PHILOSOPHY



UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY

L.N. MITHILA UNIVERSITY

Kameshwarnagar, Darbhanga

Post Graduate Programme

(Course of Study)

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For

M.A. (Philosophy) Examination

Under Semester System w.e.f. Academic Session 2014-16

UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY

L.N. MITHILA UNIVERSITY

Kameshwarnagar, Darbhanga

Post Graduate Programme

(Course of Study)

For

M.A. (Philosophy) Examination

Under Semester System w.e.f. Academic Session 2014-16

1. General Outline :

1.1 The Programme (Course of Study) of P.G. Philosophy will be of two years duration divided into two academic sessions called MA Previous and MA Final respectively. Each academic session shall consist of two Semesters, having 15 weeks of teaching schedule for each Semester. First and Second Semester shall cover the Previous year whereas Third and Fourth Semester shall be extended over the Final year consecutively .

1.2 There shall be sixteen papers in PG Philosophy Programme comprising four papers in each Semester . The course papers shall be of two categories -(a) Compulsory/ Core Courses and (b) Specialized / Elective Courses . Number of papers of Compulsory/ Core Courses shall be twelve and Specialised / Elective courses shall consist of four papers .

1.3 In First, Second and Third Semesters twelve papers shall be core courses whereas in Fourth Semester there shall be four specialized courses .

1.4 The students shall be required to study any one of the following Specialised / Elective courses of their choice in the fourth semester :

Group -A- Philosophy of Religion

Group -B- Comparative Religion

Group -C-Yoga as Applied Philosophy

Group - D- Philosophy of Mind

Group -E- Philosophical Approach to Gandhi

Group -F-Environmental Ethics

1.5 The syllabus shall be covered by 80 credits (teaching hours) , i.e. an average of 20 credits for each Semester , for which at least 90 days teaching schedule shall be provided for each Semester

2. Components of Evaluation :

Each paper shall carry 100 marks out of which at least two continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) of 30 marks shall be conducted and external (University) examination of 70 marks shall be held towards the end of each semester called the End Semester Evaluation (ESE) . The Components of CIA and ESE shall be as follows :

I. CIA :

a. Two mid - semester Written Tests 15 marks

of one hour duration each

b. Seminar / Quiz 05 marks

c. Assignments 05 marks

d. Regularity, Punctuality and conduct 05 marks

Total -30 Marks

The concerned teacher of the Course/ Paper shall be responsible for conducting and evaluating the mid- semester Test and for assessment of other components of the paper concerned . The answer scripts of first mid- semester Test shall be shown to students of the class

II. ESE :

End semester Examination of each semester shall be conducted by the University . Syllabus for each paper shall be divided into 5 units consisting four topics in each unit and the question pattern of these papers shall be as follows :

Part A : Ten objective type questions 10x02 = 20 marks

(Two questions from each unit)

Part B : Five short answered questions in

which four to be answered in 160 words each

(one question from each unit shall be asked)

Part C : Five long answered questions , 3x10=30 marks

in which three to be answered in 600 words each

(one question from each unit shall be asked)

c. Normally ESE of First and Third Semesters shall be held in the month of November, December whereas the ESE of second and fourth semesters shall be conducted in the month of April , May .

d. Only those students who have appeared in mid semester written tests and have completed 75% of the delivered lectures shall be obliged for appearing at the ESE . However, Head of the Department / Principal may condone 5% and the Vice- Chancellor 10% attendance of any students on the basis of medical, certificate after having satisfaction in the medical reports , submitted by the students .

3. Passing of Examination and Promotion Rules :

3.1. To be declared passed in End Semester Examination : Student will have to secure at least 40% marks in each paper separately both in CIA as well as in ESE and a minimum of 45 % of the grand total . However,

i. If a student passes in at least two papers in First, Second, Third Semester Examinations shall be permitted to next higher Semester . But promotion from Third to Fourth semester, it shall be required to clear all the four papers of First Semester by the student concerned .

ii. Promoted students will have to clear all the backlog papers in the next End Semester Examination of that semester (backlog) whenever it is available .

iii. Even if a student is promoted to Fourth Semester, the final result of that student shall be declared only after the clearance of all backlog papers .

iv. Promoted students who has failed to secure minimum 40% of any paper in CIA , will have to reappear in both the CIA and ESE of that paper of the same semester of next available academic session .

v. But a promoted student, who has passed in any paper of CIA but has failed to secure minimum marks of that papers in ESE will retain the marks of CIA and will have to reappear only in the ESE of that paper of the same semester of next available academic session .

vi. The name of the promoted students will not be included in the merit list .

3.2 The Final result shall be published on the basis of students performance in all the 16 papers spread over four semesters .

3.3 There shall be no supplementary examination in any semester .

3.4 A failed students in a semester shall have to repeat the semester on payment of semester fee .

4. Grading

4.1. Since it is a continuous available programme, students shall be awarded Grade point (GP) at the end of each semester Examination and commulative Grade point (CGP) at the end of Final End Semester Examination in 10 point scoring system .

