Chapter 3: Biopsychology SW - CNX

[Pages:51]Chapter 3: Biopsychology SW

By: Stephen E. Wisecarver

Chapter 3: Biopsychology SW

By: Stephen E. Wisecarver

Online: < >

OpenStax-CNX

This selection and arrangement of content as a collection is copyrighted by Stephen E. Wisecarver. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (). Collection structure revised: June 8, 2015 PDF generated: June 9, 2015 For copyright and attribution information for the modules contained in this collection, see p. 43.

Table of Contents

1 3.0 Introduction to Biopsychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 3.1 Human Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3 3.2 Parts of the Nervous System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4 3.3 The Brain and Spinal Cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5 3.4 The Endocrine System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Attributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

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Chapter 1

3.0 Introduction to Biopsychology1

Figure 1.1: Dierent brain imaging techniques provide scientists with insight into dierent aspects of how the human brain functions. Left to right, PET scan (positron emission tomography), CT scan (computed tomography), and fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) are three types of scans. (credit left: modication of work by Health and Human Services Department, National Institutes of Health; credit center": modication of work by "Aceofhearts1968"/Wikimedia Commons; credit right: modication of work by Kim J, Matthews NL, Park S.)

Have you ever taken a device apart to nd out how it works? Many of us have done so, whether to attempt a repair or simply to satisfy our curiosity. A device's internal workings are often distinct from its user interface on the outside. For example, we don't think about microchips and circuits when we turn up the volume on a mobile phone; instead, we think about getting the volume just right. Similarly, the inner workings of the human body are often distinct from the external expression of those workings. It is the job of psychologists to nd the connection between thesefor example, to gure out how the rings of millions of neurons become a thought.

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CHAPTER 1. 3.0 INTRODUCTION TO BIOPSYCHOLOGY

This chapter strives to explain the biological mechanisms that underlie behavior. These physiological and anatomical foundations are the basis for many areas of psychology. In this chapter, you will learn how genetics inuence both physiological and psychological traits. You will become familiar with the structure and function of the nervous system. And, nally, you will learn how the nervous system interacts with the endocrine system.

1.1 References

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