |Associate’s degree |$51,820 |

| | |circuits. They install, troubleshoot, repair, and upgrade electronic and computer-controlled mechanical systems, such as | | |

| | |robotic assembly machines. | | |

|[pic] |Environmental Engineering Technicians|Environmental engineering technicians carry out the plans that environmental engineers develop. They test, operate, and, |Associate’s degree |$45,350 |

| | |if necessary, modify equipment used to prevent or clean up environmental pollution. They may collect samples for testing,| | |

| | |or they may work to mitigate sources of environmental pollution. | | |

|[pic] |Environmental Engineers |Environmental engineers use the principles of engineering, soil science, biology, and chemistry to develop solutions to |Bachelor’s degree |$80,890 |

| | |environmental problems. They are involved in efforts to improve recycling, waste disposal, public health, and water and | | |

| | |air pollution control. | | |

|[pic] |Health and Safety Engineers |Health and safety engineers develop procedures and design systems to prevent people from getting sick or injured and to |Bachelor’s degree |$76,830 |

| | |keep property from being damaged. They combine knowledge of systems engineering and of health and safety to make sure | | |

| | |that chemicals, machinery, software, furniture, and other consumer products will not cause harm to people or buildings. | | |

|[pic] |Industrial Engineering Technicians |Industrial engineering technicians help industrial engineers implement designs to effectively use personnel, materials, |Associate’s degree |$50,980 |

| | |and machines in factories, stores, healthcare organizations, repair shops, and offices. They prepare machinery and | | |

| | |equipment layouts, plan workflows, conduct statistical production studies, and analyze production costs. | | |

|[pic] |Industrial Engineers |Industrial engineers find ways to eliminate wastefulness in production processes. They devise efficient ways to use |Bachelor’s degree |$78,860 |

| | |workers, machines, materials, information, and energy to make a product or provide a service. | | |

|[pic] |Landscape Architects |Landscape architects plan and design land areas for parks, recreational facilities, private homes, campuses, and other |Bachelor’s degree |$64,180 |

| | |open spaces. | | |

|[pic] |Marine Engineers and Naval Architects|Marine engineers and naval architects design, build, and maintain ships from aircraft carriers to submarines, from |Bachelor’s degree |$88,100 |

| | |sailboats to tankers. Marine engineers work on the mechanical systems, such as propulsion and steering. Naval architects | | |

| | |work on the basic design, including the form and stability of hulls. | | |

|[pic] |Materials Engineers |Materials engineers develop, process, and test materials used to create a range of products, from computer chips and |Bachelor’s degree |$85,150 |

| | |aircraft wings to golf clubs and snow skis. They work with metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, and other substances | | |

| | |to create new materials that meet certain mechanical, electrical, and chemical requirements. | | |

|[pic] |Mechanical Engineering Technicians |Mechanical engineering technicians help mechanical engineers design, develop, test, and manufacture mechanical devices, |Associate’s degree |$51,980 |

| | |including tools, engines, and machines. They may make sketches and rough layouts, record and analyze data, make | | |

| | |calculations and estimates, and report their findings. | | |

|[pic] |Mechanical Engineers |Mechanical engineering is one of the broadest engineering disciplines. Mechanical engineers design, develop, build, and |Bachelor’s degree |$80,580 |

| | |test mechanical and thermal devices, including tools, engines, and machines. | | |

|[pic] |Mining and Geological Engineers |Mining and geological engineers design mines for the safe and efficient removal of minerals such as coal and metals for |Bachelor’s degree |$84,320 |

| | |manufacturing and utilities. | | |

|[pic] |Nuclear Engineers |Nuclear engineers research and develop the processes, instruments, and systems used to derive benefits from nuclear |Bachelor’s degree |$104,270 |

| | |energy and radiation. Many of these engineers find industrial and medical uses for radioactive materials—for example, in | | |

| | |equipment used in medical diagnosis and treatment. | | |

|[pic] |Petroleum Engineers |Petroleum engineers design and develop methods for extracting oil and gas from deposits below the earth’s surface. |Bachelor’s degree |$130,280 |

| | |Petroleum engineers also find new ways to extract oil and gas from older wells. | | |

|[pic] |Sales Engineers |Sales engineers sell complex scientific and technological products or services to businesses. They must have extensive |Bachelor’s degree |$91,830 |

| | |knowledge of the products’ parts and functions and must understand the scientific processes that make these products | | |

