And Drugs of Overview Minnesota in Prison
OverviewofDrugsand PrisoninMinnesota
P R E S E N TAT I O N T O P R I S O N P O P U L AT I O N TA S K F O R C E S E N. RO N L ATZ &R E P.TO NY CO R N I S H , CO C H A I RS NOVEMBER18,2015 N AT E R E I T Z , M S G C E X E C U T I V E D I R E C T O R
MINNESOTASENTENCINGGUIDELINESCOMMISSION
Over52,000Minnesotansareadmitted forsubstanceabusetreatmentannually
2014treatmentadmissionsbysubstanceofabuse(SOURCE:SAMHSA)
Amphetamines 17%
Alcohol+secondary drug 18%
Marijuana Heroin
16%
10%
Otheropiates 8% Cocaine 3%
Alcoholonly 26%
Tranquilizers,sedatives, hallucinogens, inhalants,PCP, other/unknown 2%
11/18/2015
MSGCPRESENTATIONTOPRISONPOPULATIONTASKFORCE
Nationalriseindrugoverdosedeaths
Nationaloverdosedeathsfromselectprescriptionandillicitdrugs (SOURCE:NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE)
40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000
5,000 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
RxOpioidPainRelievers RxBenzodiazepines Cocaine Heroin
11/18/2015
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30yeartrendsinnationalarrestratesfor drugpossessionvs.sale
U.S.arrestrates,drugpossession/useanddrugsale (SOURCE:BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS)
500
Possessionarrestrate
400
300
Salearrestrate
200
100
0
Arrestsper100,000
11/18/2015
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13foldriseindrugimprisonmentin33yrs.
accordingtonationalsentencingreformadvocacygroup
250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000
50,000
Numberofpeopleinprisonsandjailsfordrugoffenses,1980and2013
(SOURCE:THE SENTENCING PROJECT,USING BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS DATA)
2013, 210,200
2013, 180,600
2013, 98,200
1980, 19,000 U.S.stateprisons
1980, 4,700 Federalprisons
1980 2013
1980, 17,200 U.S.jails
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PRISONPOPULATION (EXCLUDESPSIHOLDS)(SOURCE:MNDOC)
Minnesota'sdrugcrimeprisoner populationtripledfrom19982005
10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000
Minn.stateprisonpopulationbyoffensetype,19982015
Total,1998, 5,485 Other,1998, 334
Drug Person Property DWI Weapons Other Total,2005, 8,708
Total,2015, 10,090 Other,2015, 454
Weapons,2015, 683
DWI,2015, 683 Property,2015, 1,144
Property,1998, 1,079
Person,2015, 5,215
2,000
1998
Person,1998, 3,368 Drug,1998, 704 1999 2000 2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Drug,2005, 2,178 2006 2007 2008
2009
2010
2011
Drug,2015, 1,911 2012 2013 2014
2015
11/18/2015
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In2014,mostMinn.prisontimefordrug crimeswaslinkedtoamphetamines(meth)
Drugtype,ascodedoncriminalcomplaints
Drugcrimeprisonbeds
(ofsentencesexecutedin2014)
0
200
400
600
800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
20%,Cocaine
7%,Heroin 3%,Syn.narcotic
65%,Meth/ amphetamine
2%,Marijuana
1%,Hallucinogen 2%,Other/unknown
Sale(incl.methmfg.andpossessionofprecursors) Possession(incl.methcrimesinchild'spresence)
Raceofoccupantsofdrugcrimeprisonbeds
(sentenced2014) 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
(Minnadults.,2010) Meth/amphetamine
Cocaine Heroin Syntheticnarcotic Marijuana Hallucinogen Other/unknown Totalofalldrugbeds (Minn.prisoners,2015)
White Black AmericanIndian Hispanic Asian Other
11/18/2015
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Sentencingin1st and2ndDegree drugcases
Therestofthispresentationwillfocus almostexclusivelyonsentencingfor 1stand2ndDegreecontrolled substancecrime
Why?
? Mostserious,andmoststudied, drugoffenses
? Prisonpresumedinallcases
? Mostprisonbeds,comparedto otherdegrees
11/18/2015
Prisonbedsfromsentencesexecuted201214
5thDegree 14%
4thDegree 2%
1stDegree 33%
3rdDegree 18%
2ndDegree 33%
MSGCPRESENTATIONTOPRISONPOPULATIONTASKFORCE
Fewerthanhalfof1stand2ndDegree drugoffendersgetpresumptivesentence
1STDEGREEDRUGSENTENCES,201214
2NDDEGREEDRUGSENTENCES,201214
Sentencenotexecuted (mitigateddisposition)
37%
Nomitigated departure (executed sentence) 34%
Sentencenotexecuted (mitigateddisposition)
34%
Nomitigated departure (executed sentence) 45%
11/18/2015
Executed,but mitigated duration 29%
Executed,but mitigatedduration
21%
MSGCPRESENTATIONTOPRISONPOPULATIONTASKFORCE
Reasonsforthesedeparturesvary
MOSTCOMMONREASONSFORDEPARTURE PROSECUTOR'SPOSITIONONDEPARTURE
Cooperationwithpolice Cleanrecord
Savetaxpayerstrialcosts
Noposition recorded 21%
Prosecutor objects 18%
Crimelessseriousthanordinary
Minorroleincrime
Longersupervision
Courtservicesrecommends
Amenabletotreatment,etc.
Amenabletoprobation/rehab Remorse/acceptsresponsibility
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Prosecutordoes notobject 61%
All1stand2ndDegreedrugsentenceswithamitigateddeparture,201214
11/18/2015
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