1 .cn



Pharmacology Exams for Grade 2002 Pakistan students (1)

Choice questions

Type A (only one answer is correct)

1. Which of the following statements is correct?

A. weak bases are absorbed efficiently across the epithelial cells of the stomach

B. coadministration of atropine speeds the absorption of a second drug

C. drugs showing large Vd can be efficiently removed by dialysis of the plasma

D. stressful emotions can lead to a slowing of drug absorption

E. if the Vd for a drug is small, most of the drug is in the extraplasmic space

1. Which of the following is true for a drug whose elimination from plasma shows first-order kinetics?

A. the half-life of the drug is proportional to the drug concentration in plasma

B. the amount eliminated per unit time is constant

C. the rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma concentration

D. elimination involves a rate-limiting enzyme reaction operating at its maximal velocity(Vm)

E. a plot of drug concentration versus time is a straight line

2. All of the following statements are true except

A. aspirin(pKa3.5) is 90% in its lipid-soluble, protonated form at pH2.5

B. the basic drug promethazine (pKa9.1) is more ionized at pH7.4 than at pH2.

C. absorption of a weakly basic drug is likely to occur faster from the intestine than from the stomach

D. acidification of the urine accelerates the secretion of a weak base, pKa = 8

E. unchanged molecules more readily cross cell membranes than charged molecules

3. Which of the following statements is correct

A. if 10mg of drug A produces the same response as 100mg of drug B, drug A is more efficacious than drug B.

B. the greater the efficacy, the greater the potency of a drug

C. in selecting a drug, potency is usually more important than efficacy

D. a competitive antagonist increases ED50

E. variation in response to a drug among different individuals is most likely to occur with a drug showing a large therapeutic index

4. Drugs showing zero-order kinetics of elimination

A. are more common than those showing first order kinetics

B. decrease in concentration expontially with time

C. have a half-life independent of dose

D. show a plot of drug concentration versus time that is linear

E. show a constant fraction of the drug eliminated per unit time

6. The drugs that can pass across the blood brain barrier are

A. small in molecular weight and ionized drugs

B. small in molecular weight and nonionized drugs

C. large in molecular weight and ionized drugs

D. large in molecular weight and nonionized drugs

E. all of above are not true

7. A drug eliminated with first-order kinetics, the concentration of the drug in plasma is 100mg/L at 9 am after administration of a single dose, and at 6 pm the drug plasma concentration is 12.5 mg/L. So, its t1/2 is

A. 4h

B. 5h

C. 6h

D. 3h

E. 12h

8. The maximal effect of a drug is called

A. potency

B. efficacy

C. affinity

D. toxic effect

E. margin of safety

9. Which of the following drugs has the largest therapeutic index ?

A. Drug A LD50=150mg, ED50=100mg

B. Drug B LD50=100mg, ED50=50mg

C. Drug C LD50=250mg, ED50=100mg

D. Drug D LD50=300mg, ED50=50mg

E. Drug E LD50=300mg, ED50=150mg

10. Among the following drugs, which will be excreted most quickly in acidic urine？

A. a weak acid drug with pKa of 5.5

B. a weak base drug with pKa of 7.5

C .a weak base drug with pKa of 4.5

D. a weak acid drug with pKa of 3.5

E. a weak base drug with pKa of 6.5

11. The mechanism of treating phenobarbital poisoning with bicarbonate sodium is that it

A. neutralizes Phenobarbital

B. stimulates Phenobarbital transference from the brain to the plasma

C. alkalinizes urine fluid, prevents Phenobarbital from reuptaking, and stimulates excretion of drug

D. both B and C are right

E. both A and C are right

12. A drug is administered in a single dose of 50 mg, after a period of time the plasma drug concentration is found to be 1mg/L.The apparent volume of distribution is

A. 10L

B. 20L

C. 30L

D .40L

E .50L

13. After repeated administration of phenobarbital sodium, the patients complain the drug is less useful, this phenomenon is called

