Sad18742b86afa147.jimcontent.com



Lab Experiment#01Student’s Name: Student’sID:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title:Introduction to Microsoft paint & different 2D shapes.Objective:To understand Microsoft paint & different 2D shapesINTROUDCTION TO MICROSOFT PAINTPaint (formerly Paintbrush for Windows) is a simple graphics painting program that has been included with almost all versions of Microsoft Windows since its first release. It is often referred to as MS Paint or Microsoft Paint. The program opens and saves files as Windows bitmap (24-bit, 256 color, 16 color, and monochrome, all with the .bmp extension), JPEG, GIF (without animation or transparency, although the Windows 98 version and a Windows 95 upgrade did support the latter), PNG (without alpha channel), and TIFF (without the multiple3634105-1668780pages). The program can be in color mode or two-color black-and-white, but there is no grayscale mode. For its simplicity, it rapidly became one of the most used applications in the early versions of Windows—introducing many to painting on a computer for the first time—and still has strong associations with the immediate usability of the old Windows workspace.2D SHAPES:The Shapes which have only two dimensions (length & breadth), are called 2D Shapes.-12065146685Line:Distance between any two points is called a Line.-16510262255Circle:A Geometrical shape, which is equidistant from a Fixed Point. The Fixed point is called Centre of Circle.-16510354330Polygons:A polygon is a multisided plane figure of any number of sides (more than two).89535334010Triangle:A Triangle is a three sided polygon. The Sum of Interior Angles is 180 degrees.-7620336550Quadrilaterals:A quadrilateral is a four sided polygon of any shape. The Sum of Interior angles of Quadrilateral is 360 degrees.-132080142875Rectangle:A Geometrical shape, having opposite sides equal and all angles of 90 degree.Square:A geometrical shape, having all four sides equal in Length and each angle of 90 degrees.lefttopTASK:A Square of 100 x 100:In the Tools Toolbar (on Left hand side) in MS-Paint there is a option to Draw Rectangle, click on it. Click and Drag anywhere in working Area of MS-Paint, you will see on Right-Bottom of MS-Paint, there is a Dimension of Mouse from the point of Click. Drag the Mouse till they become 100x100, and then release the mouse button.2240280130175Observation:2D shapes have been understand and made on Ms –Paint with their Dimensions-869956420485Complete Following Tasks:Draw a square of 50 x 50 DimensionDraw a rectangle of 300 x 200 DimensionDraw a Circle of 302 x 300 DimensionDraw a Quadrilateral of 271 x 211 DimensionDraw a Polygon of 510 x 220 DimensionNote: Attach above Tasks with your Handouts Lab Experiment#02Student’s Name: Student’sID:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title:Introduction to 3D shapes.Objective:To understand different 3D shapes3D Shapes:Any geometrical shape of 3Dimensions (i.e. Length, breadth and Thickness), is called 3DShape.In Microsoft Paint, the Basic 3D shapes are:-87630134620Cone:A cone has a circular base, while the other end is a fixed vertex. The line from the centre of base to the fixed point is called Axis. If the axis is perpendicular to the base then the cone is Right Cone otherwise it is oblique Cone.-221615579120Cube:A cube is a geometrical shape of 3 Dimensions, Length, width and height. All sides and angles of a cube are equal.-227965549910Cylinder:A cylinder has two parallel circular surfaces joined together with lines. If the centre of both the circular faces is perpendicular then its Right Cylinder otherwise it’s Oblique Cylinder.31750338455Sphere:A three dimension circular surface.Draw a cube of 100 x 100?Theory:A 3D shape having all sides and all angles equal.0-156845Procedure:From Tools Bar take rectangle, check the dimensions at bottom of ms-paint, click and drag till the second dimensions bar shows 100x100.Now draw another rectangle same way but from point 50x50. and join the angles / edges respectivily.Observation:3D shapes of different Dimensions are verifiedComplete Following Tasks:Draw a Cube of 300x300Draw a Cube of 100x100Draw a Cube of 500x500Draw a 3D Quadrilateral of 300x300Draw a 3D Quadrilateral of 400x400Draw a 3D Quadrilateral of 500x500Note: Attach above Tasks with your HandoutsLab Experiment#03Student’s Name: Student’sID:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title:Introductionand Installation to AutoCAD 2010.Objective:To Understand Installation StepsTo Understand AutoCAD 2010 INSTALLATION AUTODESK AUTOCAD 2010 STEPS:Insert CD into the CD-ROM or Backup from UsbStart SETUP.EXE from AutoCAD 2010 DirectorySCREEN # 1aSCREEN # 1bSCREEN # 2Click NEXTClick I ACCEPT and then Click NEXT285115101600SCREEN # 3SCREEN # 4SCREEN # 5Enter Serial # as 000-00000000 and Click NEXTEnter PERSONAL INFO and Click NEXTSelect INSTALLATION TYPE [Better suggested is TYPICAL] and Click NEXT342900112395SCREEN # 6SCREEN # 7SCREEN # 8Enter PATH (to Install AutoCAD) and Click NEXTSelect TEXT EDITOR(default is: C:\WINDOWS\NOTEPAD.EXE) and Click NEXT. Click NEXT to Begin Installation in Next Screen. 