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News in Review, February 2013

1. Hockey Lockout: A Season Saved (Length: 17:59)

2. Foreign Workers: Who Gets In? (Length: 16:45)

3. Chris Hadfield: Return to Space (Length: 14:24)

4. Hoaxes and Pranks: When the Joke Turns Tragic (Length: 12:47)

CONTENTS

IN THIS ISSUE 2

Hockey Lockout: A Season Saved

MINDS-ON ACTIVITY 4

SETTING THE STAGE 4

VIDEO REVIEW 6

ACTIVITY: Winning the Fans Back 10

ACTIVITY: Was the NHL lockout worth it? 11

ACTIVITY: Negotiating a Contract 12

Foreign Workers: Who Gets In?

ACTIVITY: Considering Personal Bias and Perspective 13

SETTING THE STAGE: That was then, this is now 14

VIDEO REVIEW 17

Chris Hadfield: Return to Space

MINDS-ON ACTIVITY 20

SETTING THE STAGE 20

VIDEO REVIEW 22

ACTIVITY: Singing with the Barenaked Ladies 25

ACTIVITY: Chris Hadfield – “Rock Star” 26

ACTIVITY: The Right Stuff – Life in Space 28

Hoaxes and Pranks: When the Joke Turns Tragic

MINDS-ON QUESTIONS 30

SETTING THE STAGE 30

VIDEO REVIEW 32

FOCUS FOR READING: Hoaxes and the Role of the Media 34

ACTIVITY: Famous Hoaxes 35

IN THIS ISSUE

Hockey Lockout: A Season Saved (Length: 17:59)

When the NHL locked out its players in the fall of 2012, many people thought yet another hockey season would be lost. But after months of tense negotiations, a new labour agreement was reached early in 2013. We look at the bargaining process and the key players behind the deal.

|News in Review Study Modules | |Related CBC Videos |

|The Vancouver Hockey Riot, March 2012 | |Don Cherry |

|The Vancouver Riot: What Went Wrong?, October 2011 | |Duck Ladies: Hockey Night in Disneyland |

|Hockey and the Concussion Debate, April 2011 | |Fall and Rise of Theo Fleury |

|Taking the Violence out of Hockey, April 2010 | | |

|Hockey Players and Life Lessons, May 2009 | | |

|Freezing the Puck: The NHL Lockout, | | |

|November 2004 | | |

|Jordin Tootoo: Hockey Night in Nunavut, | | |

|March 2003 | | |

|Les Canadiens: What Was Sold?, March 2001 | | |

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Foreign Workers: Who Gets In? (Length: 16:45)

Canada has been a destination for immigrants since the 1800s, and it’s something we’ve always been proud of as a nation. But now some of those immigrants are being accused of coming in and displacing Canadian workers, specifically taking jobs for lower pay. That’s got some Canadian workers mad.

|News in Review Study Modules | |Related CBC Videos |

|Generation One: Living in Two Worlds, April 2012 | |Education of Brian Nicholl |

|Changing Canada’s Immigration Rules, | |Pier 21: The Journey to New Beginnings |

|May 2008 | | |

|Quebec’s Big Accommodation Debate, December 2007 | | |

|Chinese Boat People: Human Cargo, | | |

|October 1999 | | |

Chris Hadfield: Return to Space (Length: 14:24)

Canadian born astronaut Chris Hadfield is in space for the third time. He’s on a five-month mission on the International Space Station but this time Chris will be in charge. And he’s taking his guitar and his Twitter account with him.

|News in Review Study Modules | |Related CBC Videos |

|Two Canadians Meet in Space, September 2009 | |Canada: Above and Beyond – 100 Years of Aviation |

|A Canadian Rides the Shuttle into Space, October 2006 | |Masters of Space |

|Next Floor Mars? The Space Elevator, April 2004 | |Planet Hunters |

|Mars Invasion: Exploring the Red Planet, March 2004 | |Sleep Famine |

|Shuttle Columbia: Disaster in the Skies, April 2003 | |When North Goes South |

|Mars: Exploring the Red Planet, April 2002 | | |

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Hoaxes and Pranks: When the Joke Turns Tragic (Length: 12:47)

Some Montreal students were a YouTube hit after creating a realistic looking video of an eagle seemingly snatching a child and trying to fly away. A short time later, another prank or hoax led to the death of a nurse in London. Where do we draw the line when making things up in the name of entertainment?

|News in Review Study Modules | |Related CBC Videos |

|Bill C-30 and Internet Privacy, April 2012 | |Facebook Follies |

|How Facebook Changed the World, April 2011 | |Sext up KIDS |

|The Internet: Forty Years Later, December 2009 | |Surviving :) The Teenage Brain |

|Cyber Thieves and Identity Theft, | |Web Warriors |

|March 2008 | | |

|Web Donors: Looking For Organs Online, April 2006 | | |

MINDS-ON ACTIVITY

The 2004-2005 hockey season was cancelled after the NHL locked out its players. The main issue during that round of bargaining was the creation of a salary cap to keep players salaries from bankrupting teams. The 2012-2013 season was nearly cancelled with the main issue being the distribution of hockey-related revenue (HRR). The owners wanted to cut the players’ share from 57 per cent of HRR to 50 per cent.

1. What do the main issues of both lockouts say about the priorities of the owners and the players?

2. Both lockouts were about controlling revenue. Why does the NHL have to be mindful of controlling its revenue?

3. Which hockey markets do you think are most vulnerable to financial crisis as a result of a player lockout? Why do you think this is the case?

