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Odyssey Background Notes PowerPoint

1. What is an odyssey?

A. a story of the Trojan War

B. a ten-year attempt to return home to Ithaca

C. a long series of wanderings or adventures

D. a narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds

2. What is an epic poem?

A. a story of the Trojan War

B. a ten-year attempt to return home to Ithaca

C. a long series of wanderings or adventures

D. a narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds

3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an epic?

A. opens in medias res

B. the setting is vast, covering many nations

C. begins with a summon to a use

D. ends with a statement of the theme

4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an epic?

A. the use of epithets

B. features short, informal speeches

C. shows divine intervention on human affairs

D. “star” heroes that embody the values of civilization

5. Who is Homer?

A. a legendary Greek epic poet

B. the author of “The Odyssey”

C. the author of “The Illiad”

D. all of the above

6. Who is Odysseus?

A. also known as “Ulysses”

B. Greek king of Ithaca

C. hero in “The Odyssey”

D. all of the above

7. What is Ithaca?

A. the hometown of Paris

B. the hometown of Helen

C. an island in Greece

D. an island in Turkey

8. How did the Trojan War start, according to Greek mythology?

A. Aphrodite was chosen as the prettiest goddess.

B. Turkey became a country.

C. The Greeks won the war.

D. Menelaus cheated on Helen of Troy.

9. How did the Greeks win the Trojan War, according to Greek mythology?

A. Achilles successfully killed Paris.

B. Odysseus’s idea of the Trojan horse

C. Aphrodite’s promise to give Helen to Paris

D. none of the above

10. What two countries were involved in the Trojan War?

A. Italy and Germany

B. Greece and Albania

C. Italy and Greece

D. Greece and Turkey

Odyssey Myth Gods PowerPoint

11. The people of ancient Greece shared stories called…

A. epics

B. myths

C. evolution

D. phenomenon

12. In the beginning, there was…

A. Zeus

B. three cyclopes

C. the Olympians

D. Chaos

13. Who are the First Parents?

A. Cronos (Saturn) and Rhea

B. Zeus and Hera

C. Mother Earth (Gaea) and Father Heaven (Ouranos)

D. none of the above

14. Who is the ruler of the Titans?

A. Cronos (Saturn) and Rhea

B. Zeus and Hera

C. Mother Earth (Gaea) and Father Heaven (Ouranos)

D. none of the above

15. Who is the ruler of the Olympians?

A. Cronos (Saturn) and Rhea

B. Zeus and Hera

C. Mother Earth (Gaea) and Father Heaven (Ouranos)

D. none of the above

16. The Muses…

A. are the daughters of Zeus.

B. inspire artists of all kinds.

C. presided over the arts and sciences

D. all of the above

17.

Odyssey Crash Course Video – Part 1

20. Who is the star (or protagonist) of Homer’s “The Odyssey”?

A. Homer

B. Odysseus

C. the Trojan War

D. Menelaus

1. Archeological evidence tells us that Trojan War occurred when?

A. 200 years ago

B. Around the 12th century BCE

C. Around the 1800th century BCE

D. the 1900s

21. Who is Helen?

A. the wife of Menelaus

B. also known as Helen of Troy

C. a woman taken by Paris

D. All of the above

22. Who is Paris?

A. a Trojan

B. a prince

C. a man who had an affair with Helen

D. All of the above

23. Who is Menelaus’s brother?

A. Agamemnon

B. Odysseus

C. Homer

D. None of the above

24. What does Agamemnon do?

A. Agamemnon commits suicide.

B. Agamemnon gathers allies and travels to Troy to get Helen back.

C. Agamemnon kills Paris.

D. None of the above

25.

26. When “The Illiad” ends, the war isn’t resolved yet. When “The Odyssey” opens, how much time has gone by?

A. 10 years later

B. 20 years later

C. 200 year later

D. no time has passed

27. Who is the only person who hasn’t come back from the war?

A. Agamemnon

B. Homer

C. Menelaus

D. Odysseus

28. When Odysseus finally returns home to Ithaca in disguise, why does he kill several dozen suitors?

A. The suitors have been drinking all of the Odysseus’ wine.

B. The suitors have been eating his beeves.

C. The suitors have been annoying his wife and plotting to kills his son.

D. All of the above

29. By the end of “The Odyssey,” who ultimately restores peace?

A. Athena

B. Odysseus

C. Odysseus’ son, Telemachus

D. Helen

Odyssey Crash Course Video – Part 2

30. What is Odysseus’ distinguishing quality?

A. Hospitality

B. Metis, which means skill, or cunning

C. Metis, which means strength, or muscle

D. Wisdom

31. Odysseus and his men land on the island of the Cyclops, and he and several of his guys settle into Cyclops’ cave, feasting on the delicious goat cheese that the Cyclops has hoarded, and then, expecting the Cyclops to return and offer them gifts. How is this situation ironic?