Post Graduate Programme

M.A. (Philosophy)

|PAPER |SUBJECT |MARKS ESE+CIA |Cr. Hr. CR(T+P)|PAPER | |

| | | | |CODE | |

|SEMESTER-I |

|Paper-I |Indian Logic |70+30 |4(4+0) |PLS 511 | |

|Paper-II |Indian Epistemology |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 512 | |

|Paper-III |Western Epistemology |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 513 | |

|Paper-IV |Indian Ethics |70+30 |6(6+0) |PLS 514 | |

| |Total |400 |20(20+0) | | |

|SEMESTER-II |

|Paper-V |Western Symbolic Logic |70+30 |6(6+0) |PLS 521 | |

|Paper-VI |Indian Metaphysics |70+30 |4(4+0) |PLS 522 | |

|Paper-VII |Modern Indian Thought |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 523 | |

|Paper-VIII |Philosophy of Language (Western) |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 524 | |

| |Total - |400 |20(20+0) | | |

|SEMESTER-III |

|Paper-IX |Applied Ethics |70+30 |6(6+0) |PLS 531 | |

|Paper-X |Social & Political Philosophy |70+30 |4(4+0) |PLS 532 | |

|Paper-XI |Philosophy of Language (Indian) |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 533 | |

|Paper-XII |Western Ethical Theories |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 534 | |

| |Total- |400 |20(20+0) | | |

|SEMESTER-IV |

|Paper-XIII |Philosophy of Religion-I |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 541 | |

| |OR Comparative Religion-I | | |PLS 542 | |

| |OR Yoga as Applied Philosophy-I | | |PLS 543 | |

|Paper-XIV |Philosophy of Mind (Indian-I) |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 544 | |

| |OR Philosophical Approaches to Gandhi-I | | |PLS 545 | |

| |OR Environmental Ethics -I | | |PLS 546 | |

|Paper-XV |Philosophy of Religion-II |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 547 | |

| |OR Comparative Religion-II | | |PLS 548 | |

| |OR Yoga as Applied .Philosophy-II | | |PLS 549 | |

|Paper-XVI |Philosophy of Mind (Western) -II |70+30 |5(5+0) |PLS 550 | |

| |ORPhilosophical Approach to Gandhi-II | | |PLS 551 | |

| |OR Environmental Ethics-II | | |PLS 552 | |

| |Total - |400 |20(20+0) | | |

| | | |80(80+0) | | |

The following grading system has been used:

|Letter Grade |Percentage Range | Numerical of Letter Grade |Description of Grade |

|A |100-90 |10 |Outstanding |

|B |80-89 |9 |Excellent |

|C |70-79 |8 |Very Good |

|D |60-79 |7 |Good |

|E |50-59 |6 |Average |

|P |45-49 |5 |Pass |

|F |Less than 45 |Less than 5 |Fail |

M.A. SEMESTER

PHILOSOPHY

DEPT. OF PHILOSOPHY

L.N.MITHILA UNIVERSITY , DARBHANGA

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IST SEMESTER

M.A. (Philosophy)

FIRST SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 511

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–I : Indian Logic

Unit-1: Nature, Scope and Utility of logic with special reference to Indian logic: Definition and constituents of Anumana in Nyaya and Buddhism; Definition of Vyapti in Nyaya.

Unit-2: Types of Anumana in Nyaya; Buddhist Jaina and, Advaitic Perspectives.

Unit-3: Inductive Elements in Indian Logic; the concepts of Vyaptigrahopaya, Samanya laksana pratyasati, Tarka, Upadhi-nirsa.

Unit-4: Anekantavada – (The theory of relative plurasism or manifoldness); Syadvada – (The theory of conditional predication); Nayavada– (The theory of partial standpoints)

Unit-5: Pakasata, Paramarsa, Hetvabhasa, Budhist Doctrines of Apoha.

Suggested Readings:–

B. N. Singh : Indian Logic

B. K. Matilal : The Navya-Nyaya Doctrine of Negation.

B. K. Matital : Logic, Language and Reality.

D. C. Guha : Navya-Nyaya's System of Logic.

F. Th. Stcherbatsky : Buddhist Logic, Vol. I & II

Nandita Bandyopadhyaya: The Concept of Logical Fallacies

S. Barlingay : A Modern Introduction to Indian Logic.

S. R. Bhatt (Tr) : Buddhist Epistemology.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FIRST SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 512

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–II : Indian Epistemology

Unit-1 : Nature and subject-matter of Epistemology, Epistemological Problems from the Indian point of view, Relation of Epistemology with Metaphysics and Logic.

Unit-2: The debate about the nature, origin (utpatti) and ascertainment (jnapti) of validity: svatahpramanyavada; paratahpramanyavada.

Unit-3: The Theories about invalid perceptual congnitions (Khyativada): Akhayati, Anyathakhyati, Viparitakhyati, Atmakhyati, Asatkhyati, Aniravacanliyakhyati, Satkhyati.

Unit-4: A brief survey of six sources of knowledge (Pramanas) : Parmana Vyavastha and Pramana Samplava.

Unit-5: Instinct, intellect and intuition

Suggested Readings:–

B. K. Matilal : Perception, Oxford University Press, 1986.

Debabrata Sen : The Concept of Knowledge, Calcutta, 1984.

D. M. Dutta : The Six ways of Knowing, Calcutta, 1960.

Dharmakirti : Nyayabindu

(Tr. In Stecherbatsky's Buddhist Logic, Vol. II).

Govardhan P. Bhatt : Epistemology of the Bhatta School of Purva Mimamsa,

Varanasi, 1962.

J. N. Mohanty : Gangesa's Theory of Knowledge, Calcutta, 1965

Sami Satprakasananda : Method of Knowledge, London, 1965

Satishehandra Chatterjee: The Nyaya Theory of Knowledge, Calcutta, 1965.