SETTING THE STAGE

When the Montreal Canadians took to the ice against the Toronto Maple Leafs after a prolonged NHL labour disruption in early 2013, one would think that the level of fan enthusiasm would be subdued. After all, the league and its players had dragged fans through a 119-day lockout that saw almost half the season cancelled. However, the Bell Centre was hopping that night with 21 000 hockey fans cheering on the Habs and Leafs, while several thousand more enjoyed opening night festivities outside the rink. Meanwhile, huge numbers of Canadian positioned themselves in front of their televisions to watch all of Canada’s teams start a hockey season that should have begun months earlier.

For the love of hockey

Millionaire players arguing with multi-millionaire owners over a pot of over $3.3 billion — not a position that many working class Canadians had a lot of patience for. However, when the players and owners finally came to terms on a new collective bargaining agreement (CBA), Canadians could only feel momentary anger before surrendering to their love of the game of hockey. Labour strife game way to labour peace and, once the first puck bulged the net’s twine, all was forgiven — whether that was the right decision or not.

They saw it coming

Maybe the league and its players had a sense of the loyalty of hockey fans as negotiations began. Going into the off-season, many hockey analysts feared a lockout was coming. Gary Bettman and the NHL made it clear that the players needed to make significant concessions if they hoped to take to the ice in the fall. Meanwhile the NHLPA, led by prominent sports labour leader Donald Fehr, let the league know that they were in for a fight. After initial offers were exchanged in the summer of 2012, it became clear that the two sides were miles apart and, on September 15, the NHL formally locked out its players.

Tug-of-war

What followed was a frustrating months-long tug-of-war between the NHL and the NHLPA with little progress being made by either side. Some players, seeing that the start of their season was nowhere in sight, flew to Europe to play in countries like Russia, Sweden, Switzerland and Germany. As the weeks past, games were cancelled — including the Winter Classic between the Detroit Red Wings and the Toronto Maple Leafs at the 100 000-seat Michigan Stadium. Meanwhile, Gary Bettman claimed that, for every game cancelled, NHL hockey franchises were losing as much as $20 million. Eventually, as 2012 drew to a close — and as fans were getting used to life without hockey — a sense of urgency hit and negotiations began in earnest.

Beating the deadlines

Two significant threats emerged in the form of deadlines early in 2013. First, NHL president Gary Bettman threatened to cancel the season if a deal wasn’t reached and players weren’t back on the ice by January 19. Second, Donald Fehr and the NHLPA threatened to decertify the union and sue the league for collusion if negotiations weren’t progressing by January 2. Fortunately, both threats prompted the two sides to sit down and hammer out a deal over several days of marathon talks. Eventually, on January 6, Bettman and Fehr announced that a deal had been reached and an abbreviated hockey season would begin within two weeks.

Terms of the new CBA

The new CBA saw the players agree to a reduction in their share of HRR and limits on the lengths of their contracts. Meanwhile the league agreed to help improve player pensions. Overall, it looked like the owners got the leagues financial priorities addressed. While some analysts claimed that the owners won the negotiation, others pointed out that, historically, players always seem to get richer with each new CBA. Fortunately the new CBA will last for at least eight years so the patience of the fans will not be tested again for some time.

To Consider

1. Why did some people expect fans to be less than enthusiastic about the end of the hockey lockout?

2. What was at stake in the battle between the owners and the players?

3. a) What did some players do when they determined that it was going to be a long lockout?

b) What did the NHL have to do as the lockout dragged on?

4. What brought the two sides together?

5. a) What did the players get out of the new CBA?

b) What did the owners gain under the new CBA?

VIDEO REVIEW

Pre-viewing Questions

The Los Angeles Kings won the Stanley Cup for the first time in franchise history in the spring of 2012. A few months later, the league locked out its players starting a labour disruption that delayed the start of the NHL season by four months. Interest in the Kings was at an all time high after the cup win and fans couldn’t wait for their team to defend its championship.

1. Why was a lockout so potentially damaging for a team like the Kings?

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2. Which other teams do you think would find a lockout particularly difficult?

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3. Do you think the owners and players were safe to assume that the fans would come back after the lockout?

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Viewing Questions

1. a) When did the NHL lockout its players?

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b) Why did the league lockout its players?

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2. a) How much of a pay cut did the owners want the players to take in their opening offer?

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b) How much money did the NHL make the previous year?

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3. What happened in October to bring a whiff of optimism to the negotiations?

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4. a) What is meant by hockey-related revenue (HRR)?

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b) What did the NHL want the players share of HRR to be?

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5. What role did NHL focus groups play in the leagues decision to make an offer?

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6. Why did the players reject the leagues October offer?

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7. How badly hurt by the lockout were businesses that count on NHL hockey games for their livelihood?

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8. What did the “Just Drop It” fan video campaign ask people to do in response to the lockout?

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9. Why was Los Angeles a fan-base that was particularly hurt by the lockout?

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10. When did the NHL and the players finally reach an agreement?

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11. List three details of the new collective bargaining agreement.

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12. How did some New Yorkers respond to the end of the lockout?

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13. How willing were Canadians to welcome NHL hockey back?

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14. How long did the lockout last?

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Post-viewing Activities

Despite the fears of owners and players alike, fans returned willingly and happily to NHL arenas. They were also more than willing to watch their favourite teams — in record numbers — on television.

Take a look at these statistics:

• 1.9 million people watched the Jets and Senators on CBC — up 36 % from the previous high for an afternoon game.