A. Although there was an ancient Greek tradition of hospitality, it’s ironic because Odysseus is doing exactly what the suitors are doing in Odysseus’ home, for which he kills them.

B. Since there was not an ancient Greek tradition of hospitality, it’s ironic because Odysseus is doing exactly what the suitors are doing in Odysseus’ home, for which he kills them.

C. Since there was not an ancient Greek tradition of hospitality, there is no irony in the situation.

D. None of the above

32. After the Cyclops begins to eat Odysseus’ men, how does Odysseus act in response?

A. Odysseus gets the Cyclops drunk.

B. Odysseus blinds the Cyclops with a flaming spear.

C. Odysseus stabs the Cyclops in the liver.

D. Only A and B

E. Only B and C

33. Why do the other Cyclopes think no one is with the blind Cyclops?

A. Odysseus has already left the blind Cyclops’ cave.

B. Odysseus is hiding under sheep.

C. Odysseus told the blind Cyclops that his name is “Noman.”

D. None of the above

34. Odysseus can’t stand the idea that “no man” is going to get the credit for this success, so what does he announce?

A. His actual name

B. The name of his son

C. The name of the Cyclops

D. None of the above

35. How does this announcement cause problems?

A. It causes the Cyclops to call down curses on him, which culminates in all of his men being killed.

B. It causes the Cyclops to throw a boulder and sink Odysseus’ ship.

C. It causes the gods to favor Odysseus.

D. None of the above

36. Why can Odysseus be considered a hero?

A. To the Greeks, being a hero meant successfully ending a war and finding a way home successfully.

B. To the Greeks, heroism didn’t mean perfection, it meant that you had an extraordinary attribute or ability, and Odysseus definitely does (metis/cunning).

C. To the Greeks, heroism incorporated a combination of wit, cunning, and wisdom, which Odysseus definitely has.

D. The Greeks did not consider Odysseus a hero during that time.

37. Why does Athena love Odysseus?

A. Athena despises Odysseus.

B. Since Athena is the daughter of Zeus, she connects to Odysseus because they are family.

C. Since Athena is the goddess of war, she applauds all of Odysseus’ battle victories.

D. Since she is the goddess of wisdom, she applauds all of Odysseus’ tricks and stratagems.

38. In relation to our contemporary perspective, what is Odysseus’ least stellar qualities?

A. His attitude towards war

B. His attitude towards women

C. His looks

D. His wisdom

39. The whole epic is incredibly paranoid about female sexuality. What story haunts “The Odyssey”?

A. None of the above

B. The story of Agamemnon, the leader of the Achaeans, who returns victorious from the war, only to be murdered by his wife and her lover.

C. The story of Odysseus, the leader of Ithaca, who returns victorious from the war, only to be murdered by his wife and her lover.

D. The story of Odysseus, the leader of Ithaca, who returns victorious from the war, only to murder the suitors of his wife.

40. Who is a female monster that can be found in “The Odyssey”?

A. The Sirens (who lure men to their deaths)

B. Scylla (who’s basically an octopus with teeth)

C. Charybdis (a hole that sucks men to their doom)

D. All of the above

41. Even as Odysseus is sleeping around with other females, Odysseus is incredibly concerned about what?

A. Whether or not his son, Telemachus has found a wife

B. Whether or not Penelope is chaste

C. Whether or not the suitors have been victorious

D. None of the above

42. What does Odysseus later do to all the housemaids for sleeping with the suitors?

A. He executes the housemaids.

B. He threatens to execute the housemaids if they do not marry the suitors.

C. He throws the housemaids out of his kingdom.

D. None of the above

43. If it weren’t for divine intervention, what would have happened at the end of the story?

A. The end of the story would have incorporated peace.

B. The humans in this story may have avoided war altogether.

C. The humans in this story might have continued a cycle of violence forever.

D. None of the above

Odyssey – Part 1

Use the following selection to answer questions 44-47.

Since in me, Muse, and through me tell the story

of that man skilled in all way of contending,

the wanderer, harried for years on end,

after he plundered the stronghold

on the proud height of Troy.

He saw the townlands

and learned the minds of many distant men,

and weathered many bitter nights and days

in his deep heart at sea, while he fought only

to save his life, to bring his shipmates home.

But not by will nor valor could he save them,

for their own recklessness destroyed them all—

children and fools, they killed and feasted on

the cattle of Lord Helios, the Sun,

and he who moves all day through the heaven

took from their eyes the dawn of their return.