11.Uncheck YES, I WANT TO VIEW THE README and Click NEXTREGISTRATION PROCEDURE:Copy “adlmint.dll” your installation directory and overwrite the existing file.UNINSTALLING AUTODESK AUTOCAD 2010 STEPS:Go to CONTROL PANELDouble Click ADD & REMOVE PROGRAMSSelect AUTODESK AUTOCAD 2010 from LIST of Programs and Click REMOVE the Following Sequence of Screens will appear and Program will be uninstalled. INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD 2010:Before you begin creating drawings, you should familiarize yourself with the interface.After completing this lesson, you will be able to start the application, activate the appropriate Workspace, and identify key parts of the interface.The following image identifies key interface elements in Fig 01 Figure01You launch AutoCAD in the same way you launch other Windows applications, using one of thefollowing two methods:Double-click the AutoCAD 2010 icon on the Windows desktop.Click Start > All Programs (or Programs) > Autodesk > AutoCAD 2010 > AutoCAD 2010When you launch the application, the interface elements displayed are only those associated with the active workspace. A workspace is a task-oriented drawing environment oriented in such a way as to provide you with only the tools and interface elements necessary to accomplish the tasks relevant to that environment. By default, AutoCAD has four workspace configurations:2D Drafting & Annotation3D ModelingAutoCAD ClassicInitial Setup Workspace After you start the program you can switch to the desired workspace. The application will open with the last workspace used. The Workspace Switching dropdown list is accessed in the lower right corner of the AutoCAD window on the Status Bar shown in fig02 Fig02RIBBON CONTROLS: Ribbon Controls shown in Fig03Fig03Application Menu:You can use the Application Menu to access several key commands such as New, Open, Save, Print, and Close.Most of these commands lead to submenus that give you more detailed options Shown in Fig04Fig04Status Bar:The status bar is located at the bottom of the application window. The left end of the status bar displays the coordinates that show the numerical position of the crosshairs in the drawing. Click this area to turn the coordinate display off or on. In the on position, there are two possibilities. The readout displays the X, Y, Z values, or the distance and polar angle of the crosshairs as it is moved in the drawing window.Coordinates Display:To the right of the Coordinates Display, there are buttons that activate features to facilitate drawingConstruction. Collectively, these features are termed drafting settings.Drafting Settings:In the middle-right of the status bar are buttons to display the drawing model or the drawing layoutviews.Model Space and Layout Settings:To the right of the Model Space and Layout buttons are the realtime Pan command and the Zoomcommand.Pan and Zoom:Towards the right side of the status bar are the Annotation options for the display of annotativeobjects such as text and dimensions. When you create annotations with the annotative propertyselected, the Annotation Scale displayed in the status bar represents the scale in which the newobjects are created.Axis:?Axis is the configuration / View of the Working Area, Normally it is in 2D (i.e. X-Axis & Y-Axis) but it can be rotated according to the view of object on the Screen. “3dorbit” command is used to make is rotate and to view its 3D figure (i.e. X-Axis, Y-Axis & Z-Axis).?Command Line:It is bottom portion of Autodesk's AutoCAD 2010. It is a Command Line, which is mostly used for drafting means for Accurate Measurements to check out Errors or Defects before Assembling.Drawing Area:The Area / Space at which all work is to be performed. It is a Platform for all drawing and drafting work. In this Area 2D and 3D shapes can be creating / viewed.Answer the following questions:-Q.01. Whatare steps for Installation of AutoCAD 2010?Q.02 Why AutoCAD 2010 used for?Q.03 list workspace configurations of AutoCAD 2010?Lab Experiment#05Student’s Name: Student’sID:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title:Draw Basic Drawing Shapes in AutoCAD 2010.Objective: To Understand Drawing of Shapes using Command To Understand Drawing of Shapes using ToolsTheory:As we draw different auto shapes in paint, Auto Cad also provides us some basic auto shapes which are very much easy to draw. For example we can draw triangles, rectangles, squares, circles and all types of polygons with the help of various tools offered by Auto Cad.Drawing In Auto Cad:Method: There are many ways to do things in most windows programs. AutoCAD is no exception. Everyone will develop a way that works best for him or her. In this course, we will primarily be working with the keystroke commands. The reason for this is because they will work in most AutoCAD versions (including DOS versions), and in some other CAD programs. The icons work well, but as you will see, icons can be placed anywhere on the screen and can be difficult to find quickly. The pull-down menus will access almost all commands, but are a slower way of doing things.How To Make Different Graphical Shaped In Auto Cad By Command Line Interface?Circle:At the command line type: Circle (or) C and press the ENTER key. Then Command Line will prompt for Center Point, Radius and then it will be made on the Auto Cad screen.You can also make it by just clicking on the Circle icon or first Draw >Circle > Center, Radius it will draw a circle based on a center point and radius.Rectangle:At the command line type: Rectangle and press the ENTER key. Then Command Line will prompt for First corner and the Other Corner and then it will be made on the Auto Cad screen.You can also make it by just clicking on the rectangle icon or first Draw >Rectangle > Then click on the screen where u want to make it but choosing suitable selections.Square:At the command line type: Rectangle and press the ENTER key. Then Command Line will prompt for First corner and the Other Corner and then you will have to type the corner such that it, it will make a square on the Auto Cad screen.You can also make it by just click on the rectangle icon or first Draw >Rectangle > Then click on the screen where u want to make it but choosing