• 3.3 million people watched the marquee Hockey Night in Canada game between the Leafs and Habs — 16 % higher than the previous record for a regular season game.

• 1.1 million people watched the Leafs second game of the season vs. the Sabres on Sportsnet.

• NBC reported its best ever numbers for opening games involving the Flyers, Penguins, Blackhawks and Kings.

1. Why do you think fans were so anxious to get back into hockey?

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2. What does this willingness say about Canadian hockey fans?

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3. What do these numbers suggest about the state of the game in the United States?

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Followup

If you want to understand Canada’s connection to hockey, watch Tim Thomson’s video essay Footsteps on YouTube. Go to and type in the search words “footsteps hockey night in canada.”

How is the video essay a reflection of the deep connection Canadians have with the game of hockey?

ACTIVITY: Winning the Fans Back

When the NHL lockout came to an end early in 2013, teams and players knew they had to do something to win their fans back. The lockout itself was a public relations disaster, so clubs reached out in the following ways:

Anaheim, Columbus and Nashville — buy an opening night ticket and get a game two ticket for half price or for free.

Boston and Vancouver — win a chance to take a charter flight on a team road game.

Boston, Buffalo, Columbus, Montreal, Nashville, Pittsburgh and St. Louis — free or discounted concessions along with 25-50 per cent off team merchandise.

Carolina — free team flag for all fans attending opening night.

Toronto — all season ticket holders attend home opener for free.

Chicago — 1 000 signed jerseys and 250 autographed pucks, along with ticket giveaways for every home game, scheduled to be distributed over the course of the shortened season.

Los Angeles — special Stanley Cup party for its 5 000 season ticket holders. The Kings also pledged $1 million to local charities.

New York Islanders — season opener tickets for $30. Fans spending $150 on team merchandize also get two tickets for two other home games.

Activity

Working with a partner, evaluate the efforts by teams to win fans back:

1. In your opinion, did the teams listed above do enough? Which team(s) did the best job of trying to win back fans?

2. The New York Rangers held a contest to give away a pair of tickets to their home opener while the Phoenix Coyotes did nothing for their fans. How does this minimal effort reflect on their franchises?

3. What else should NHL teams have done to win back their fans? Come up with at least three original ideas that you feel could win back frustrated fans.

ACTIVITY: Was the NHL lockout worth it?

Take a look at the terms of the new CBA and try to understand why the owners and the players had trouble agreeing on a contract.

• New CBA will run for ten (10) years with an opt-out available for both sides after year eight. That means no labour disruption for at least eight years.

• Players will receive an improved pension plan.

• Owners and players will split hockey-related revenue (HRR) 50-50. HRR is calculated based on all revenue generated by the product on the ice, including merchandise and television revenues. The players were getting 57 per cent of HRR under the terms of the previous agreement.

• The salary cap will be $70.2 million for the shortened season and then drop to $64.3 million in year two. The salary floor (or least amount a team can put into salaries) is

$44 million.

• The NHL agrees to create a fund to make sure players get their salaries based on existing contracts (called the “make whole” provision). Players would get paid out over the course of the new CBA.

• Contract limits are seven years for free agents and eight years for teams re-signing their own players. The league wanted the limit to be five years with NHL deputy commissioner Bill Daly calling this issue the “hill we will die on.” This marks the end of lengthy contracts with huge salary variances from the beginning of the contract to the end of the contract.

• Minimum salary for players is $525 000 (and will grow to $750 000 by the tenth year of the CBA).

• New rules introduced for salary arbitration and contract buyouts.

1. Based on your review of the highlights of the new CBA, who came out ahead at the end of the negotiations?

2. Why do you think HRR was the most contentious issue in the negotiations?

3. Why will players still make a lot of money under the new CBA?

ACTIVITY: Negotiating a Contract

1. Form a group of four and assume one of the following roles:

Player — you are an unrestricted free agent in your eighth year. You are coming off your best season. You are a right-winger who scored 25 goals and had 30 assists. Your team got knocked out in the first round of the playoffs.

Agent — you represent the player. Comparable forwards in the league make around $4 million a season. Your player makes $1.5 million. You are looking to get him a contract that is as close to $4 million as possible.

General Manager — you represent the team. The player had his best season ever but failed to produce in the playoffs. Your goal is to keep the player’s salary as low as you can since you have five other players to sign with a limited amount of salary cap room.

Mediator — your job is to bring the negotiators to a deal. Encourage flexibility and creativity while bringing the two sides together.

Note: The two sides must come to an agreement

2. Negotiate the contract. Use the parameters listed above and try to come to terms on a contract. Make sure the agreement is very specific e.g. dollar amounts, charities, etc.

3. Write out the contract, sign it and date it.

Followup

Share your contract with the class. Describe the process of coming to an agreement and what creative steps you took to reach a deal.

ACTIVITY: Considering Personal Bias and Perspective

Answer the following questions individually. Then debrief with a partner or small group.

1. What do you think the differences are between a refugee, and immigrant and a temporary foreign worker? What are the similarities between these groups of people? What are the differences?

2. Consider your own biases and perspective by ranking your response to the following statements using the following scale:

1 2 3 4 5

strongly disagree disagree not sure agree strongly agree

a) Canadian citizens deserve jobs before any other group of people in Canada ________

b) Canada was built by immigrant workers ________

c) I have had personal experience in immigrating to Canada and or/relationships with people who have immigrated to Canada ________

d) The government should make sure that private companies do not take advantage of foreign workers ________

e) Foreign workers should not be allowed in Canada ________

f) Canada needs foreign workers ________

3. Discuss with a partner how your ranking of the above statements reveals your personal bias and perspective on the topic of foreign temporary workers. Think about where your beliefs came from — your family, friends, education, personal experiences, media coverage?