A. tolerance

B. resistance

C. dependence

D. side reaction

E. residual effect

14. The study of the time course of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs in the body is called

A. pharmacology

B. pharmacokinetics

C. pharmacodynamics

D. pharmacy

E. pharmaceutics

15. The pharmacological mechanism of side effect is

A. overdose

B. low in selectivity

C. hypersensitivity

D. administration of drug for a long time

E. low in patient’s liver and kidney function

16. The half-life is

A. the time that the concentration of the drug in plasma declines by 50%

B. the time that the amount of the drug in the body declines by 50%

C. the time that half amount of the drug in the body are metabolized

D. the time that the effects of the drug decline in a half

E. all of above are wrong

17. Property of a partial agonist is

A. high affinity and high intrinsic activity

B. low affinity and low intrinsic activity

C. high affinity and low intrinsic activity

D. low affinity and high intrinsic activity

E. high affinity and no intrinsic activity

18. Aspirin is a weak acid with pKa of 3.5, what percentage of lipid-soluble form will be in the stomach juice with pH of 2.5

A. 0.99%

B. 9%

C. 9.09%

D. 90.9%

E. 99.9%

19. A narcotics addict is brought to the hospital in deep coma. His friends state that he took a large dose of morphine 6 hours earlier. An immediate blood analysis shows a morphine blood level of 0.25mg/L. Assuming the pharmacokinetic parameter of morphine in this patient are Vd = 200L and half-life time equal to 3 hours, how much morphine did the patient were injected 6 hours earlier?

A. 25mg

B. B.50mg

C. C.100mg

D. D.200mg

E. E. too few date to predict

20. The bioavailability is

A. the quantity of drug absorbed after oral administration

B. the rate of drug absorbed after oral administration

C. the ratio of AUC(oral)/AUC(intravenous)

C. the ratio of AUC (intravenous)/AUC(oral)

D. the area under curve of oral administration

E. the area under curve of intravenous administration

21. A weak base has pKa = 9, if the medium in which it is dissolved has a pH=7, what will be ratio of the concentrations of ionized to unionized forms of the base？

A. 100：1

B. 1：100

C. 10：1

D. 1000：1

E. 1：1

22. The first-pass elimination occurs most often after which route of drug administration

A. sublingual

B. subcutaneous

C. intravenous

D. intramuscular

E. oral

23. Therapeutic action for propranolol does NOT INCLUDE

A. atrial fibrillation

B. A-V block

C. hypertension

D. hyperthyroidism

E. angina pectoris

24. The effect of pilocarpine on eye is

A. miosis, increase intraocular pressure, accommodation of paralysis

B. miosis, decrease intraocular pressure, accommodation of spasm

C. mydiasis, decrease intraocular pressure, accommodation of paralysis

D. mydiasis, increase intraocular pressure, accommodation of spasm

E. mydiasis, increase intraocular pressure, accommodation of paralysis

25. The correct statement about epinephrine is that

A. inhibition of CNS is very strong

B. influence on metabolism is weak

C. it can produce tachycardia

D. it is only administered by iv

E. it can only activate ( agonist

26. The intoxication of tubocurarine can be antagonized by

A. atropine

B. adrenaline

C. neostigmine

D. dopamine

E. ephedrine

27. Patients with myasthenia gravis are more effectively treated with

A. epinephrine

B. propranolol

C. neostigmine

D. atropine

E. pilocarpine

28. β-antagonists can NOT be used in the treatment of

A．hypertension

B．bronchial asthma

C．tachycardia

D．angina pectoris

E．hyperthyroidism

29. The main mechanism of atropine in the treatment of shock is

A．inhibiting vagus nerve to stimulate heart

B．dilating vessels and improving microcirculation

C．dilating bronchiole

D．stimulating CNS and improving respiratory

E. dilating coronary and renal vessels

30. which is NOT the indication of phentolamine?

