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Unit IIX: Worksheet 2

1. Suppose you are traveling in a bus at highway speed on a nice summer day and the momentum of an unlucky bug is suddenly changed as it splatters onto the front window.

a. Compared to the force that acts on the bug, how much force acts on the bus. (more) (the same) (less)

b. Although the momentum of the bus is very large compared to the momentum of the bug, the change in momentum of the bus compared to the change in momentum of the bug is (more) (the same) (less)

c. Which experiences the greater acceleration (HINT: think of Newton’s 2nd Law)? (bus) (both the same) (bug)

d. Which, therefore, suffers the greater damage? (bus) (both the same) (the bug of course!)

2. Make two event chains showing what happens when a rolling ball (Ball 1) hits a resting ball (Ball 2). Use the phrases: gains momentum, hits Ball 2, is hit by Ball 1, loses momentum, rests, rolls, slows down, starts rolling.

BALL 1 BALL 2

3. On April 15, 1912, the luxury cruise liner Titanic sank after running into an iceberg. What was the cruise liner’s speed when it collided with the ice berg if it had a mass of 4.23 x 108 kg ship and a momentum of 4.9 x 109 kg·m/s?

4. An official major league baseball has a mass of 0.14 kg. A pitcher throws a 40 m/s fastball which is hit by the batter straight back up the middle at a speed of 46 m/s.

a) What is the change in momentum of the ball during the collision with the bat?

b) If this collision occurs during a time of 0.012 seconds, what is the average force exerted by the bat on the ball?

5. A tennis ball may leave a top player’s racket on the serve with a speed of 65.0 m/s. If the ball’s mass is 0.0600 kg and it is in contact with the racket for 0.0300 s, what is the average force exerted on the ball?

6. How much force is required to stop a 60 kg person traveling at 30 m/s during a time of

a) 5.0 seconds

b) 0.50 seconds

c) 0.05 seconds

7. A 30 kg child running at 7 m/s jumps onto a 10 kg sled which was initially at rest. What will be the velocity of the child+sled immediately after the child jumps on the sled?

8. A 1500 kg car traveling 5.0 m/s collides head on with a 3000 kg truck traveling 7.0 m/s in the opposite direction. If the bumpers lock (the collision is inelastic),

a) what is the velocity of the two vehicles together immediately following the collision?

b) what is the magnitude of the change in velocity experienced by the driver of each car during the collision?

9. A 70 kg astronaut floating in an orbiting space station throws a 1.0 kg water bottle across the room at a speed of 8.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the astronaut’s recoil velocity?

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