Srinivasa Rao : Perceptual Error, The Indian Theories, University Press of

Hawai, Honolulu, 1998.

Visvanatha : Siddhantamuktavali (Tr. Svami Madhavananda)

S. Radhakrishnan : An Idealist View of Life

M.A. (Philosophy)

FIRST SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 513

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–III : Western Epistemology

Unit-1: Socrates: Method of Knowledge; Plato: Theory of Knowledge. Aristotle;

Method of Deduction

Unit-2: Francis Bacon : Inductive Method.

Rene Descartes: Method of Doubt, Cogito ergo sum, Benedict Spinoza:

Theory of Knowledge, Leibnitz: Theory of Knowledge.

Unit-3: John Locke: Origin, Nature and Validity of Knowledge; Limits of

Knowledge, Geogre Berkeley: Esse est percipii, Hume : Scepticism.

Unit-4: Immanuel Kant: Problem of Knowledge; synthetic A prior judgements,

Criticism: reconciliation of Rationalism & Empiricism

Unit-5: Kant – Space and Time, Agnosticism, Hegel - Dialectical Method.

Suggested Readings:–

A. J. Ayer : The Problem of Knowledge

A. C. Danto : Analytical Philosophy of Knowledge

B. Russell : Problems of Philosophy

Daya Krishna : Pashchatya Darsan ka Itihasa

Francis Bacon : Inductive Method

F. Copleston : A History of Philosophy

Jagdish Sahay Srivastava : Adhunik Darshana Ka Viagyanika Itihasa

J. Hintikka : Knowledge and Belief

John Hospers : An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis

K. Lehrer : Knowledge

Frank Thilly : A History of Philosophy

D. J. O' Conner : A Critical History of Western Philosophy

R. M. Chisholm : Theory of Knowledge, (3rd, Ed.)

Roger Scrution : A History of Philosophy from Descrates to Wittgenstein.

W. K. Wright : A History of Modern Philosophy.

W. T. Stace : Critical History of Greek Philosophy. (Dr. R. K. Deswal)

M.A. (Philosophy)

FIRST SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 514

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–IV : Indian Ethics

Unit-1: Nature and scope of Indian Ethics: Its relation with other branches of Philosophy; Yama and Niyama of Yoga.

Unit-2: Law of Karma– Ethical Implications; Sadharana Dharma; Concept of Rna and Yajna, Rta and Satya

Unit-3: Buddhism --- Astangamarga (Eight fold noble path); The Ideal of Arhat and Bodhisatava; Panchmahavrat of Jainism.

Unit-4: Gita's Notion of Svadharma; Lokasangraha; Karam Yoga; Jnana Yoga; Bhakti Yoga; Ideal of Sthitaprajna.

Unit-5: A Study of Following concept with inference to Purva-Miniamism(a) Sabda, Veda Pramanya, Apaureseyatva, Dharma, Sadhya-Shadan, Istasadhana, Vidhi-Nisedha, Arthavada.

Suggested Readings:–

B. G. Tilak : Gita Rahasya

I. C. Sharma : Ethical Philosophies of India.

N. K. Brahma : Philosophy of the Hindu Sadhana

M. Hiriyanna : The Indian Conception of Values.

R. Prasad : Karma, Causation and Retributive Morality.

R. Prasad : Varnadharma, Niskama Karma and Practical Morality.

Sir Aurobindo : Essays on the Gita

S. K. Mitra : The Ethics of the Hindu

M.A. SEMESTER

PHILOSOPHY

DEPT. OF PHILOSOPHY

L.N.MITHILA UNIVERSITY , DARBHANGA

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2ND SEMESTER

M.A. (Philosophy)

SECOND SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 521

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–V : Western Symbolic Logic

Unit-1: Definition and Nature of Argument, Truth and validity, Nature of

Symbolic Logic , Utility of Symbolic Logic

Unit-2 : Simple and Compound Statements, Conditional Statements,

Symbilization of Statements, Statement and Statement Forms'

Unit-3: Argument and Argument Forms, Validity of Arguments by Truth

Tables Method, Tautology, Contingent & Contradictory Statements

Unit-4: Rules of Inference , Formal Proof of Validity , Proving Invalidity

Unit-5: The Rule of Replacement, The Rule of Conditional Proof ,

The Rule of Indirect Proof , Proofs of Tautologies , The Strengthened

Rule of Conditional Proof , Shorter Truth Table Technique –

Reductio ad Absurdum Method

Suggested Readings:–

I. M. Copi : Introduction of Logic (Hindi Version also available)

I. M. Copi : Symbolic Logic (6th Edition), Chapter 4 and 5

Richard Jeffrey : Formal Logic: Its Scope and Limits (2nd Edition) Chapter 1 to 5

A. N. Prior : Formal Logic

Patrick Suppes : Introduction to Logic

A. Singh & Co. Goswami : Fundamentals of Logic

B. L. Sharma : Tarka Shastra Pravesh

M.A. (Philosophy)

SECOND SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 522

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–VI : Indian Metaphysics

Unit-1: The role of God in Nyaya-Vaisesika, Yoga & Advaita Vedanta. central role of God in the Bhakti School with special reference to Ramanuja.

Unit-2: Self as Atman in Jainism, Nyaya–Vaisesika, Samkhya and Advaita Vedanta.

Unit-3: Dravya, Guna, Paryana in Jainism; Vaisesika; Seven Categories (Padartha).

Causation: the debate between Satkaryavada and Asatkaryavada.