Discuss, in a respectful manner, any differences in rankings that arise and consider how different beliefs may have developed through different experiences.

4. List three questions you could investigate further that may affect the ranking scale of one statement.

SETTING THE STAGE: That was then, this is now

Foreign workers have been sought by the Canadian federal government and provincial governments for over a hundred years. Traditionally temporary foreign workers have been brought to Canada to fill short-term skill shortages. Sometimes foreign workers have had special skills that suited particular employment; other times foreign workers are sought by employers since they may work for less wages and benefits than Canadian citizens.

Today, many of the jobs granted to temporary foreign workers are physically demanding, "unskilled," low-wage jobs such as fast-food workers, nannies, agricultural labourers and security guards.

Fact Facts

In 2011, there were 300 211 foreign people working in Canada under a "temporary" status. The number has doubled since 2005. The majority of these workers came from the United States.

COMPARISON ACTIVITY

Using the suggested research sources and the research summary chart (page 17), compare an historical case of Canadian foreign workers with a present day example of foreign workers. Debrief the results of your comparison in a class discussion.

Historical Case:

Chinese Workers Built the CPR Railway

Over 17, 000 Chinese people came to Canada between 1881 and 1884. Many of these people represented Chinese labour that was used to build the Canadian Pacific Railroad and maintain it.

Suggested Research Source

Multicultural History Society of Ontario

The Ties That Bind: Building the CPR, Building a Place in Canada

mhso.ca/tiesthatbind/WorkingConditions.php

Present-day Case:

Tim Horton's Temporary Workers

Foreign temporary workers are sought by many Canadian companies for low-paying jobs in the fast-food industry.

Suggested Research Source

CBC News | Canada

Who's looking out for Tim Hortons' temporary foreign workers?

cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2012/12/11/f-temporary-foreign-worker-program-tim-hortons-canada.html

Canada – Total entries of foreign workers by source country

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Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada

“It is simply a question of alternatives: either you must have this labour or you can't have the railway.„

– Prime Minister John A. Macdonald, 1882 

“As [an] employer yesterday told me, if I can bring in people from abroad to occupy some of the skilled trade vacancies in his workplace, that means he can expand, fulfil more orders, grow as a company and hire more Canadians.„

– Jason Kenney, Immigration Minister, 2013

Quoted in “Kenney denies foreign investment tied to temporary workers,” Louise Elliott, CBC News, December 13, 2012

What attitudes do John A. Macdonald and Jason Kenney share regarding the need for foreign workers?

Research Summary Chart

| |Railroad Workers 1880s |Tim Horton's |

| | |Temporary Workers |

|Ethnic/cultural group(s) | | |

|Type of work | | |

|Why did/does the government permit these workers| | |

|to come to Canada? | | |

|Working conditions | | |

|Pay | | |

|Evidence of hostility, discrimination or racism | | |

Consolidation Activity

Write a supported opinion paper on one of the following topics.

A. Temporary foreign workers: Do the benefits outweigh the negatives?

B. The human rights of temporary foreign workers in Canada are not being upheld.

VIDEO REVIEW

Pre-viewing Questions

1. Why do you think Canada needs temporary foreign workers?

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2. What type of jobs do you think temporary foreign workers have in Canada?

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3. Why do you think some Canadian citizens object to temporary foreign workers?

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4. Why do you think some Canadian citizens advocate for greater rights and protections for temporary foreign workers?

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Viewing Questions

1. For the mining company operating in Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia, what skills do the Chinese workers possess that are needed for the job?

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2. How many workers are projected to come to Canada through the Chinese mining company?

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3. Why are Canadian labour unions not happy?

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4. What type of "spin off" jobs could each temporary foreign worker produce?

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5. List two reasons offered why Canadian miners did not get these underground jobs.

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6. According to the union, how much less are temporary foreign workers earning when compared to Canadian workers?

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7. Will the Chinese workers be able to apply for Canadian citizenship?

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8. How many temporary foreign workers are there in Canada and by what percent is the number increasing?

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9. How much money did one recruiter state was required to be paid to him by any Chinese temporary worker looking for a job in Canada?

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10. What does Olivia Chow claim is the reason for lack of protection of temporary foreign workers?

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11. Why does Jason Kenney claim that the federal government can be proud of the temporary foreign worker program?

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Post-viewing Questions

1. What arguments were presented both for and against an increase in Chinese temporary foreign workers for underground mining?

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2. What reasons can you give are there for the different viewpoints of the government, the union representatives and the Chinese temporary foreign workers?

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MINDS-ON ACTIVITY

In 1969, a young Chris Hadfield watched a grainy television image of Neil Armstrong stepping off the ladder of the lunar module Eagle onto the Moon’s surface. Seeing this scientific triumph was enough to inspire Hadfield to spend the formative years of his life becoming an astronaut himself. Three trips to space later, Hadfield stands out as one of Canada’s most accomplished astronauts.