suitable selections. Note it the selection must be for making a square.Polygon:At the command line type: Polygon and press the ENTER key. Then Command Line will prompt for No of the sides, Center of Polygon, Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle (I/C) and then Radius of the Circle and then it will be made on the Auto Cad screen.You can also make it by just click on the Polygon icon or first Draw > Polygon > Then click on the screen where u want to make it but choosing suitable selections.Triangle:At the command line type: Polygon and press the ENTER key. Then Command Line will prompt for No of the sides, Center of Polygon, Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle (I/C) and then Radius of the Circle and then it will be made on the Auto Cad screen. But u must enter 3 sides.You can also make it by just click on the Polygon icon or first Draw > Polygon > Then click on the screen where u want to make it but choosing suitable selections. Complete Following Exercises:Lab Experiment#06Student’s Name: Student’sID:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title:Drawing Line in all Possible Ways and How to use Line Command in AutoCADObjective:To familiar with line command & draw a line by all possible ways.Theory:Line:Distance between any two points is called a Line. OR Line is collection of points in straight direction. OR Line is the shortest possible distance between two points.-74295-513715Procedure:In AutoCAD it can there are four ways to draw a Line, which are:Drawing Toolbar Draw Menu Command Line o Using Lengtho Using Co-ordinate SystemFrom Drawing Toolbar:Select Line Tool from Drawing Toolbar and Click on one place for first point and then on second place for 2nd point.From Draw Menu:Select Line from Draw Menu and Click on one place for first point and then on second place for 2nd point.24130-347345From Command Line:There are two methods to draw a Line from Command Line, which are:Using Length (@....) Using Co-Ordinate System (x, y, z axis Location) Syntax1: Line Syntax2: lUsing Length:This technique is used when we have to create a line of Some Length (in mm, cm or meters), In this case we just have to enter initial values (i.e. First Point Value) and then @ Command is used to specify length from current point (from first point selected).-1047115114300Command: lineSpecify first point: 10,10Specify next point or [Undo]: @10,5 Specify next point or [Undo]: *Cancel*Using these value options we have created a Line of 10m in X-Axis & 5 m in Y-Axis. Its co-ordinates will be from 10,10 to 20,15.Using Co-ordinate System:This technique is used when we know both the point values in co-ordinates (x, y).Command: lineSpecify first point: 10,10Specify next point or [Undo]: 20,15Specify next point or [Undo]: *Cancel*DRAW A SQUARE OF SIZE 10X10?Theory:A 2D Geometrical shape, which has all sides equal and all angles of 90 degrees.Procedure:To get the accurate Reading, this square has been drawn by using Command mand: lineSpecify first point: 5,5Specify next point or [Undo]: 15,5Specify next point or [Undo]: 15,15Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5,15Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 5,5Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: *Cancel*-869954829810Complete the following Tasks:Draw the square of Size 20x20 using Line Command in AutoCADDraw the square of Size 100x100 using Line Command in AutoCADDraw the square of Size 50x50 using Line @Command in AutoCADDraw the square of Size 100x100 using Line @Command in AutoCADNote: Please Mention Linear Dimensions of All tasks .Lab Experiment#04Student’s Name: Student’sID:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title:Changing views in the drawing window Objective:Understanding the change of drawing views in AutoCAD Theory Four zoom and Pan Tools are in standard toolbar shown in Fig01. Panning your drawing simply means that shift the display of the drawing with in the drawing window, while maintaining the same magnification. Zooming increases or reduces the magnification-thus, little magnifying glass icon on the tools.Fig01Pan Realtime:Press pick button and move cursor to pan [Enter or Esc to exit].This simple means that by picking anywhere on your screen (with the left mouse button_ and dragging the pan cursor, you dynamically shift the display of the drawing.Zoom Realtime: Press pick button and move cursor vertically to pan. The emphasis is here to the word vertically. Then using this tool, just pick and drag the zoom cursor up to dynamically increases the magnification of the drawing.Zoom Window: A window can be defined by its two diagonal corners that bound the area you want to magnify.Zoom Previous: Choose zoom previous to return the previous display in the drawing window.To Display the Entire Drawing and Extend:From the view menu, choose Zoom All or Zoom mand Prompt: ZOOM ALL, ZOOM Extents.GRIDThe GRID command controls the display of a grid of alignment dots to help you place objects in drawings.Format: GRIDGrid Spacing (X) or ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect<current>:Note: You can also turn GRID on and off using the F7 key or CTRL+GSNAPThe SNAP command lets you control the snap resolution, the spacing of an imaginary grid of dots with which newly designated points must align. You can alter the resolution or turn it off entirely for freestyle drawing.Format: SNAP Snap spacing or ON/OFF/Aspect/Rotate/Style<current>:Note: Snap can be turned on and off with the F9 key or CTRL+B.OrthoThe ORTHO command lets you control orthogonal drawing mode. When orthogonal mode, also known as “ortho” mode, is set to ON, movement within the drawing is constrained to the vertical