| | |work. | | |

|[pic] |Surveying and Mapping Technicians |Surveying and mapping technicians assist surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists. Together, they collect data and|High school diploma|$39,670 |

| | |make maps of the earth’s surface. Surveying technicians visit sites to take measurements of the land. Mapping technicians|or equivalent | |

| | |use geographic data to create maps. | | |

|[pic] |Surveyors |Surveyors make precise measurements to determine property boundaries. They provide data relevant to the shape and contour|Bachelor’s degree |$56,230 |

| | |of the Earth’s surface for engineering, mapmaking, and construction projects. | | |

| Repair |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |ENTRY-LEVEL |2012 MEDIAN |

| | | |EDUCATION [pic] |PAY [pic] |

|[pic] |Airline and Commercial Pilots |Airline and commercial pilots fly and navigate airplanes, helicopters, and other aircraft. Airline pilots fly |See How to Become One |$98,410 |

| | |for airlines that transport people and cargo on a fixed schedule. Commercial pilots fly aircraft for other | | |

| | |reasons, such as charter flights, rescue operations, firefighting, aerial photography, and aerial application, | | |

| | |also known as crop dusting. | | |

|[pic] |Bus Drivers |Bus drivers transport people between various places—including work, school, and shopping malls—and across state |High school diploma or |$29,550 |

| | |or national borders. Some drive regular routes, and others transport passengers on chartered trips or |equivalent | |

| | |sightseeing tours. | | |

|[pic] |Delivery Truck Drivers and |Delivery truck drivers and driver/sales workers pick up, transport, and drop off packages and small shipments |High school diploma or |$27,530 |

| |Driver/Sales Workers |within a local region or urban area. They drive trucks with a gross vehicle weight (GVW)—the combined weight of |equivalent | |

| | |the vehicle, passengers, and cargo—of 26,000 pounds or less. Most of the time, delivery truck drivers transport | | |

| | |merchandise from a distribution center to businesses and households. | | |

|[pic] |Flight Attendants |Flight attendants provide personal services to ensure the safety and comfort of airline passengers. |High school diploma or |$37,240 |

| | | |equivalent | |

|[pic] |Hand Laborers and Material |Hand laborers and material movers transport objects without using machines. Some workers move freight, stock, or|Less than high school |$22,970 |

| |Movers |other materials around in storage facilities; others clean vehicles; some pick up unwanted household goods; and | | |

| | |still others pack materials for moving. | | |

|[pic] |Heavy and Tractor-trailer Truck|Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers transport goods from one location to another. Most tractor-trailer |Postsecondary non-degree |$38,200 |

| |Drivers |drivers are long-haul drivers and operate trucks whose gross vehicle weight (GVW) capacity—that is, the combined|award | |

| | |weight of the vehicle, passengers, and cargo—exceeds 26,000 pounds. These drivers deliver goods over intercity | | |

| | |routes, sometimes spanning several states. | | |

|[pic] |Material Moving Machine |Material moving machine operators use machinery to transport various objects. Some operators move construction |See How to Become One |$31,530 |

| |Operators |materials around building sites or the land around a mine. Others move goods around a warehouse or onto | | |

| | |container ships. | | |

|[pic] |Railroad Occupations |Workers in railroad occupations ensure that passenger and freight trains run on time and travel safely. Some |High school diploma or |$52,400 |

| | |workers drive trains, some coordinate the activities of the trains, while others operate signals and switches in|equivalent | |

| | |the rail yard. | | |

|[pic] |Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs |Taxi drivers and chauffeurs drive people to and from the places they need to go, such as airports, homes, |Less than high school |$22,820 |

| | |shopping centers, and workplaces. They must know their way around a city in order to take both residents and | | |

| | |visitors to their destinations. | | |

|[pic] |Water Transportation |Workers in water transportation occupations operate and maintain vessels that take cargo and people over water. |See How to Become One |$48,980 |

| |Occupations |These vessels travel to and from foreign ports across the ocean, to domestic ports along the coasts, across the | | |

| | |Great Lakes, and along the country’s many inland waterways. | | |

Communication |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION [pic] |2012 MEDIAN PAY [pic] | |[pic] |Broadcast and Sound Engineering Technicians |Broadcast and sound engineering technicians set up, operate, and maintain the electrical equipment for radio and television broadcasts, concerts, sound recordings, movies and in office and school buildings. |See How to Become One |$41,200 | |[pic] |Film and Video Editors and Camera Operators |Film and video editors and camera operators manipulate images that entertain or inform an audience. |Bachelor’s degree |$46,280 | |[pic] |Photographers |Photographers use their technical expertise, creativity, and composition skills to produce and preserve images that visually tell a story or record an event. |High school diploma or equivalent |$28,490 | |[pic] |Technical Writers |Technical writers, also called technical communicators, prepare instruction manuals, journal articles, and other supporting documents to communicate complex and technical information more easily. They also develop, gather, and disseminate technical information among customers, designers, and manufacturers. |Bachelor’s degree |$65,500 | |