Of these adventures, Muse, daughter of Zeus,

tell us in our time, lift the great song again.

44. What is the purpose of the Muse in the opening verses?

A. to help Odysseus tell his own tale

B. to help Homer tell the story of Odysseus

C. to ask for Lord Helios’ help

D. none of the above

45. Why is the 6th line of the story (“He saw the townlands”) indented?

A. to show a new paragraph

B. to show a continuation of syllables connected to the previous line

C. both A and B

D. none of the above

46. What is Odysseus’ purpose of his odyssey?

A. to save his life

B. to bring his shipmates home

C. both A and B

D. none of the above

47. What caused all of Odysseus’ men to die?

A. Odysseus’ men killed and feasted on the cattle of Lord Helios.

B. Odysseus fought only to save his own life.

C. Lord Helios removed the eyes of Odysseus’s men.

D. none of the above

Use the following selection to answer questions 48-50.

What of my sailing, then, from Troy?

What of those years

of rough adventure, weathered under Zeus?

The wind that carried west from Ilium

brought me to Ismarus, on the far shore,

a strongpoint on the coast of the Cicones.

I stormed that place and killed the men who fought.

Plunder we took, and we enslaved the women,

to make division, equal shares to all—

but on the spot I told them: ‘Back, and quickly!

Out to sea again!’ My men were mutinous,

fools, on stores of wine. Sheep after sheep

they butchered by the surf, and shambling cattle,

feasting, --while fugitives went inland, running

to call to arms the main force of Cicones.

This was an army, trained to fight on horseback

or, where the ground required, on foot.

48. What was Odysseus’ purpose for visiting Ismarus on the coast of Cicones?

A. to ask for help from the local villagers

B. to plunder the area

C. to protect themselves from an army

D. none of the above

49.

50. Why didn’t Odysseus’ men follow his orders to return to the ship?

A. Odysseus’ men were too hungry

B. Odysseus’ men were too drunk

C. Odysseus’ men were angry

D. Odysseus’ men wanted to kill more people

51. Odysseus and his men stay on land. What happens, in effect?

A. Odysseus and his men eat all the sheep and cattle, so they are too full to sail off.

B. Odysseus and his men were able to steal horses from the local survivors.

C. The local survivors escape to get help from their army.

D. None of the above

Use the following selection to answer questions 51-54.

A prodigious man

slept in this cave alone, and took his flocks

to graze afield—remote from all companions,

knowing none but savage ways, a brute

so huge, he seemed no man at all of those

who eat good wheaten bread; but he seemed rather

a shaggy mountain reared in solitude…

We climbed, then, briskly to the cave. But Cyclops

had gone afield, to pasture his fat sheep…

My men came pressing round me, pleading:

‘Why not

take these chesses, get them stowed, come back,

throw open all the pens [containing sheep], and make a run for it?

We’ll drive the kids and lambs aboard. We say

put out again on good salt water!’

Ah,

how sound that was! Yet I refused. I wished

to see the cave man, what he had to offer—

no pretty sight, it turned out, for my friends.

We lit a fire, burnt an offering,

and took some cheese to eat; then sat in silence

around the embers, waiting. When he came

he had a load of dry boughs on his shoulder

to stoke his fire at suppertime. He dumped it

with a great crash into that hollow cave,

and we all scattered fast to the far wall.

Then over the broad cavern floor he ushered

the ewes he meant to milk. He left his rams

and he-goats in the yard outside, and swung

high overhead a slab of solid rock

to close the cave. Two dozen four-wheeled wagons,

with heaving wagon teams, could not have stirred

the tonnage of that rock from where he wedged it

over the doorsill.

52. Which definition best describes “kid” in the selection?

A. (informal) a child or young person

B. (used as a familiar form of address)

C. a young goat

D. to talk or deal jokingly with; banter; jest with

53. Which of the following quotes is a simile?

A. Two dozen four-wheeled wagons, / with heaving wagon teams, could not have stirred / the tonnage of that rock from where he wedged it

B. remote from all companions, / knowing none but savage ways

C. a brute / so huge, he seemed no man at all of those / who eat good wheaten bread; but he seemed rather / a shaggy mountain reared in solitude

D. none of the above

54. Odysseus refuses to leave the Cyclops’ cave. What character flaw causes him to decide this?

A. greed

B. fear

C. curiosity

D. none of the above

55. What factors complicate the Greeks’ attempt at escaping the Cyclops’ cave?

A. a slab of solid rock that covers the cave entrance

B. the Cyclops

C. both A and B

D. none of the above

Choose the term that best describes each quote.