1. What inspires you? Have you been inspired to reach your potential by an event or person?

2. How difficult do you think it was for Hadfield to achieve his goal?

3. What kind of dedication and education do you think it takes to become an astronaut?

SETTING THE STAGE

To say that Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield’s star is on the rise — at a time when he is closer to the stars than anybody on Earth — would be an understatement. Since rocketing into space and boarding the International Space Station (ISS) for his most recent voyage in December 2012, Hadfield has recorded a song with the Barenaked Ladies, virtually dropped the puck at the Toronto Maple Leafs home opener, had a lengthy chat with Captain Kirk of Star Trek, and positioned himself as Canada’s greatest space ambassador — all this in addition to his daily responsibilities as an ISS scientist and crew member. Oh, and one other thing, he is scheduled to become the first Canadian commander of the ISS in March 2013 (actually he will be the first commander of the ISS who isn’t from the United States or Russia).

Hello Twitterverse

The affable Hadfield has become a household name since taking to space in late 2012. He reaches out to almost 350 000 people down on Earth via his Twitter account, providing informative tweets and stunning photographs from his perch nearly 400 kilometres above the planet’s surface. Actually to call his position a perch is a bit misleading — the ISS orbits Earth every 90 minutes at a speed of close to 28 000 km/hr. That’s 16 times around the planet a day. And there’s Chris Hadfield following his gruelling astronaut regimen for the ISS space program while still finding time to snap a few pictures and tweet his perspectives to curious space watchers firmly grounded back on the planet’s surface.

A Natural Leader

While most Canadians may be just getting to know Hadfield, many others have been watching this bright Canadian star rise beyond the stratosphere for years. From life on an Ontario corn farm to the top of his class at the Royal Military College, Hadfield has consistently proven to be a person of distinction. An accomplished Canadian Forces pilot and scientist, Hadfield emerged from a field of over 5 000 candidates to become an astronaut for the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) in 1992. Since that time, he has taken on a variety of leadership roles with the CSA, NASA and in partnerships with the Russian space agency.

Space Experience

Hadfield has been in space on two previous occasions. In 1995, he served as a mission specialist aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis. That

was a voyage of Canadian firsts: Hadfield became the first Canadian mission specialist, the first Canadian to operate the Canadarm, and the first Canadian to board the space station Mir. In 2001, Hadfield returned to space aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour. On this mission, he installed the Canadarm2 onto the ISS, spending close to 15 hours working in near-zero gravity outside the station on two separate spacewalks.

And the next Canadian first is set to occur in March 2013 when Hadfield takes over as commander of the ISS — a role that he has been moving toward since he first made the decision to become an astronaut. Who knows what the future holds for this remarkable Canadian once he returns to Earth?

To Consider

1. What is Chris Hadfield doing to grab the attention of so many people?

2. What efforts has Hadfield taken to promote his mission?

3. Why do many people think that Hadfield is a born leader who is more than ready to take command of the ISS?

4. Which experiences do you think will help Hadfield when he takes command of the ISS in March 2013?

VIDEO REVIEW

Pre-viewing Question

Canada became the third nation to venture into space with the launch of the Alouette-1 satellite in 1962. Since then, Canada has pumped billions of dollars into space exploration with the current investment sitting at $2 billion per year. Do you think it is worth the financial costs to continue sending people and machinery into space when there are other issues that need to be addressed closer to home?

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Viewing Questions

1. Who is Chris Hadfield?

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2. How many times has Hadfield been in space?

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3. a) How long will Hadfield be aboard the International Space Station (ISS)?

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b) What leadership role will Hadfield assume while on the ISS?

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4. Why couldn’t the cameras film the entire tour of the ISS mock up?

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5. Describe Hadfield’s attitude as the mission approaches.

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6. How does the Russian approach to space technology differ from the U.S. approach?

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7. How long will it take Hadfield and his fellow astronauts to get to the ISS?

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8. a) What parts of the body start to atrophy when an astronaut spends an extended period of time in space?

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b) What symptoms did Bob Thirsk experience after he returned from the ISS?

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9. What did Chris Hadfield have to do to become an astronaut? What did he have to do to set himself apart from his competition?

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10. What does Hadfield plan to do with Ed Robertson of the Barenaked Ladies at some point during his ISS mission?

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11. Why does Bob Thirsk think that Hadfield’s taking command of the ISS is an important step for the Canadian space program?

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12. When did Hadfield and his crew dock at the ISS?

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13. Describe Hadfield’s conversation with his sons once he reached the ISS.

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14. How busy will Hadfield be during his six months aboard the ISS?

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15. How does Hadfield plan to keep his fans informed about what is happening on the ISS?

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Post-viewing Questions

1. Based on Bob Thirsk’s description of the physical demands of living in space and adjusting to a return to Earth, do you think many people would say NO to a trip to space?

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2. Do you think Hadfield’s use of social media is a kind of publicity stunt or do you think it is an important way to promote Canada’s accomplishments in space?

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ACTIVITY: Singing with the Barenaked Ladies

Minds On

Chris Hadfield is an accomplished musician as well as an astronaut. He released the first song ever recorded in space (Jewel of the Night) late in 2012 and plans on recording the first album in space at some point over the course of his six months in space. In other words, besides being a gifted astronaut, pilot, and scientist, Hadfield is also a talented musician. Consider this perspective and then read about his collaboration with Ed Robertson of the Barenaked Ladies.

Space Jam

On February 8, 2013, Ed Robertson and Chris Hadfield premiered a song they co-wrote for Music Monday 2013, a CBC Music initiative designed to promote music education in Canada. Joined by the rest of his Barenaked Ladies band mates and the Wexford Gleeks (a Toronto school choir), Robertson and Hadfield performed their song ISS (Is Someone Singing?). Robertson led the performance in a sound studio on Earth while Hadfield played his guitar and sang his parts from the cupola observation module on the International Space Station (ISS). The song marked the first time a song was performed and recorded on Earth and in space.