Computers and Information

  |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION [pic] |2012 MEDIAN PAY [pic] | |[pic] |Computer and Information Research Scientists |Computer and information research scientists invent and design new approaches to computing technology and find innovative uses for existing technology. They study and solve complex problems in computing for business, medicine, science, and other fields. |Doctoral or professional degree |$102,190 | |[pic] |Computer Network Architects |Computer network architects design and build data communication networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and intranets. These networks range from a small connection between two offices to a multinational series of globally distributed communications systems. |Bachelor’s degree |$91,000 | |[pic] |Computer Programmers |Computer programmers write code to create software programs. They turn the program designs created by software developers and engineers into instructions that a computer can follow. |Bachelor’s degree |$74,280 | |[pic] |Computer Support Specialists |Computer support specialists provide help and advice to people and organizations using computer software or equipment. Some, called computer network support specialists, support information technology (IT) employees within their organization. Others, called computer user support specialists, assist non-IT users who are having computer problems. |See How to Become One |$48,900 | |[pic] |Computer Systems Analysts |Computer systems analysts study an organization’s current computer systems and procedures and design information systems solutions to help the organization operate more efficiently and effectively. They bring business and information technology (IT) together by understanding the needs and limitations of both. |Bachelor’s degree |$79,680 | |[pic] |Database Administrators |Database administrators (DBAs) use specialized software to store and organize data, such as financial information and customer shipping records. They make sure that data are available to users and are secure from unauthorized access. |Bachelor’s degree |$77,080 | |[pic] |Information Security Analysts |Information security analysts plan and carry out security measures to protect an organization's computer networks and systems. Their responsibilities are continually expanding as the number of cyberattacks increase. |Bachelor’s degree |$86,170 | |[pic] |Network and Computer Systems Administrators |Computer networks are critical parts of almost every organization. Network and computer systems administrators are responsible for the day-to-day operation of these networks. |Bachelor’s degree |$72,560 | |[pic] |Software Developers |Software developers are the creative minds behind computer programs. Some develop the applications that allow people to do specific tasks on a computer or other device. Others develop the underlying systems that run the devices or control networks. |Bachelor’s degree |$93,350 | |[pic] |Web Developers |Web developers design and create websites. They are responsible for the look of the site. They are also responsible for the site’s technical aspects, such as performance and capacity, which are measures of a website’s speed and how much traffic the site can handle. They also may create content for the site. |Associate’s degree |$62,500 | |