Unit-4: Concept of Nirvana in Buddhism, Bondage and liberation in Jainism, Samkhya and Advaita Vedanta.

Unit-5: Nature and constitution of the physical world; the theories of five elements (Pancabhutas), gunas and Pancikarana.

Suggested Readings:-

Stephen H. Phillips: Classical Indian Metaphisics

M. Hirianna : Outlines of Indian Philosophy.

C. D. Sharma : A Critical Survey of Indian Philiosophy.

S. N. Dasgupta : A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol. I to V

S. Radhakrishna : Indian Philosophy Vol. I to II

D. M. Dutta & S. C. Chatterjee : Introduction to Indian Philosophy. (Hindi Version also available.)

H. P. Sinha : Bhartiya Darshan ke Rooprekha.

M.A. (Philosophy)

SECOND SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 523

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–VII : Modern Indian Thought

Unit-1: Swami Vivekananda : Universal Religion; Practical Vedanta

Shri Aurobindo : Sachchidananda; Involution and Evolution; Integral Yoga.

Unit-2: B. G. Tilak : Svadharma; Lok-Samgraha; Niskama-Karma.

M.K.Gandhi: Truth is God; Non-violence; Satyagraha.

Unit-3: K. C. Bhattacharya : Concept of Philosophy; Theoretic consciousness and

its grades.

S. Radhakrishnan : Intellect and Intuition, Religion; its nature and

essence, Inter-religious understanding.

Unit-4: R. N. Tagore: Nature of man : Finite, Infinite; Religion, ways of

Realization.

Iqbal : Intellect and Intuition; Space and Time.

Unit-5: J. Krishnamurti : The analysis of the Self, Freedom From the known.

M. N. Roy : Criticism of Marxism and Gandhism, Materialism,

Radical Humanism

Suggested Books:-

B. G. Tilak : Gita Rahasaya.

B. K. Lal : Contemporary Indian Philosophy.

(Hindi Version also available)

K. C. Battacharya : Studies in Philosophy

Swami Vivekanand : Complete Work. (Hindi Version and available)

Sri Aurobindo : Life Divine (Hindi Version also available)

Sri Aurobindo : Integral Yoga. (Hindi Version also available)

T. M. P. Mahadevan & C. V. Saroja : Contemporary Indian Philosophy

V. S. Naravana : Modern Indian Thought (Hindi Version also available)

Bhikhu Parekh : Gandhi's Political Philosophy

J. Krishnamurti : Freedom from the known

J. Krishnamurti : Tradition and Revolution

M. K. Gandhi : Hind Swaraj

S. Radhakrishnan : An Idealist view of Life

R. Tagore : Religion of Man

S. C. Mishra : Ethical Thought of Tilak, Aurobindo & Gandhi

L. K. Gupta : M. N. Roy ka Darsanika Chintana.

M.K. Jha : Theories of Evolution : East and West

M.A. (Philosophy)

SECOND SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 524

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–VIII : Philosophy of Language (Western)

Unit-1: B. Russell: Logical Atomism; Knowledge by acquaintance and knowledge by description.

G. E. Moore : A Defense of Common-sense; Refutation of idealism.

Unit-2: G. Frege: Sense and Reference.

L. Wittgenstein: Meaning as Reference; Meaning as Use; Language Game.

Unit-3: A. J. Ayer: Rejection of Metaphysics, Function of Philosophy.

J. L. Austin: Speech Act; Performative Utterances; Functions of Philosophy.

Unit-4: John Dewey: Instrumentalism.

William James: Pragmatism, Theory of Truth,

Theory of Reality

G. Ryle: Category- Mistake; Descartes; Myth.

Unit-5: Logical Positivism: Methodology, Incapacity of Philosophy.

Elimination of Metaphysics.

Suggested Readings:-

Ajit Kumar Sinha : Samkalin Darshan

B. K. Lal : Samkalin Paschatya Darshan

Laxmi Saxena : Samkalin Darshan

Jagdish Sahay Shrivastav : Paschatya Darshan ki parmukh Darshnik Parvartiyan.

John Macquarrie : Existentalism.

H. J. Blackham : Six Existentialist Thinkers.

M. K. Bhadra : A Critical Survey of Phenomenology and Existentialism.

Martine Heidgger : Introduction to Metaphysics.

D. M. Datta : Chief currents of contemporary Philosophy.

M.A. SEMESTER

PHILOSOPHY

DEPT. OF PHILOSOPHY

L.N.MITHILA UNIVERSITY , DARBHANGA

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3RD SEMESTER

M.A. (Philosophy)

THIRD SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 531

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–IX : Applied Ethics

Unit-1: Origin, Nature and scope of Applied Ethics; Main streams and Limitations of Applied Ethics; Relevance of Applied Ethics.

Unit-2: Capital Punishment: For and Against; Mental Pollution by Media: for and Against; Cloning Humans: For and Against.

Unit-3: Problem of Euthanasia, Moral Rights of the Foetus; Rights of Animals.

Unit-4: Female Foeticide; Child Abuse; Domestic Violance: Effect on Women and Children.

Unit-5: Bench-Bar relation, Doctor-Patient-Relation.

Suggested Readings:-

A. P. Dubey : Aplied Ethics, Northern Book Centre, New Delhi, 2004,

Brenda Almond & Donald Hill : Applied Philosophy: Morals and Metaphysics in Contemporary debates. Foutledge & Kegan Pal, London, 1991.

David S. Oderberg : Applied Ethics, Blackwell Publishers, First ed. 2000.