Your task

1. Watch the performance at:

music.cbc.ca/#/blogs/2013/2/Space-jam-watch-the-premiere-of-ISS-Is-Somebody-Singing

2. How impressed were you by the performance? How difficult do you think it was to coordinate Hadfield’s space performance with the Barenaked Ladies/Wexford Gleeks performance on Earth?

3. What did you think of the song? What did you like or not like about the melody and lyrics?

|Did You Know? | |Hadfield’s mission patch is shaped like a |

|While performing in the cupola observation module of the ISS, Hadfield had to anchor | |guitar pick, signifying the importance of |

|himself to part of the station with restraining straps so he wouldn’t float around during| |music in his life. |

|his performance. He also performed without a guitar strap because he didn’t have to worry| | |

|about earth-strength gravity pulling his guitar to the ground. However, the absence of | | |

|significant gravitational pull did mean that he had to careful using the frets of his | | |

|guitar. In microgravity, the hand can easily miss its mark causing the musician to play | | |

|the wrong notes. Hadfield said he had to make some significant adjustments to learn how | | |

|to play his guitar in space. | | |

ACTIVITY: Chris Hadfield – “Rock Star”

Minds On

When Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield was assigned the job of commander for Expedition 35 on the International Space Station, he knew he was in a position to promote the space program to his fellow Canadians. It didn’t take long for Canadians to take notice as Hadfield grew to almost “rock star” status. Be mindful of Hadfield’s surge in popularity as you read the article.

How Chris Hadfield Became a “Rock Star”

1. Traversing the Twitterverse

Hadfield’s Twitter following rested at around 13 000 a few weeks before he was launched into space aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft. That number grew to a little over 20 000 on the day he left for the International Space Station (ISS). This modest following exploded early in 2013 when Hadfield’s stunning photographs of Earth began going viral on the internet and shortly after he began a tweet exchange with Canadian actor William Shatner. In fact, by early February 2013, Hadfield’s following grew to nearly 350 000. Hadfield did not disappoint his new audience, treating them to a daily dose of clever tweets and pictures that were literally out of this world.

2. Reaching out to the kids

During his mission training, Hadfield and his fellow crew members practiced doing live chats with groups, including school children. Near the end of January 2013, he put this skill into action when he spoke with students at Chris Hadfield Public School in Milton, Ontario. He answered questions about his life on the ISS, how much he missed his family, and whether life exists elsewhere in the universe. The exchange was fascinating as the down to earth astronaut delivered his message from outer space. This was an example of one of many appearances that Hadfield would make over the course of his time aboard the ISS.

3. Connecting with Captain Kirk

In the mid-1960s, actor William Shatner played Captain James T. Kirk on the hit series Star Trek. The television show sparked the imagination of many people around the world, with the character of Kirk becoming an icon for science-fiction fans everywhere. To this day, Shatner is connected with Kirk and, when he contacted Chris Hadfield via Twitter in early 2013, a relationship was established between the fictional captain and the rea- life commander. Eventually, the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) arranged a chat between the two men. The conversation explored everything from space funding to the majesty of the universe with the two setting an informal date to share a glass of whiskey at Hadfield’s Ontario cottage upon his return to Earth. The conversation garnered a lot of media attention and led to a spike in Hadfield’s Twitter following.

4. Rockin’ with a rock star

Two days after the exchange with Shatner, Hadfield performed a song he co-wrote with Ed Robertson of the Barenaked Ladies. With Hadfield on the ISS and Robertson at a sound stage, the two performed their song with the help of Robertson’s Barenaked Ladies band mates and the Wexford Gleeks choir. The performance of the song drew serious attention across Canada and created a mild buzz around the world.

5. His eloquence and attitude

Since arriving on the ISS, Hadfield has made frequent appearances via video link on television and the Internet. His growing celebrity comes from his ability to connect with almost any audience. Whether he is singing a song, speaking to an interviewer, or addressing a group of students, Hadfield has an ability to present his message in a clear and eloquent way. Early in his mission, Hadfield gave reporters his perspective from space, saying

“To go around the whole world in just slightly over 90 minutes…you see it absolutely as one place…. So when we look down at a

place that's in great turmoil, it's hard to reconcile the inherent patience and beauty of the world with the terrible things that we do to each other and to the Earth.„

– Chris Hadfield, CBC News, January 10, 2013

Certainly this eloquent astronaut will continue to impress his fellow Canadians when he assumes command of the ISS and when he returns to Earth. What’s next for Hadfield remains to be seen but, one thing is clear, he left Earth a minor celebrity and he’ll return a Canadian “rock star.”

To Consider

1. What role did Twitter place in Hadfield’s growing popularity?

2. Why do you think Hadfield’s chat with actor William Shatner garnered so much attention?

3. What was so impressive about the Hadfield/Robertson song collaboration?

4. Why do you think Chris Hadfield became seen as a kind of “rock star” during his time on the ISS in 2012-2013?

ACTIVITY: The Right Stuff – Life in Space

Minds On

The 1983 movie The Right Stuff chronicled the efforts by the predecessors of the first astronauts to fly jets at supersonic speeds. These test pilots made historic flights starting in the late 1940s right through to the first U.S. orbiting of the Earth in the early 1960s. Overall, this character-driven film attempts to demonstrate whether or not the first astronauts had “the right stuff” to fly into space.

