Responding to Emergencies - American Red Cross

Responding to Emergencies:

Comprehensive First Aid/CPR/AED

INSTRUCTOR'S MANUAL

Table of Contents

Section A: Program Administration

CHAPTER 1 Program Overview

Program Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Program Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Program Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Program Prerequisites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Program Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Program Delivery Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Program Instructional Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Program Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

CHAPTER 2 Being an American Red

Cross Instructor

Instructor Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Instructor Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Maintaining Consistent Training

Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

CHAPTER 3 Setting Up and Running Courses

Course Lengths and Schedules . . . . . . . . . . 10 Class Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Classroom Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Materials, Equipment and Supplies . . . . . . . 12 Class Safety and Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Additional Adult Supervision--

Teaching Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

CHAPTER 4 Teaching So That Every Participant Can Learn

Preparing to Teach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Working with Your Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Using Facilitation Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Teaching Participants with Disabilities . . . . 16 Strategies for Helping Participants

to Acquire Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

CHAPTER 5 Conducting Effective Skill Sessions

Instructor Responsibilities During Skill Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

How Participants Learn Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Approaches to Practicing Skills . . . . . . . . . . 21 Setting Up Skill Practice Sessions . . . . . . . . 22 Running Skill Practice Sessions . . . . . . . . . . 22

CHAPTER 6 Course Completion

Criteria for Course Completion and Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Skill Competency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Written Exams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Criteria for Grading Participants . . . . . . . . . . 26 Handling Unsuccessful Course

Completion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Reporting Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Acknowledging Course Completion. . . . . . . 27 Obtaining Participant Feedback . . . . . . . . . . 27 Additional Training Opportunities . . . . . . . . . 28

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Responding to Emergencies: Comprehensive First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor's Manual

Section B: Teaching Tools

LESSON PLANS

PART ONE Course Outline

PART FOUR Injuries

Lesson 1: Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Lesson 2: If Not You . . . Who? . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Lesson 3: Taking Action I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Lesson 4: Taking Action II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Lesson 5: Before Giving Care . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

PART TWO Assessment

Lesson 23: Soft Tissue Injuries I. . . . . . . . . 174 Lesson 24: Soft Tissue Injuries II/

Musculoskeletal Injuries I. . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Lesson 25: Musculoskeletal

Injuries II and Splinting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Lesson 26: Injuries to the Head,

Neck and Spine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Lesson 27: Injuries to the Chest,

Abdomen and Pelvis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Lesson 6: The Human Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Lesson 7: Checking an Injured

or Ill Person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Lesson 8: Special Considerations

When Checking and Caring for an Injured or Ill Person . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

PART THREE Life-Threatening Emergencies

Lesson 9: Cardiac Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . 82 Lesson 10: CPR--Adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Lesson 11: CPR--Child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Lesson 12: CPR--Infant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Lesson 13: AED--Adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Lesson 14: Adult AED Skill Practice

and Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Lesson 15: AED--Child and Infant . . . . . . . 122 Lesson 16: Child and Infant AED

Skill Practice and Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . 126 Lesson 17: Breathing Emergencies . . . . . . 135 Lesson 18: Choking--Adult and Child . . . . 142 Lesson 19: Choking--Infant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Lesson 20: Bleeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Lesson 21: Internal Bleeding/Shock . . . . . 161 Lesson 22: Putting It All Together I/

Introduction, Assessment and Life-Threatening Emergencies. . . . . 166

PART FIVE Medical Emergencies

Lesson 28: Sudden Illnesses I . . . . . . . . . . 224 Lesson 29: Sudden Illnesses II/

Poisoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Lesson 30: Sudden Illnesses III/

Allergic Reaction and Anaphylaxis . . . . . 243 Lesson 31: Sudden Illnesses IV/

Bites and Stings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Lesson 32: Sudden Illnesses V/

Substance Abuse and Misuse . . . . . . . . 261 Lesson 33: Heat-Related Illnesses

and Cold-Related Emergencies . . . . . . . 271 Lesson 34: Putting It All Together II/

Injuries and Sudden Illnesses . . . . . . . . 283

Table of Contents

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PART SIX Special Situations

Lesson 35: Water-Related Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Lesson 36: Pediatric, Older Adult and Special Situations . . . . . . . . . . 297

Lesson 37: Emergency Childbirth (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Lesson 38: Disaster, Remote and Wilderness Emergencies I (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Lesson 39: Disaster, Remote and Wilderness Emergencies II (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Lesson 40: Putting It All Together III/Course Review. . . . . . . . . . . 332

Lesson 41: Field Exercise (Optional) . . . . . 337 Lesson 42: Final Written Exam I:

Before Giving Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 Lesson 43: Final Written Exam II:

CPR/AED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 Lesson 44: Final Written Exam III:

Responding to Emergencies: First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Section C: Appendices

Appendix A: Sample Letter to Responding to Emergencies Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

Appendix B: Course Outlines. . . . . . . . . . . . 347 Appendix C: Guidelines for Conducting

Responding to Emergencies Review and Challenge Courses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

Appendix D: Video Segments for the Responding to Emergencies Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

Appendix E: Participant Progress Log . . . . 363 Appendix F: Written Exam

Answer Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

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Responding to Emergencies: Comprehensive First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor's Manual

CARDIAC EMERGENCIES

9 LESSON

Lesson Length: 45 minutes

GUIDANCE FOR THE INSTRUCTOR

To complete this lesson and meet the lesson objectives, you must: Q Discuss all points in the topic, "Introduction." Q Discuss all points in the topic, "Cardiovascular Disease." Q Discuss all points in the topic, "Heart Attack." Q Show the video segment, "Signs and Symptoms of a Heart Attack" (1:43). Q Discuss all points in the topic, "Angina Pectoris." Q Discuss all points in the topic, "Cardiac Arrest and the Cardiac Chain of Survival." Q Show the video segment, "The Cardiac Chain of Survival" (2:46). Q Discuss all points in the topic, "Closing."

LESSON OBJECTIVES

After completing the lesson, participants should be able to: Q List the signs and symptoms of a heart attack for both men and women. Q Describe the care for a person having a heart attack. Q Describe the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest. Q Identify the links in the Cardiac Chain of Survival.

MATERIALS, EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES

Q Responding to Emergencies: Comprehensive First Aid/CPR/AED textbook Q Responding to Emergencies: Comprehensive First Aid/CPR/AED DVD or downloaded

video segments Q Course Presentation: Part Three, Cardiac Emergencies

TOPIC: INTRODUCTION

Time: 5 minutes

INSTRUCTION

REFERENCES

Course Presentation Slide 9.1

Q Two of the most common cardiac emergencies are heart attack and cardiac arrest.

Q Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of cardiac emergencies.

Q Explain to participants that this lesson will discuss heart attack and cardiac arrest, the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and what they can do to control those risks.

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Responding to Emergencies: Comprehensive First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor's Manual

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