E.R. Winkler & J. R. Combe (eds) : Applied Ethics : A Reader, Blackwell, 1993.

G. C. Graber & D. C. Thomasma : Theory and Practice in Medical Ethics, The continuum co. New York, 1989.

Jennifer Jackson : Ethics in Medicine, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2006.

May Briody Mahowald : Bioethics and Women, Oxford University Press, 2006.

Peter Singer (Ed) : Applied Ethics – Oxford University Press, 2006

M.A. (Philosophy)

THIRD SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 532

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–X : Social and Political Philosophy

Unit-1: Social Philosophy : Definition and nature of Social Philosophy; Methods of Sociology and Political Science.

Unit-2: Social Change : Kinds of Social Change; Factors of social change; Social Progress: Concept and Factors.

Unit-3: Family : Family as a social institution; Role of family in socialization of individual; Joint family system: merits and demerits of joint family in modern society.

Unit-4: Social and Political : Concepts: Equality, Justice, Liberty

Unit-5: Education : Meaning, definition and objectives of education.

Mahatma Gandhi : Concept of Basic Education

Suggested Readings:-

Ajit Kumar Sinha : Outlines of Social Philosophy, Sinha Publication House (P) Ltd. Calcutta, 1965

S. C. Mishra : Samajik – Rajnitika Darshan.

Barbara Goodwin : Using Political Ideas, John Willey Sons, New York, 1991.

J. S. Makenzi, : Samaj Darshan Ki Ruprekha, Raj Kamal Prakashan, New Delhi, 1962

Satyapal, Gautam : Samaj Darshan, Haryana Sahitya Academy, Panchkula, 2004

Shivbhanu Singh : Samaj Darshan Ka Sarvakshan, Sharda Pustak Bhandar, Allahabad, 2008.

Ramender : Samaj Avam Rajniti Darshan, Motilal Banarsidas, Delhi, 2005

D.M. Datta : Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi , Kolkata University Press, Kolkata

M.A. (Philosophy)

THIRD SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 533

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–XI : Philosophy of Language (Indian)

Unit-1:

1. The Meta Physical basis of Language: Bhartrihari's theory of Sabdabrahman.

2. The different levels of speech (Vak) para, pasyanti, Madhyama, Vaikhari.

3. The centre of Energy (Cakras)

4. The theory of sphota, kinds of sphota.

5. The Unit of Language (Three Views)

(i) Varnavada (ii) Padavada, (iii) Vakyavada

Unit-2:

1. Analysis of world (Sabda) and meaning (Artha)

(i) The import of words (different view)

(ii) Fourfold classification of words-Rudha, Yaugika,

Yogarudha, Yougikanudha.

(iii) Eightfold means of knowing the meaning of words (Saktigrahopaya)

Unit-3:

1. Analysis of sentence.

(i) Necessary condition of sentence-Akanksa, Assatti, Yogyata, Tatparya.

(ii) Eighthold theories of sentence.

(iii) The process of verbal cognition (Sabdabodha)

(iv) Different formulas of interpretation of sentence (Vakyarthabodha)

(v) Theories of Anvitabhidhana and Abhihitanvya.

Unit-4:

Analysis of Rhetoric Language.

(i) Abhidha

(ii) Laksana

(iii) Vyanjana

Unit-5:

(1) The Navya Navya analysis of proposition

(i) The Navya Navya techniques of analysis

(ii) The use of avacchedakta

(2) The Analysis of Negation

(i) The Concept of Negation.

(ii) The Concept of Apoha.

Suggested Readings:–

1. K. N. Chatterjee : Word in meaning. A new perspective

2. K. K. Raja : Indian Theory of meaning

3. Harimohan Jha : Trend of Linguistic Analysis Indian Philosophy

4. Nagesh Bhatt : Sphotasiddhi

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M.A. (Philosophy)

THIRD SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 534

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–XII : Western Ethical Theories

Unit-1: Meta-ethics: Nature and problem of Meta-ethics; Types of Meta-ethics. Naturalism and its types.

Unit-2: Non-naturalism: Meaning and Description.

Intutionism– G.E. Moore, H. A. Richard, W. T. Ross.

Unit-3: Emotivism: Ayer and Stevenson

Prescriptivism: R.M. Hare, J. Urmson.

Unit-4: Applied Ethics: Nature and purpose of Applied Ethics; Main types of Applied Ethics: Business Ethics.

Unit-5: Environmental Ethics and Medical Ethics.

Suggested Books:–

A. K. Shrivastava : Environmental Ethics

A. P. Dubey : Applied Ethics

David S. Oderberg : Applied Ethics

John S. Mackenzie : A Manual of Ethics.

J. N. Sinha : A Manual of Ethics.

Haridya Narayan Mishra : Nitishastra Ke Parmukh Siddhant.

Peter Singer (ed.) : Applied Ethics.

S. N. Gupta : Nitishastra Ka Samaj-Darshan Ki Ruprekha

Tandra Patnaik : Issues in Practical Ethics.

V. P. Verma : Nitishastra Ka Mook Siddhant.

V. P. Verma : Adhinitishastra Ke Mool Siddhant.

PHILOSOPHY

DEPT. OF PHILOSOPHY

L.N.MITHILA UNIVERSITY , DARBHANGA

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IVTH SEMESTER

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 541

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–XIII : Philosophy of Religion – I

Unit-1: Definition and Nature of Philosophy of Religion; The significance of Philosophy of Religion; Relation of Religion with Science and Philosophy.