A．shock

B．diagnosis of pheochromacytoma

C．male sexual dysfunction

D．primary hypertension

E．peripheral vascular occlusive disorders

31. The released NE is disposed mainly by

A．the metabolism in the liver

B．enzymatic inactivation

C．reuptake by the neuronal terminal

D．hydrolysis

E. MAO and COMT in the circulation

32. Soon after for a nap, a 4-year-old child is found convulsing. Flush and fever are apparent. The heart rate is 170/min, and the pupils are markedly dilated. Drug intoxication is suspected. The most probable cause is

A．an organophosphate-containing insecticide

B．FeSO4

C．amphetamine-containing diet pills

D．pilocarpine-containing eye drops

E．atropine-containing medication

33. Which of the following drugs can be used in treatment of glaucoma?

A. neostigmine

B. pilocarpine

C. phentolamine

D. norepinephrine

E. atropine

34. Which one is NOT the mechanism for epinephrine in the treatment of allergic shock？

A. cardiac stimulation

B. vasoconstriction to increase blood pressure

C. reduce the release of allergic substance

D. bronchial dilation

E. improve microcirculation

35. Which of the following therapeutic projects would be used in the treatment of patient with serious organophosphate intoxication?

A．atropine + norepinephrine

B．atopine+ neostigmine

C．atropine + pralidoxime iodide

D．atropine + epinephrine

E．atropine + morphine

36. The main route of inactivation of Ach is that

A．it is destroyed by MAO

B．it is destroyed by COMT

C．it is retaken into the cytoplasm

D．it is hydrolyzed by cholinesterase

E．A+B

37. Epinephrine is used in local anesthetic solution in order to

A．offset arrhythmic effect on the heart

B．increase the potency of the local anesthetic

C．offset negative inotropic actions on the heart

D．reduce the rate of absorption of the local anesthetic and prolong its duration

E．all of them

38. The elevated blood pressure caused by epinephrine may be reversed by

A．propranolol

B．phentolamine

C．norepinephrine

D．nicotine

E．atropine

39. Atropine has the following effects EXCEPT

A．mydiasis

B．spasm of accommodation

C．increase intraocular pressure

D．decrease salivary secretion

E．stimulation of CNS in larger dose

40. Which is correct description about the β-adrenoceptor effect?

A．both cardiac excitation and bronchial dilation belong to β1 effect

B．both cardiac excitation and bronchial dilation belong to β2 effect

C．both cardiac excitation and vascular dilation belong to β1 effect

D．both cardiac excitation and vascular dilation belong to β2 effect

E．both vascular dilation and bronchial dilation belong to β2 effect

41. Scopolamine is contraindicated in patients with

A．glaucoma

B．gastrospasm

C．organophosphate poisoning

D．infectious shock

E．parkinsonism

42. d-tubocurarine can mainly block

A. N1-receptor

B. N2-receptor

C. M-receptor

D. β1-receptor

E. β2-receptor

43. Which of the following does NOT belong to muscarinic actions caused by M-receptor activation?

A. Heart depression

B. Vessel dilation

C. Smooth muscle contraction

D. Glands secretion increased

E. Mydriasis

44. Which of the following is the drug of choice in the treatment of cardiac arrest?

A. Atropine

B. Epinephrine

C. Norepinephrine

D. Isoprenalin

E. Lidocaine

45. Which of the following is the drug of choice in the treatment of open-angle glucoma?

A. Pilocarpine

B. Neostigmine

C. Epinephrine

D. Timolol

E. Atropine

Type X（Multiple-choice questions）

1. an antagonost

A. has similar receptor binding affinity to the agonist

B. has similar efficacy to the agonist

C. is always competitive

D. has low intrinsic activity

E. will shift the agonists dose-response curve to the right

2. Factor(s) affecting distribution of a drug include(s)

A. binding of the drug to plasma proteins

B. pH of body fluids

C. blood brain barrier

D. affinity to certain tissues

E. pKa of the drug

3. Which of the following would be expected in a severe case of organophosphate poisoning?

A. salivation

B. tremor of skeletal muscle

C. dry skin

D. bronchoconstriction

E. coma

4. When you treat a patient with atropine, which of the following side effects would be endure?

A. dry mouth

B. tachycardia

C. mydriasis

D. urinary retention

E. fever

5. Which of the following receptors locate(s) on the vessels?

A. α-receptor

B. N2-receptor

C. M-receptor

D. β1-receptor

E. β2-receptor

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download