Healthcare |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION [pic] |2012 MEDIAN PAY [pic] | |[pic] |Athletic Trainers and Exercise Physiologists |Athletic trainers specialize in preventing, diagnosing, and treating muscle and bone injuries and illnesses. Exercise physiologists develop fitness and exercise programs that help patients recover from chronic diseases and improve cardiovascular function, body composition, and flexibility. |Bachelor’s degree |$42,690 | |[pic] |Audiologists |Audiologists diagnose and treat a patient’s hearing and balance problems using advanced technology and procedures. |Doctoral or professional degree |$69,720 | |[pic] |Chiropractors |Chiropractors treat patients with health problems of the neuromusculoskeletal system, which includes nerves, bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. They use spinal adjustments, manipulation, and other techniques to manage patients' health concerns, such as back and neck pain. |Doctoral or professional degree |$66,160 | |[pic] |Dental Assistants |Dental assistants have many tasks, ranging from providing patient care and taking x rays to recordkeeping and scheduling appointments. Their duties vary by state and by the dentists’ offices where they work. |Postsecondary non-degree award |$34,500 | |[pic] |Dental Hygienists |Dental hygienists clean teeth, examine patients for signs of oral diseases such as gingivitis, and provide other preventative dental care. They also educate patients on ways to improve and maintain good oral health. |Associate’s degree |$70,210 | |[pic] |Dental and Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians and Medical Appliance Technicians |Dental and ophthalmic laboratory technicians and medical appliance technicians construct, fit, or repair devices that increase function in the lives of patients. These devices include dentures, eyeglasses, and prosthetics. |High school diploma or equivalent |$33,070 | |[pic] |Dentists |Dentists diagnose and treat problems with a patient’s teeth, gums, and related parts of the mouth. They provide advice and instruction on taking care of teeth and gums and on diet choices that affect oral health. |Doctoral or professional degree |$149,310 | |[pic] |Diagnostic Medical Sonographers and Cardiovascular Technologists |Diagnostic medical sonographers and cardiovascular technologists and technicians, including vascular technologists, operate special imaging equipment to create images or conduct tests. The images and test results help physicians assess and diagnose medical conditions. Some technologists assist physicians and surgeons during surgical procedures. |Associate’s degree |$60,350 | |[pic] |Dietitians and Nutritionists |Dietitians and nutritionists are experts in food and nutrition. They advise people on what to eat in order to lead a healthy lifestyle or achieve a specific health-related goal. |Bachelor’s degree |$55,240 | |[pic] |EMTs and Paramedics |Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics care for the sick or injured in emergency medical settings. People’s lives often depend on their quick reaction and competent care. EMTs and paramedics respond to emergency calls, performing medical services and transporting patients to medical facilities. |Postsecondary non-degree award |$31,020 | |[pic] |Genetic Counselors |Genetic counselors assess individual or family risk for a variety of inherited conditions, such as genetic disorders and birth defects. They provide information and advice to other healthcare providers, or to individuals and families concerned with the risk of inherited conditions. |Master’s degree |$56,800 | |[pic] |Home Health Aides |Home health aides help people who are disabled, chronically ill, or cognitively impaired. They often help older adults who need assistance. In some states, home health aides may be able to give a client medication or check the client’s vital signs under the direction of a nurse or other healthcare practitioner. |Less than high school |$20,820 | |[pic] |Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses |Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) provide basic nursing care. They work under the direction of registered nurses and doctors. |Postsecondary non-degree award |$41,540 | |[pic] |Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians |Medical laboratory technologists (commonly known as medical laboratory scientists) and medical laboratory technicians collect samples and perform tests to analyze body fluids, tissue, and other substances. |See How to Become One |$47,820 | |[pic] |Medical Assistants |Medical assistants complete administrative and clinical tasks in the offices of physicians, podiatrists, chiropractors, and other health practitioners. Their duties vary with the location, specialty, and size of the practice. |Postsecondary non-degree award |$29,370 | |[pic] |Nuclear Medicine Technologists |Nuclear medicine technologists use a scanner to create images of various areas of a patient’s body. They prepare radioactive drugs and administer them to patients undergoing the scans. The radioactive drugs cause abnormal areas of the body to appear different from normal areas in the images. |Associate’s degree |$70,180 | |[pic] |Occupational Health and Safety Specialists |Occupational health and safety specialists analyze many types of work environments and work procedures. Specialists inspect workplaces for adherence to regulations on safety, health, and the environment. They also design programs to prevent disease or injury to workers and damage to the environment. |Bachelor’s degree |$66,790 | |[pic] |Occupational Health and Safety Technicians |Occupational health and safety technicians collect data on the safety and health conditions of the workplace. Technicians work with occupational health and safety specialists in conducting tests and measuring hazards to help prevent harm to workers, property, the environment, and the general public. |High school diploma or equivalent |$47,440 | |[pic] |Occupational Therapists |Occupational therapists treat injured, ill, or disabled patients through the therapeutic use of everyday activities. They help these patients develop, recover, and improve the skills needed for daily living and working. |Master’s degree |$75,400 | |[pic] |Occupational Therapy Assistants and Aides |Occupational therapy assistants and aides help patients develop, recover, and improve the skills needed for daily living and working. Occupational therapy assistants are directly involved in providing therapy to patients, while occupational therapy aides typically perform support activities. Both assistants and aides work