Unit-2: Theories of the origin of Religion; Origin of the idea of God; Concept of Isvara in Indian Philosophy.

Unit-3: Religious Experience and Religious Consciousness; Argument, for the existence of God: Ontological Argument, Cosmological Argument, Teleological Argument.

Unit-4: Transcendence and Immanence : God and the Absolute

Unit-5: Deism, Theism, Pantheism and Panentheism

Suggested Readings:–

A. Thompson : A Modern Philosophy of Religion.

H. P. Sinha : Dharma Darshan ki Ruprekha

J. Hick : An Interpretation of Religion.

M. Hiriyanna : Quest for perfection.

N. K.Brahma : Philosophical Experience of Mankind.

N. Smart : The Religious Experience of Mankind.

R. Otto : The Idea of the Holy

Swami Vivekanand : Complete Works (Relevant chapters)

W. James : Varieties of Religious Experience.

Yacub Masih : Samanya Dharam Darshan.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 542

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XIII : Comparative Religion–I

Unit-1: Problems and methods in the study of Religion : Nature, necessity and scope of comparative religion.

Unit-2: The main tenets and practices of the following groups of Religion.

(a) Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikkhism.

(b) Zorostrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam.

Unit-3: Death, Rebirth, Life after death, Liberation and its means in Hinduism & Christianity

Unit-4: God-man relation in religions.

Immortality : Incarnation : prophethood.

Unit-5: Moral and Social values; Secular Society , Fanaticism

Suggested Readings:–

A. Thompson : A Modern Philosophy of Religion.

H. P. Sinha : Dharma Darshan ki Ruprekha

J. Hick : An Interpretation of Religion.

Kadar Nath Tiwari : Comparative Religion.

M. Hiriyanna : Quest for Perfection.

N. K. Brahma : Philosophy of Hindu Sadhana

N. Smart : The Religious Experience of Mankind

R. Otto : The Idea of the Holy.

Swami Vivekandanda : Complete Works (Relevant Chapters)

V. P. Verma : Dharma Darsan ki Mook Samasayayein.

Vatsyanan : Philosophy of Religion (World Religions)

W. James : Varieties of Religious Experience.

Yacub Maish : A Complete Philosophy of Religion

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 543

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XIII : Yoga as Applied Philosophy–I

Unit-1: Philosophy of Yoga: Meaning, Definition, Origin & Development of Yoga.

Doctrine of three Gunas; Prakrti; Purusa; Doctrine of Klesha.

Unit-2: Theory of Evolution; Samkhya Theory of Evolution.

Unit-3: Citta and its varieties; Methods of Citta-Control; Five kinds of Yam and Niyama; their Role in Yoga and their Importance in Personal and Social Life.

Unit-4: Asanas: Principles of their practice, their kinds and their cultural, Physiological and therapeutic effect.

Unit-5: Pranayama: Its varieties and techniques with their benefits.

Suggested Readings:–

K. S. Bashi : Cure Yourself Through Yoga.

Pavan Kumari : Patanjali Yoga Sutra : A Critical Study.

Raghunath Safaya : Indian Psychology

Ramnath Sharma & Rachana Sharma : Bhartiya Monovijyana.

Sri Ram Chandra Gupta : Yogic Culture and Modern Man- Secrets of Vital Health and Happiness.

Swami Shivapurnananda : Step-by-step Yoga for stress Relief.

Surendra Kumar Sharma : Hathyoga : Ek Atihasik Pripekshya.

Swami Sampurnananda : Yoga-Darshan

S. P. Atreya : Yoga Psychology.

Swami Vivekananda : Raja Yog

Udayavir Shastri : Samkhya Sutra-Kapilmuni.

A. V. Keith (Trans Shiv Kumar): Samkhya Darshan Ka Ithas.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 544

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–XIV : Philosophy of Mind (Indian)– I

Unit-1: Nature and Scope of Indian Philosophy of Mind; Methods of Indian Philosophy of Mind; Comparative Study of Indian & Western approaches.

Unit-2: Upanisad: Concept of Personality, States of Consciousness; Buddhism: Factors of Personality and Nature of Perception; Jainism: Nature of Consciousness.

Unit-3: Nyaya: Concept of Personality, States of consciousness; Vaisesika: Factors of Personality and Theories of Consciousness.

Unit-4: Samkhya: Nature of Personality : Triguna Theory;

Unit-5: Yoga, The Philosophy of Klesas; States pf Consciousness; Factors of Personality.

Suggested Readings:–

B. Kuppuswamy : Elements of Ancient Indian Psychology, Vikas Publisher,

New Delhi, 1979

Chennakesavan, Sarasvati : Concept of Mind in Indian Philosophy, Motilal Banarsidash Publisher Pvt. Ltd.; Delhi, 1991.

Dutta & Chatterjee : An Introduction to Indian Philosophy.

University of Calcutta, 1984.

K. Ramakrishna Rao, Anand C. Paranjpe, and Ajit K. Dalal (eds): Handbook of Indian Psychology, Foundation Books, New Delhi 2008.

Kireet, Joshi (Ed) : Consciousness, Indian Psychology and Yoga, Indian Book

Corporation, 2005.

N. Ross Reat : Origins of Indian Psychology, Asian Humanities, Press, 1990.

Jadunath Sinha : Indian Psychology: Cognition; Emotion and Will; Epostemology of perception (3 Vols.),

Motilal Banarsidass, New Delhi, 1986.

