NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR SCHOOL BUSES

Copyright, waiver of first sale doctrine, disclaimer The National Safety Council's materials arc fully protected by United States copyright laws and arc solely for the noncommercial, internal usc of the purchaser. Witilout the prior written consent of the National Safety Council, purchaser agrees that such materials shall not be rented, leased, loaned (unless National Safety Council Chapter or Affiliate), sold, transferred, assigned, broadcast in any media form, publicly exhibited or used outside the organization of the purchaser or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise. Although the information and recommendations contained in this publication have been compiled from sources believed to be reliable, the National Safety Council makes no guarantee as to, and assumes no responsibility for, the correctness, sufficiency, or completeness of such information or recommendations. Other or additional safety measures may be required under particular circumstances.

? 1991 National Safety Council

NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR SCHOOL BUSES and

NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR SCHOOL BUS OPERATIONS

1990 Revised Edition

Recommendations of

THE ELEVENTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION

Central Missouri State University Warrensburg, Missouri May 13-19, 1990

Co-Sponsored by:

National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation Services National Association for Pupil Transportation National School Transportation Association

School Transportation Section, National Safety Council School Bus Manufacturers Institute Central Missouri State University

This publication is available from the National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 Price information available upon request.

Contents

Foreword

. 1

Objectives and Guiding Principles

.2

Using These Standards for School Buses

. 3

Introduction to School Bus Standards

. 3

Definitions, School Bus

.4

Bus Chassis Standards

. 5

Air Cleaner

. 5

Axles ... .

. 5

Brakes .. .

. 5

Bumper, Front

. 5

Bumper, Front-Energy Absorbing

.6

Certification

.6

Clutch

.6

Color ....

.6

Drive Shaft

.6

Electrical System

.6

Engine Fire Extinguishers

.7

Exhaust System ..... .

.7

Fenders, Front, Type C Vehicles

. 7

Frame

.7

Fuel Tank .......... .

.8

Governor

.8

Heating System, Provision for

.8

Horn ............. .

.8

Instruments and Instrument Panel

8

Oil Filter ... .

.9

Openings ........ .

. 9

Passenger Load . . .. .

.9

Power and Gradeability

9

Retarder System

.9

Shock Absorbers

. 9

Springs ..... .

.9

Ill

Steering Gear .

.9

Tires and Rims

.9

Transmission

10

Turning Radius

10

Undercoating .

10

Weight Distribution

10

Bus Body Standards

11

Aisle ...

11

Back-Up Warning Alarm

11

Battery .....

11

Bumper (Front) ..... .

l1

Bumper (Rear) ..... .

11

Bumper, Front -- Energy Absorbing

11

Ceiling ....

12

Certification .

12

Chains (Tire)

12

Color ....

12

Construction

12

Defrosters .

13

Doors ....

13

Emergency Exits

13

Emergency Equipment

14

Floors

15

Heaters ....

15

Identification

15

Inside Height

15

Insulation

16

Interior ....

16

Lamps and Signals

16

Metal Treatment

17

Mirrors .....

17

Mounting

18

Overall Length

18

Overall Width .

18

Rub Rails

18

Seat Belt for Driver

18

Seat and Crash Barriers

18

iv

Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

Step Treads . . . . . . . .

19

Stirrup Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

Stop Signal Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

Storage Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

Sun Shield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Tailpipe ......... .

19

Traction Assisting Devices . . . . . . . . . .

20

Undercoating ................ .

20

Ventilation ...... .

20

Wheelhousing . . . . .

20

Windows . . . . . . . .

20

Windshield Washers

21

Windshield Wipers . . . .

21

Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Specially Equipped School Bus Standards . . . . . . . . . .

22

Introduction ....... .

22

General Requirements ..

22

Aisles . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

Communications .

22

Glazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

Identification ..... .

22

Power Lift . . . . . . . . .

22

Ramps .......... .

23

Regular Service Entrance

23

Restraining Devices

23

Seating Arrangements . . . .......... .

23

Securement System for Mobile Seating Device/Occupant .

24

Special Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24

Special Service Entrance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

Special Service Entrance Doors ....

25

Support Equipment and Accessories

25

Appendix, Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

National School Bus Yellow .. .

26

Colormetric (CIE) Data .... .

26

v

Noise Test Procedure

26

School Bus Seat Upholstery Fire Block Test

29

National Standards for School Bus Operations .

32

Introduction . . . . . . .

32

I. Administration .

32

A. State agency(ies)

32

B.? Local administrators

32

II. Pupil Transportation Director

33

A. State Pupil Transportation Director

33

B. Local Pupil Transportation Director and/or Private

Operator

33

III. Driver . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

A. Manual . . . . . . . . .

34

B. Procedures for selection

34

C. Instructional program .

35

D. Behind-the-wheel instruction

35

E. Duties ..... .

35

F. Driver evaluation

35

IV. Bus Attendant

35

A. Regular bus attendant instruction

35

B. Bus attendant, Special Education

36

V. Maintenance and Service Personnel

36

A. Staff . . . . . . . . . .

36

B. Instructional program

36

VI. Pupil Management

A. School district responsibilities

36

B. Driver responsibilities ... .

36

C. Pupil responsibilities . . . . .

37

D. Parent/guardian responsibilities

37

VII. Procedures

37

A. Policies and guidelines

37

B. Standees . . . . . . . .

38

C. School site selection and plant planning:

38

D. Routing and scheduling . . . . . . . . .

39

vi

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