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Biochemical Evidence for EvolutionObjective- In the following experiment the students will perform a variation of the Nutall Precipitation technique using simulated blood sera of various animals- a chimpanzee, a frog, a cow, and a monkey. Students will determine which is more closely related to humans.Hypothesis- If these animals are related to humans, then the chimpanzee would be the closest related then the monkey, the cow, and lastly the frog.Data Chart- Organism:12345678Human++++++++++++++++++++++Cow-+++++++--Chimpanzee+++++++++++++++++++++++Frog--------Monkey+++++++++++++++ Key:+++ Heavy Agglutination ++ Medium Agglutination+ Slight Agglutination No reaction Analysis Questions-Construct an evolutionary tree of the organisms tested, based on the results of the experiment. Frog-Cow-Monkey-Chimpanzee-HumanWhy do we perform the test on human serum? Why couldn’t we perform this test on rabbit serum? We have to perform the test on human serum and rabbit serum together because you need to test the other serums with an antibody. Why would this test be more accurate than other types of comparisons? A fly and a bird both fly by means of their wings. Are they closely related? This test is more accurate because the antibodies mixed with the serums can show and better inside relationship. They are not closely related just because of wings they need more body and gene relations.Discuss some other potential uses of this test. Other potential uses of this test are to use the antibodies to find out where fossils belong in the evolutionary tree.A new organism has been discovered! Our fictional creature, “the Snipe,” has structural similarities to a deer, pig, and beaver. It has a pigs head with antlers and big buck teeth, a deer’s body, and a wide, flat tail. Describe how you would determine its place in the evolutionary tree. You can take serum from a deer, pig, and beaver and test where they are on the tree compared to the snipe.Conclusion-In this lab, we tested how to simulate blood sera of various animals and see their relationships to humans on the evolutionary tree. The data shows that chimpanzee are the closest related to humans and frogs are the least related. This proves my hypothesis correct because chimpanzee are the closest then monkey, cow, and lastly frog.I have learned in this experiment that by mixing an antibody with another serum you can tell the relationships between the two organism. This lab relates to what we are learning in class because we are learning about evolution and adaptation and how different organisms relate to each other. ................
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