PDF MHC associations of myositis in Hungarian Vizsla dog
MHC associations of myositis in Hungarian
Vizsla dog
Lorna Kennedy
Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research,
Manchester, UK
Why dogs?!?
!
1 in 10 people in the UK own a dog
(that's about 6 million dogs!!) How many worldwide?
Large investment in working dogs
? Guide dogs, hearing dogs
? Farm dogs, drug sniffers
? Locating earthquake victims
? Detecting cancer, epilepsy
? heart attacks
?Health care, insurance
?Pet food
CIGMR
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Advantages of the dog as a mode
l
Medical knowledge about dogs:
second only to humans!
Dog genome sequenced in 2005
Many genes very similar to human genes
Causal gene mutations for many monogenic
canine diseases have been identified.
can be traced by synteny to human genome
CIGMR
3
Dogs as a model for complex disease
Many different breeds (>400)
subject to intense selection for particular traits e.g.
short legs, some bottlenecks: eg 2nd world war
Each breed is genetically distinct
Within breed very homogeneous
Complex diseases: may be subtypes, but within
breed, disease likely to be same
100 cases/100 controls for GWAS, not 1000s
study same diseas/different genetic backgrounds
CIGMR
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Canine myositis in Hungarian Vizslas
? A breed specific polymyositis is frequently observed in the Hungarian Vizsla.
? Affected dogs present with difficulty eating and drinking, regurgitation, and sialorrhea.
? Possible masticatory muscle atrophy and exercise intolerance
? Clinical response to immunosuppressive therapies points to an immune-mediated aetiology.
? Clinical and histological similarities with the immune-mediated myopathies observed in humans.
? MHC class II associations reported in the human conditions.
CIGMR
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CIGMR
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Affected dogs with megaesophagus ?
in "Bailey chair" to aid swallowing
CIGMR
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Affected dog with sialorrhea: drooling!
CIGMR
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