Raghunath Safaya : Indian Psychology: A Critical and Historical Analysis of Psychological Speculation in Indian Philosophical literature.

Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. New Delhi, 1976.

Ram Nath Sharma &

Rachana Sharama : Bhartiya Manovijyan, Atlantic Publishers and Distributors,

New Delhi, 2005.

Vilva Padmasiri : An Introduction to Buddish Psychology.

Macmillan Press Ltd. 2000.

C. K. Ramakrishna Rao : Development of Psychology Thoughts in India,

Kavlaya Publisher, Mysore.

****

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 545

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XIV : Philosophical Approach to Gandhi– I

Unit-1: Impact of Various teaching on Gandhi's Thought; Concept of Varna: Views on Education.

Unit-2: Concept of Knowledge; Concept of Truth and Love and their relationship; Engagement with tradition.

Unit-3: Concept of Self; Nature of World; Concept of god

Unit-4: Women, Sexuality and Brahamcharya;

Unit-5: Moral foundation of good life. Cardinal virtues.

Suggested Readings:–

Ajay Shankar Rai : Gandhiyan Satyagraha and Critical Approach.

Anil Dutt Mishra : Fundamentals of Gandhism.

Basand Kumar Lal : Contemporary Indian Philosophy

(Hindi Version Also Available)

D. M. Dutta : The Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi

B. A. Raju : Gandhi and his Religion.

Nashry Roy (Ed) : Gandhi and the Present Global Crisis

M. P. Mahadevan & G.V. Saroja : Contemporary Indian Philosopyy.

T. Patil : Studies on Gandhi.

Richards : The Philosophy of Gandhi: A Study of his

Basic Ideas.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 546

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XIV : Environmental Ethics– I

Unit-1: Nature and Scope of Environmental Ethics; Basic Concepts and Issues.

Unit-2: Nature, Man and Society: A Plea for Non-Anthropocentrism; Climate Change: Meaning, Causes and Preventions.

Unit-3: Environmental Ethics and Ecology: Nature and Scope of Ecology: Main Characteristics of Ecology.

Unit-4: Sustainable Development and Environment; Deep Ecology: Meaning and Definition:

Unit-5: Ecological Theory of Ancient Indian Philosophy

Suggested Readings:–

Brenda Almond & Donald Hill : Applied Philosphy: Moral and Metaphysics in Contemporary debates, Roultage &

Keganpal, London, 1991.

E. R. Winkler & J. R. Combe(eds.) : Applied Ethics, A Reader, Blackwell, 1993.

Kanchan Saxena : Reading in Applied Philosophy,

Shekhar Prakashan, Allahabad, 1999.

Haridya Naryana Mishra : Philosophy of Ecology, Ashirvad Publication,

Lucknow, 2006

John Benson : Environmental Ethics, Routledge,

London and New York, 2000.

Patrik Curry : Ecology Ethics: An Introduction,

Policy Press, Cambridge, 2006.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 547

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–XV : Philosophy of Religion– II

Unit-1: Freedom of the Will, Karma and Rebirth; Purusarthas: Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha.

Unit-2: Inter-Religious dialogue and the possibility of universal religion with special reference to Hinduism, Buddhism and Christianity; Problem of religious language: Cognitive, Non-Cognitive and Semi-Cognitive Theories.

Unit-3: Secularism, Religious Tolerance, Fanaticism

Unit-4: God, Man and the World in Advaita Vedanta

Unit-5: Brahman, Isvara, Jiva and Jagat in Ramanuja

Suggested Books:-

A. Thompson : A Modern Philosophy of Religion.

H. P. Sinha : Dharma Darshan ki Ruprekha.

J. Hick : An Interpretation of Religion.

M. Hiriyanna : Quest for Perfection

N. K. Brahma : Philosophy of Hindu Sadhana.

N. Smart : The Religious Experience of Mankind

R. Otto : The Idea of the Holy

Swami Vivekananda : Complete Works (Relevant Chaptered)

W. James : Varieties of Religious Experience.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 548

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XV : Comparative Religion– II

Unit-1: Hinduism : Concept of God, Concept of Soul; Theory of World; Law of karma.

Unit-2: Hinduism : Rebirth, Liberation and Paths of Liberation; Dr. Schweitzer's views against Hinduism and Dr. S. Radhakrishnan's answer.

Unit-3: Buddhism : Anti-metaphysical attitude of Buddh; Four Noble-Truth, Nature of Nirvana; Eight-fold, path.

Unit-4: Islam : God, Cardinal Principles , Sufism

Unit-5: Christianity : Man, World, God,

Suggested Books:–

A. Thompson : A Modern Philosophy of Religion.

H. P. Sinha : Dharma Darshan ki Ruprekha.

J. Hick : An Interpretation of Religion.

Kadar Nath Tiwari : Comparative Religion

M. Hiriyanna : Quest for Perfection

N. K. Brahma : Philosophy of Hindu Sadhana.

N. Smart : The Religious Experience of Mankind

R. Otto : The Idea of the Holy

Swami Vivekananda : Complete Works (Relevant Chaptered)

V. P. Verma : Dharma Darasan ki Mool Samasayayein

W. James : Varieties of Religious Experience.

Yacub Masih : A Complete Philosophy of Religion

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 549

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XV : Yoga as Applied Philosophy– II

Unit-1: Pratyahara; Dharna, Dhayana

Unit-2: Samadhi and its stages; Concept of Isvara and its Importance in Yoga

Unit-3: Citta Bhumiyan and stage of Samapatti and its varieties; Modification of the Thinking Principles; How to Built Mental Health (Brahamviharas).