and horizontal axes, as these are defined in the current Snap grid.Format: ORTHOOFF/ON<current>:Note: ORTHO can be turned on and off with the F8 key or CTRL+O.BLIPMODEThe BLIPMODE command controls the generation of marker “blips” – the small temporary marks drawn whenever you designate a point.Format: BLIPMODEON/OFF<current>:Command OptionsON Blips are drawnOFF Blips are suppressed.BLIPMODE is also a system variable. Use the SETVAR command to set blip markers , as described below. The value stored is an integer and is saved in the drawing file.Variable OptionsBlip markers are set off.Blip markers are set on.Tasks to be performed:Implement the different methods to change the drawing views. Also explore the command like snap, Grid, Ortho, Zoom and blip mode etc. Lab Experiment#07Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Creating Elementary Objects in AutoCAD 2010ObjectUnderstanding how to create elementary objects and getting familiar with its commands.TheoryAlmost all AutoCAD drawings are comprised of a few relatively basic shapes and forms. Circle, arcs, lines, rectangles, polygons, donut and ellipses are the basic elements from which both simple and complicated drawings are made.This subject covers the following information:-Using the LINE command.-Using the ARC command.-Using the CIRCLE command.-Using the POLYGON command.-Drawing DONUTS.-Drawing ELLIPSES.USING THE LINE COMMAND.The LINE command lets you draw straight lines. You can specify the desired endpoints using either 2D or 3D coordinates, or a combination of the two. If you enter 2D coordinates, AutoCAD uses the current elevation as the Z component of the point.The line command is straight forward and easy to use. It offers the following features.From Point: Your input specifies the first point of the first line segment. Press Enter for continuation.To Point : Your input specifies the next point where the line segment is to be draw from previous point.Undo : Enter u (undo) to undo the last time segment drawn.Close : Enter C (close) to close a series of two or more line segments.Example:(Working in Metric System)Enter the LINE command:LINEPress EnterFrom Point: 2, 2Press EnterTo Point :@5<0 Press EnterTo Point :@2<90 Press EnterTo Point :@5<180 Press EnterTo Point :CTRL+C Press EnterUSING ARC COMMANDThe ARC command is used to draw circular arcs. Its several options make construction an arc with a variety of known parameters such as center, start point, chord length, and radius and so on much easier than with traditional manual drafting method. Starting the Arc command by using the following AutoCAD’s submenu provides a shortcut through the longer prompt choices provided at the command prompt:The ARC command draws an arc (circle segment) as specified by any of the following methods:Three points on the arcStart point, center, endpointStart point, center, included angleStart point, center, length of chordStart point, endpoint, radiusStart point, endpoint, include angleStart point, endpoint, starting directionContinuation of previous line or arc 3-pointFormat:ArcCenter/<Start point>:Enter a pointCenter/End/<Second Point>:Enter a pointEndpoint:Enter a pointUSING CIRCLE COMMANDAnother basic AutoCAD shape is circle. Circle is used to represent holes, wheels, shafts, column, trees and so on. The circle command provides you with several options to control the sequence in which you create circle. The circle command offers the following options:-Center point:This is the default option-Radius:Pick two points to show a distance for the radius.-Diameter:Enter a distance or pick two points to show a radius. -3p (3 Points):To specify the circumference by entering or picking three points.-2p (2 Points):To specify two diameter points on the Circumference.-TTR:(Tangent, Tangent, Radius)To select two lines, arcs or circle that from tangents to the circle. They specify the circle’s radius.The CIRCLE command draws a circle as specified by any one of four methods.Format:Circle3P/2P/TTR/<center point>:Enter a point.Diameter/<Radius>:Enter radius value.USING POLYGON COMMANDSIn AutoCAD, the POLYGON command is used to create regular polygons with sides of equal length. You can draw Polygon composed of from 3 to 1024 sides. After you specify the number of sides, several options are available to complete the Polygon.Format:PolygonNumber of sides<default>:Enter a number or press Edge/<Center of Polygon>: Enter a PointInscribed in Circle/Circumscribed about circle<I/C>:IRadius of Circle:EXERCISEStart the polygon command. Choose draw Polygon. Answer the prompts as follows:Polygon number of sides<4>:6Edge/<center of polygon>:62, 112Inscribed in circle/ Circumscribed about circle (I/C):CRadius of circle:6DRAWING ELLIPSESEllipses have both a major axis and minor axis. When you issue the Ellipse command the following prompt appear.Arc/Center/< Axis end point =1>:The ELLIPSE command lets you draw ellipses.Format:ELLIPSE<Axis endpoint1>/Center:Enter a point or C.Axis Enpoint 2:Enter a point<Other axis distance>/Rotation:DONUTThe DONUT (or DOUGHNUT) command draws a filled circle or ring.Format:DOUGHNUTInside diameter<last>:Enter a value or two points.Outside diameter<last>:Enter a value or two points.Center of doughnut:Enter a point.The “Center of doughnut” prompt is repeated for multiple locations of the doughnuts.A null response ends the DOUGHNUT command.The Doughnut command constructs a closed Polyline (composed of wide arc segments) represents the specified object. Consequently, you can edit the resulting doughnut with PEDIT or any other editing command that operate on Polylines. The solid filling of doughnuts is subject to FILL mode.TASKS To be PerformedPractice the following commands in your drawing file.