Now that humanity has developed the ability to fly into space, it won’t be long before commercial flights into orbit begin to happen. Let’s assume that you have “the right stuff” for the high-speed trek to the ISS. Do you think you have “the right stuff” to live in space?

Life in Space

EATING – Astronauts eat mostly moist and sticky foot (like oatmeal) because dry food (like cookies and bread) can cause particles to float around and contaminate the weightless environment. Astronauts can still use utensils to eat if they want and individual astronauts can pick certain foods before they leave for their mission.

SLEEPING – This can be a difficult prospect on the ISS. Since the ISS orbits the Earth 16 times a day, astronauts are never really sure what time it is. Imagine experiencing 16 sunrises and sunsets over the course of a normal day. To combat these constant changes, ISS crew members follow Greenwich Mean Time and are scheduled for 8.5 hours of sleep a day (with most opting to sleep around six hours). Astronauts use sleeping bags and secure themselves to the spacecraft with restraints so that they don’t float around while sleeping. Many also secure their arms because the sensation of having their arms floating away from the body can be disruptive to a restful sleep.

EXERCISING – Astronauts aboard the ISS need to exercise for at least two hours per day. They need to exercise because living in microgravity can cause muscles to shrink and bone density to lessen (bone density can decrease by as much as six per cent on a six-month mission). Experts note that astronauts will recover most of what they lose once they return to Earth, but a lack of exercise would make their recovery a lot more arduous and potentially dangerous.

HYGIENE – The water supply on the ISS is extremely limited so astronauts use it sparingly. Instead of showering, they give themselves sponge baths. They use no-rinse shampoos and rub the shampoo into their scalp with a towel. When they brush their teeth, they spit the excess paste and saliva into a towel. When they shave, most use an electric razor. Astronauts have to be extremely careful that hair doesn’t float away from them when they are cleaning themselves because the hair can clog air filters and disrupt air circulation on the ISS.

GOING TO THE BATHROOM – This is the greatest hygiene challenge for an astronaut. They use a special toilet for bowel movements that vacuums the waste into a waste compartment. They have to use restraints so they don’t float while using the toilet. When they urinate, they use a cup-like device that vacuums the urine into a waste compartment.

Source: The Canadian Space Agency

asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/astronauts/living.asp

To Consider

1. What do you think? Could you handle a trip to the ISS? How long would you stay if you went?

2. Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield has volunteered to take part in a trip to Mars. The mission would take two years to complete. How challenging would it be for Hadfield to stay healthy while on this lengthy expedition?

MINDS-ON QUESTIONS

1. Have you ever been the victim of a prank? How did it feel? Did you laugh or were you angry/upset?

2. Have you ever been the perpetrator of a prank? Why did you do it? What were the consequences of your actions?

3. A prank can be defined as a practical joke. A hoax can be defined as a humorous or malicious deception. Define in your own words the similarities and differences between a prank and a hoax.

4. List as many examples as you can of pranks and hoaxes on television and the internet. Why do you think pranks and hoaxes are popular?

5. Do you think there is a line that should not be crossed in "pranking" or creating a hoax? Explain your thinking.

SETTING THE STAGE

The internet and social media have revolutionized pranks and hoaxes. Today, millions of people can become the victims of an internet hoax. Similarly, a personal prank between two friends can be captured on YouTube and the resulting hilarity and/or embarrassment shared with the world.

However, there are obviously differences between harmless pranks and hoaxes and more serious ones that can bring about personal tragedy and even widespread panic. The question where to draw the line between the two extremes can often involve interpretations of the law.

Spreading falsehoods — in writing (libel) or through your spoken words (slander) — that damage someone's professional or personal reputation, or for the purposes of bribery or notoriety, is against the law. A person or a company could sue you for spreading false or misleading information to a widespread audience. There are laws in many jurisdictions that demand that you inform a person if you intend to audio or video record them and for what purposes. Being aware of these laws and following them could prevent some of the more damaging hoaxes and pranks. However, many individuals and media sources perpetuate hoaxes either willingly or by being duped by the hoax themselves.

Prank or Hoax?

Discuss the following scenarios. Do they represent a prank or a hoax? Rank the scenarios from most serious or damaging to least serious or damaging, and share your reasons for your ranking

1. Impersonating the boss and calling someone on the phone to tell them they've been fired.

2. Releasing mice into the hallways of the school.

3. Sending a message on social media that a fire has burnt down the school.

4. Creating an ad on eBay stating that your friend's phone is for sale.

5. Posting to YouTube your friend's reaction when you present them with a "winning" lottery ticket.

6. Posting to your blog an announcement that a celebrity has died when they are indeed alive.

7. A parent tells their child that they ate all their Halloween candy and posts his/her reaction to YouTube.

Busting Hoaxes and Urban Myths

Go to , the self-declared "definitive Internet reference source for urban legends, folklore, myths, rumors and misinformation." Here extensive research is offered to dispel hoaxes both past and present.

VIDEO REVIEW

Important Instructions for all Students

Due to the serious need for young people today to think critically about internet and media sources, the Canadian government has established an important new learning expectation for this course. Your teacher is required to assess your answers to the following video viewing questions in order to evaluate your critical thinking skills. Do not share or discuss your answers. Write your answers clearly in the space provided. Be prepared to submit your answers at the end of the video.*

Pre-viewing Questions

1. How do you know what is real and what is "fake" on television and on the internet?

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2. Why do you think that hoaxes (false stories) are getting more difficult to distinguish from truthful stories on the internet?