under the direction of occupational therapists. |See How to Become One |$48,940 | |[pic] |Opticians, Dispensing |Dispensing opticians help fit eyeglasses and contact lenses, following prescriptions from ophthalmologists and optometrists. They also help customers decide which eyeglass frames or contact lenses to buy. |High school diploma or equivalent |$33,330 | |[pic] |Optometrists |Optometrists examine the eyes and other parts of the visual system. They also diagnose, and treat visual problems, and manage diseases, injuries, and other disorders of the eyes. They prescribe eyeglasses or contact lenses as needed. |Doctoral or professional degree |$97,820 | |[pic] |Orthotists and Prosthetists |Orthotists and prosthetists, also called O&P professionals, design medical supportive devices and measure and fit patients for them. These devices include artificial limbs (arms, hands, legs, and feet), braces, and other medical or surgical devices. |Master’s degree |$62,670 | |[pic] |Pharmacists |Pharmacists dispense prescription medications to patients and offer expertise in the safe use of prescriptions. They also may provide advice on how to lead a healthy lifestyle, conduct health and wellness screenings, provide immunizations, and oversee the medications given to patients. |Doctoral or professional degree |$116,670 | |[pic] |Pharmacy Technicians |Pharmacy technicians help licensed pharmacists dispense prescription medication to customers or health professionals. |High school diploma or equivalent |$29,320 | |[pic] |Phlebotomists |Phlebotomists draw blood for tests, transfusions, research, or blood donations. Some explain their work to patients and provide assistance when patients have adverse reactions after their blood is drawn. |Postsecondary non-degree award |$29,730 | |[pic] |Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides |Physical therapist assistants (sometimes called PTAs) and physical therapist aides work under the direction and supervision of physical therapists. They help patients who are recovering from injuries and illnesses regain movement and manage pain. |See How to Become One |$39,430 | |[pic] |Physical Therapists |Physical therapists, sometimes called PTs, help injured or ill people improve their movement and manage their pain. These therapists are often an important part of rehabilitation and treatment of patients with chronic conditions or injuries. |Doctoral or professional degree |$79,860 | |[pic] |Physician Assistants |Physician assistants, also known as PAs, practice medicine on a team under the supervision of physicians and surgeons. They are formally educated to examine patients, diagnose injuries and illnesses, and provide treatment. |Master’s degree |$90,930 | |[pic] |Physicians and Surgeons |Physicians and surgeons diagnose and treat injuries or illnesses. Physicians examine patients; take medical histories; prescribe medications; and order, perform, and interpret diagnostic tests. They counsel patients on diet, hygiene, and preventive healthcare. Surgeons operate on patients to treat injuries, such as broken bones; diseases, such as cancerous tumors; and deformities, such as cleft palates. |Doctoral or professional degree |$187,200 or more per year. | |[pic] |Podiatrists |Podiatrists provide medical care for people with foot, ankle, and lower leg problems. They diagnose illnesses, treat injuries, and perform surgery involving the lower extremities. |Doctoral or professional degree |$116,440 | |[pic] |Psychiatric Technicians and Aides |Psychiatric technicians and aides care for people who have mental illness and developmental disabilities. Technicians typically provide therapeutic care. Aides help patients in their daily activities and ensure a safe, clean environment. |See How to Become One |$27,440 | |[pic] |Radiation Therapists |Radiation therapists treat cancer and other diseases in patients by administering radiation treatments. |Associate’s degree |$77,560 | |[pic] |Radiologic and MRI Technologists |Radiologic technologists perform diagnostic imaging examinations, such as x rays, on patients. MRI technologists operate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners to create diagnostic images. |Associate’s degree |$55,910 | |[pic] |Recreational Therapists |Recreational therapists plan, direct, and coordinate recreation-based treatment programs for people with disabilities, injuries, or illnesses. Recreational therapists use a variety of modalities, including arts and crafts, drama, music, dance, sports, games, and community reintegration field trips to help maintain or improve a patient’s physical, social, and emotional well-being. |Bachelor’s degree |$42,280 | |[pic] |Registered Nurses |Registered nurses (RNs) provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the public about various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and their family members. |Associate’s degree |$65,470 | |[pic] |Respiratory Therapists |Respiratory therapists care for patients who have trouble breathing—for example, from a chronic respiratory disease, such as asthma or emphysema. Their patients range from premature infants with undeveloped lungs to elderly patients who have diseased lungs. They also provide emergency care to patients suffering from heart attacks, drowning, or shock. |Associate’s degree |$55,870 | |[pic] |Speech-Language Pathologists |Speech-language pathologists (sometimes called speech therapists) assess, diagnose, treat, and help to prevent communication and swallowing disorders in patients. Speech, language, and swallowing disorders result from a variety of causes, such as a stroke, brain injury, hearing loss, developmental delay, a cleft palate, cerebral palsy, or emotional problems. |Master’s degree |$69,870 | |[pic] |Surgical Technologists |Surgical technologists, also called operating room technicians, assist in surgical operations. They prepare operating rooms, arrange equipment, and help doctors during surgeries. |Postsecondary non-degree award |$41,790 | |[pic] |Veterinarians |Veterinarians care for the health of animals and work to improve public health. They diagnose, treat, and research medical conditions and diseases of pets, livestock, and other animals. |Doctoral or professional degree |$84,460 | |[pic] |Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers |Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers look after animals in laboratories, animal hospitals, and clinics. They care for the well-being of animals by performing routine tasks under the supervision of veterinarians, scientists, and veterinary technologists and technicians. |High school diploma or equivalent |$23,130 | |[pic] |Veterinary Technologists and Technicians |Veterinary technologists and technicians perform medical tests under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian to help diagnose the illnesses and injuries of animals. |Associate’s degree |$30,290 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Science |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION [pic] |2012 MEDIAN PAY [pic] | |[pic] |Agricultural and Food Science Technicians |Agricultural and food science technicians assist agricultural and food scientists by performing duties such as measuring and analyzing the quality of food and agricultural products. |Associate’s degree |$34,070 | |[pic] |Agricultural and Food Scientists |Agricultural and food scientists work to ensure that agricultural establishments are productive and food is safe. |See How to Become One |$58,610 | |[pic] |Anthropologists and Archeologists |Anthropologists and archeologists study the origin, development, and behavior of humans. They examine the cultures, languages, archeological remains, and physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world. |Master’s degree |$57,420 | |[pic] |Atmospheric Scientists, Including Meteorologists |Atmospheric scientists study the weather and climate, and how it affects human activity and the earth in general. |Bachelor’s degree |$89,260 | |[pic] |Biochemists and Biophysicists |Biochemists and biophysicists study the chemical and physical principles of living things and of biological processes, such as cell development, growth, and heredity. |Doctoral or professional degree |$81,480 | |[pic] |Biological Technicians |Biological technicians help biological and medical scientists conduct laboratory tests and experiments. |Bachelor’s degree |$39,750 | |[pic] |Chemical Technicians |Chemical technicians use special instruments and techniques to help chemists and chemical engineers research, develop, and produce chemical products and processes. |Associate’s degree |$42,920 | |[pic] |Chemists and Materials Scientists |Chemists and materials scientists study substances at the atomic and molecular levels and the ways in which substances react with each other. They use their knowledge to develop new and improved products and to test the quality of manufactured goods. |Bachelor’s degree |$73,060 | |[pic] |Conservation Scientists and Foresters |Conservation scientists and foresters manage overall land quality of forests, parks, rangelands, and other natural resources. |Bachelor’s degree |$59,060 | |[pic] |Environmental Science Technicians |Environmental science and protection technicians do laboratory and field tests to monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution, including those affecting public health. Many work under the supervision of environmental scientists and specialists, who direct the technicians’ work and evaluate their results. |Associate’s degree |$41,240 | |[pic] |Environmental Scientists and Specialists |Environmental scientists and specialists use their knowledge of the natural sciences to protect the environment and human health. They may clean up polluted areas, advise policy makers, or work with industry to reduce waste. |Bachelor’s degree |$63,570 | |[pic] |Epidemiologists |Epidemiologists are public health professionals who investigate patterns and causes of disease and injury in humans. They seek to reduce the risk and occurrence of negative health outcomes through research, community education, and health policy. |Master’s degree |$65,270 | |[pic] |Forensic Science Technicians |Forensic science technicians help investigate crimes by collecting and analyzing physical evidence. Many technicians specialize in either crime scene investigation or laboratory analysis. Most forensic science technicians spend some time writing reports. |Bachelor’s degree |$52,840 | |[pic] |Forest and Conservation Technicians |Forest and conservation technicians measure and improve the quality of forests, rangeland, and other natural areas. |Associate’s degree |$33,920 | |[pic] |Geographers |Geographers study the earth and its land, features, and inhabitants. They also examine phenomena such as political or cultural structures as they relate to geography. They study the physical and human geographic characteristics of a region, ranging in scale from local to global. |Bachelor’s degree |$74,760 | |[pic] |Geological and Petroleum Technicians |Geological and petroleum technicians provide support to scientists and engineers in exploring and extracting natural resources, such as minerals, oil, and natural gas. |Associate’s degree |$52,700 | |[pic] |Hydrologists |Hydrologists study how water moves across and through the Earth’s crust. They can use their expertise to solve problems in the areas of water quality or availability. |Master’s degree |$75,530 | |[pic] |Medical Scientists |Medical scientists conduct research aimed at improving overall human health. They often use clinical trials and other investigative methods to reach their findings. |Doctoral or professional degree |$76,980 | |[pic] |Microbiologists |Microbiologists study microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites. They try to understand how these organisms live, grow, and interact with their environments. |Bachelor’s degree |$66,260 | |[pic] |Nuclear Technicians |Nuclear technicians assist physicists, engineers, and other professionals in nuclear research and nuclear production. They operate special equipment used in these activities and monitor the levels of radiation that are produced. |Associate’s degree |$69,060 | |[pic] |Physicists and Astronomers |Physicists and astronomers study the ways in which various forms of matter and energy interact. Theoretical physicists and astronomers may study the nature of time or the origin of the universe. Physicists and astronomers in applied fields may develop new military technologies or new sources of energy, or monitor space debris that could endanger satellites. |Doctoral or professional degree |$106,360 | |[pic] |Urban and Regional Planners |Urban and regional planners develop plans and programs for the use of land. Their plans help create communities, accommodate population growth, and revitalize physical facilities in towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas. |Master’s degree |$65,230 | |[pic] |Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists |Zoologists and wildlife biologists study animals and other wildlife and how they interact with their ecosystems. They study the physical characteristics of animals, animal behaviors, and the impacts humans have on wildlife and natural habitats. |Bachelor’s degree |$57,710 | |