-LINE command.-Arc command.-CIRCLE command.-POLYGON command.-Drawing DONUT.-Drawing ELLIPSES. Lab Experiment#08Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Creating ray, construction line & rectangle and draw rectangle by different ways in AutoCAD.OBJECT: To familiar with ray, construction line & rectangle and draw rectangle by different ways?Theory:Ray: It is a Helping line used in drawing / drafting for accurate (Near to Accurate) Measurements, or Accurate Shape Size. It is also non-terminated line but its one end is fixed and other is non-terminated. It is helping Line, So it will not be Printed.-19050-665480-247650635Construction Line: It is also an Helping Line having both Ends non-Terminated. It is used for measurement Accuracy in Drafting / Drawing. It is also non-printable Line.Rectangle: It is the type of quadrilateral.in which opposite sides are parallel and are equal & all angles are of 90 degrees.73025-288925Procedure:Ray: This ray line can be drawn from Drawing toolbar, Draw Menu and using command “ray”. It can be draw manually as well as from command line & by using “from” option.Construction Line: This line can be drawn from Drawing toolbar, Draw Menu and using command “xline”. It can be draw manually as well as from command line & by using “from” option.Rectangle:In autocad the option of rectangle is available.u can draw simply by select the rectangle from toolbar and draw it on Working Area. The second way is by command line simply type27305-464185Command: rectangleSpecify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 5,5 Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: 10,10Second Method:If you want to make the rectangle of exact length and width. You can use this command as follow(6 x 7 rectangle)27305150495Command: rec27305-123825RECTANG27305-120650Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 5,527305-255270Specify other corner point or 2857513335 [Dimensions]: d Specify length for rectangles <0.0000>: 6 Specify width for rectangles <0.0000>: 7 Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: 12,13Third Method:To make two rectangles, which are equi-distant from each otherExample # 1:Command: rectangleSpecify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 10,10 Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: 20,20Command: rectangleSpecify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: from Base point: 10,10<Offset>: @-5,-5Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: fromBase point: 20,20<Offset>: @5,5Example # 2:Command: rectangleSpecify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 40,10 Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: 50,20Command: rectangleSpecify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: fromBase point: 40,10 <Offset>: @-5,-5Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: from Base point: 50,20<Offset>: @-5,-5Tasks to be solved:Draw the rectangle of 9x13 Dimensions by all three methods discussed above Lab Experiment#09Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Explore Polyline & all attributes in AutoCADObject: To familiar with polyline & explore all attributes arguments ofpolyline?Theory:Polyline: It is a multi-pupose line contains more than just a line specialities. It has Special features of Arc, Width, Angle etc., which can be used at any instant in use of polyline.Attributes / Arguments / Parameters:Parameters: Arc, Halfwidth, Length, Undo, Width, CloseCommand: plineSpecify start point: 5,6 Current line-width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10,6 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 12,10 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: c5030470-342900Arc: It is used to draw a part of circumference of Circle.Sub Parameters: Angle, CEnter, CLose, Direction, Halfwidth, Line, Radius, Second pt, Undo, WidthAngle: It is used to give the angle at which to start the arc.4523105-15875Specify included angle: 3044970709525CEnter: Center point to Draw a arc.Specify center point of arc: 15, 15CLose: Ends the Current Function/ Command & Joins First a LastPoint through Running Condition / Parameter.[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: d-49530-163195Specify the tangent direction for the start point of arc: (manually) Specify endpoint of the arc: (manually)Specify endpoint of arc or[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: ClDirection: It is used to define the direction of Arc(either circumference of arc should be on top or bottom of Working Position.3797935-17780Without Direction: Without Direction Arc can only beWithout DirectionWith Directiondrawn to bottom or top(means end point of arc). In thiscase Its circumference can not be raised upwards to downwards but can be raised left-wards and right-wards.With Direction: With the help of Sub-parameter Direction(d), arc can be drawn with its start and end point on same plane and its circumference raised upwards or4243070-116840downwards.Width: It asks for Starting Width and End Width and Draws the Shape in increasing width order or decreasing width Order.Line: Draws a Line to Sends the Pline to Line, to draw a line.Radius*: It is the value, which is usually asked in between the commands but if we provide the radius it might not ask between the commands.5111750-33020Second Pt: It asks a point from which arc must pass through. OR it is a point on Arc.