56. “…here we stand, / beholden for your help, or any gifts / you would give—as custom is to honor strangers... / Zeus will avenge / the unoffending guest.”

A. loyalty

B. hospitality

C. cunning

57. “My men came pressing round me, pleading: ‘Why not / take these cheeses…and make a run for it?’ Ah, / how sound that was! Yet I refused. I wished / to see the cave man, what he had to offer…”

A. loyalty

B. curiosity

C. cunning

58. “My name is Nohbdy: mother, father, and friends, / everyone calls me Nohbdy.”

A. loyalty

B. curiosity

C. cunning

59. “Those [three men] who ate…the Lotus, / never cared to report, nor to return…I [Odysseus] drove them, all three wailing to the ships, / tied them down under their rowing benches…”

A. loyalty

B. curiosity

C. cunning

60. The Cyclops “thought he’d find out [where my ship was], but I saw through this, and answered with a ready lie…”

A. loyalty

B. curiosity

C. cunning

Choose the best answer for each question to demonstrate comprehension skills of The Odyssey.

61. When Odysseus tells his tale of his adventure from Troy, he is in—

A. Phaecia

B. Ithaca

C. the Land of the Lotus Eaters

62. The name of Odysseus’ hometown is—

A. Phaecia

B. Ithaca

C. the Land of the Lotus Eaters

63. Which of the following events did NOT happen to Odysseus?

A. When nearing Ithaca’s shore, Odysseus’ men open a bag of wind that sends them back to Aeolia.

B. Odysseus’ ship is destroyed by Zeus’ thunderbolt.

C. Odysseus’ ship is destroyed by Poseidon’s waves.

D. Odysseus must speak to a blind prophet in the Underworld.

64. By the time Odysseus finishes his odyssey and makes it back home to Ithaca, how many of his men have survived?

A. half

B. one dozen

C. one

D. none; only Odysseus survives

The Odyssey, Part 2

65. What motif is best shown in the quote?

“Then, throwing / his arms around this marvel of a father / Telemachus began to weep. Salt tears / rose from the wells of longing in both men, / and cries burst from both as keen and fluttering / as those of the great taloned hawk, / whose nestlings farmers take before they fly. / So helplessly they cried, pouring out tears, / and might have gone on weeping so till sundown…” is an example of what motif?

A. cunning

B. hospitality

C. importance of home/family

D. loyalty

66. Argus, Odysseus’ dog, does not die until he is able to see his master one last time after 20 years. This situation best shows which motif?

A. cunning

B. hospitality

C. importance of home/family

D. loyalty

67. What does Eumaeus mean when he says, “You know how servants are: without a master / they have no will to labor, or excel. / For Zeus who views the wide world takes away/ half the manhood of a man, that day / he goes into captivity and slavery”?

A. Captivity and slavery is created by Zeus because servants have no will to labor, or excel.

B. Masters make slaves work for a living because Zeus orders them to do so.

C. Slaves depend on a master to have a purpose in life because slaves lose a sense of human worth.

D. Slaves have no will to labor or excel because they are lazy.

68. Penelope promised to marry a suitor once the shroud for Laertes (Odysseus’ father) was finished. She was able to delay marriage for three years by weaving the shroud during the day and unweaving it secretly at night. What motif is best shown through this situation?

A. cunning

B. hospitality

C. importance of home/family

D. loyalty

69. Read the following quote: “Think of a catch that fishermen haul in to a half-moon bay / in a fine-meshed net from the whitecaps of the sea: / how all are poured out on the sand, in throes for the salt sea, / twitching their cold lives away in Helios’ fiery air: / so lay the suitors heaped on one another.”

Which paraphrase best describes the Homeric simile?

A. Fishermen’s catch are poured out on the sand in throes for the salt sea.

B. The catch of fishermen is hauled into a half-moon bay and is poured out on the sand and die.

C. The dead suitors are heaped on one another like dead fish that have been poured onto the sand after being caught by fishermen.

D. The suitors are heaped on one another as they twitch their cold lives away because of Odysseus.

70. Which phrase best describes Odysseus’ appearance in the form of a Homeric simile?

A. “Athena lent him beauty, head to foot.”

B. “Think of gold infused on silver by a craftsman, whose far art / Hephaestus taught him, or Athena: one / whose work moves to delight: just so she lavished / beauty over Odysseus’ head and shoulders.”

C. “Saying no more, / she tipped her golden wand upon the man, / making his clad pure white and the knit tunic / fresh around him. Lithe and young she made him, / ruddy with sun, / his jawline clean, the beard / no longer grew upon his chin.”

D. Both B and C

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