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CHAPTER 12 Hematologic DrugsQuiz Yourself1. Because heparin can only be given subcutaneously, the physician discharges thepatient home on an anticoagulant drug that can be given orally.2. Heparin is composed of large molecules that are not easily absorbed, and so onlyabout 20 percent to 30 percent of a dose of heparin exerts a therapeutic effect. Lowmolecular weight heparins (LMWH) such as dalteparin, enoxaparin, and tinzaparinwere created by breaking apart the heparin molecule and decreasing the size of themolecule. These smaller molecules mean that almost the entire dose of low molecularweight heparin is absorbed and exerts a therapeutic effect.3. Protamine sulfate is a heparin antagonist drug that binds with heparin to neutralizeits anticoagulant effect.4. The therapeutic effect of anticoagulant drugs is to prevent the formation of clotsby inhibiting one or several of the clotting factors. The therapeutic effect of thrombolytic drugs is to break apart a clot that has already formed.5. The suffix –ase is common to both the generic and trade names of thrombolyticdrugs.6. [Only required to name six.] Leafy green vegetables (broccoli, Brussels sprouts, spinach, bok choi, kale, parsley, turnip greens), beef liver, garbanzo beans (chickpeas), and soy products (soybeans, soy milk, tofu) contain large amounts of vitamin K that can decrease the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug.7. [Only required to name several, not all.]Gelfilm, Gelfilm Ophthalmic, Gelfoam, Evicel, Hemopad, Hemotene, Oxycel, Surgicel, Thrombogen, Thrombostat.8. Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidneys. Epoetin alfa is an erythropoietinlike drug created with recombinant DNA technology.9. Folic acid is the B vitamin that is used to treat folic acid anemia (megaloblastic anemia).10. The suffix –parin is common to generic name heparin and low molecular weightheparins.11. Phytonadione (Mephyton) is a vitamin K drug that is given prophylactically to allnewborns to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.12. a. drugs used to treat anemiab. thrombin inhibitor drugsc. platelet aggregation inhibitor drugsd. tissue plasminogen activator druge. hemostatic drugf. low molecular weight heparing. recombinant DNA drug used to treat anemiah. thrombolytic enzyme drugClinical Applications Questions1. a. heparinb. 3000 uc. unitsd. I.V.e. Bolus is a liquid drug injected through a port all at one time into an intravenous line.f. verbal order2. a. ferrous sulfateb. anemiac. Feosol, Fer-In-Sol, Slow FEd. 325 milligrams or 5 grains3. The order was for vitamin K, but the nurse mistakenly thought of the chemical symbolfor potassium, which is K.4. a. Coumadin/warfarinb. Because the pharmacist could fill this order with either the trade name drugCoumadin or its generic equivalent warfarinc. 5 mgd. 30e. One a dayf. Oral route (PO)g. 6 refills ................
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