-142875-327025Length: It asks for the length of Line in x,y and z axis.Undo: This cancels your last done action or change.Close: This ends the drawing at the instant(current / Last) stage. But also connects the starting pont and End mand: plineSpecify start point: 5,6Current line-width is 0.000039370-8890Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 10,6 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 12,10 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: cTO DRAW THE TOMB OF QUAID-I-AZAM?Command: pline69850-48260Specify start point: 5,5 Current line-width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: l Specify length of line: 0,5Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: aSpecify endpoint of arc or [Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: dSpecify the tangent direction for the start point of arc: 10,10Specify endpoint of the arc: 15,5 Specify endpoint of arc or[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: lSpecify endpoint of arc or [Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: lSpecify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 20,5 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 20,20 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 18,20Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: aSpecify endpoint of arc or [Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: d Specify the tangent direction for the start point of arc: 18,22Specify endpoint of the arc: 7,20 Specify endpoint of arc or[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: lSpecify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 5,20 Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 5,5Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: cTasks to be performed:Implement Above tasks in AutoCAD and attach it with your handout. -869954712970 Lab Experiment#10Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Exploring Polygon with its arguments in AutoCADObject: To familiar with polygon & explore all its attributes / arguments of polygon?Theory:Polygon: Any closed shape having more than two sides called polygon. OR A plane shape having three or more sides is called as polygon.There are two types of polygons:Inscribed in circle Circumscribed about circle Inscribed In Circle: Means whenpolygon can fit inside a circle. In this case edges of polygon will touch the circumference of circle.Circumscribed about circle: In this case a circle can fit inside a polygon and the circumference of circle will touch the sides of polygon.Attributes / Arguments / Parameters:Parameters: Center and EdgeUsing Center: When drawing the polygon by providing its center point and radius.Sub parameters: Inscribed in circle & Circumscribed about circleInscribed in circle: A Polygon whose edges (Angles) should touch the circumference of circle when placed in circle of same radius, is called Inscribed In Circle.-711204445Command: polygonEnter number of sides <5>: 5Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 15, 12.5Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: i Specify radius of circle: 5Circumscribed about circle: A Polygon whose sides touches the circumeference of circle, when a circle of same radius is drawn, is called Circumscribed About mand: polygon-92075-57785Enter number of sides <5>: 5Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 15,12.5Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: c Specify radius of circle: 5These are both polygons of same size, same shape, same radius and at same centre point/location. But are different in Look, it is because of Circum / Inscibed Circle.Using Edge: When drawing a polygon by providing its any two Ponts (angle Point).-10604532385Enter number of sides <4>: 5Center of Polygon or [Edge]: eSpecify first endpoint of edge: 10, 10Specify second endpoint of edge: 20, 15Tasks to be Performed:Implement Above tasks in AutoCAD and attach it with your handout Lab Experiment#11Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Exploring Circle, Arc with its arguments in AutoCADObject: To familiar with circle & arc and explore all their attributes / arguments?Theory:Circle: A locus of points, moving in such a way that its distance from a fixed point is constant. The Fixed point is called Centre of Circle.Arc: It is a part of circumference of circle.Attributes / Arguments / Parameters:ARCParameters: Center, Angle, ChordNormally: Normally it asks three points First or Start Point, center or any point from which to pass & end or Finish Point of Arc.Center: This asks for Center Point, Start and End mand: arcSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: c Specify center point of arc: 10,10Specify start point of arc: 5,5Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: 15,15Center further have 2 parameters: Angle & ChordAngle: This asks Center Point, First/Start Point and mand: arcSpecify start point of arc or [Center]: c53340-117475Specify center point of arc: 5,5Specify start point of arc: 10,10Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: aSpecify included angle: 60Chord: Chord asks Center Point, First/Start Point of Arc and Length of mand: arc45720-59690Specify start point of arc or [Center]: cSpecify center point of arc: 5,5 Specify start point of arc: 10,10Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: L Specify length of chord: 6CIRCLE4945380-53975Parameters: 3P, 2P, ttr(Tan Tan Radius)r cNormally: It asks for Center Point and radius.3P: It asks for Three Points from which to draw circle, it automatically detects the radius from these three points-4953091440Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 3p Specify first point on circle: 5,2Specify second point on circle: 5,10 Specify third point on circle: 10,52P: It asks for Two points from which to draw circle and automatically detects radius from the points.Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 2p-23495-100965Specify first end point of circle's diameter: 5,5Specify second end point of circle's diameter: 10,10Ttr (tan Tan Radius): It draws a circle with reference of any other shape and asks for two points and radius.CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: t48895-193675Specify point on object for first tangent of circle: (manually selected edge point of triangle)Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: (manually selected edge point of triangle)Specify radius of circle <3.5355>: 5ORIt asks for any two points on an object and auto detects its center and asks for Radius.-86360147320CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: t Specify point on object for first tangent of circle: (manually selected edge point of triangle)Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: (manually selected edge point of triangle)Specify radius of circle <5.0000>: 136830171450The Two Figures using above two examples of TTR.Tasks to be Performed:Implement Above tasks in AutoCAD and attach it with your handout Lab Experiment#12Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Exploring Ellipse, Ellipse Arc and Spline with its arguments in AutoCADObject: To familiar with ellipse, ellipse arc & spline and explore all their attributes / arguments?Theory:ELLIPSE:A closed figure drawn on two axis namely horizontal and the vertical axis,when the distance from intersecting point of the axis to end points of both the axis is same,the figure is a circle.ELLIPSE ARCThe part of ellipse, is known as ellipse arc.SPLINESpline is used to make curved or zig-zag line.Attributes / Arguments / Parameters:ELLIPSEParameters: Arc, Centre, RotationNormally: Normally It asks three points to draw an Ellipse.-19050-70485Example:Command: ellipseSpecify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: 10,10Specify other endpoint of axis: 15,10Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 8ARC: It is same as Ellipse Arc. This Asks the same options and draws in same way but it draws only a part of an Ellipse. Moreover defined in Ellipse Arc.Centre: This asks Centre Point, one end point and distance to axis point to draw an Ellipse.Example:-571500command: ellipseSpecify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: cSpecify center of ellipse: 10,10Specify end point of axis: 20,10Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]: 6Rotation: It is sub-parameter of Centre and it makes an Ellipse on some rotation(provides) around Axis.Example: command: ellipse-37465-294640Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: c Specify center of ellipse: 10,10Specify end point of axis: 20,10Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]: r Specify rotation around major axis: 30ELLIPSE ARCSome Examples are Given below to draw an Ellipse Arc. The Procedure is same as of Drawing an Ellipse.1. By giving endpoints of an axis,rotation to major axis and the included angle:Command: ellipse-37465-22860Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc/center]:aSpecify axis end point of elliptical arc or [center]: 10,10 specify other end point of axis: 20,10Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]: r Specify rotation around major axis: 5,5 specify start angle or [parameter]: 45Specify end angle or [parameter/included angle]:i Specify included angle for arc<180>: 902. By giving center, endpoint of axis,start and the end angle:Command: ellipse-66675-21590Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc/center]:aSpecify axis end point of elliptical arc or [center]: cSpecify center of elliptical arc: 20,10 Specify end point of axis: 10,10Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:15,15Specify start angle or [parameter]: 90 Specify end angle or [parameter/included angle]:1803. By giving ParametersCommand: ellipse-8255-85090Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc/center]:a Specify axis end point of elliptical arc or [center]: 10,10specify other end point of axis: 20,10 Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]: r Specify rotation around major axis: 20,20 specify start angle or [parameter]: p Specify start parameter or [Angle]: 10,20specify end parameter or[Angle/Included angle]: 5,5SPLINEUsing Spline command:-28575-161925command:splineSpecify first point or [object]: 10,10 Specify next point: 12,12Specify next point or [close/fit tolerance] <start tangent>: 14,7 Specify next point or [close/fit tolerance]: 20,15Tasks to be Performed:Implement Above tasks in AutoCAD and attach it with your handout Lab Experiment#13Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Introducing 3D shapes in AutoCADObject: to become familiar with 3d-shapes & draw different 3d-shapes?THEORY:3D-SHAPES:The Geometrical Shapes drawn in x, y & z co-ordinates. Having three parameters are called 3D-Shapes.ORA Geometrical shape having three dimensions are called 3D-Shapes. Solids are the examples of 3D-Shapes.BOX: A 6 Faced Geometrical Shape. It can be Cube as well as parallelepiped.CONE: A 3D rouund Figure whose both faces (generally: top and bottom) are circular DISH: A 3D Figure of Half Sphere, whose locus is at the constant distance from a fixed point. MESH: A 3D Figure, like a plain paper in 3D Space.SPHERE: A Circular 3D figure, which is defined as “The Locus of a point, such that its distance from a fixed point always remain constant.TORUS: A 3D Figure like a car wheel tube, having one hole in its centre and the distance from a point in the centre of that hole and any point on tube is same.WEDGE: A 3D Figure of 5 faces, from which two are triangular, two are rectangular and one is square Figure.ATTRIBUTES / ARGUMENTS / PARAMETERS:Using “3D” command all 3D shapes in Auto CAD 2004 can be listed, which are: Box, Cone, Dish, Mesh, Sphere, Torus and Wedge.Note: The Figures will be made available in 2D View, to see its 3D View, “3dorbit” command is used and its different views can be seen through the rotation of figure through mouse (dragging).BOX:Parameters: CubeNormally: The required values are Centre, Length, Width, Height and Axis of Rotation at Z-mand: 3d Enter an option156845-207010[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: B Specify corner point of box: 15,15Specify length of box: 10Specify width of box or [Cube]: 15 Specify height of box: 12Specify rotation angle of box about the Z axis: 0Cube: After asking Length it give a choice to draw a cube(whose length, width and height are same) of size length, which is mand: 3d Enter an option39370-182245[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: B Specify corner point of box: 15,15Specify length of box: 10Specify width of box or [Cube]: cSpecify rotation angle of box about the Z axis: 60CONE:Parameters: DiameterNormally: The values required to draw a cone are: Centre of Base, Radius of Base, radius of top of Cone, Height and mand: 3d Enter an option83820-280035[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: C Specify center point for base of cone: 15,15Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 10 Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 0 Specify height of cone: 10Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: 16Diameter: In this all the information is same but instead of asking radius it asks for Diameter (Diameter = 2 x radius).DISH:Parameters: DiameterNormally: The required values are Centre of Dish, radius, longitudinal and Latitudinal mand: 3D Enter an option-15875-286385[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: DI Specify center point of dish: 15,15Specify radius of dish or [Diameter]: 10Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish <16>: 16Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>: 16Diameter: In this all the information is same but instead of asking radius it asks for Diameter (Diameter = 2 x radius).MESH:Parameters: <No Extra parameter>Normally: The required values are four corner points and Mesh size in M and N mand: 3d Enter an option-116840-202565[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: M Specify first corner point of mesh: 15,15,0Specify second corner point of mesh: 30,30,0 Specify third corner point of mesh: 34,15,80 Specify fourth corner point of mesh: 30,45,50 Enter mesh size in the M direction: 30Enter mesh size in the N direction: 20SPHERE: Parameters: DiameterNormally: The required values are centre point, radius and longitudinal and Latitudinal mand: 3D Enter an option-238760-269240[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: S Specify center point of sphere: 15,15Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: 10Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: 16Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: 16Diameter: In this all the information is same but instead of asking radius it asks for Diameter (Diameter = 2 x radius).TORUS: Parameters: DiameterNormally: The required values are centre point, radius of torus and tube & segments on mand: 3D Enter an option26035-222250[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: T Specify center point of torus: 15,15Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 20 Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 5Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: 16 Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: 16Diameter: In this all the information is same but instead of asking radius it asks for Diameter (Diameter = 2 x radius).WEDGE:Parameters: <No Extra Parameter>Normally: The required values are corner point, length, width, height and angle of rotation.100330142240Command: 3D Enter an option[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: W Specify corner point of wedge: 15,15Specify length of wedge: 10 Specify width of wedge: 12Specify height of wedge: 14Specify rotation angle of wedge about the Z axis: 30Tasks to be Performed:Implement Above tasks in AutoCAD and attach it with your handout Lab Experiment#14Student’s Name: Student’s:Date: Grade: Teacher’s Signature:Title: Projections of Point and Lines in Auto CAD.Object: Draw Projections of Point and Lines in Auto CAD.PROJECTION OF A POINT: A point may be situated, in space; in any one of the four quadrants formed by the two principal planes of the projections or may lie in any one or both of them. Its projections are obtained by extending projectors perpendicular to the planes. One of the planes is then rotated so that the first and the third quadrants are opened out. The projections are shown on the flat surface in their respective positions either above or below in xy.Projection of a Point in Auto Cad:962025210186A point is in 3 Units above H.p and 2 Units in front of V.p Draw its Projections?Projection of Straight Line: A straight line is the shortest distance between two points. Hence the projections of straight line may be drawn by joining the respective projections of its end which are points. The position of a straight line may also be described with respect to the two reference planes. It may be:Parallel to one or both the planes.Contained by one or both the planes.Perpendicular to one of the planes.Inclined to one plane and parallel to the other.Inclined to both planes.Projection of a Straight line in Auto Cad:800100220345A line is 5 units long and parallel to both and 2.5 units above H.P and In front of V.P?Tasks to be Performed:Implement Above tasks in AutoCAD and attach it with your handout ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download