Unit-4: General Introduction of Karma-Yoga, Bhakti-Yoga, Jyana-Yoga, Raj -Yoga

Unit-5: Hath-Yoga and Mantra-Yoga.

Suggested Books:–

K. S. Bashi : Cure Yourself Through Yoga.

Pavan Kumari : Patanjali Yoga Sutra: A Critical Study.

Raghunath Safaya : Indian Psychology.

Ramnath Shama & Rachana Sharma : Bhartiya Manovijyana.

Sri Ram Chandra Gupta : Yogic Culture and Modern Man-Secrets of Vital Health and

Happiness.

Swami Shivapermananda : Step-by-Step Yoga for Stress Relief.

Surendra Kumar Sharma : Hathyoga : Ek Atihasik Papekshya.

Swami Sampurnananda : Yoga-Darshan

S. P. Atreya : Yoga-Psychology.

Swami Vivekananda : Raja Yoga

Udayavir Shastri : Semkhya Sutra Kapilmuni

A.V. Keith(Trans Shiv Kumar): Samkhya Darahsan ka Ithas Shrimad Bhagvad Gita (Only Chapter 2,3,6 & 12th.)

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 550

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

Paper–XVI : Philosophy of Mind (Western)–II

Unit-1: Nature of Western Philosophy of Mind; Nature of Consciousness: First Person account & Third Person Account.

Unit-2: Cartesian Dualism: Meaning, Problems and its Modification.

Unit-3: Behaviourism: Meaning; Psychological Behaviourism of B. F. Skinner; Philosophical Behaviourism of L. Wittgenstein & G. Ryle;

Unit-4: A, General Introduction of Functionalism; Representational Theory of Mind; Interrepresentational theories of Mind (Donald Davidson & Daniel C. Dennett) and Eliminativism (Paul Churchland.)

Unit-5: Identity Theory of J. J. C. Smart.

Suggested Books:–

Bechtel, William : Philosophy of Mind: An Overview of Cognitive Science, Lawerence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1998.

Jerome A. Shaffer : Philosophy of Mind, Prentice-Hall, 1968.

Pradhan, R.C. : Recent Development in Analytic Philosophy. Indian Council of Philosophical Research: New Delhi, 2001.

Hell John : Philosophy of Mind (a Contemporary Introduction), Routledge: London & New York, 2003.

Shukla, J. P. : The Nature of Mind. Modern Book House, Jabalpur, 1966.

Titus, H. H. & other (Ed.) : Living Issues in Philosophy. Oxford University Press: New York, 1995.

William o' Donohue, & Richard Kitchener (Eds.): Philosophy of Psychology, Edi. By. Sage Publishers: Londin 1996. Crumley II, Jack S. (Ed,): Problems in Mind. Mayfield Publishing Company: London & Tornto, 2000.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 551

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XVI : Philosophical Approach to Gandhi–II

Unit-1: Concept of Swaraj, Concept of Satyagraha; Concept of Ahimsa

Unit-2: Concept of Statelessness; Concept of Trusteeship; Concept of Sarvodaya; Concept of Panchayati Raj.

Unit-3: Gandhian view of Religion; Anasakti– Yoga; Concept of Tapasya.

Unit-4: Means– End relationship: Gandhhi and the Gandhians

Unit-5: Continuity and innovation, Community and Fellowship.

Suggested Readings:–

Ajay Shankar Rai : Gandhiyan Satyagraha Analitical and Critical Approach.

Anil Dutt Mishra : Fundamentals of Gandhism.

Basant Kumar Lal : Contemporary Indian Philosophy (Hindi Version Also

Available)

D. M. Dutta : The Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi

B. A. Raju : Gandhi and his Religion.

Rabindranatha Chatterjee : Gandhi and the Crisis of Civil Society.

M. P. Mahadevan & G. V. Saroja : Contemporary Indian Philosophy.

S. Devadiss : Sarvodaya and the Problem of Political

Sovereignty

T. Patil : Studies on Gandhi.

M.A. (Philosophy)

FOURTH SEMESTER

Paper Code- PLS 552

Maximum Marks– 100

Theory – 70 Marks

Assessment– 30 Marks

Time Allowed– 3 Hours

Year of Examination :

OR

Paper–XVI : Environmental Ethics–II

Unit-1: Nature and Scope of Indian Environmental Ethics; Basic Concepts and Issues.

Unit-2: Nature, Man and Society : Vedic-Ecological-Philosophy.

Unit-3: Buddha-Ecology: Nature and Scope of Ecology: Main Characteristics of Ecology.

Unit-4: Jaina-Ecology: Meaning and Definition: Characteristics of Deep Ecology.

Unit-5: Conctemporary issues in Environmental Ethics..

Suggested Readings:–

Brenda Almond & Donald Hill : Applied Philosophy: Moral and Metaphysics in Contemporary debates, Roultage & Keganpal,

London, 1991.

E. R.Winkler &J. be (eds,) : Applied Ethics, A Reader, Balckwell, 1993.

Kanchan Saxena : Reading in Applied Philosophy, Shekhar Prakashan, Allahabad, 1999.

Haridya Naryana Mishra : Philosophy of Ecology, Ashirvad Publication, Lucknow, 2006.

John Benson : Environmental Ethics, Routledge, London and New York, 2000.

Patrik Curry : Ecology Ethics: An Introduction, Plity Press, Cambridge, 2006.

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