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Blood Disease ChartName and DescriptionCausesSymptomsTreatmentsOtherLeukemia Abnormal WBC divides rapidly; acute = aggressive, chronic = mature WBC Genetics & environment Fever, chills, fatigue, infections, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, enlarged liver or spleen, Bone pain Chemo, drugs, target, radiation, stem cell Anemia Not enough/inadequate RBC, bleeding, body destroys RBC’s, iron/vitamin deficiency, chronic diseasesFatigue, Weak, palenessShort of breath Headache, Dizziness or lightheaded,Chest pain, Cold hands/feet, Blood panel to define cause; treat accordingly (fluids, iron, transfusion) Many risk factors Evan’s Syndrome very rare autoimmune disorder; immune system destroys RBC’s, WBC’s and/or platelets(too few platelets) hemolytic anemia (destruction of RBC); infections, fatigue, prolonged bleeding blood transfusions; meds, IV drugs, immunosuppressive drugsGenetic linkHemophilia X-linked genetic inheritanceProlonged bleeding, blood in urine/stools/vomitMeds to replace clotting factorNo cure Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia Mother & baby’s platelets not compatible; mom forms antibodies & destroy fetal platelets Baby has low platelets, Hemorrhage (brain/spine/abdomen)Meds, monitoring Severe disorder (if untreated)Lymphoma Cancer of lymph system (lymphocytes), tumor; many risk factors (age, immune sys, environment, etc.)Swollen lymph nodes, CoughShortness of breath, FeverNight sweats, Stomach painFatigue, Weight loss, ItchingChemo, radiation, immunotherapy Hodgkin- less commonNon-H – most typesRh Disease (Rhesus Isoimmunisation)Incompatible Rh factor btwn mom & 2nd BABY; mom makes antibodies to baby blood High bilirubin; Newborn: severe anemia, jaundice, brain damage, heart failure baby – phototherapy, fluids Blood tests to diagnose; RhoGam to preventThrombocytopenia Low platelets; bone marrow issues/leukemia bleeding, bruising, slow blood clotting; internal bleeding Treat cause; meds, transfusionsSickle CellInherited anemia; gene mutationPain, swelling, infections, delayed growth, vision problems meds Many complications of disorderCardiovascular Disease ChartName and DescriptionCausesSymptomsTreatmentsOtherAneurysmEnlarged arteryNone unless rupture; painEmergency surgery if rupturesAtherosclerosisPlaque build-up in arteries; heart disease; lifestyle None unless severe/total blockageLifestyle changes, meds, surgery CardiomyopathyHeart diseaseshortness of breath, FatigueSwelling (ankles, feet, legs, abs, veins of neckMeds, lifestyle changes, surgery Congestive Heart FailureWeak heart pumping power; result of Coronary Artery diseaseCongested lungs, fluid build-up, fatigue, rapid HR Meds, lifestyle change to prevent progression Heart Murmur Physical activity, congenital defectsSwelling, short of breath, cough, Enlarged liver/neck veins, chest pain, dizzy, faintMeds, surgery Indicates a heart problem HypertensionHeart disease, stressAbnormally high BPMeds Myocardial InfarctionBlocked coronary arteryFatigue, chest pains, malaise Hospital treatment, meds StrokeLack of blood to brain; narrowed blood vessels Confusion, Headache, Numbness, vision/walking trouble, dizziness Drugs, surgery Prevent w/healthy lifestyle; diagnose: act FAST (face droop, arm weak, speech, Time to call 911) MyocarditisInflammation of heart muscle; Viral infection or immune responseShort of breath, chest painMeds, rest, low salt diet Pericarditis Inflamed heart membrane; viral infectionChest pain, weaknessMeds; surgery if doctor finds fluid build up TachycardiaMeds, drugs (smoking), heart disease, heart failure/defects, high BPFast HR; 100+BPMMeds; vagal maneuver Fast HR, over 100bpmBradycardiaFitness; age related or heart damage; meds (beta blockers, bp meds); electrolyte imbalances slow HR (below 60bpm);Fatigue, short of breath, heart poundingPacemaker or meds ................
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