Group Counseling Techniques
Group Counseling Techniques
Active listening: listening to content, voice, and body language; be aware of what members are feeling and thinking even when they are not speaking; scan the group for nonverbal gestures
Scanning for nonverbal clues: keep your eyes moving; look for head nods, facial expressions, tears, and body shifts
Reflection: restate comments and/or feelings behind comments
Clarification: help members to clarify statements for the benefit of the speaker or for the entire group; may use questioning, restating, or other members to help clarify
Summarizing: use when a member has spoken for several minutes (tighten the focus), making a transition from one topic to another, or when the discussion has overlapping points (deepen the focus)
Linking: pointing out commonalities; facilitates bonding
Mini-lecturing: need to provide information; needs to be interesting, relevant, short, and energizing; consider cultural differences and make sure you have current, correct, and objective information
Encouraging: warm voice, pleasant facial expression, and open posture
Setting the tone: encourage sharing and caring; consider your actions, words, and what is allowed in group
Serve as a model: communication, active listening, encouragement
Use of voice: includes tone, pitch, volume, and rate
Setting the tone: change voice pattern according to needs of group
Energizing the group: demonstrate interests
Pacing the group: move group faster or slower as needed
Identify allies: find cooperative and helpful members and use them to benefit the group
Understand diverse cultural backgrounds: realize any impact on group
Self-disclosure: shows you are willing to risk and share yourself; should not become focus of group; used only occasionally
Getting members to look at other members: look away from member, gesture to look at others, tell them
Drawing out members: be direct; make eye contact; ask for their input; use dyads, rounds, or written exercises
Cutting off members: use when members has spoken for too long or says something that is inappropriate; consider timing (comes with experience); use appropriate tone of voice; offer an explanation; finish questions looking at another member; avoid eye contact; ask for another’s input
Handling arguments: cut off quickly; if productive, then focus on the process of communication; may want to discuss what is happening or may need to shift focus
Handling rescuing members: cut off comments of members who are trying to rescue another member
Rounds: every member responds; choose various starting points; avoiding starting and ending with negative member; if member doesn’t answer you can skip them or come back to them; need to process the round (summarize responses into a more focused topic); don’t overuse
Dyads: members pair up; use for no more than 10 minutes
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