Management |OCCUPATION |JOB SUMMARY |ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION [pic] |2012 MEDIAN PAY [pic] | |[pic] |Advertising, Promotions, and Marketing Managers |Advertising, promotions, and marketing managers plan programs to generate interest in a product or service. They work with art directors, sales agents, and financial staff members. |Bachelor’s degree |$115,750 | |[pic] |Architectural and Engineering Managers |Architectural and engineering managers plan, coordinate, and direct activities in architectural and engineering companies. |Bachelor’s degree |$124,870 | |[pic] |Computer and Information Systems Managers |Computer and information systems managers, often called information technology (IT) managers or IT project managers, plan, coordinate, and direct computer-related activities in an organization. They help determine the information technology goals of an organization and are responsible for implementing computer systems to meet those goals. |Bachelor’s degree |$120,950 | |[pic] |Construction Managers |Construction managers plan, coordinate, budget, and supervise construction projects from development to completion. |Bachelor’s degree |$82,790 | |[pic] |Emergency Management Directors |Emergency management directors prepare plans and procedures for responding to natural disasters or other emergencies. They also lead the response during and after emergencies, often in coordination with fire and law enforcement officials, elected officials, nonprofit organizations, and government agencies. |Bachelor’s degree |$59,770 | |[pic] |Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers |Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers run establishments that produce crops, livestock, and dairy products. |High school diploma or equivalent |$69,300 | |[pic] |Food Service Managers |Food service managers are responsible for the daily operation of restaurants and other establishments that prepare and serve food and beverages. They direct staff to ensure that customers are satisfied with their dining experience and the business is profitable. |High school diploma or equivalent |$47,960 | |[pic] |Industrial Production Managers |Industrial production managers oversee the daily operations of manufacturing and related plants. They coordinate, plan, and direct the activities used to create a wide range of goods, such as cars, computer equipment, or paper products. |Bachelor’s degree |$89,190 | |[pic] |Medical and Health Services Managers |Medical and health services managers, also called healthcare executives or healthcare administrators, plan, direct, and coordinate medical and health services. They might manage an entire facility or specialize in managing a specific clinical area or department, or manage a medical practice for a group of physicians. Medical and health services managers must be able to adapt to changes in healthcare laws, regulations, and technology. |Bachelor’s degree |$88,580 | |[pic] |Natural Sciences Managers |Natural sciences managers supervise the work of scientists, including chemists, physicists, and biologists. They direct activities related to research and development, and coordinate activities such as testing, quality control, and production. |Bachelor’s degree |$115,730 | |

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupations Outlook Handbook

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Publish Date: Wednesday, January 8, 2014

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