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Viewing Questions

1. How did the wildlife expert know that the internet clip was a hoax?

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2. Who created the "eagle and baby" hoax? How many hours of work did it take?

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3. How many views did they receive?

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4. How did the government of Canada become a victim of a hoax during the 2009 UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen?

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5. How was the royal family an attempted victim of a prank?

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6. What was the tragic outcome of this radio prank?

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7. What did the Australian DJs argue in their defence?

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8. How did the radio station react to the public outcry?

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Post-viewing Activity

Debate the following resolution: "Hoaxes are more entertaining than damaging."

FOCUS FOR READING: Hoaxes and the Role of the Media

A hoax can be defined as a humorous or malicious deception. Throughout history, the creation and dissemination of a hoax is often affected by the emerging technology of the time period. For example, a hoax perpetuated by two young girls in England in 1917 involved the use of a camera. The girls claimed that they had taken pictures of fairies in a garden. This hoax caused international interest in the existence of supernatural creatures. Similarly, photographs of the Loch Ness Monster, Big Foot and ghosts were offered as proof of their existence. As the media helped to fuel public interest, often the hoax was put to rest by scientific experts who proved there had been tampering with the technology.

The mass media plays a significant role in the perpetuation of hoaxes. Rumours about celebrities are offered as the truth, often with altered and distorted photographs. Certain publications became notorious for stretching the truth and perpetuating lies. These publications are known as "tabloid journalism" since the stories focus on sensationalized reports of crime and celebrity gossip.

DJs at radio stations also participate in pranks to increase ratings by calling unsuspecting people on the phone and convincing them of some untruth in order to get a reaction that listeners may find entertaining. Television shows feature celebrities and comedians pranking other celebrities and bystanders. It seems that hoaxes and pranks have become their own form of entertainment.

The internet and YouTube have made it much easier for anyone to reach the masses, and so the number of hoaxes has risen. One of the most common Internet hoaxes involves false warnings about computer viruses.

Some hoaxes can be quite elaborate and are created for political reasons. Examples of these are mockumentaries. These "faked" documentaries can show how easily public opinion and beliefs can be manipulated. The Dark Side of the Moon detailed how the Apollo moon landings had been faked inside Hollywood studios.

While hoaxes and pranks can be viewed as entertaining or politically important, sometimes they have unexpected and devastating results. No one could have foreseen the tragic outcome after two Australian DJs posed as the Queen and Prince Charles and convinced a nurse to talk about Kate Middleton's pregnancy.

Victims of hoaxes and pranks are increasingly looking to the law to protect them from invasion of privacy, slander, libel and the purposeful spreading of misinformation.

ACTIVITY: Famous Hoaxes

Consider the following hoaxes throughout history. Was the hoax merely entertaining? Or did it harm anyone? Why did the hoax become so widespread? Why do you think these hoaxes were successful at fooling so many people? What do hoaxes reveal about human nature and behaviour?

The Cottingley Fairies (1920)

Two English cousins, 16-year-old Elsie Wright and 10-year-old Frances Griffiths, came to international attention when they took five photographs of themselves in a garden with fairies. The pictures appeared in 1920 in The Stand Magazine accompanying an article on fairies written by Sir Arthur Conan Dole who was a firm believer in psychic phenomenon. Public reaction was mixed; many accepted the photos as proof of "other worldly" being s while others claimed they were fake. In the early 1980s both women admitted the photographs were faked using cardboard cut outs, but Frances maintained the fifth photo was genuine. The photographs and cameras are displayed in the National Media Museum in Bradford, England.

Paul is Dead (1969)

In September 1969 American university students published articles claiming that Paul McCartney of the Beatles had died in a car crash and been replaced by a look-alike. Clues found in song lyrics (some played backwards) and on album covers were discussed on popular radio shows.

In a short period of time the world was busy trying to verify the story. Hundreds of supposed clues were shared by fans and followers of the story. By October, Paul McCartney came forward to dispel the rumours. This hoax has been the subject of several books and films, including the mockumentary, Paul McCartney Really is Dead.

Alien Autopsy (1990s)

Ray Santilli, a London-based entrepreneur, created and released a 17-minute, grainy quality, black-and-white film in the 1990s of what he claimed was an alien autopsy that had occurred after a UFO crash at Roswell, New Mexico in 1947. Santilli claimed that he has received the footage from a former military cameraman. The film aired on television in over 32 countries and caused international sensation. In 1995, the film was exposed as an elaborate hoax.

Yes Men (2000s through to today)

The Yes Men were founded by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos. Their purpose is to use the media to raise awareness of social issues through humour and satire. The Yes Men have produced two films and appeared on numerous talk shows impersonating people they dislike (often CEOs of multi-national companies) for the purpose of "telling the truth and exposing lies." They also create and maintain fake websites of organizations, such as the World Trade Organization. Their antics have led to extensive media coverage. In 2009 at the UN Climate Change Conference, the Yes Men released an announcement reportedly from the Canadian government stating Canada's intention to cut carbon emissions by 40%. This faked statement was followed by a statement by the Ugandan delegation praising Canada's efforts, which was also a fake. Needless to say Canadian and Ugandan officials were not amused. The Yes Men and their followers continue to practice what they call "culture-jamming" activism.

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FEBRUARY

2013

EDITION

Additional Details

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